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1.
Selection of bioindicators for monitoring marine environmental quality in the Bay of Fundy,Atlantic Canada 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Distribution of metals, PAH's and PCB's in lobsters, mussels, and sediments were used to assess marine environmental quality of the Bay of Fundy. This study demonstrates that the lobster (Homarus americanus) is a better bioindicator for monitoring contaminants in the marine environment and has a greater capacity for the uptake and accumulation of contaminants than the mussel (Mytilus edulis) and sediments. A definite pattern in the spatial distribution of lobster Cu, Cd, and Ag was evident. The distribution of organic contaminants for both mussels and lobsters in the Bay of Fundy lacked a spatial trend, and organic contaminants were undetectable in sediments from all sites. The Gulf Watch Programme, which monitors chemicals in mussels in the Bay of Fundy, did not indicate a problem with high levels of Cu, Cd, and Zn in the ecosystem. Analytes below the detection limit, such as in mussels and sediments, increase the difficulties of chemical analysis and detection for environmental monitoring. Deficiencies of mussels in monitoring the Bay of Fundy were discussed. 相似文献
2.
Mytilus galloprovincialis was used as a biomonitoring organism in Boka Kotorska Bay, a coastal transitional ecosystem in south-western Montenegro. Native mussels were collected in June 2008 at four sites thought to be differently impacted. Biological effects were investigated analysing both generic and specific biomarkers at cellular level (metallothionein content, lysosomal membrane stability, lipofuscin and neutral lipid accumulation, lysosomal structural changes). Trace element levels in mussels were quite low, only Cu and Zn exhibiting slight increases in the two sampling sites of Tivat Bay, the first one in front of a small working dockyard and the other in the water area of a former Naval dockyard. Mussels collected from these sites exhibited the highest values in neutral lipid and lysosomal volume density and the lowest neutral red retention times. Metallothionein content was always low, reflecting the minor body burden of the trace elements and suggesting a non-relevant environmental induction. 相似文献
3.
《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(5-12):326-333
Mytilus galloprovincialis was used as a biomonitoring organism in Boka Kotorska Bay, a coastal transitional ecosystem in south-western Montenegro. Native mussels were collected in June 2008 at four sites thought to be differently impacted. Biological effects were investigated analysing both generic and specific biomarkers at cellular level (metallothionein content, lysosomal membrane stability, lipofuscin and neutral lipid accumulation, lysosomal structural changes). Trace element levels in mussels were quite low, only Cu and Zn exhibiting slight increases in the two sampling sites of Tivat Bay, the first one in front of a small working dockyard and the other in the water area of a former Naval dockyard. Mussels collected from these sites exhibited the highest values in neutral lipid and lysosomal volume density and the lowest neutral red retention times. Metallothionein content was always low, reflecting the minor body burden of the trace elements and suggesting a non-relevant environmental induction. 相似文献
4.
Characterizing the effect of heavy metal contamination on marine mussels using metabolomics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Marine mussels (Mytilus) are widely used as bioindicators to measure pollution in marine environments. In this study, (1)H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analyses were used to differentiate mussel groups from a heavy metal-polluted area (Onsan Bay) and a clean area (Dokdo area). Principal component analysis and orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis revealed significant separation between extracts of mussels from Onsan Bay and from the Dokdo area. Organic osmolytes (betaine and taurine) and free amino acids (alanine, arginine, glutamine, phenylalanine, and threonine) were more highly accumulated in Onsan Bay mussels compared with Dokdo mussels. These results demonstrate that NMR-based metabolomics can be used as an efficient method for characterizing heavy metal contamination derived from polluted area compared to clean area and to identify metabolites related to environments that are contaminated with heavy metals. 相似文献
5.
O S Okay L Tolun F Telli-Karako? V Tüfek?i H Tüfek?i E Morko? 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(5):361-369
As a part of Marmara Sea, Izmit Bay (Turkey) has been one of the most polluted sites in the region for the last 25 years. On 17 August 1999, a powerful earthquake along the North Anatolian Fault struck the eastern part of the Marmara region including Izmit Bay. The earthquake destroyed many coastal cities. The Bay was also affected by the quake and subsequent fire in the refinery situated on the north-eastern coast of the Bay. Oceanographic characteristics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels of Izmit Bay (Marmara Sea) have been investigated to find out the degree of contamination. Seawater samples were collected at nine stations of the Bay in April and September 1999 and the results were compared with those obtained in the previous years (1984 and 1994). Monitoring data are presented for plant nutrients (nitrate + nitrate, ortho-phosphate and silicate), dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a. Surface sediments and mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, have been analysed for total PAH (T-PAH) contents in April and September 1999 (before and after the Marmara Earthquake) for the samples collected from eight coastal stations of the Bay. Biomarker (Lysosomal stability and feeding rate) studies at three different sites of the Bay have also been performed to investigate the effect of pollution on mussels. Nitrate + nitrite levels in the upper layer of the eastern part of the Bay increased significantly compared to those measured before the earthquake. Of the samples analysed, the highest o-phosphate concentrations were found in September 1999 in the bottom waters of the Bay. The concentration of chlorophyll a reached its minimum value of the last 15 years. Dissolved oxygen decreased dramatically from 1984 to 1999. Total PAH concentrations measured in April 1999 at both offshore and coastal sites of the Bay were more or less the same (2 micrograms l-1). The subsequent fire after the earthquake caused an increase in the total PAH levels in water column, in sediment and in mussels. Seawater total PAH concentrations ranged between 3.5 and 11 micrograms l-1 at open coast stations and 5-17.5 micrograms l-1 at coastal stations in September 1999. A 2- to 3-fold increase in sediment PAH concentrations (200-5220 mg kg-1 dry weight) was detected after the earthquake. This increase was much more significant in the sediments located around the refinery. More contaminated mussels were detected around the refinery area (110-170 mg kg-1 dry weight). Overall, sediment and mussel PAH concentrations in Izmit Bay are much higher than those found in the other marine systems. In general, the feeding rate and the neutral red retention times of the mussels decreased in some sites of the Bay after the earthquake, but no direct correlation could be detected between the body burden of mussels and biomarkers or between the two biomarker techniques. 相似文献
6.
Tsutsumi S Yamaguchi Y Nishida I Akiyama K Zakaria MP Takada H 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,45(1-12):325-331
Alkylbenzenes, molecular markers of sewage, were measured in 34 green mussels collected from India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and the Philippines together with blue mussels collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan. Linear alkylbenzene (LAB) concentrations in South and South East Asian countries ranged from 10 to 1640 ng-∑LAB/g-dry tissue. In some populous cities, LAB concentrations were similar or higher than those found in northern Tokyo Bay which is heavily impacted by sewage effluents. I/E ratios (a ratio of internal to external isomers of LABs) in the South and South East Asian countries (1–3) were much lower than those in Tokyo Bay (3–8), indicating sewage discharged in the coastal zone is poorly treated (e.g., raw sewage and/or primary effluents). Alkylbenzenes with branched alkyl chains, tetrapropylene-based alkylbenzenes, were also detected in mussels from Indonesia and Philippines. This “tell-tale” sign indicates that poorly degradable detergents are still in use in this area, although they have long been phased-out in many industrialized countries. 相似文献
7.
Organotin compounds (tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), monobutyltin (MBT), triphenyltin (TPT), diphenyltin (DPT), and monophenyltin (MPT)) were quantified in blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, in 1989 at 26 wharves along Tokyo Bay. Organotin compounds, other than DPT, were detected in all mussel samples (in case of DPT: 23 of 26). The concentration of DBT was highest among butyltin compounds and that of TPT was highest among phenyltin compounds. The results showed that relatively high concentrations of organotin compounds persist in blue mussels of Tokyo Bay, although the use of the paints containing these compounds has been limited for several years by regulations. 相似文献
8.
Barsiene J Schiedek D Rybakovas A Syvokiene J Kopecka J Förlin L 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,53(8-9):469-478
Frequency of micronuclei (MN) and other nuclear abnormalities (nuclear buds, bi-nucleated and fragmented-apoptotic cells) was analysed in gill cells of the blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) from selected coastal sites in the Baltic Sea--Kv?d?fj?rden (Sweden), Klaipeda-Būtinge zone (Lithuania), Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) and Wismar Bay (Germany). Samples were collected from 650 specimens during bi-annual sampling campaigns in 2001 and 2002. The lowest frequency of MN (0.37 MN/1000 cells) was found in blue mussels from the reference site (Kv?d?fj?rden). The highest MN values (up to 6.7 MN/1000 cells) were registered in blue mussels from the Gulf of Gdansk in autumn 2001 and 2002, and at Wismar Bay in spring 2001 (up to 5.06 MN/1000 cells). Gradients of MN incidences were observed when comparing the three studied locations in Wismar Bay, and at the Lithuanian coast before the crude oil spill in the Būtinge oil terminal. Moreover, significant seasonal and inter-location differences in the responses were documented (P<0.0001). Nuclear abnormalities were observed most frequently in blue mussels from the Gulf of Gdansk. 相似文献
9.
Mussel Watch techniques were used to measure the concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons, synthetic organic hydrocarbons, and trace metals in a preliminary study of the Monterey Bay area in central California. Resident mussels were found to have higher-than-expected petroleum hydrocarbon body burdens in Carmel Bay, an area thought to be relatively contaminant free. A ‘hot spot’ of PCB 1254 and pp′DDE was measured at Año Nueuvo Island, a site previously recognized because of elevated levels of mercury in mussels. PCB 1254 concentrations at Año Nuevo Island were high in relation to the remainder of coastal United States and Baja California, reflecting entrainment of this compound at a biologically active area. The Monterey Harbor Jetty location showed the highest contamination levels for zinc and lead. In fact, this location has the second highest lead concentrations in mussels for the California coast. Biological cycling of certain compounds (PCB, DDT and mercury) in remote locations such as Año Nuevo Island, is hypothesized as a mechanism for these elevated concentrations in mussels. Levels of other synthetic organic hydrocarbons were generally low, with chlordanes showing higher concentrations in the more urbanized locations of the study area, i.e. the Monterey Harbor Jetty. 相似文献
10.
Due to their close proximity to the point sources of pollution, estuaries and harbours are exposed to metals. Mussels are used worldwide to monitor marine pollution due to their ability to take up contaminants and the ease of transplantation. Mussels were collected from two reference sites and transplanted in Richards Bay Harbour (2006 and 2010) and in three harbours. Transplanted and resident mussels were removed after 6 weeks exposure and metal concentrations were analysed using ICP-MS techniques. Transplanted mussels had higher metal concentrations than the resident mussels. This was attributed to regulation of metals by the resident mussels. Metal regulation was greater in mussels that are continuously submerged as opposed to those that undergo tidal influences. For monitoring it is essential that the reference population for transplantation is considered carefully as upwelling events in the pristine reference location results in significant increases in metal bioaccumulation. 相似文献
11.
The concentration of synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbons has been monitored in mussels collected on the north-west Mediterranean coast. DDT and PCB contamination is widespread in this region and the results suggest that the mussels are directly exposed to DDT. Seasonal changes in fat content of the mussels and the (unknown) rates of chlorinated hydrocarbon accumulation and excretion make the detailed interpretation of data difficult and limit the value of mussels as bio-indicators of pollution. 相似文献
12.
N. Coleman 《Marine pollution bulletin》1980,11(12):359-362
Comparisons were made of cadmium accumulation by continually immersed and by alternately immersed and emersed mussels. Mussels subjected to emersion accumulated significantly less cadmium than continually immersed mussels did, but differences in accumulation were not related solely to differences in the time spent immersed. The experimental results also cast doubts on the soundness of using LC50 data and application factors in setting water quality standards. 相似文献
13.
During 1999, a biological monitoring study was conducted at four sites along the Ligurian coast (Cornigliano, Voltri, Vado Ligure and Sanremo). At each site the concentration and composition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were investigated in native and caged mussels. The mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), sampled in the Spring and the Autumn, showed different accumulation patterns according to the source of pollution they were exposed to. The PAH concentrations were higher in the native than in the caged mussels. The coastal sites were classified according to PAH concentrations found in mussel tissue samples: Native mussels: Vado Ligure < Voltri < San-remo < = Cornigliano, Caged mussels: Vado Ligure = Voltri = San-remo < Cornigliano. The different classification is explained by the different location of the organisms: native mussels were located near the air-water interface, while caged mussels were situated at -3 m from the water surface. The PAH concentrations in the native and caged mussels showed a similar seasonal variability, and can provide the same information about the sources of PAHs. 相似文献
14.
Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn concentration in the organs (muscle, gonads, mantle, gills, digestive gland, kidney) of mussel Modiolus modiolus was studied. Mussels were collected from shelf upwelling sites of Kuril Is. Sea of Okhotsk (104 and 85 m) and, for comparison, coastal high contaminated and clean sites (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan). It was found that mussels from shelf upwelling regions accumulated unusually high Cd concentration in studied organs, excepting digestive gland. Shelf mussels have evolved passive adaptation to elevated level of ambient heavy metals (distribution of heavy metal load between all organs, especially, muscle). In contrast, mussels from high contaminated sites have evolved active adaptation (strong regulation of metal concentration in the organs at the maximal permissible concentration due to increased kidney function). We supported that under natural condition, passive adaptation of aquatic organisms to increased ambient metal level have been evolved only under constant low-water temperature. 相似文献
15.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments and mussel tissues from Hong Kong marine waters 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
Liu Y Zheng GJ Yu H Martin M Richardson BJ Lam MH Lam PK 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(11):1173-1184
Sediments and green-lipped mussels, Perna viridis, were used to investigate concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Hong Kong's marine environment. PBDEs have been used extensively over the past two decades as flame retardants in polymer additives for a variety of plastics, computers, furniture, building materials, and fabrics. Many measurements of PBDEs in various environmental matrices have been reported from Belgium, Holland, Japan, Europe and North America, but few measurements are available for the southeast Asian region and Hong Kong. PBDE congeners (n=15) were measured in 13 sediments and nine mussel samples, taken from Hong Kong marine waters. The Sigma15PBDEs in sediments ranged between 1.7 and 53.6 ng g(-1) dry wt, with the highest concentrations located around the most heavily populated areas of Victoria Harbour and Sai Kung, while the lowest concentrations of Sigma15PBDEs were found at more remote locations of Sha Tau Kok, Wong Chuk Bay, Castle Peak Bay, and Gold Coast. Sigma15PBDEs ranged from 27.0 to 83.7 ng g(-1) dry wt of mussel tissues. Although not identical, most of the congeners in sediments were found in mussel tissues, with BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153 and BDE-183 being the most prominent in both matrices. On the basis of a literature survey, the concentrations of PBDEs reported in Hong Kong sediments and mussel tissues are amongst the highest in the world. 相似文献
16.
The influence of diet on comparative metal accumulation was investigated using a predatory muricid gastropod Thais clavigera. Individuals were fed for up to 56 days on either barnacles, i.e., Tetraclita squamosa, or mussels, i.e., Perna viridis, collected from metal-contaminated and clean sites. Barnacles and mussels have contrasting metal handling strategies and, therefore, different body concentrations, intracellular distributions and detoxification systems. Field collection of prey items that accumulated body metal concentrations over a lifetime of exposure allowed bioavailability to the predator, T. clavigera, to be assessed naturally, which may not be the case for prey exposed to metals for a short time in the laboratory. T. clavigera that was fed cadmium- and copper-contaminated barnacles or mussels ingested significantly greater amounts compared to those fed conspecifics collected from clean locations. T. clavigera body cadmium and copper concentrations were not, however, significantly different between individuals fed either contaminated or clean prey. Amount of zinc ingested was similar in mussels collected from clean and contaminated environments but much less when compared to the barnacle prey. The body concentrations of zinc in T. clavigera fed mussels collected from both sites fell. In contrast, the amount of zinc ingested from barnacle prey was significantly greater from those collected from the metal-contaminated site as compared to the clean one. This was reflected as significantly greater body zinc concentrations in T. clavigera fed contaminated barnacles compared to those fed clean individuals. Copper and zinc accumulation from prey was, therefore, complex. It varied between metal and between prey type, but appeared to be related to the amount ingested and the metal handling strategy of the prey. 相似文献
17.
A coastal survey in the northwestern Mediterranean region was initiated to measure existing levels of selected trace metals in mussels. For most metals the highest values were found in samples from port cities and areas in the vicinity of river discharge. Marked seasonal variation for many metals was evident; an overall increase in metal concentration in mussels from most stations during March 1974 was attributed to high precipitation and attendant run-off rather than to local pollution. Data comparison indicates that average metal levels in northwestern Mediterranean mussels do not differ markedly from those measured in similar species from different localities throughout the world. 相似文献
18.
The effects of depuration, size and sex on the concentrations of Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd were determined for gonadal and somatic tissues of Mytilus edulis from Yaquina Bay, Oregon. After depuration, Mn levels decreased significantly in both tissues while Cu and Ni concentrations increased in somatic tissues. The latter finding may have been associated with a stress response manifested by the appearance of new byssal threads and attachment to the vessel. Larger, and presumably older, mussels contained higher concentrations of Ni, Cu and Cd in their somatic tissues while smaller animals had greater somatic levels of Mn. There were no significant differences in gonad concentrations between the two size groups. Manganese and Zn levels were greater in the gonads of female mussels and Cd was more concentrated in the somatic tissues of females. 相似文献
19.
High levels of lead and zinc have been measured in the California Mussel Mytilus californianus taken from southern Monterey Bay as part of the California State Mussel Watch programme. The levels of lead and zinc increase steadily from Cypress Point towards Cannery Row. The California State Water Resources Control Board (which funded but did not conduct the State Mussel Watch) has attributed the high levels to heavy metals contributed by sewage. The state mussel watch data reports have not considered the historic canning wastes from more than 30 canneries along Cannery Row as a possible source of trace metals. Leachates from old cannery wastes may be a major source of lead and zinc in mussels in southern Monterey Bay and must be considered in assessing any data from the State Mussel Watch programme. 相似文献
20.
PCBs accumulate in seaweeds. This survey of concentrations found in fixed algae around the Firth of Clyde reveals a similar pattern of PCB distribution to that found in mussels. 相似文献