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河西走廓最近一次强沙尘暴的调查分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
１９９６年５月２９－３１日在甘肃河西走廓又出现了一次强沙尘暴天气。从这次强沙尘暴和１９９３年“５．５”强沙尘暴的比较分析可知，春季在河西走廓周围易形成以沙漠为中心的高温低压区，与西西伯利亚向东南方向移植反高压冷气流形成明显的气压梯度，这就是大风的动力源。 相似文献
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黄土高原地区沙尘暴高发带的跃变现象 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对黄土高原地区沙尘暴日数与年降水量关系的分析表明,在黄土高原地区存在着一个原生沙尘暴带和一个次生沙尘暴带,后者是人类破坏植被、改变土地覆盖状况的结果。发现原生沙尘暴带与次生沙尘暴带之间存在着跃变现象,这一现象发生在年降水量为300 mm左右的地区。这表明,对于沙尘暴带的演化而言,年降水量为300 mm左右的地区是一个超常不稳定带。 相似文献
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宁夏和内蒙古阿拉善盟强沙尘暴危害及防治对策 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
本文论述了宁夏和内蒙古阿拉善明１９９３年４月２０－２３日和５月５－６日发生的强沙尘暴危害状况。起因和防治对策。引起沙尘暴的原因有自然因素－西伯利亚强冷空气南下向东南方向移动，大风席卷粗松的地面物质，和人类因素－不合理土地开发利用。目前自然因素尚难控制，防治沙尘暴的对策主要应放在调控人为因素方面，并以加强植被建设为重点，保护现有植被和增加植被覆盖度，以削弱风力和减少沙尘暴发生，提出了１０点建议措施。 相似文献
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对沙尘暴期间的近地表0.5 m、1.0 m、8.0 m和16 m的高频风速和温度进行了同步测量,风速和温度的测量频率均为50 Hz。结果表明,4月24日发生在民勤地区的沙尘暴的前2 h为特强沙尘暴,其后为沙尘暴阶段,且在24—27日的沙尘暴期间风速经历了3个增大、平稳和衰减的变化阶段。对第一阶段(24日19时至25日18时)的分析表明,特强沙尘暴期间温度的脉动强度明显增大,其变化原因是温度平流输送引起的,而在其后沙尘暴阶段,温度的均值和脉动强度的变化则基本上是辐射变化导致的。对温度脉动的概率密度计算结果表明,沙尘暴期间温度脉动服从高斯分布,说明它不受沙尘颗粒的影响;而温度脉动的谱分析表明,在低于1 Hz的频率范围内证实了浮力标度区的存在,当频率高于1 Hz时分析表明,夜间和正午的温度谱有明显区别。 相似文献
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适应性循环理论为地区发展路径和经济韧性演化研究提供了新的视角,但相关实证和案例研究仍需探索。本文基于适应性循环及区域经济韧性演化的因素和过程构建了环渤海地区经济韧性演化分异研究框架,在分析地区经济韧性时空演变特征的基础上,对地区经济韧性演化所处的适应性循环阶段进行判识,进而利用Weaver-Thomas模型对经济韧性演化的产业驱动力进行类型划分和机制分析。结果表明：(1)环渤海地区经济韧性变化较大,各省市之间差异大;北京、天津始终处于较高水平;研究时段前期,山东省的经济韧性水平低于辽宁省,后期高于辽宁省;河北省相对较为稳定。(2)环渤海地区各城市发展路径和经济韧性演化处于开发—维持、维持—释放、释放—重组等阶段;开发—维持阶段的城市集中分布在鲁西、冀南等地;维持—释放阶段的城市占比达到40%,分布在辽宁、冀北等地;处于释放—重组阶段的城市数量较少且分布相对分散。(3)地区经济韧性演化与产业结构演进以及适应性循环阶段具有协同演化的特征。产业构成及驱动以种植业和制造业为主的城市数量最多,其产业结构相对稳定,处于开发—维持阶段;产业构成及驱动以种植业和服务业、制造业和服务业等产业组合为主的城... 相似文献
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2010春季我国一次强沙尘暴过程分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
2010年3月18~23日,一次强沙尘暴天气过程先后影响了我国21个省(区、市),影响范围约282×104km2,2.7×108人口遭沙尘天气侵袭。通过应用NCEP/NCAR 2.5°×2.5°全球格点再分析资料,从沙尘暴爆发前后的天气形势、气象要素场的特征以及起沙和传输的动力机制等方面对这次沙尘暴过程进行初步分析。同时,利用每日空气污染指数资料和北京能见度资料,分析了沙尘暴期间全国空气污染物浓度的分布和北京地区能见度的变化。结果表明:这次沙尘天气分两个阶段,第一阶段为3月18~21日,第二阶段为3月21~23日,从影响范围及强度方面来说,第一阶段沙尘过程强于第二阶段。蒙古气旋强烈发展是引发此次沙尘暴的主要原因。沙尘暴基本沿西北到华北,华北到华南的路径传播。空气污染指数及能见度变化基本反映了此次沙尘暴的移动路径和强度变化。此次沙尘暴天气的沙尘源地位于蒙古国南部以及中国的新疆南部、东部和内蒙古中西部地区。由于热力和动力(涡度)两种因子的联合作用,使地面气旋一面向前移动,一面加深发展,高空槽因冷平流加深,并因涡度平流而向前移动。冷锋锋生加强,产生大风天气,是引发沙尘暴和推动沙尘长距离输送的动力因子。 相似文献
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内蒙古地区沙尘暴的分布特征 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
使用1995—2007年13 a内蒙古地区118个地面测站的沙尘暴、能见度、风速风向观测资料,确定了不同范围、不同强度沙尘暴标准,给出了特强、强、次强和弱沙尘暴日的个例谱;对地理分布、时间分布、气象要素分布特征进行分析。结果表明,近13 a内蒙古地区有5个沙尘暴多发中心,强和特强有两个高发区。年变化显著,1995年沙尘暴开始减少,1999年开始增加,2001年达到最多,之后开始减少,2003年沙尘暴次数最少,2004年开始呈波动增加趋势。在一年内,沙尘暴、强和特强沙尘暴集中出现在春季的3—5月,4月最多,沙尘暴下旬相对集中,上、下旬是大、小范围强和特强沙尘暴易发时段。3—5月,平均地面气温高于5 ℃,平均地面相对湿度低于40%的地区是沙尘暴多发区。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1984,36(1):106-142
Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1984,36(2):250-283
Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):85-89
Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS) 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1983,35(2):230-260
Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford . 相似文献
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Raanan Katzir 《寒旱区科学》2013,5(6):0767-0768
Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1987,39(1):85-94
Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS) 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1987,39(1):94-129
Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan. 相似文献
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