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广西滨海地貌特征及砂矿形成的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
广西滨海地貌,大体以饮州犀牛脚为界,东部以侵蚀一堆积的砂质夷平岸为主;西部则主要是微弱充填的曲折溺谷湾岸。滨海地貌与砂矿有直接关系。不同的地貌类型形成的砂矿床有所区别,一般砂矿床主要产于砂质海岸、沙坝—泻湖海岸、三角洲海岸内。生物海岸、泥质海岸不成矿。砂矿成矿与地貌形态相联的有海积的、冲积的、残积的、浅海的及混合的几种类型。砂矿的形成与富集多受地貌形态的控制。不同的地貌形态,砂矿富集的部位不一样,一般在沙堤的根部、海滩的高潮线附近、沿岸沙堤的上中部、水下沙坝的顶部和向海坡的上部,以及冲积平原的边缘地貌部位,容易形成砂矿和富集。区内滨海砂矿极其丰富,主要有北海白虎头玻璃石英砂矿床、江平澫尾锆石—钛铁砂矿床、巫头金红石—锆石砂矿床等。沿岸不同的砂矿种类与沉积物的粒级有不同的选择。钛铁砂矿产在中细砂—中粗砂中;玻璃石英砂矿产于中细至中粗级沉积物中。 相似文献
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钦州湾溺谷湾地貌,沉积与物质运移 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文系统地介绍了广西钦州湾溺谷湾地貌特征和沉积物类型分布。通过对海岸地貌成因类型和水动力条件分析，探讨了溺谷湾物质来源和运移趋势。 相似文献
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本文论述了广西沿海水动力条件和海岸地貌特点,以及在水动力条件和新构造运动的作用下,广西海岸地貌的塑造及演化过程;结合测年数据的综合分析,绘出了冰后期及全新世中期高海面时广西的古海岸位置。 相似文献
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中国海岸风沙地貌的类型及其分布规律 总被引：26，自引：1，他引：25
董玉祥 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2006,26(4):99-104
通过对我国海岸风沙地貌类型体系及其分布规律的分析总结,提出了一个包括2类、3亚类和13个三级形态类型的中国海岸风沙地貌分类体系,简要介绍了各类海岸风沙地貌的分布,总结了我国海岸风沙地貌的分布特点及其规律。结果表明,我国海岸风沙地貌具有分布范围广泛,规模较小且分布零散,分布地形多样,河口地区分布较集中,区域特征显著,类型与规模差异较大等特点,究其原因是由各地的沙源、气候与地势等海岸风沙地貌形成发育条件的差异造成。 相似文献
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本文通过山东半岛海岸地貌类型与沿岸波浪、潮汐发生学关系的对比分析,引入浪潮作用指数 K,K=2.5×(H/R),H 为平均波高,R 为平均潮差.K>1时,海岸地貌演变的动力以波浪作用为主,海岸极少发育潮汐叉道和落潮三角洲,但连岛坝发育较好;K<1时,海岸地貌演变的水动力以潮汐作用为主,落潮三角洲、潮汐叉道较发育;K 值接近于1时,发育潟湖等过渡海岸地貌类型. 相似文献
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地貌素描是地貌调查的一种重要方法，它能直观而又突出地表现典型地貌类型的特征形态和三维空间透视感。与摄影方法相比．地貌素描不受光线和摄影角度的限制，是外业摄影方法的一种补充手段。本文选取了作者多年来创作的部分典型海岸地貌素描图，较逼真地说明了海岸地质构造和地貌特点，阐述了地貌素描在海岸地貌调查中的作用。 相似文献
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地貌素描是地貌调查的一种重要方法，它能直观而又突出地表现典型地貌类型的特征形态和三维空间透视感。与摄影方法相比，地貌素措不受光线和摄影角度的限制，是外业摄影方法的一种补充手段。本文选取了作者多年来创作的部分典型海岸地貌素描图，较逼真地说明了海岸地质构造和地貌特点，阐述了地貌素描在海岸地貌调查中的作用。 相似文献
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华南珊瑚礁的海岸生物地貌过程 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
海岸生物地貌学研究海岸带生物过程和动力-沉积-地貌过程之间的双向相互作用，是海岸生态系统响应和反馈全球变化的重要机制，被列为全球变化核心项目海岸带陆海相互作用研究的重点内容。20世纪90年代以来对华南珊瑚礁热带生物海岸生物地貌过程的调查研究显示：①造礁石珊瑚的高生长率和珊瑚礁高堆积速率是珊瑚礁生物地貌过程的物质基础；②珊瑚礁海岸地貌结构分带性和生物地貌类型和动力地貌类型叠加并共存；③潮汐水位严格控制珊瑚礁群落分布格局并形成重要的生物地貌界限；④珊瑚礁海岸生物地貌过程有利于消除或减缓海平面上升的浸淹效应；⑤珊瑚礁海岸不断加剧的人类活动干扰和生态破坏导致生物地貌功能削弱和海岸资源环境恶化。急需加强珊瑚礁管理和保护。 相似文献
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山东威海滨海沙滩动力地貌特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过现场调查数据和动力地貌分析,探讨了山东威海滨海沙滩剖面形态及其动力学特征。将研究区砂质海岸地貌类型分为岬湾型、沙坝泻湖型2种,其中沙坝泻湖型又可分为沙坝型,沙咀型和连岛型3种亚型。在海岸地貌类型、海洋动力和人为因素影响下,研究区的沙滩形态表现出显著的差异。依据破波尺度参数ε的大小,研究区沙滩可分为反射型、沙坝-槽谷型、低潮阶地型和耗散型4种类型。沙滩开发利用和养护对策的制定,应该针对海岸地貌类型和沙滩形态而区别对待。 相似文献
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The probability of fractal determination of coastal types based on GIS is preliminarily discussed with China as an example. Finally, some significant conclusions are drawn: (1) The fractal dimension of coastline of the bedrock coast is larger than that of the plain coast on the same scale map; (2) As far as the bedrock coast is concerned, the larger fractal dimension of coastline of the bedrock coast on the same scale map indicates that the bedrock coast is probably not typical; (3) As far as the plain coast is concerned, the smaller fractal dimension of coastline of the plain coast on the same scale map indicates that it is probably the silt plain coast; (4) The different substantial compositions affect the fractal dimensions of coastlines of different coastal types. In general, the coast which lies in the north of the Hangzhou Bay consists of sand mainly, its surface is flat, and it is connected with the coastal plain, its landform is broad shoal, its total change is comparatively homogenous in the tidal dynamic process, and thus, the relatively smaller fractal dimension of coastline results from this. For the bedrock coast, there is more bedrock, the coastline is comparatively smooth and straight, being affected by the faults and ocean dynamic process, which result in the larger fractal dimension. 相似文献
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黄海海底地貌分区及地貌类型 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文通过多年来大量的实际调查资料,将黄海划分成北黄海海湾潮流脊与岛礁、山东半岛沿岸水下堆积岸坡及水下阶地、南黄海西部弱堆积侵蚀平原、旧黄河-古长江三角洲堆积平原、海峡等七个地貌区,它们都各具特有的地貌类型。北黄海和南黄海原为两个大型的山间盆地,尔后由于海侵、被大量沉积物充填,成为今日连成一体的黄海浅海平原。 相似文献
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山东省近海砂矿分类及其基本特征 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
根据砂矿产出的宏观海洋环境、矿种、形成时代、成矿作用和微地貌形态等要素,将山东省主要近海砂矿划分为2大类、13类、32亚类。初步探明具有工业价值的矿种有建筑用砂、石英砂、锆石、贝壳、球石、砂金等6个矿种,各类砂矿床约计86个。主要分布在莱州湾-荣成-青岛-岚山头一带的滨、浅海地区。近海砂矿资源将是山东省利用矿产资源的一个重要新领域。 相似文献
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High-resolution multi-beam/single-beam bathymetric data and seismic profiling data from the latest surveys are used to map and interpret the detailed seafloor geomorphology of the western region of the North Yellow Sea (NYS), China. The mapping area covers 156 410 km2, and incorporates a flat shelf plain, subaqueous accumulation shoals, tidal scouring troughs, and tidal sand ridge groups. Offshore areas with water depths less than 50 m in the western region of the NYS are mainly covered by thick, loose sediments, forming wide spread accumulation geomorphological features; these include the Liaodong Peninsula subaqueous accumulation system containing shoals and rugged scouring troughs, and the large mud wedge of the Shandong Peninsula. In the central part of the NYS, there is a relatively flat residual shelf plain with coarser sediment deposits. This flat shelf plain has a water depth larger than 50 m and a thin layer of sediment, on which there is a large pockmark field caused by seafloor seepage. These geomorphological structures indicate that modern sedimentary processes are the main driving force controlling the sculpture of the current seafloor surface landform. Extensive strong tidal current systems and abundant sediment sources provide the critical external forces and essential conditions for the formation of seafloor geomorphology. The tectonic basement controls the macroscopic morphological shape of the NYS, but is reflected very little in the seafloor geomorphic elements. Our results provide a detailed seafloor geomorphological map of the western region of the NYS, an area that has not previously mapped and also provide a scientific framework for further research into offshore seafloor geomorphology, shelf sedimentary processes, and submarine engineering construction in this region. 相似文献
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对取自台湾浅滩西北部福建东山岛外的浅钻ZK2孔进行了包括AMS14C测年、粒度、微体古生物、碎屑矿物和黏土矿物等分析.结果表明该孔地层中存在两个明显的海相层和其间的两个陆相层,顶部的海相层为全新世高海平面以来形成的被现代潮流作用改造的现代沉积和残留沉积混合体;底部陆相层为MIS4期低海平面时期形成的河流沉积;中间的细粒... 相似文献
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The Sardinian Graben System was a part of a NE-SW-oriented extensional basin, rotated counter-clockwise into a N-S-elongate basin, as consequence of the eastward migration of the Apennine orogenic front, in the western Mediterranean during the Neogene.Starting from the early Miocene, the Sardinian Graben was inundated by marine waters, turning progressively into a seaway, characterized by a tidal circulation as consequence of the connection between the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Paratethys Ocean to the east.In this work, we investigate an area located marginally to the mid-seaway, whose well-exposed volcaniclastic deposits record the local expression of a tidal amplification occurring in a coastal peripheral embayment of the wider Sardinian Seaway.The studied succession is ca. 140 m thick and includes three main units: (i) the 20-m-thick lowermost unit consists of fluvio-lacustrine sandstones and conglomerates belonging to lower delta-plain and delta-platform environments; (ii) the second unit is 60–70 m thick and includes heterolithic sandstones and mudstones, exhibiting a variety of tidal sedimentary structures, and lies on the previous deposits through a tidal ravinement surface; these two units are mostly volcaniclastic in composition, reflecting the dominance of a magmatic source over other extrabasinal components; (iii) the uppermost unit is ca. 50 m thick, erosionally overlies the previous deposits and is made up of shoreface sandstones and open-shelf mudstones, whose composition indicates even less volcaniclastic elements and the prevalence of other clastic alongshore-derived components.Based on the results of the facies analysis, the study succession is interpreted as the infill of an incised valley along the southern flank of a structural high. The valley was excavated during a phase of relative sea-level lowstand (Aquitanian?) preceding a subsequent stage of major transgression (Burdigalian). Initially, a fluvial system impinged the valley from the west favoring the progradation of a deltaic system in a shallow-marine embayment. During an early stage of transgression, the isolation of a part of this coastal area generated by the building of a barrier island, produced the onset of a tidal-flat sedimentation over the previous deposits. A late transgression occurred through the inundation of this coastal area by marine waters and the consequent back-stepping of beach-barrier and open-shelf strata.The sedimentological features of this stratigraphic succession indicate as this valley was filled in a tectonic setting with a high rate of accommodation, where the tidal influence progressively increased during sediment accumulation, possibly due to the marginal position respect to a wider tide-dominated marine conduit.The present paper thus: (i) documents for the first time a tidal signature in the lower Miocene strata of Sardinia; (ii) indicates new possible relationships with other, coeval seaway successions of the western and northern Mediterranean area; (iii) suggests constrains for palaeogeographic reconstructions; (iv) and throws the basis for future researches on the Sardinian Seaway. 相似文献
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基于SRTM3_DEM、RS数据分析,结合野外调查和前人研究结果,作者对莱州湾东岸临海冲积-海积小平原的地貌特征及地貌发育进行了研究。研究表明:研究区的海岸地貌结构存在横向上的沙坝-潟湖体系以及纵向上的连岛沙坝-潟湖系统;入海河流下游具有系统性的弯曲特征,其与横向上的沙坝-潟湖体系相对应,是自全新世中期以来海岸带陆海相互作用最显著的河流地貌标志;基于DEM的水文分析显示:研究区西部存在自南而北和自东向西的地势倾斜,王河流域与自东向西的王河下游古河道相对应,现今河道及古河道从DEM中以不同阈值提取的河网得到表达。 相似文献