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1.
利用水位、 气压和理论固体潮数据, 采用卷积回归法中水位对气压的阶跃响应函数, 定量地分析和判定了华北北部板桥井、 大灰厂井、 黄骅井、 大甸子井、 丰镇井和三号地井的井-含水层系统的地下水类型, 并结合研究时段内各井的气压系数和M2波潮汐因子的结果进行了对比分析． 结果表明: ① 各井的滞后时间与阶跃响应函数之间存在明显的以e为底的指数函数关系, 且底数e的系数的正负决定了井-含水层系统的地下水类型; ② 承压井的阶跃响应函数随滞后时间的增大而增大, 且最佳阶跃响应函数值越大, 相应的气压系数和M2波潮汐因子也越大, 反之亦然; ③ 潜水井和半承压水井的阶跃响应函数随滞后时间的增大而减小, 其最佳阶跃响应函数与气压系数和M2波潮汐因子间的关系不明显, 可能与含水层的水力特性、 井孔结构及固体潮汐波的频率有关． 相似文献
2.
Storage in confined aquifer: Spectral analysis of groundwater in responses to Earth tides and barometric effect 
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下载免费PDF全文 David Ching‐Fang Shih 《水文研究》2018,32(12):1927-1935
Dilatation of aquifer and associated water level fluctuation in groundwater well is known to be driven periodically from lunar, solar, or other tidal forces. Time‐dependent variables in groundwater system, such as water level, can be converted to power spectra in the frequency domain using Fourier transform to evaluate significant fluctuation. The major innovation of this research is to develop spectral representation in frequency domain for the groundwater system that the storage in confined aquifer can be determined considering dilatation affected by Earth tides and barometric effect. In order to verify applicability of the evolved method, time series of Earth tides and barograph are collected; aquifer storage is then determined inversely by selecting significant semidiurnal and diurnal components in spectra computation. It suggests that to discover groundwater storage using groundwater level with barograph and tidal potential of Earth in frequency domain becomes accessible and feasible. 相似文献
3.
黄骅井水位对苏门答腊5次地震的同震响应初步研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
利用ARX模型分析了河北省黄骅井水位对气压和固体潮的响应特征,并利用该模型消除气压和固体潮对该井水位的影响,准确地提取了5次苏门答腊大震引起的同震水位变化异常.分析了该井水位对这5次地震的同震响应模式与震级和震源机制解的关系,初步探讨了引起该井水位同震变化复杂性的可能原因.认为,即使发生在同一地区,震源机制解基本相同的地震也会引起远距离同一井水位不同的响应特征,其响应幅度与发震震级有关,响应方式可能与井孔所处地区的局部应力应变状态或井-含水层系统的结构变化有关. 相似文献
4.
以河南范县井为例,利用不同的水力响应模型分析了井水位对地震波、固体潮和气压的响应特征,并基于相关水力响应模型反演估算了含水层的水力参数。结果显示:在高频加载作用过程中,井-含水层系统中的水流模式以水平向为主,而在低频加载作用过程中,则为水平向和垂直向共存的混合模式;利用周期为10—102 s的高频段的地震波响应模型估算的含水层导水系数值较大,为7.20×10?3 m2/s,利用周期为3.75×104 s的低频段的固体潮响应模型估算的含水层导水系数值较小,为2.02×10?6 m2/s,而利用周期为102—104 s的中等频率段的气压响应模型得到的估算值介于二者之间,为3.44×10?5 m2/s。由此分析认为,在周期性加载作用过程中,井-含水层系统内的水流模式与加载频率有关,基于不同水力响应模型反演估算的含水层水力参数存在尺度效应。本研究取得的认识,既可为井水位动态响应的机理解释提供理论基础,也可为目标含水层水力参数的原位测量提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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中高频带地下水位对气压和固体潮的响应特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国前兆观测网络数字化改造的完成, 使得对地震地下水位观测的孕震信息提取和干扰因素排除的研究拓宽至更广的频率范围, 而对原有一些认识的重新考察也成为可能。 本文从中国地震前兆台网挑选出数据质量较好的10个台站, 分析各个台站2008年1月1日至5月11日的地下水位和气压资料及理论重力固体潮的频谱及其频域相关性特征, 并分析了地下水位对气压响应的时移。 结果表明, 中高频带地下水位对气压的响应没有低频带好, 两者相关性随周期的减小而减弱; 含水层岩性对中高频带地下水位的气压和固体潮响应特征有较大影响, 部分灰岩井在高频频段存在地下水位对气压响应异常的现象; 时移效应对水位的气压响应整体特征影响不大, 体现出两种信号自身的复杂性。 相似文献
6.
许多地下流体监测井在地震发生时都能记录到同震水位变化,而利用地下水位的同震响应特征以及水位固体潮效应可以反演地震对含水层产生的体应变量．本文尝试从大尺度上对大地震引起的体应变变化进行研究,为此收集了位于我国大陆不同构造活动区5口地下流体监测井两年半的水位数据资料进行分析,去除干扰项,提取出水位固体潮成分,进行调和分析求取潮汐因子,并反演出汶川MS8.0地震对这5口井所在含水层产生的体应变量．结果显示,汶川大地震对这5口井 含水层造成的体应变量基本在10-7量级. 地震引起的体应变随距离的衰减规律比较复杂,其不仅与震中距有关,而且与活动断裂带的展布和地壳岩体结构等密切相关． 相似文献
7.
深井水位对固体潮和气压的响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以体应变固体潮对深井水位影响的偏微分方程为基础，考虑到含水层与井孔之间相互渗流的边界条件，用叠加原理、冲量定理的分离变量等方法得出了方程的解。把水井含水层的参量给予一些可能的值，通过数值计算讨论了水井固体潮系数、位相滞后和含水层参数之间的关系，解释了井水位对固体潮响应的位相滞后现象。结果表明，井孔的半径、含水层的孔隙度及固体骨架的体压缩系数愈大，含水层的导水系数愈小，则水井水位的固体潮系数愈小 相似文献
8.
Under barometric pressure,groundwater flow in well-aquifer systems is a kind of hydro-mechanical coupling problem.Applying the flux boundary conditions on borehole wall and water pressure equilibrium conditions inside and outside the borehole wall under barometric pressure(BP),an analytic solution to well-water level changes has been proposed in this paper.The formulation shows that the BP coefficients increase with time and tend to BP constant.The Change of BP coefficients over time depends only on the ratio of transmissivity(T) to the well radius squared(r2w),and has nothing to do with the change in BP.The BP constant only relates to aquifer loading efficiency(B),and has nothing to do with the aquifer transmissivity and well radius.The BP coefficients change over time in the analytic formulation is consistent with the analysis of measured data from the Nanxi wells.Based on the BP coefficient changes over time,a parameter estimation method is suggested and discussed in its application to the estimation of the aquifer BP constant(or B) and transmissivity by using the Nanxi well data. 相似文献
9.
M. N. Dubrov O. S. Kazantseva A. B. Manukin V. I. Ponyatovskaya 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2007,43(5):404-411
Correlated variations in the surface strain, atmospheric pressure, and groundwater level are studied at two points about 40 km apart in an aseismic region. Comparative analysis of the results obtained by laser strainmeters with bases of 10 and 300 m and pressure gage sensors of the water level in boreholes 400–1000 m deep and the atmospheric pressure with a resolution of 0.03 mbar is carried out. The estimates of barometric coefficients obtained from the data of spaced sensors of different types revealed a number of specific features of dynamic interactions in the Earth’s crust-hydrosphere-atmosphere system. The space-time scales of disturbances, the velocity of their propagation, and the seasonal variations in the estimated coefficients are found. 相似文献
10.
气压作用下, 井-含水层系统中地下水流是一类流体力学问题。 本文应用井壁水流通量边界条件和气压作用下井壁内外水(孔)压平衡条件, 提出了一个井水位随气压变化的解析公式。 解析式表明, 气压系数随时段长度增加而增大, 并趋于气压常数; 气压系数随时段长度的变化只依赖于导水系数与井半径平方的比值(T/r2w), 而与气压变化过程无关; 气压常数只与含水层的一维荷载效率(B)有关, 而与导水系数和井半径无关。 解析解所反映的气压系数与时段长度的关系, 与南溪井实测序列数据分析结果具有很好的一致性。 根据气压系数随时段长度变化过程, 提出了一个参数估计方法, 应用于估计南溪井含水层气压常数和导水系数, 并对本文提出的参数估计方法进行了讨论。 相似文献
11.
Gunnar Lischeid Marco Natkhin Jörg Steidl Ottfried Dietrich Ralf Dannowski Christoph Merz 《Advances in water resources》2010
The biosphere reserve Schorfheide-Chorin is a scenic region with many lakes. Hydraulic coupling between lakes and groundwater is difficult to assess due to the very heterogeneous Pleistocene deposits with a complex layering of different aquifers, part of them being confined. Thus, a principal component analysis of time series of groundwater and lake water levels was performed. The first two principal components provided a quantitative measure of damping of the input signal, i.e., the extent to which time series of groundwater pressure heads or lake water levels are smoothed and delayed with respect to the input signal, i.e., groundwater recharge or precipitation minus evapotranspiration, respectively. The lakes differed substantially with respect to damping behaviour, indicating different impacts of deep groundwater contribution. For most of the groundwater wells, damping increased linearly with mean depth to water table. In contrast, some wells exhibited nearly identical behaviour independent of depth. High-pass filtered data of water table level from these wells were strongly and inversely correlated with those of barometric pressure fluctuations, pointing to a confined aquifer which was evidently not connected to the adjacent lake. 相似文献
12.
Hydrogeological parameter is an important index to characterize the hydrogeological properties of the aquifer, and has a clear physical basis and mechanism. Although the predecessors have made significant achievements in these areas, research is lacking on the changing law and relationship of the hydrogeological parameters of well-aquifer system. The digital water level and barometric pressure data of Dadianzi Well are used as the basis in this study. Based on the theories of elastic mechanics, rock mechanics and fluid mechanics, and using barometric pressure coefficient and tidal factor, the hydrogeological parameters in Dadianzi well-aquifer system in undrained conditions are studied. The corresponding water storage rate can also be obtained quantitatively. In addition, with the thickness of the aquifer, the pressure transmitting coefficient, the radius of the well and the frequency of the tidal wave, the permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient of well-aquifer system can be obtained, and the relationships between them are derived. The results show that: 1)There is an obvious power function relationship between porosity and solid skeleton volume compression coefficient, volume compression coefficient of water in aquifer, water storage rate, permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient. The volume compression coefficient of solid skeleton, water storage rate, permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient have a positive correlation with the porosity, the volume compression coefficient of water in aquifer decreases with increasing porosity. The volume compression coefficient of solid skeleton and water in aquifer can be well fitted to one of two quadratic polynomials. And the volume compression coefficient of water in aquifer is larger than the solid skeleton volume compression coefficient, water is more easily compressed. In addition, with the increase of water storage rate, the permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient also increase linearly; 2)Different from the traditional pumping test and indoor experiment, this paper uses the digital water level and other data, combined with the pressure coefficient and Venedikov tidal harmonic analysis results to access to the porosity, the volume compression coefficient of solid skeleton and water in aquifer medium, water storage rate, the permeability coefficient and the transmissibility coefficient. This method is simple and accurate. 相似文献
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14.
基于流体及岩石力学理论,利用气压和潮汐效应,研究了苏皖地区苏02井、苏03井、苏06井、苏18井和定远04井含水层介质在不排水状态下孔隙度和渗透系数的变化情况.结合井-含水层系统在受力和水均衡两种状态下的微动态变化模型,分析了各井水位自2014年下半年以来相继出现同步上升现象的水动力学成因机制.结果表明:① 5口井的气压系数与M2波潮汐因子之间存在明显的线性关系,即气压系数越大,潮汐因子也越大;②各井的孔隙度和渗透系数出现一组同步增大现象,主要与补给量大于泄流量、补给增强有关. 相似文献
15.
为研究水位气压效应的主要特征, 采用广西南宁石埠、 九塘两个台站的水位、 气压观测资料, 利用小波分析、 交叉小波分析、 小波相干分析方法在时间-频率空间内对二者的周期特征以及二者的相关特征进行了分析。 结果表明: 水位观测数据的显著周期为7.8~14.7 h, 气压观测数据的显著周期为7.8~14.7 h和17.5~27.8 h; 水位和气压存在7.8~14.7 h尺度的共振周期; 水位和气压在较宽的周期尺度上存在着显著的相关性, 且水位和气压的相关系数随周期和时间变化, 二者的相对相位角也因周期的不同而存在差异。 相似文献
16.
地下水动态映震机制的试验与观测研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文根据一系列室内外试验与观测研究结果,论述了震前地下水位动态异常信息形成的四个基本环节:①地壳应力活动与含水层应力状态的变化,②含水层变形破坏与孔隙压力的变化;③孔压变化信息在井—含水层系统中的传递;④孔压变化信息在井孔地下水动态中的表现。在此基础上,提出了地下水动态映震特性的若干观点。 相似文献
17.
The effects of barometric pressure and earth tide changes are often observed in ground water level measurements. These disturbances can make aquifer test interpretation difficult by masking the small changes induced by aquifer testing at late times and great distances. A computer utility is now available that automatically removes the effects of barometric pressure and earth tides from water level observations using regression deconvolution. This procedure has been shown to remove more noise then traditional constant barometric efficiency techniques in both confined and unconfined aquifers. Instead of a single, instantaneous barometric efficiency, the procedure more correctly accounts for the lagged responses caused by barometric pressure and earth tide changes. Simultaneous measurements of water levels (or total heads) and nearby barometric pressures are required. As an additional option, the effects of earth tides can also be removed using theoretical earth tides. The program is demonstrated for two data sets collected at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, Carlsbad, New Mexico. The program is available free by request at http://www.hydrology.uga.edu/tools.html. 相似文献
18.
Groundwater level fluctuations are affected by surface properties due to complex correlations of groundwater-surface water interaction and/or other surface processes, which are usually hard to be accurately quantified. Previous studies have assessed the relationship between groundwater level fluctuations and specific controlling factors. However, few studies have been conducted to explore the impact of the combination of multiple factors on the groundwater system. Hence, this paper tries to explore the localized and scale-specific multivariate relationships between the groundwater level and controlling factors (such as hydrologic and meteorological factors) using bivariate wavelet coherence and multiple wavelet coherence. The groundwater level fluctuations of two wells in areas covered by different plant densities (i.e., the riparian zone of the Colorado River, USA) are analyzed. Main findings include three parts. First, barometric pressure and river stage are the best factors to interpret the groundwater level fluctuations at small scales (<1 day) and large scales (>1 day) at the well of low-density plants stand, respectively. Second, at the well of high-density plants stand, the best predictors to control the groundwater level fluctuations include barometric pressure (<1 day), the combination of barometric pressure and temperature (1-7 days), temperature (7-30 days), and the combination of barometric pressure, temperature, and river stage (>30 days). The best predictor of groundwater head fluctuations depends on the variance of the vegetation coverage and hydrological processes. Third, these results provide a suite of factors to explain the groundwater level variations, which is an important topic in water-resource prediction and management. 相似文献
19.
A hydrographic method was proposed to separate out the hourly scaled groundwater level changes caused by net recharge, barometric effects and evapotranspiration from a semidiurnal water table fluctuation. A characteristic midnight time, with a turning point of the barometric pressure change and high relative air humidity, which meant that neither the barometric effect nor groundwater evapotranspiration occurred, was proposed for determining the net recharge rate rnet. Then, the barometric efficiency fbar was estimated using the other time period without evapotranspiration, and the evapotranspiration rate rETG was finally obtained using the remainder of the water level changes. A case example illustrated that estimation of fbar using the proposed method was more accurate than that using the traditional error analysis method, which may result in a significant underestimation under the condition of the present water level changes. Additionally, the abnormal semidiurnal fluctuations, more specifically, two step-down fluctuations, which may be a common pattern when the groundwater level is controlled by net recharge, barometric effects and evapotranspiration, can be well understood using the three components separated out. The results also showed that nighttime groundwater evapotranspiration, accounting for an average of 23% of that during the daytime, cannot be ignored. 相似文献
20.
Determining aquifer type, unconfined, semi‐confined, or confined, by drilling or performing pumping tests has inherent problems (i.e., cost and complex field issues) while sometimes yielding inconclusive results. An improved method to cost‐effectively determine aquifer type would be beneficial for hydraulic mapping of complex aquifer systems like fractured rock aquifers. Earth tides are known to influence water levels in wells penetrating confined aquifers or unconfined thick, low‐porosity aquifers. Water‐level fluctuations in wells tapping confined and unconfined aquifers are also influenced by changes in barometric pressure. Harmonic analyses of water‐level fluctuations of a thick (～1000 m) carbonate aquifer located in south‐central Oklahoma (Arbuckle‐Simpson aquifer) were utilized in nine wells to identify aquifer type by evaluating the influence of earth tides and barometric‐pressure variations using signal identification. On the basis of the results, portions of the aquifer responded hydraulically as each type of aquifer even though there was no significant variation in lithostratigraphy. The aquifer type was depth dependent with confined conditions becoming more prevalent with depth. The results demonstrate that harmonic analysis is an accurate and low‐cost method to determine aquifer type. 相似文献