共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
《广东海洋大学学报》2014,(3)
以硫酸铜为铜源,在基础饲料中分别添加0、1、3、5、8、12和20 mg/kg的铜,配制出铜质量分数为1.2、2.1、3.9、6.2、9.0、13.4、20.5 mg/kg的7种实验饲料,投喂方斑东风螺(Babylonia areolata)8周,研究方斑东风螺对铜的需要量(养殖水体中铜质量浓度为2.91μg/L)。结果表明:饲料铜含量对方斑东风螺生长性能、饲料系数(FCR)和蛋白质效率(PER)影响无统计学意义(P0.05);螺软体部总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-ZnSOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和铜ATP转运酶(Cu-ATPase)活力随着饲料铜水平的增加而增加,分别在饲料铜水平为6.2、3.9、6.2和6.2 mg/kg达到最大值;饲料铜质量分数超过9.0 mg/kg时,螺软体部铜含量随着饲料铜水平的增加而增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),各组螺壳中铜含量差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。以总SOD、CAT和Cu-ZnSOD活力为指标,运用折线模型分析,得出方斑东风螺对铜的需要量分别为5.83、5.61和5.87 mg/kg。 相似文献
2.
分析一种较低脂肪、以海水动物蛋白原料为主的饲料的营养成分,以之饲喂方斑东风螺(Babyloniaareolata)154 d,研究该饲料对方斑东风螺的养殖效果。结果表明,饲料营养成分(干物质)质量分数为氨基酸41.8%,总糖24.7%,多糖9.43%,粗脂肪4.8%。用此饲料养殖方斑东风螺,增重速率0.18±0.06 g/d,壳增长速率200±0.70μm/d,生长速率比用鲜鱼鱼肉饲料的对照组略快,但没有显著差别(p>0.05);养成螺(干物质)氨基酸质量分数为68.8%,总糖为12.52%,多糖为2.60%,单糖成分以葡萄糖和甘露糖为主,粗脂肪质量分数为2.74%。所养殖螺继续用该配合饲料养殖,次年通过营养加强后作为亲螺,产卵量1.8±0.6万粒,卵的孵化率96%,比用鲜鱼鱼肉饲料的对照组均有显著提高(0.01相似文献
3.
在室内水泥池,利用沙层自净养殖模式和直接铺沙养殖模式对不同规格的方斑东风螺(Babylonia areolataLink)进行了高密度养殖的研究。结果表明,沙层自净养殖模式养殖小螺、中螺、大螺组日均增重分别为0.031、0.088、0.098 g/d,沙层NH4+-N最高含量w分别为1.3、2.1、3.1 mg/L,H2S最高含量w分别为0.03、0.07、0.14mg/L,各规格组东风螺保持正常生长和活动,成活率92.9%以上;直接铺沙养殖模式养殖小螺、中螺、大螺日均增重分别为:0.023、0.051、0.068 g/d,成活率分别为95.2%、86.7%、84.9%,沙层NH4+-N最高含量w达到13.7mg/L,H2S最高含量w达到0.47 mg/L,沙层底质恶化,东风螺活动异常、不摄食。可见,沙层自净养殖模式对方斑东风螺的生长、成活率、沙层水质控制效果显著,在一定程度上克服了直接铺沙养殖底质恶化问题。 相似文献
4.
《广东海洋大学学报》2017,(4)
在盐度29.5~30,p H 7.6~7.8、水温29~29.5℃条件下,投喂凡纳滨对虾、小黄鱼、太平洋牡蛎3种饵料30 d,研究不同饵料对方斑东风螺幼螺生长的影响。研究表明,投喂凡纳滨对虾的方斑东风螺幼螺生长最快,壳宽(9.41±0.72)mm,壳高(15.08±1.18)mm,体质量(0.61±0.13)g,特定生长率5.153%·d-1,均优于投喂小黄鱼和太平洋牡蛎处理组。 相似文献
5.
以鱼粉和酪蛋白为蛋白源,添加鱼油、豆油、α-马铃薯淀粉、纤维素以及适量的维生素和矿物质配制成实验饲料,蛋白质质量分数设置41%、47%、53%3个水平,能量设置12 561、14 655、16 748 kJ/kg 3个水平,饲养点带石斑鱼幼鱼59 d后,以增重率、蛋白质效率、饲料系数为评价指标,分析不同能量蛋白比的饲料对点带石斑鱼体内消化酶活性的影响。结果表明:当能量蛋白比分别为31.30、33.50、32.26 kJ/g时,点带石斑鱼增重率、蛋白质效率达到极大值,饲料系数达到极小值;能量蛋白比在31.62～35.54 kJ/g范围内,胃、肠道的蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性较强。点带石斑鱼幼鱼配合饲料中合适的能量蛋白比为31.62～33.50 kJ/g。 相似文献
6.
《广东海洋大学学报》2017,(6)
在以鱼粉、豆粕、棉籽粕和双低菜籽粕为蛋白源的实用饲料中分别添加植酸酶1 000 IU/kg和复合酶制剂400 mg/kg,饲喂初始体质量为(1.02±0.01)g的黄颡鱼稚鱼56 d,探讨外源酶制剂对稚鱼消化酶活性、消化率及粪便氮、磷含量的影响。结果表明:与对照组比较,二实验组稚鱼胃蛋白酶活性均高于对照组(P0.05),植酸酶组稚鱼肠道蛋白酶、胃淀粉酶活性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。植酸酶组稚鱼对饲料干物质、粗蛋白质、总能、灰分和磷表观消化率高于对照组,灰分和磷表观消化率也高于复合酶组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);复合酶组稚鱼对饲料粗脂肪、总能表观消化率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组稚鱼粪便氮含量与对照组均差异无统计学意义(P0.05);植酸酶组稚鱼粪便磷含量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在稚鱼实用饲料中添加植酸酶可提高消化道消化酶活性,提高其对饲料营养物质的表观消化率,减少粪便磷排放。 相似文献
7.
【目的】探讨高淀粉饲料中添加精氨酸对松浦镜鲤(CyprinuscarpioL.)肠道消化酶活性及肠道形态的影响。【方法】选用初始体质量(6.84±0.02)g的松浦镜鲤360尾,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复18尾鱼。实验饲料分为5组,分别在45%水平的高淀粉饲料中添加质量分数0%、0.6%、1.2%、1.8%、2.4%的精氨酸,实验周期为8周,进行肠道消化酶和形态的测定。【结果】前、中、后肠的淀粉酶活性,各组之间没有显著差异(P> 0.05);添加2.4%精氨酸组的前肠脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组(P <0.05),中肠和后肠的脂肪酶活性各组间没有显著差异(P>0.05);前、中、后肠蛋白酶活性随精氨酸添加量的增加而增加,添加1.8%和2.4%精氨酸组的前肠和中肠蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),添加2.4%精氨酸组后肠的蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。高淀粉饲料中添加Arg显著影响了肠道皱襞高度,但对肠绒毛宽度和肌层厚度没有显著影响。2.4%精氨酸组前肠皱襞高度显著高于其他各组(P <0.05),1.8%精氨酸组中肠和后肠皱襞高度显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。1.2%、1.8%和2.4%组肠体指数显著高于对照组(P <0.05),2.4%精氨酸组肠长指数显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。各组前、中、后肠肠绒毛密度没有显著差异,且排列较整齐。【结论】高淀粉饲料中添加1.8%~2.4%精氨酸可以增加松浦镜鲤肠道消化酶活性,同时改善了松浦镜鲤的肠道形态结构。 相似文献
8.
在凡纳滨对虾饲料中分别添加大黄0、0.5、1.0、5.0、10.0和20.0g/kg,研究大黄对凡纳滨对虾(初始体重为0.34±0.004g)生长及非特异性免疫指标的影响。结果表明,大黄对凡纳滨对虾成活率、增重率、特定生长率、饲料系数、蛋白质效率和蛋白质累积率的影响不显著(P>0.05),对全虾和尾肌肉的灰分、脂肪和粗蛋白含量影响显著,全虾的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量以1.0g/kg组最高(P<0.05),对凡纳滨对虾血清碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、酚氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶以及血清总蛋白量等的影响显著,溶菌酶活性以1.0g/kg组最高(P<0.05);细菌感染实验中以1.0g/kg组存活率最高(P<0.05)。以非特异性免疫反应指标及感染实验存活率为指标,凡纳滨对虾饲料中大黄的适宜添加量为1.0g/kg。 相似文献
9.
【目的】研究大豆酶解蛋白对幼虾生长性能、血清生化指标、非特异性免疫力和抗病力的影响。【方法】凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)基础饲料添加质量分数0(对照)、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%、3.0%、3.5%和4.0%大豆酶解蛋白,配制8种等氮等脂饲料,饲喂凡纳滨对虾幼虾56 d。【结果】1.5%组的增重率和特定生长率最高,显著高于2.0%—4.0%添加组(P0.05);1.0%和1.5%组全虾粗蛋白质含量高于对照组(P0.05),对照、1.0%和1.5%组蛋白质沉积率高于其他各组(P0.05);饲料中添加1.5%~4.0%大豆酶解蛋白可显著提高肌肉磷含量(P0.05),3.0%组最大;1.0%、1.5%和2.0%组血清胆固醇含量低于对照组(P0.05);饲料中添加1.5%~4.0%大豆酶解蛋白可显著提高血清中溶菌酶活性(P0.05),添加1.0%~3.0%大豆酶解蛋白可显著提高血清中酚氧化物酶活性(P0.05),2.5%和3.0%组血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性与1.0%和1.5%组血清中酸性磷酸酶活性高于对照组(P0.05),添加大豆酶解蛋白可显著提高血清中碱性磷酸酶活性(P0.05),2.5%组最大;哈维弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)攻毒7 d后,1.0%组累积死亡率最低。饲料中添加大豆酶解蛋白未提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能,添加剂量高于3.5%可导致生长性能下降,添加质量分数1.0%大豆酶解蛋白可明显提高凡纳滨对虾的抗病力。【结论】饲料中添加大豆酶解蛋白不能提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能,高于3.5%添加组的生长性能下降;添加质量分数1.0%大豆酶解蛋白可明显提高凡纳滨对虾的抗病力。 相似文献
10.
以2龄马氏珠母贝为材料,建立S1(对照组)、S2(术前处理后不插核)、S3(术前处理后插核)和S4(不做术前处理直接插核)四个试验组,每组500个个体。比较研究了术前处理和休养期间各组软体部干重和糖、脂肪、蛋白质含量的差异。试验结果如下:(1)术前处理后,S2和S3组软体部干重显著小于S1组(P<0.05);S2组短期休养后恢复到S1组水平;S3组在休养期结束后仍然显著小于S1组(P<0.05)。(2)插核后,S4组软体部干重显著小于S1组(P<0.05);休养20天后恢复到S1组水平;(3)术前处理后,S2和S3组的软体部糖、脂肪含量明显下降。(4)插核后,S4组的软体部糖、脂肪含量明显下降。(5)试验期间,各组蛋白质含量总体呈上升趋势。结果表明术前处理能够有效降低育珠贝的生理活性;术前处理的马氏珠母贝表现出补偿生长效应,并在营养限制或创伤后的恢复过程中,首先利用体内储存的糖原和脂肪。 相似文献
11.
WANG Weifang MAI Kangsen ZHANG Wenbing XU Wei AI Qinghui YAO Chunfeng LI Huitao 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(3)
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrates on triglyceride, cholesterol and fatty acid concentrations in abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Six semi-purified diets with different carbohydrates (dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch, wheat starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch, respectively), all containing a carbohydrate level of 33.5%, were fed to abalone (initial shell length: 29.98 mm±0.09 mm; initial weight. 3.42 g±0.02 g) for 24 weeks in a recirculation system. The results indicate that serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch and wheat starch than those fed with corn starch, and serum cholesterol concentrations were significantly (P<0.05)higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch. Fatty acid C20:4n-6 in the foot muscles were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin than those fed with wheat starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch. Fatty acid C20:4n-6 in hepatopancreas was significantly (P<0.05) lower in abalone fed with heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch. Fatty acid C22:6n-3 in the foot muscles were significantly (P< 0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin and heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with wheat starch and potato starch. 相似文献
12.
Weifang Wang Kangsen Mai Wenbing Zhang Wei Xu Qinghui Ai Chunfeng Yao Huitao Li 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(3):254-258
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrates on triglyceride, cholesterol and fatty acid concentrations
in abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Six semi-purified diets with different carbohydrates (dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch, wheat starch, corn starch,
tapioca starch and potato starch, respectively), all containing a carbohydrate level of 33.5%, were fed to abalone (initial
shell length: 29.98 mm ± 0.09 mm; initial weight: 3.42 g ± 0.02 g) for 24 weeks in a recirculation system. The results indicate
that serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch and wheat starch than those fed with corn starch,
and serum cholesterol concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch. Fatty acid C20:4n-6
in the foot muscles were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin than those fed with wheat starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch.
Fatty acid C20:4n-6 in hepatopancreas was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in abalone fed with heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch.
Fatty acid C22:6n-3 in the foot muscles were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin and heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with wheat starch and potato starch. 相似文献
13.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2015,(5)
A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary stachyose on the growth performance, digestive enzymes activities and intestinal structures of juvenile turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L). Five isonitrogenous(49.58% crude protein) and isolipidic(10.50% crude lipid) diets were formulated to contain 0(Control), 0.625%(S-0.625), 1.25%(S-1.25), 2.5%(S-2.5) and 5%(S-5) stachyose, respectively. With the increase of stachyose level, the growth performance and feed utilization of turbot, such as the specific growth rate, final mean body weight, weight gain rate and feed efficiency, increased significantly(P 0.05) and then stabilized. The feed intake of fish fed S-5 was significantly higher(P 0.05) than that of fish in other groups. The activities of trypsin, intestinal caseinolytic, stomach and intestinal amylase were significantly influenced by stachyose(P 0.05). The highest values of trypsin and intestinal caseinolytic activities were observed in group S-1.25, while the highest activity of stomach amylase and the lowest activity of intestine amylase were observed in group S-5. No lesion or damage was found on the distal intestine structures of fish from all treatments, while the height of simple folds in the distal intestine was significantly increased(P 0.05) when 1.25% or 2.5% stachyose was added in the diets. These results indicated that moderate level of stachyose(1.25%) improves the growth performance, feed utilization, digestive enzyme activities and the distal intestine structures of juvenile turbot. 相似文献
14.
【目的】探究不同碳水化合物与蛋白质水平配合饲料对光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)稚虫生长及体壁营养成分的影响。【方法】以碳水化合物/蛋白质质量分数分别为39.46%/20.67%(EG1组)、34.97%/24.02%(EG2组)、30.48%/27.37%(EG3组)、25.99%/30.72%(EG4组)和21.50%/34.07%(EG5组)的饲料,饲喂体质量为(2.45±0.40)g的光裸星虫稚虫12周,测定稚虫的生长指标及体壁一般营养成分及氨基酸组成。【结果】随着碳水化合物水平降低、蛋白质水平升高,各饲料组光裸星虫的增重率和特定生长率均呈先升后降的趋势,其中EG2组的增重率和特定生长率显著性高于其余4组(P<0.05);EG2组的存活率显著高于EG3组、EG5组(P<0.05),但与EG1组、EG4组差异不显著(P>0.05);不同碳水化合物蛋白质水平饲料会影响光裸星虫稚虫体壁的水分及其干物质的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、酪氨酸和精氨酸的含量(P<0.05),而各组的其他氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸总量、呈味氨基酸总量、氨基酸总量则差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】当饲料碳水化合物/蛋白质质量分数为34.97%/24.02%时,光裸星虫增重率和特定生长率最高,且不会影响其体壁的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量。 相似文献
15.
A 9-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio(CHO:LIP) on the growth performance and feed utilization of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus(initial body weight 8.75 g ± 0.04 g). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic low protein level(39%) diets were formulated with increasing ratios of dietary carbohydrate to lipid(2:18, 6:18, 18:12 and 28:6). A high protein level(50%) diet with the 2:12 ratio of carbohydrate to lipid was used as the control. Results showed that the survival rate, contents of moisture, crude protein and ash in muscle were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. With the dietary CHO:LIP ratio increased from 2:18 to 18:12, weight gain rate significantly increased(P < 0.05). Higher dietary CHO:LIP ratio(28:6) resulted in the significantly decreased weight gain rate(P < 0.05). Meanwhile, this treatment also resulted in the highest daily feed intake and liver glycogen content, as well as the lowest feed efficiency(P < 0.05). Muscle glycogen content in fish fed the diet with 2:12 or 2:18 CHO:LIP ratio was significantly lower than those fed with the other three diets(P < 0.05). The present results confirmed that the juvenile turbot can utilize carbohydrate. Furthermore, the appropriate ratio of dietary carbohydrate to lipid was important to the growth and feed utilization of turbot. The proper CHO:LIP ratio based on the growth performance in the present study was determined to be 18:12 when the dietary protein level was 39%. 相似文献
16.
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The aim of this study was to test the effects of including sweet potato tuber and stem powder in feed on the body composition and digestive enzyme activities... 相似文献
17.
温度对奥尼罗非鱼仔稚鱼生长、饲料利用和消化酶活力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了温度22、25、28、31和34℃下奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)仔稚鱼生长、饲料利用和消化酶活力。结果表明:1)不同温度对奥尼罗非鱼仔稚鱼生长有显著影响(P<0.05),温度为31℃时,仔稚鱼生长速度和绝对增重率最高,分别为0.08cm/d和0.035g/d;温度为22℃时最低,仅0.06cm/d和0.020g/d。2)饲料系数在28℃时最低,仅1.90;22和34℃时较高,达2.14和2.17,各组差异显著(P<0.05)。3)在仔稚鱼发育和存活率上,当温度在22～34℃时,温度越高,仔稚鱼发育越好;各组仔稚鱼的存活率介于93.7%～94.7%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)在消化酶活力上,胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力随温度升高而升高,均在34℃时活力最高;脂肪酶活力在31℃时达到最高,22℃时活力最低。 相似文献
18.
褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)与卤虫(Artemia franciscana)无节幼体分别以浓缩小球藻、深海鱼油和鱼肝油强化后,投喂龙虎斑(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂)仔稚鱼,研究不同强化剂对仔稚鱼生长、存活率、消化酶活力及体成分的影响。结果显示,3种强化剂强化后的生物饵料均可显著提高龙虎斑仔稚鱼的存活率、体长和体质量,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但对鱼体粗脂肪含量以及肠淀粉酶活力的影响无统计学意义(P0.05)。深海鱼油组仔稚鱼存活率最高,浓缩小球藻可以显著提高胃、肠蛋白酶活性和鱼体粗蛋白含量,各组差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而深海鱼油和鱼肝油可以显著提高肠脂肪酶活性(P0.05)。结果表明,3种强化剂各具优点,均可用于龙虎斑仔稚鱼生物饵料的强化,尤其以深海鱼油提高存活率最显著。 相似文献
19.
Juvenile silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus, was grown in culture tanks for 9 weeks on four different diets, and their effects on fish growth, digestive enzyme activity, and body composition were assessed. The feeding regime was as follows: Diet 1: fish meat; Diet 2: fish meat+artificial feed; Diet 3: fish meat+artificial feed+Agamaki clam meat; Diet 4: fish meat+artificial feed+Agamaki clam+copepods. The greatest weight gain was associated with Diet 4, while the lowest weight gain was associated with Diet 1. No significant difference was observed in weight gain between fish receiving Diet 2 and Diet 3. Specific growth rate followed similar trends as weight gain. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish fed Diet 1 was significantly higher than the other fish groups, but no significant differences were observed in FCRs of fish fed Diet 2, Diet 3 or Diet 4. There was also no significant difference in the hepatosomatic index (HSI) between the four diets. For fish that received Diets 2-4, containing artificial feed, higher protease activities were detected. A higher lipid content of the experimental diets also significantly increased lipase activities and body lipid content. No significant differences in amylase activity or body protein content were found between Diets 1-4. In conclusion, a variety of food components, including copepods and artificial feed, in the diet of silver pomfret significantly increased digestive enzyme activity and could improve growth performance. 相似文献