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1.
A synthetic approach integrating surface and subsurface data for prospecting deep aquifers: the Southeast Tunisia 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Southeast Tunisia has remarkable thermal springs that have been used for bathing since many years. Currently, studies
are being carried out to investigate the possible use of the hot water for heating buildings and for greenhouses. Springs
with discharge temperatures between 26.8 and 58°C exist in the area. The flow rates range between 7 and 66 l/s with total
dissolved solids (TDS) varying between 2,020 and 4,030 mg/l. Both geological–hydrogeological setting and the similarity in
chemical characteristics between the Zarat spring and nearby water wells suggest that the hot water from this spring may be
related to the Senonian aquifer. However, the hydrogeothermal approach shows that the depth of the reservoir that supplies
the Zarat spring is greater than that of the Senonian aquifer. In fact, geothermometry approach indicates that fluids emerging
from the Lower Cretaceous sandstones reach temperatures of approximately 78°C at depth, while the fluid temperature from the
nearby water wells is 32°C. Through the integration of various types of data we found that the thermal water of Southeast
Tunisia is of meteoric origin. This water infiltrates deeply into the Lower Cretaceous sandstones and reaches a high temperature
before rising upwards to supply the hot springs and well discharge zones. It appears that the upward movement of hot water
from the deep aquifers to shallow ones is probably due to the abundant fractures in the area. 相似文献
2.
从CO2的成因、充注期次以及不同底辟发育特征等出发,对不同类型底辟之上的CO2分布特征及其原因进行了分析。研究认为：浅层二氧化碳主要来源于壳源碳酸盐岩的高温分解,其分布差异的主要原因是流体组成、充注期次的不同以及底辟活动强度的差异。在低幅度弱能量底辟带,二氧化碳主要富集在烃类气储层的下部。在高幅度中等能量底辟带,二氧化碳呈现明显的分块分层特征：在断裂的同一侧,浅层富烃,深层富二氧化碳;断裂上盘相对富烃,断裂下盘相对富二氧化碳;同一气层内部,靠近断裂富二氧化碳,远离断裂富烃。在喷口型强能量底辟带,二氧化碳的分布没有明显的规律性。研究还表明,CO2分布深度与水中CO2溶解度有关,深层地层水中的CO2溶解度很大,游离态的CO2大量出现的可能性较小。 相似文献
3.
The results of many-year uniform spectroscopic observations of the Herbig Ae/Be star IL Cep A are presented. Its Hα line has either a single or a barely resolved two-component emission profile. The Hβ emission line is clearly divided into two components with a deep central absorption. Smooth variations of the observed parameters of individual spectral lines over nine years are observed. The He I λ5876 Å line has a complex absorption profile, probably with superposed emission components. The NaI D1, D2 doublet exhibits weak changes due to variations in the circumstellar envelope. The variations observed in the stellar spectrum can be explained by either binarity or variations of the magnetic field in the stellar disk. Difficulties associated with both these possibilities are discussed. 相似文献
4.
D.Yu. Demezhko A.K. Yurkov V.I. Utkin A.V. Klimshin 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2012,53(3):313-319
The study presents the result of continuous temperature monitoring in a 300 m deep borehole located on the Pacific coast of the Kunashir Island. Temperature variations at of 20–240 m depths with periods from a few tens of minutes to a few tens of days and amplitudes in the order of thousandths to tenths of degree are found to result from three main causes: tidal variations of groundwater level in the borehole, natural convection in the borehole, and nonperiodic and spatially heterogeneous changes of the pore pressure resulting in the appearance of an anomalous subsurface fluid regime and generating crossflow between the different aquifers through the annular space. Joint analysis of temperature and seismic data revealed that shallow-focus (up to 30 km) earthquakes with M > 5 occurred southeast of the seismic station created more expressed temperature response at 240 m depth. This response has the form of a 0.05–0.3 K temperature drop, which precedes a seismic event within a period of a few hours to a few days. Tidal analysis of borehole temperature measurements can be used to calculate the strain sensitivity and the method of borehole temperature monitoring can be used to investigate the tectonic regime of the Earth’s crust. 相似文献
5.
M. L. Calvache Ph.D. C. Duque Ph.D. J. M. Gomez Fontalva Ph.D. F. Crespo B.Sc. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2011,8(2):223-236
The temperature depth profiles of six wells in the Motril-Salobren～a aquifer were used as a basis for a comparative analysis involving various parameters to determine their relations and factors influencing the different trends. There is a clear influence of ambient temperature on all the profiles, with a lag time of two to five months. Nevertheless, there are clear differences in the temperature depth profile patterns that can be accounted for by other factors. First, there is a greater influence of localized recharge; Guadalfeo River as opposed to diffuse recharge; irrigation return flow and rainfall. Three of the wells located near the riverbed of the Guadalfeo River have extremely variable temperature-depth profiles and show clear river influence. In springtime, during the highest flood stages of the river due to cold melt water from the Sierra Nevada, the groundwater falls in temperature. During secondary peaks in river flow rates during the autumn due to rainfall, the warm water increases groundwater temperature. The effect of the river recharge decreases with distance from the course since there is less mixing with water from the Guadalfeo River. In addition, there are two temperature-depth profiles in which temperature variations remain shallow and follow a pattern that cannot be attributed to the influence of either of the above two parameters. Among these two cases, the most influential factor is the groundwater flow pattern typical of a discharge zone, characterized by vertical-flow components. 相似文献
6.
The Kebilli region is located in the Southwestern part of Tunisia, and is characterized by the presence of deep and shallow geothermal systems (continental intercalary and complex terminal). Chemical and isotopic contents are used to classify the type and determine the origin of thermal water. An evaluation of reservoir temperature and a possible geothermal fluid mixing are also carried out. Both continental intercalary-deep aquifer and complex terminal-shallow aquifer are of Na–(Ca)–Cl–(SO4) mixed water type. The use of different geothermometers and the computation of saturation indexes for different solid phases suggests that the thermal reservoir temperature of the continental intercalary is between 92 and 105 °C, while the fluid temperature from the shallow complex terminal aquifer ranges from 50 to 75 °C. Also, the isotopic data indicates the old origin of all groundwater of Southwestern Tunisia. Mixing effects characterizing the continental intercalary and the complex terminal aquifers were identified using δ2H and δ18O relationship. It appears that the upward movement of thermal water from the deep aquifer to shallow ones is probably due to the abundant fractures in the research area. 相似文献
7.
为开发广西合山煤田地下热水资源,以水文地球化学方法为主,通过石英温标法估算地热储层温度,并推测地下热水循环深度,研究地下热水赋存规律。结果显示,合山煤田地下热水补给、径流和排泄受岩溶构造控制,以顺地层为主,穿层次之;接受大气降水入渗补给,水质为HCO3-Ca·Mg型;采用无蒸汽损失的石英温标法,估算热储层温度约80℃,识别出浅层地下水、浅层地下水与深部地下循环混合水和深部地下循环水3种类型;以井田内No.6钻孔数据为例,800 m孔深以下为深层地下循环水,其热储层温度为63.44~79.41℃,循环深度在2 541~2 704 m,与实际地层埋深相差较小,估算结果可信度较高;在1 400 m以浅,有望探寻到水温约50℃热水;合山煤田地下热水的偏硅酸、温度均达到医疗要求;三、四煤层热导率低,孔隙率小,为热储层良好盖层;四煤层底板合山组下段和茅口组溶隙发育,为良好热水储层。研究成果对煤田地热资源的开发利用前景预测有一定的探索意义。 相似文献
8.
泉域地下水数值模拟及泉流量动态变化预测 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本文对位于岩溶地区的小南海泉泉域地下水进行了数值模拟和水平衡分析，全面分析了降雨、河、渠、库地表水系入渗对地下水动态变化的影响，模拟了泉流量动态变化与区域地下水关系。在此基础上，分析了不同气候条件和开采方案对泉流量的影响。模型计算结果表明，小南海泉流量多年平均相对变化率与降雨量多年平均变化率基本一致，减少泉域地下水开采量，特别是矿坑排水可有效地增加枯期泉流量。 相似文献
9.
Bottom-hole temperature values from approximately 36,000 wells in Alberta. Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, have been used to study thermal gradients and heat flow density there. It is found that variations of heat flow density with depth occur throughout the Prairies basin. Differences in heat flow density exist between the Mesozoic + Cenozoic and Paleozoic sediments and are related to the hydrodynamics which is controlled by the topography. The heat flow density through the Mesozoic + Cenozoic of the upper part of the section is less than that in the Paleozoic formations of the lower part of the section in recharge areas, but greater in discharge areas. A zone in which heat flow is approximately constant with depth extends down the central part of the basin between the recharge and discharge areas. Heat flowdensity in this zone lies between 60 mW m?2 and 80 mW m?2 and is thought to be representative of the deep crustal heat flow density. It is suggested that temperature variations on the Precambrian basement that are not depth related may be associated with anomalous heat flow regimes in the lower crust. 相似文献
10.
水库拦沙对长江水沙态势变化的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为探讨水库建设对水沙变化态势的影响,通过引入来沙系数、输沙模数和流域水库调控系数,深入分析了长江水库拦沙对水沙态势变异的作用。长江干支流水沙参数与流域水库库容参数之间有重要关系,主要水文站年输沙量随流域累积库容增加而逐渐减少,来沙系数和输沙模数随流域水库调控系数成指数关系衰减,表明水库蓄水拦沙是长江水沙态势变异的主要因素。长江干支流输沙量衰减规律有一定差异,支流来沙系数和输沙模数衰减规律相对独立,而干流上游站衰减幅度大于下游水文站,且干流各站输沙模数的衰减规律比较接近。 相似文献
11.
辽宁盘锦新近系馆陶组地下热水埋藏较深,开发历史较早,但利用率较低。研究认为,该区地温场变化主要受地幔隆起相对程度控制;东西两侧幔隆带部位,地壳的厚度相对较薄,结晶岩基底埋藏浅,深部热能传导到储热层消耗能量少,地温及地温梯度值相对较高;中部幔凹带地温以中凸起最高,凹陷区相对较低。在地幔隆起的控制下,区内馆陶组地下水水温受储热层埋藏深度的影响,储热层的埋藏深度大,降低了热能向地表的散失速度,所以水温相对较高;反之,水温相对较低。地下水水温变化规律为：西部的谷坡区,受地下水径流影响,水温一般25℃～28℃,而凹陷区则为30℃～35℃;到中部隆起区水温升高到35℃～50℃;东部凹陷区为31℃～38℃,谷坡为29℃。深部上地幔幔源热源（岩浆热）构成本区生热层,经构造导热作用传输到储热层。最后指出,中央凸起区是该区馆陶组地下热水勘查开发的有利地区,重点开发应在温热水（I区）。 相似文献
12.
《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1987,51(4):857-867
The effects of reinjected waters on the physico-chemical characteristics of the fluids of the Larderello vapor-dominated geothermal field were monitored using deuterium and oxygen-18 as “natural” tracers. During and after reinjection, strong short-term variations of the isotopic composition of the steam were observed near the reinjection area. These variations were due mainly to mixing between the reinjected and ‘deep’ components. Large isotopic fractionations occur at depth during the evaporation of the reinjected water, and may affect the evaluation of the “recovered” fluid using a simple mixing model. Stable isotope and gas/steam ratios are closely correlated in the fluid collected in the monitored wells, in agreement with the hypothesis that an effective mixing process occurs at depth, accompanied by the formation of a liquid plume subjected to different degrees of evaporation. The non-linear correlation between isotope and gas/ steam ratios has been interpreted with a model where the deep areal chemical differences in the original fluids are modified by reinjection. 相似文献
13.
西藏羊八井地热田物探新成果研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
羊八井地热田的物探工作可分为两个阶段。前期以直流电法为主,辅以地面重、磁测量,目的是圈定浅层热储的空间范围。后期则为了满足勘查深部热储的需要,采用大地电磁测深、频率电磁测深、微地震、地噪声测量等方法,与重、磁、电测深资料及化探、地质资料相结合,进行综合研究,取得了一些新成果,进一步肯定热源应为深达10km以下的局部岩浆房;深层热储主要位于热田北区,赋存于花岗岩破碎裂隙带中,深度约为1000-3000m,已有钻孔证实温度可超过300℃;热田南区的浅层热储属次生热储,热流体主要来自北区深部,在向南东渗流过程中,有大量冷潜水混入,使之降低了温度,但增加了流量。 相似文献
14.
研究工作对完善区内高温地热系统成因机理和后期勘探及钻探工作提供一定的参考意义.为进一步研究贵德盆地地热资源赋存状态及热源来源,在充分了解贵德盆地地热地质条件的基础上,采集区内地热流体样品,进行水化学全分析和氢氧同位素分析,得到该区地热流体化学特征和氢氧同位素特征,估算了区内高温热田-扎仓寺热田的热储温度.分析结果表明:该区高温地下热水的水化学类型主要为SO4·Cl-Na型,低温水水化学类型较为复杂,主要为SO4-Na、SO4·HCO3-Na型;扎仓寺热田地下热水中Li+、F-、Sr2+、As3+与Cl-存在很好的正相关性,显示了相同的物质来源,SiO22-与Cl-极高的正相关性进一步验证了扎仓寺地热为深部热源;氢氧同位素数据都集中在当地大气降水线附近,说明地下热水主要为大气降水补给.选用合理的水文地球化学温标计算了扎仓寺热田的热储温度,并利用硅-焓模型分析了该热田地热流体中冷水混入比例及冷水混入前的热储温度,分析认为扎仓寺热田4 000 m以内存在两个热储层,第一热储层热储温度约为133 °C,热循环深度为1 800 m;第二热储层热储温度约为222 °C,热循环深度约为3 200 m. 相似文献
15.
16.
W. C. Liu W. B. Chen 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2013,10(2):251-260
This article presents the modeling of hydrothermal characteristics and suspended solids in a long and large-volume reservoir with a highly fluctuating water level. A laterally averaged two-dimensional hydrothermal and water quality model was configured for the Shihmen Reservoir in northern Taiwan. The model was validated with measured data of water surface elevation, water temperature, and concentration of suspended solids in 2006. The results show that the numerical model was able to reproduce the measured data. The validated model was then used to investigate the effects of water withdrawal schemes at different depths and to estimate the residence time in the reservoir. When water is withdrawn from a great depth, the relatively warm water from the upper layers can replace that in the deep layers, thereby facilitating heat transfer from the surface to the deeper layer. Bottom-water withdrawal results in a lower concentration of suspended solids compared with withdrawal from depths of 20 and 40 m. The simulated results show that the residence time is approximately 154 days in the Shihmen Reservoir. 相似文献
17.
鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田长6储层原油储量丰富,储层致密制约着油气的勘探开发潜力和评价精度.通过开展物性、粒度、铸体薄片、X衍射、扫描电镜、压汞等测试研究储层特征,以时间为主轴,综合成岩史、埋藏史、地热史、构造等因素,采用“成岩作用模拟”和“地质效应模拟”构建孔隙度演化模型及计算方法探讨致密储层成因机理.结果表明:储层经过较强的演化改造发育微-纳米孔喉系统,形成低孔特低孔-超低渗的致密砂岩储层.H53井长6段孔隙度演化史揭示了增孔和减孔因素对孔隙度及油气充注的影响;通过对比最大粒间孔面孔率、最大溶蚀面孔率、最大压实率、最大胶结率样品孔隙度演化路径和含油饱和度,查明了致密储层成因的差异及品质. 相似文献
18.
LI Chengze CHEN Guojun LI Chao TIAN Bing SUN Rui SU Long LU Yingxin WANG Lijuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):268-279
Qiongdongnan Basin has a tectonic geological background of high temperature and high pressure in a deep reservoir setting,with mantle-derived CO2.A water-rock reaction device was used under high temperature and high pressure conditions,in conjunction with scanning electron microscope(SEM)observations,to carry out an experimental study of the diagenetic reaction between sandstone at depth and CO2-rich fluid,which is of great significance for revealing the dissolution of deep clastic rock reservoirs and the developmental mechanism of secondary pores,promoting deep oil and gas exploration.In this study,the experimental scheme of the water-rock reaction system was designed according to the parameters of the diagenetic background of the deep sandstone reservoir in the Qiongdongnan Basin.Three groups of single mineral samples were prepared in this experiment,including K-feldspar samples,albite samples and calcite samples.Using CO2 as a reaction solution,a series of diagenetic reaction simulation experiments were carried out in a semi-closed high temperature and high pressure simulation system.A field emission scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to observe the microscopic appearance of the mineral samples after the water-rock reaction,the characteristics of dissolution under high temperature and high pressure,as well as the development of secondary pores.The experimental results showed that the CO2-rich fluid has an obvious dissolution effect on K-feldspar,albite and calcite under high temperature and high pressure.For the three minerals,the main temperature and pressure window for dissolution ranged from 150℃to 300℃and 45 MPa to 60 MPa.Scanning electron microscope observations revealed that the dissolution effect of K-feldspar is most obvious under conditions of 150℃and 45 MPa,in contrast to conditions of200℃and 50 MPa for albite and calcite.Through the comparative analysis of experimental conditions and procedures,a coupling effect occurred between the temperature and pressure change and the dissolution strength and calcite.Under high temperature and high pressure,pressure changed the solubility of CO2,furthermore,the dissolution effect and strength of the sandstone components were also affected.The experiment revealed that high temperature and high pressure conditions with CO2-rich fluid has a significant dissolution effect on aluminosilicate minerals and is conducive to the formation of secondary pores and effective reservoirs.Going forward with the above understanding has important implications for the promotion of deep oil and gas exploration. 相似文献
19.
在充分利用岩芯、录井、测井等相关资料的基础上,总结辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区沙河街组的沉积相类型,首次提出运用相对单因素综合作图法来绘制各沉积时期的沉积相平面图,综合探讨了沙河街组的沉积特征及空间沉积演化规律。结果表明：欢喜岭地区沙河街组主要发育扇三角洲相、湖底扇相、滨浅湖相和半深湖—深湖相4种沉积相类型;扇三角洲砂体为欢喜岭地区主要的储集砂体,在沙河街组沉积时期持续发育,主要发育于盆地缓坡部位;湖底扇主要发育在SQ3和SQ4沉积时期,主要分布在广阔的半深湖—深湖环境内;相对单因素综合作图法可以弥补传统的沉积相作图方法精度低的不足;沙河街组的沉积相垂向演化的旋回性明显,自下而上分为两个水进旋回,分别为SQ2～SQ5沉积时期和SQ6、SQ7沉积时期;每个水进旋回初期,盆地构造活动相对较弱,水体较浅,扇三角洲沉积广泛发育,湖底扇沉积规模较小;每个水进旋回中后期,盆地构造活动强度大,湖盆水体加深,扇三角洲规模减小,而湖底扇沉积规模明显扩大,形成非常有利的储集砂体,在研究区广泛发育,是研究区深层勘探的有利目标之一。 相似文献
20.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(1):1-17
Three geothermal systems, Montevago, Castellammare-Alcamo and Sciacca, are located along the main seismogenetic structures in Western Sicily. Concentrations of dissolved species including the gases CO2, N2, He and the results of stable isotope measurements δ18O, δD and δ13CTDIC in water samples collected from six thermal springs and 28 cold discharges were used to characterise their feeder aquifers and to reveal the relationships between water chemistry and regional seismicity. The Sciacca thermal springs differ chemically and isotopically from those of Montevago and the Castellammare-Alcamo areas. The inferred deep end-members of the thermal waters of Montevago and Castellammare-Alcamo are almost similar, suggesting that both systems are fed by carbonate waters and selenite waters. A slight contribution (1–3%) of seawater, during groundwater ascent it is also present. The Sciacca thermal springs are fed by a deep reservoir comprising a mixture of 50% carbonate water and 50% seawater. During ascent towards the surface, these waters interact with NaCl-rich evaporite layers. By combination of published and present data significant temporal variations of temperature and some chemical parameters in the thermal waters of Western Sicily have been recorded. These variations were mostly between 1966 and 1969. Although the data are discontinuous it is still possible to reveal a direct link between physico–chemical changes in the Acqua Pia and Terme Selinuntine springs and the 1968 Belice Valley earthquake. Within the studied springs, two kinds of geochemical behaviour have been recognised. The chemistry of the Montevago thermal springs was permanently changed in response to changes in the groundwater system. Water temperature and dissolved SO4, Cl, Na, and TDS showed minimum values before the earthquake and maximum values after the event. Almost constant values substantially higher than before, were recorded after the seismic event. Conversely, the temporal variations observed in the waters of the Terme Selinuntine spring, from 1965 to 1991, exhibit a transient increase most probably caused by a temporary contribution of deep CO2-rich fluids caused by the strain release during the 1968 earthquake. 相似文献