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1.
黔西南地区是中国西南低温成矿域中卡林型金矿最重要的矿化集中区,由于该地区金的粒径极小,难以构成自然重砂异常,故不能直接运用自然金矿物来指示寻找黔西南的卡林型金矿。在贵州省矿产资源潜力评价项目的工作过程中,对黔西南地区的自然重砂矿物特征进行了较为系统的研究,发现采用细粒黄铁矿(载金矿物)、砷矿物(伴生矿物)、锑矿物和汞矿物的自然重砂组(综)合异常对寻找黔西南地区的卡林型金矿具有一定的指导作用和找矿意义。 相似文献
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胶东牟平-乳山金矿带金青顶金矿碲化物矿物的特征及沉淀机制 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
通过光学显微镜、电子显微镜并结合能谱分析,在金青顶金矿Ⅱ号矿脉深部除含碲化物碲银矿、碲金银矿和碲铋矿外,首次发现碲金矿的存在,进一步证实了前人对于该矿床中存在碲金矿这一新矿物的推测,也打破了该金矿深部无碲金银矿的传统认识。这些碲化物呈连生体或者细脉状产于黄铁矿等硫化物、石英与黄铁矿裂隙中。在金银碲化物矿物中,Te含量变化较小,Au含量变化较大,与Ag呈负相关,与Bi为正相关。结合金-银-碲矿物成分-共生图解,对金银碲化物矿物的共生组合特征进行了研究。研究表明,Te总是优先与Ag结合形成碲银矿或碲金银矿,只有热液中Ag被消耗后才与Au结合形成碲金矿,最后Te被耗尽,矿液中残留很多的Au,从而形成自然金,说明随着成矿过程的演化,成矿热液可能逐渐富金,具体表现为碲银矿-碲金银矿-碲金矿-自然金的析出顺序。 相似文献
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本文研究了自然界从来未发现的金汞系列中的两种矿物 —暂定名为益阳矿(Au_3Hg)和汞自然金(α-Au_5Hg),从而填补了天然金-汞系列矿物的空白;还首次发现了铅金碲铋化物—暂定名为秦岭矿(Pb_2AuBiTe_2);在广东发现一种新产状的少见金矿物——黑铋金矿(Au_(1.995)Bi(1.000));并对河北东坪金矿的两种金矿物—AuTeO_3和Au_4Pb_3进行了初步研究。这些新发现引人注目,很具矿物学意义。现将几种金矿物的研究结果加以报导,供同行们参考。 相似文献
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自然界最常见的金矿物是金-银系列矿物。作者利用电子探针显微分析仪,对我国的金-银系列矿物进行研究,取得了较好的效果。本文着重介绍电子探针定量分析方法和对50个样品的研究成果。样品分别取自我国各主要产金区的不同类型金矿床。研究结果表明,金-银系列的各亚种矿物在我国均有产出,金的含量由98.18％至微量。自然银和金银矿较为少见,自然金和银金矿则是最主要的工业矿物,几乎每个金矿床的样品中都普遍存在,不同类型的样品,金矿物所含的微量元素也有差异。 相似文献
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在陕西潼关金矿床系统矿物学研究中,新发现了以下几种矿物。黑铋金矿 Au_2 Bi(一)地质产状本矿物产于石英—多金属硫化物型含金石英脉内的黄铁矿中,为铋—金固熔体出熔后中间产物形成之化合物。与之共生的矿物有自然铋、自然金、硫碲铋矿、辉铅铋矿等富 Bi 矿物类。(二)矿物特征1.物理特征黑铋金矿属等轴晶系。晶体呈板状,粒径一般为0.05—0.12mm。矿物具金属光泽,硬度小于3。2.光学特征 相似文献
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交梨汞、金矿床位于三丹成矿带上,汞矿体呈透镜状、扁豆状、脉状赋存于断裂破碎带上,合矿围岩为下奥陶统锅塘组一套斜坡相的粒屑灰岩。其中产于F1断层及其上盘的①、②号汞矿体中有金矿伴生,构成工业矿体。矿石矿物除辰砂外,还有黄铁矿、毒砂、闪锌矿、雄黄及自然金,偶见自然汞;脉石矿物为方解石、白云石重晶石、石英等,金以自然金属态及类质同位素形式分别含于玉髓和黄铁矿、毒砂等载金矿物中。矿体围蚀变强烈,与汞矿有关的蚀变有雄黄矿化、中强硅化、黄铁矿化、毒砂化及玉髓化（硅化）,与金矿化关系密切。汞、金矿的成矿地质条件优越,找矿潜力较大。 相似文献
7.
西藏尕尔穷铜金矿金矿物特征研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
尕尔穷铜金矿床是班公湖-怒江成矿带西段第一个达到详查程度的矽卡岩型铜金矿床。通过对矿床中金矿物的电子显微镜观察和扫描电镜能谱分析,查明了金矿物的类型及赋存状态,划分了成矿阶段。研究表明,金矿物有银-金矿物系列、铜-金矿物系列和少量碲化物类,主要有自然金、银金矿、金银矿、铜质金银矿、铜金矿、铜质银金矿和碲金银矿。金矿物主... 相似文献
8.
焦家金矿主矿区金矿石的赋存特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
焦家金矿带是莱州-招远金矿区最重要的金矿带之一,产状复杂且性状变化较大。以往研究主要针对矿物种类、载金矿物及其形状及嵌布关系等进行分析,缺乏对金粒矿物学、金矿物种类及金颗粒的成色研究。本文采用偏光/反光显微镜、体视显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等技术手段对焦家金矿主矿区深部开采的矿石样品进行分析,研究内容主要包括金赋存状态、金粒度、金形状、金矿物类型及不同大小金粒的成色特征。结果表明:载金矿物主要以黄铁矿、黄铜矿等硫化矿和石英、长石等脉石矿物为主。金赋存状态有裂隙金(64.82%)、包裹金(19.29%)、晶隙金(15.89%);黄铁矿、黄铜矿中金粒较大,连群分布占多数,脉石中金粒细小,孤立分布占多数。金矿物形状复杂,主要有球状金、三角形金、矩形金。金矿物种类丰富,以自然金、银金矿、自然银、含铁自然银为主,其次为金铜矿、螺硫银矿、碲化金银。金矿物粒度范围较大,大金颗粒可达到90~110 μm,小金颗粒只有2~3 μm。金银矿物的成色普遍较高,大粒金成色低,以银金矿为主,小粒金成色高,大都为自然金。本文丰富了焦家金矿矿物学研究的内容,为后续选冶工艺提供了调控依据和重要信息。 相似文献
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通过化学分析、扫描电镜以及工艺矿物学自动定量分析系统(MLA)等测试方法对河南嵩县下蒿坪金矿进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究,包括原矿化学组成、矿物组成、金的赋存状态、主要载金矿物嵌布特征以及矿物解离特性等。结果表明,该金矿中主要可回收的有价金属为金,其品位为3.75×10-6。该金矿的原矿矿物主要由石英、钾长石、钠长石、黄铁矿和铁白云石组成,此外还有少量的赤铁矿、萤石、白云石以及方解石。原矿中的金主要赋存在黄铁矿中,而黄铁矿大部分以细粒、微细粒形式嵌布在石英和长石颗粒中。原矿中自然金的含量非常少,多以单独的自然金颗粒形式存在。原矿磨至P80=0.074 mm(-0.074 mm粒级含量占80%)时载金矿物黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿的单体解离度相对较高,有利于通过浮选回收。 相似文献
11.
WILLIAM C. MAHANEY MICHAEL W. MILNER 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1998,27(2):140-152
Chemically inert and physically hard minerals, of which zircon is universally present and usually abundant, are minor but important components of glacial gold and tin placer deposits. Zircons and other much less common resistant minerals inflict major damage on light minerals, of which quartz is the dominant, chemically resistant member. Because of its sharpness inherited from a strong crystal morphology, and overall prismatic form, zircon is especially important as an abrasive mineral in glacial systems. Its chemically inert nature, its dominancc in terms of hardness over light minerals, and its abundance amongst other hard minerals makes it unique and important as a microstriator. Transported in a highly viscous glacial medium, it is capable of damaging other softer grains with aggressive crushing, chipping, striating, abrading and polishing processes. These occur in both coarse-grained gravelly sand and in fine-grained clayey silt matrices at the base of the icc. Zircon grains tend to serve many functions, initially as inclusion tools in larger feldspar grains and as 'studs' in quartzite grains. Wearing first on points, and later, following liberation, they assume a shape by honing, faceting and fracturing as tools and as grit that allows them to act as microstriators, inflicting damage on other particles in the basal ice. With a hardness of 7.5, lacking significant cleavage, and exhibiting strong crystal form. the finer-grained zircons appear to abrade and striate quartz (hardness 7.0). feldspars (hardness 6.0). garnets (hardness 6.5–7.5), and gold (hardness 2.5-3.0). A detailed study of Bolivian tills shows the dominant form of the zircon striator to be an elongate, pencil shape (euhedral polygonal prism with sharp, pyramidal terminations) that shows various degrees of abrasion, and ranges from wide grains with dull edges to narrow grains with sharp edges (typical pencil form). 相似文献
12.
黄铁矿载金的原因和特征 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
对102个金矿床载金矿物的统计表明,黄铁矿是最普遍最重要的载金矿物。造成黄铁矿成为主要载金矿物的原因,有三个矿物学方面的因素,即结构因素、成核因素和电化学因素。结构因素表现在黄铁矿晶体结构中存在对硫 ［S2］2－,对硫 形成过程中对金离子具还原效应。成核因素表现在自然金成核常选择原子排布与之最接近的黄铁矿表面为衬底,以降低成核能。电化学因素表现在黄铁矿的热电性导致金离子在其表面发生电化学反应而沉淀结晶。对黄铁矿载金能力的分析表明,细粒、它形、裂隙发育程度高、As和Sb含量高以及P型的黄铁矿载金能力高,自形黄铁矿中的{210}、S面{100}及其聚形晶的载金能力高。 相似文献
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对云南、海南、江西、湖北、河南、新疆、浙江、山东、辽宁等27个省185个典型金矿床的自然重砂矿物进行统计分析,发现自然重砂矿物对金矿具有良好的响应,自然金、黄铁矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿、白铅矿、辰砂等对寻找金矿具有指示意义。不同成因类型的金矿床反映出的自然重砂矿物组合不同,斑岩型金矿床的标型指示矿物组合为自然金+黄铁矿+方铅矿+重晶石+闪锌矿+白铅矿+金红石,卡林型—类卡林型金矿床的标型指示矿物组合为自然金+黄铁矿+方铅矿+辉锑矿+毒砂+雄(雌)黄,而造山型+矽卡岩型+热液型+构造蚀变岩型金矿床的标型指示矿物组合为自然金+黄铁矿+方铅矿+辰砂。不同区域的金矿床反映出的自然重砂矿物组合也各有差异,闪锌矿为南方各省金矿床的特征矿物,辰砂和白钨矿为北方地区金矿床的特征矿物,重晶石和白铅矿为西部地区金矿的特征矿物。综合研究认为,自然重砂具有直接找矿和指导找矿的作用,按照特定成因类型和区域金矿床所建立的自然重砂矿物组合对建立矿床找矿模型具有重要的意义。 相似文献
15.
陕西汞矿类型简介兼论金—汞矿床的找矿前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在综合归纳秦岭泥盆系多金属矿带特征的基础上,将陕西汞矿床划分为三种类型,即层控型、裂隙脉状型和伴生型;分析了金汞元素的矿物和地珠化学相似性,金汞矿床共生成矿特征,认为陕西境内秦岭地区是金—汞找矿的有利地区. 相似文献
16.
川西丹巴地区磨子沟金矿床金、银赋存状态及成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
磨子沟金矿床位于四川省丹巴县,大地构造位置位于扬子准地台西缘,松潘-甘孜造山带东缘,泥盆系危关组炭质千枚岩、板岩是主要的赋矿围岩。成矿过程分为沉积成矿期、热液成矿期和表生风化期,其中热液期是金的主要成矿期。通过显微镜观察,扫描电镜、电子探针成分分析,矿物晶体化学式计算等手段和方法,研究了矿床中Au、Ag的赋存状态和主要载金矿物的特征。金以裂隙金、包裹体金、粒间金为主,银主要以类质同像赋存于方铅矿和硫盐矿物中。载金矿物黄铁矿生物结构发育,表明生物成矿作用是金矿床形成过程中的重要作用。矿体受特定层位和断裂的控制,围岩蚀变强烈。根据矿床产出的大地构造环境、赋矿围岩特征、构造控矿、层位控矿、矿物共生特点等分析结果,丹巴磨子沟金矿床为沉积-热液改造型金矿床。 相似文献
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吉尔吉斯斯坦天山有着良好的金属矿产成矿条件,已发现众多的金属矿床,其优势矿种为铁、金、铜、锡、汞、锑、铅、锌8种矿产。在分析该国地质矿产资料的基础上,对吉尔吉斯斯坦造山带北中南天山优势矿产的时空分布和典型矿床进行研究,总结其区域成矿特征,研究了各成矿期的相应优势矿产岩浆作用、火山作用与矿产的关系、区域内成矿规律和区内成矿条件,探讨吉尔吉斯斯坦的找矿潜力。认为吉尔吉斯斯坦找矿还有很大潜力,金矿应在吉尔吉斯全境寻找,铁、铜、铅锌应在北、中天山加大探矿力度,钨、锡、汞、锑在南天山还有大的找矿远景。 相似文献
18.
A.V. Kutyrev E.G. Sidorov A.V. Antonov V.M. Chubarov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(8):935-944
In the alluvial deposits of the Prizhlimny Creek (southern part of the Koryak Highland), grains of platinum-group minerals are found along with gold. We have established that the grains are native platinum (Pt, Fe) containing Cu (up to 5 wt.%), Os (up to 8 wt.%), and Rh (up to 2 wt.%). Inclusions in the platinum are native osmium (the content of Ir impurity reaches 12 wt.%, the average content being 0.2–4 wt.%), an unnamed intermetallic compound of composition PtRh, sulfides and arsenides of PGE (cooperite, laurite, malanite, cuproiridsite, cuprorhodsite, sperrylite, hollingworthite, unnamed compounds PdS, (Ir,Ru)S2, (Ir,Pt)S2, Cu, and Fe (bornite, chalcopyrite), chromite, and Cr-magnetite. Replacement of native-osmium crystals by compound IrO2 is described. It has been established that this compound formed during oxidation accompanied by the replacement of isoferroplatinum by native platinum. The data obtained agree with the results of study of platinum-group mineral assemblages from placers localized in weakly eroded Ural–Alaskan-type massifs whose apical parts formed under high oxygen activity conditions. Clinopyroxenites of the Prizhimny massif are considered to be the potential source of PGE. 相似文献
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Gold and platinum group minerals from the gold placers of the South Urals are studied in order to identify the metal sources. In placers from the Main Uralian fault zone (MUF), the primary gold contains Ag (up to 29 wt.%), Cu (up to 2 wt.%) and Hg (up to 4 wt.%) and its fineness ranges from 538 to 997‰. Tetra-auricupride and cupriferous gold (up to 20 wt.% Cu) are common for the Nizhny Karabash placer of the MUF zone. In the eastern part of the South Urals, the placer gold is mainly characterized by high fineness of 900–1000‰ and low Cu contents (max 1.38 wt.%). Most of the placer gold grains consist of the primary domains, which are rimmed by secondary high-fineness gold with diffuse and clear boundaries. The secondary gold also develops along the shear dislocations of primary gold. Gold contains microinclusions of geerite, balkanite, chalcopyrite, Se-bearing galena, sphalerite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite and hematite.Twenty four (including five unnamed) platinum group minerals (PGMs) were found in 28 placers; those from the Kialim and Maly Iremel placers of the Miass placer zone were studied in details. In the Kialim placer, ruthenium is most abundant PGM, which hosts microinclusions of isoferroplatinum, ferroan platinum, laurite, cupriferous gold, a mineral similar in composition to tolovkite, heazlewoodite and unnamed RhSbS phase. The osmium contains microinclusions of erlichmanite and laurite. The iridium grains hosts various sulfides and arsenides of platinum group elements (PGEs). The inclusion-free PGMs form Ru compositional trend in contrast to Os–Ru trend of the Ir-depleted inclusion-hosted PGMs. The isoferroplatinum from the Maly Iremel placer hosts laurite, rhodarsenite, bowieite, a mineral similar in composition to miassite and unnamed sulfide of Pt (Pt1.11S2.00) and antimonide of Pd ((Pd2.41Rh0.43Fe0.17)3.01(Sb0.91Te0.09)1.00). Ruthenium is a host to isoferroplatinum, PGE sulfides and arsenides, and heazlewoodite. Osmium contains microinclusions of ferroan platinum; iridium is a host to a mineral similar in composition to hongshiite. Three types of PGM intergrowths were identified in the Maly Iremel samples: (1) the intergrowths of platy grains of ruthenium with isoferroplatinum and a mineral similar in composition to tulameenite; (2) the open-latticework intergrowths of platy crystals of ruthenium with interstitial aggregates made up of gold, isoferroplatinum and a mineral similar in composition to xingzhongite and (3) the intergrowths of osmium and irarsite and iridarsenite, which are developed along cleavage of the osmium grains. Nickel sulfides associated with some PGMs contain Ru (11.32 wt.%) and Rh (2.21 wt.%) in millerite and Ir (31.00 wt.%), Ru (5.81 wt.%) and Rh (2.87 wt.%) in vaesite.The primary metal sources were determined on the basis of the mineral assemblages and composition of minerals, taking into account the nearby mineral deposits and directions of rivers. The rodingite-associated gold, gold-bearing massive sulfide and chromite deposits are major sources of gold and PGMs in placers of the Miass placer zone confined to the MUF structure of the South Urals. In the southern part of this structure, gold was mainly originated from orogenic gold–sulfide deposits associated with volcanic/volcaniclastic rocks and listvenite-associated gold deposits. The placer PGMs were derived from the adjacent ultramafic massifs of ophiolitic origin. The distance between the placers and primary deposits varies from 2 to 5 km (up to 20 km in the extended valley of the Miass River). Usage of ore microinclusions and associated PGMs in study of placer gold is far more advanced than an ordinary consideration of gold composition alone. This approach allowed us to identify the concrete sources for individual placers and to predict some mineralogical findings in already known primary occurrences. 相似文献