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1.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite differential code bias (DCB) should be precisely calibrated when obtaining ionospheric slant total electron content (TEC). So far, it is ground-based GPS observations that have been used to estimate GPS satellite DCB. With the increased Low Earth Orbit (LEO) missions in the near future, the real-time satellite DCB estimation is a crucial factor in real-time LEO GPS data applications. One alternative way is estimating GPS DCB based on the LEO observations themselves, instead of using ground observations. We propose an approach to estimate the satellite DCB based on Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) and Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) GPS observations during the years 2002–2012. The results have been validated through comparisons with those issued by Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE). The evaluations indicate that: The approach can estimate satellite DCB in a reasonable way; the DCB estimated based on CHAMP observations is much better than those on COSMIC observations; the accuracy and precision of DCB show a possible dependency on the ionospheric ionization level. This method is significance for the real-time processing of LEO-based GNSS TEC data from the perspective of real-time applications. 相似文献
2.
M_DCB: Matlab code for estimating GNSS satellite and receiver differential code biases 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have been widely used to monitor variations in the earth’s ionosphere by estimating total electron content (TEC) using dual-frequency observations. Differential code biases (DCBs) are one of the important error sources in estimating precise TEC from GNSS data. The International GNSS Service (IGS) Analysis Centers have routinely provided DCB estimates for GNSS satellites and IGS ground receivers, but the DCBs for regional and local network receivers are not provided. Furthermore, the DCB values of GNSS satellites or receivers are assumed to be constant over 1?day or 1?month, which is not always the case. We describe Matlab code to estimate GNSS satellite and receiver DCBs for time intervals from hours to days; the software is called M_DCB. The DCBs of GNSS satellites and ground receivers are tested and evaluated using data from the IGS GNSS network. The estimates from M_DCB show good agreement with the IGS Analysis Centers with a mean difference of less than 0.7?ns and an RMS of less than 0.4?ns, even for a single station DCB estimate. 相似文献
3.
The Global Navigation Satellite System presents a plausible and cost-effective way of computing the total electron content (TEC). But TEC estimated value could be seriously affected by the differential code biases (DCB) of frequency-dependent satellites and receivers. Unlike GPS and other satellite systems, GLONASS adopts a frequency-division multiplexing access mode to distinguish different satellites. This strategy leads to different wavelengths and inter-frequency biases (IFBs) for both pseudo-range and carrier phase observations, whose impacts are rarely considered in ionospheric modeling. We obtained observations from four groups of co-stations to analyze the characteristics of the GLONASS receiver P1P2 pseudo-range IFB with a double-difference method. The results showed that the GLONASS P1P2 pseudo-range IFB remained stable for a period of time and could catch up to several meters, which cannot be absorbed by the receiver DCB during ionospheric modeling. Given the characteristics of the GLONASS P1P2 pseudo-range IFB, we proposed a two-step ionosphere modeling method with the priori IFB information. The experimental analysis showed that the new algorithm can effectively eliminate the adverse effects on ionospheric model and hardware delay parameters estimation in different space environments. During high solar activity period, compared to the traditional GPS + GLONASS modeling algorithm, the absolute average deviation of TEC decreased from 2.17 to 2.07 TECu (TEC unit); simultaneously, the average RMS of GPS satellite DCB decreased from 0.225 to 0.219 ns, and the average deviation of GLONASS satellite DCB decreased from 0.253 to 0.113 ns with a great improvement in over 55%. 相似文献
4.
Determining receiver biases in GPS-derived total electron content in the auroral oval and polar cap region using ionosonde measurements 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
David R. Themens P. T. Jayachandran R. B. Langley J. W. MacDougall M. J. Nicolls 《GPS Solutions》2013,17(3):357-369
Global Positioning System (GPS) total electron content (TEC) measurements, although highly precise, are often rendered inaccurate due to satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs). Calculated satellite DCB values are now available from a variety of sources, but receiver DCBs generally remain an undertaking of receiver operators and processing centers. A procedure for removing these receiver DCBs from GPS-derived ionospheric TEC at high latitudes, using Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde (CADI) measurements, is presented. Here, we will test the applicability of common numerical methods for estimating receiver DCBs in high-latitude regions and compare our CADI-calibrated GPS vertical TEC (vTEC) measurements to corresponding International GNSS Service IONEX-interpolated vTEC map data. We demonstrate that the bias values determined using the CADI method are largely independent of the topside model (exponential, Epstein, and α-Chapman) used. We further confirm our results via comparing bias-calibrated GPS vTEC with those derived from incoherent scatter radar (ISR) measurements. These CADI method results are found to be within 1.0 TEC units (TECU) of ISR measurements. The numerical methods tested demonstrate agreement varying from within 1.6 TECU to in excess of 6.0 TECU when compared to ISR measurements. 相似文献
5.
Is the long-term variation of the estimated GPS differential code biases associated with ionospheric variability? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The global positioning system (GPS) differential code biases (DCB) provided by the International GNSS Service (IGS) show solar-cycle-like variation during 2002–2013. This study is to examine whether this variation of the GPS DCBs is associated with ionospheric variability. The GPS observations from low earth orbit (LEO) satellites including CHAMP, GRACE and Jason-1 are used to address this issue. The GPS DCBs estimated from the LEO-based observations at different orbit altitudes show a similar tendency as the IGS DCBs. However, this solar-cycle-like dependency is eliminated when the DCBs of 13 continuously operating GPS satellites are constrained to zero-mean. Our results thus revealed that ionospheric variation is not responsible for the long-term variation of the GPS DCBs. Instead, it is attributed to the GPS satellite replacement with different satellite types and the zero-mean condition imposed on all satellite DCBs. 相似文献
6.
Estimation and analysis of Galileo differential code biases 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Min Li Yunbin Yuan Ningbo Wang Zishen Li Ying Li Xingliang Huo 《Journal of Geodesy》2017,91(3):279-293
When sensing the Earth’s ionosphere using dual-frequency pseudorange observations of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), the satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs) account for one of the main sources of error. For the Galileo system, limited knowledge is available about the determination and characteristic analysis of the satellite and receiver DCBs. To better understand the characteristics of satellite and receiver DCBs of Galileo, the IGGDCB (IGG, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Wuhan, China) method is extended to estimate the satellite and receiver DCBs of Galileo, with the combined use of GPS and Galileo observations. The experimental data were collected from the Multi-GNSS Experiment network, covering the period of 2013–2015. The stability of both Galileo satellite and receiver DCBs over a time period of 36 months was thereby analyzed for the current state of the Galileo system. Good agreement of Galileo satellite DCBs is found between the IGGDCB-based DCB estimates and those from the German Aerospace Center (DLR), at the level of 0.22 ns. Moreover, high-level stability of the Galileo satellite DCB estimates is obtained over the selected time span (less than 0.25 ns in terms of standard deviation) by both IGGDCB and DLR algorithms. The Galileo receiver DCB estimates are also relatively stable for the case in which the receiver hardware device stays unchanged. It can also be concluded that the receiver DCB estimates are rather sensitive to the change of the firmware version and that the receiver antenna type has no great impact on receiver DCBs. 相似文献
7.
The ionospheric shell height has an impact on the estimated differential code bias (DCB) and total electron content (TEC) obtained by global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data, especially for a single site. However, the shell height is generally considered as a fixed value. Based on data from the international GNSS service (IGS), we propose the concept of optimal ionospheric shell height, which minimizes |ΔDCB| when compared to the DCB provided by Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE). Based on the data from five IGS stations at high, middle, and low latitudes during the time 2003–2013, we investigate the variation in the optimal ionospheric shell height and its relation with the solar activity. Results indicate that the relation between the mean of the optimal ionospheric shell height and the latitude is N-shaped. At the three stations at midlatitude, the mean value almost increases linearly with the latitude. The optimal ionospheric shell heights show 11-year and 1-year periods. The influences of the solar activity are related to the means of the optimal ionospheric shell height during the time 2003–2013. The slope of the linear fitting decreases with the mean value. Using the data from 2003 to 2013, we estimate the daily optimal ionospheric shell heights for 2014 by using the Fourier fitting method and then calculate the daily average of ΔDCB of the observed satellites by comparing to CODE results. The statistical results of the daily average in 2014 show that the optimal ionospheric shell height is much better than the fixed one. From the high-latitude station to the low-latitude station, the improvements in the mean value are about 75, 92, 96, 50, and 88% and the root-mean-squares are reduced by about 0.16, 2.09, 2.01, 1.01, and 0.02 TECu, respectively. 相似文献
8.
9.
Jaume Sanz J. Miguel Juan Adrià Rovira-Garcia Guillermo González-Casado 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(4):1549-1561
10.
11.
差分码偏差(differential code bias,DCB)是指由全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system, GNSS)信号接收和发射硬件导致的频率相关的偏差项,对电离层估计有显著的影响,在利用GNSS观测数据提取电离层总电子含量时需要被精确修正,研究利用低轨卫星的星载GNSS观测数据估计DCB尤为重要。使用Swarm星座3颗卫星GPS接收机2016年1月的双频观测值,设计了独立估计和联合估计两种估计方案,采用附加限制条件的间接平差方法对GPS卫星以及星载接收机的DCB进行估计。以中国科学院和德国宇航中心的DCB产品作为参考,分析了两种估计方案的精度和稳定性,相较于独立估计方案,联合估计方案得到的GPS卫星DCB的稳定性较独立估计方案提高了16.6%,且与参考DCB具有更好的一致性。 相似文献
12.
2020年6月23日,我国北斗三号全球导航卫星系统正式完成星座全球组网。北斗三号全球导航卫星系统采用新一代全球广播电离层延迟修正模型(BDGIM),为用户提供电离层延迟改正服务。本文利用高精度全球电离层格网(GIM)以及实测BDS/GPS数据提供的电离层TEC作为参考,从延迟改正精度及北斗单频伪距单点定位应用、模型系数性能等方面,对北斗三号系统组网前后(2020年5月1日至2020年7月20日)BDGIM模型的改正精度等应用性能进行了分析与研究,并将其与美国GPS播发的Klobuchar模型和北斗二号卫星导航系统播发的BDS Klobuchar模型进行对比。研究表明,BDGIM模型在对北斗三号系统组网完成前后电离层延迟修正精度没有发生显著变化。上述时段内,以国际GNSS服务(IGS)发布的最终GIM产品为参考,BDGIM模型在中国区域、亚太地区和全球范围内的电离层修正百分比分别达到84.45%、74.74%和64.57%;以选取的全球83个GNSS检测站BDS、GPS双频数据实测电离层TEC为参考,BDGIM在中国区域、亚太地区和全球范围内的电离层修正百分比分别为73.12%、70.18%及68.06%;当BDGIM模型应用于北斗单频伪距单点定位时,在中国区域、亚太地区和全球范围内分别实现了2.22、2.66和2.96 m的三维定位精度。 相似文献
13.
Baocheng Zhang Peter J. G. Teunissen Yunbin Yuan Hongxing Zhang Min Li 《Journal of Geodesy》2018,92(4):401-413
Vertical total electron content (VTEC) parameters estimated using global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data are of great interest for ionosphere sensing. Satellite differential code biases (SDCBs) account for one source of error which, if left uncorrected, can deteriorate performance of positioning, timing and other applications. The customary approach to estimate VTEC along with SDCBs from dual-frequency GNSS data, hereinafter referred to as DF approach, consists of two sequential steps. The first step seeks to retrieve ionospheric observables through the carrier-to-code leveling technique. This observable, related to the slant total electron content (STEC) along the satellite–receiver line-of-sight, is biased also by the SDCBs and the receiver differential code biases (RDCBs). By means of thin-layer ionospheric model, in the second step one is able to isolate the VTEC, the SDCBs and the RDCBs from the ionospheric observables. In this work, we present a single-frequency (SF) approach, enabling the joint estimation of VTEC and SDCBs using low-cost receivers; this approach is also based on two steps and it differs from the DF approach only in the first step, where we turn to the precise point positioning technique to retrieve from the single-frequency GNSS data the ionospheric observables, interpreted as the combination of the STEC, the SDCBs and the biased receiver clocks at the pivot epoch. Our numerical analyses clarify how SF approach performs when being applied to GPS L1 data collected by a single receiver under both calm and disturbed ionospheric conditions. The daily time series of zenith VTEC estimates has an accuracy ranging from a few tenths of a TEC unit (TECU) to approximately 2 TECU. For 73–96% of GPS satellites in view, the daily estimates of SDCBs do not deviate, in absolute value, more than 1 ns from their ground truth values published by the Centre for Orbit Determination in Europe. 相似文献
14.
GPS Differential Code Biases (DCBs) computation is usually based on ground networks of permanent stations. The drawback of the classical methods is the need for the ionospheric delay so that any error in this quantity will map into the solution. Nowadays, many low-orbiting satellites are equipped with GPS receivers which are initially used for precise orbitography. Considering spacecrafts at an altitude above the ionosphere, the ionized contribution comes from the plasmasphere, which is less variable in time and space. Based on GPS data collected onboard JASON-2 spacecraft, we present a methodology which computes in the same adjustment the satellite and receiver DCBs in addition to the plasmaspheric vertical total electron content (VTEC) above the satellite, the average satellite bias being set to zero. Results show that GPS satellite DCB solutions are very close to those of the IGS analysis centers using ground measurements. However, the receiver DCB and VTEC are closely correlated, and their value remains sensitive to the choice of the plasmaspheric parametrization. 相似文献
15.
As a first step towards studying the ionosphere with the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), leveling the phase to the code geometry-free observations on an arc-by-arc basis yields the ionospheric observables, interpreted as a combination of slant total electron content along with satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCB). The leveling errors in the ionospheric observables may arise during this procedure, which, according to previous studies by other researchers, are due to the combined effects of the code multipath and the intra-day variability in the receiver DCB. In this paper we further identify the short-term temporal variations of receiver differential phase biases (DPB) as another possible cause of leveling errors. Our investigation starts by the development of a method to epoch-wise estimate between-receiver DPB (BR-DPB) employing (inter-receiver) single-differenced, phase-only GNSS observations collected from a pair of receivers creating a zero or short baseline. The key issue for this method is to get rid of the possible discontinuities in the epoch-wise BR-DPB estimates, occurring when satellite assigned as pivot changes. Our numerical tests, carried out using Global Positioning System (GPS, US GNSS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS, Chinese GNSS) observations sampled every 30 s by a dedicatedly selected set of zero and short baselines, suggest two major findings. First, epoch-wise BR-DPB estimates can exhibit remarkable variability over a rather short period of time (e.g. 6 cm over 3 h), thus significant from a statistical point of view. Second, a dominant factor driving this variability is the changes of ambient temperature, instead of the un-modelled phase multipath. 相似文献
16.
The activities of the Ionosphere Working Group of the International GPS Service (IGS) 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
This article is based on a position paper presented at the IGS Network, Data and Analysis Center Workshop 2002 in Ottawa,
Canada, 8–11 April 2002, and introduces the IGS Ionosphere Working Group (Iono_WG). Detailed information about the IGS in
general can be found on the IGS Central Bureau Web page: http://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov. The Iono_WG commenced working in June
1998. The working group's main activity currently is the routine production of ionosphere Total Electron Content (TEC) maps
with a 2-h time resolution and daily sets of GPS satellite and receiver hardware differential code bias (DCB) values. The
TEC maps and DCB sets are derived from GPS dual-frequency tracking data recorded with the global IGS tracking network.
In the medium- and long-term, the working group intends to refine algorithms for the mapping of ionospheric parameters from
GPS measurements and to realize near–real–time availability of IGS ionosphere products. The paper will give an overview of
the Iono_WG activities that include a summary of activities since its establishment, achievements and future plans.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
17.
Compensation for differential code bias (DCB) is necessary because it is the major source of errors in total electron content (TEC) measurements. The DCB estimation performance is degraded when only the regional GPS network is used. Because DCB estimation is highly correlated with ionospheric modeling, this degradation is particularly evident for measurements concentrated in an area of high TEC concentration. This study proposes a DCB estimation method that uses the long-term stability of the DCB to improve the estimation performance of the regional GPS network. We estimate satellite DCBs by assuming their constancy over seven months. This extended period increases the number of measurements used in DCB estimation and changes the local time distribution of collected measurements. As a result, the unbalanced distribution of specific ionospheric conditions disappears. Tests are performed using both global and regional networks, and the estimation performance is evaluated based on the position error and pseudorange residuals. First, the difference between the global and regional networks when using the conventional method is analyzed. Second, proposed methods are applied to regional networks. The proposed method can improve the DCB estimation performance, and the results are similar to those obtained using one-day global network data. 相似文献
18.
Ionospheric correction using NTCM driven by GPS Klobuchar coefficients for GNSS applications 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) require mitigation of ionospheric propagation errors because the ionospheric range errors might be larger than tens of meters at the zenith direction. Taking advantage of the frequency-dispersive property of ionospheric refractivity, the ionospheric range errors can be mitigated in dual-frequency applications to a great extent by a linear combination of carrier phases or pseudoranges. However, single-frequency GNSS operations require additional ionospheric information to apply signal delay or range error corrections. To aid single-frequency operations, the global positioning system (GPS) broadcasts 8 coefficients as part of the navigation message to drive the ionospheric correction algorithm (ICA) also known as Klobuchar model. We presented here an ionospheric correction algorithm called Neustrelitz TEC model (NTCM) which can be used as complementary to the GPS ICA. Our investigation shows that the NTCM can be driven by Klobuchar model parameters to achieve a significantly better performance than obtained by the mother ICA algorithm. Our research, using post-processed reference total electron content (TEC) data from more than one solar cycle, shows that on average the RMS modeled TEC errors are up to 40% less for the proposed NTCM model compared to the Klobuchar model during high solar activity period, and about 10% less during low solar activity period. Such an approach does not require major technology changes for GPS users rather requires only introducing the NTCM approach a complement to the existing ICA algorithm while maintaining the simplicity of ionospheric range error mitigation with an improved model performance. 相似文献
19.
GAMIT／GLOBK是全球应用最广泛的高精度GPS数据处理软件之一,不仅在高精度定位方面得到应用,而且在全球地壳板块运动监测、电离层监测和GPS气象学等领域也得到广泛应用。本文介绍了在Windows7系统下实现Ubunru Kylin16.04桌面版系统的安装,并在Ubuntu Kylin系统平台下安装、更新最新版GAMIT／GLOBK10.60,并利用中国及其周边IGS站观测数据进行基线解算和网平差,验证了软件安装的正确性。 相似文献
20.
高精度的电离层模型对于提高导航卫星系统的定位精度具有重要意义。低轨卫星的快速发展为建立高精度的电离层模型提供了新的契机。基于仿真数据模拟获得2017年1月1日—30日LEO(low earth orbit)和GNSS(global navigation satellite system)卫星观测数据,星座类型包括60、96、192和288颗卫星,以非洲区域为例,利用该数据研究GNSS和LEO卫星穿刺点的覆盖情况和联合建模精度。结果表明:加入LEO卫星后,穿刺点分布改善明显,能够大幅度提高穿刺点密度;单颗低轨卫星穿刺点的范围比GNSS卫星大,LEO卫星的高度角和方位角变化明显;随着低轨卫星数量的增加,融合建模的精度也随之提高;在12:00时东经30°不同纬度范围内,单GNSS建模和GNSS+288 LEO建模差值最大为-1.6 TECU(total electron content unit);随着建模时长的增加,融合建模结果和单GNSS结果差值逐渐变小。 相似文献