共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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震电效应在油气勘探开发中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
震电效应是流体饱和孔隙介质中客观存在的一种物理现象。开展震电勘探研究是当今地球物理领域的前沿研究课题。笔者基于当前国内外大量室内和野外试验资料，对震电效应及其产生机理、探测方式、勘探应用潜力进行了分析探讨，指出震电效应应用于油气勘探开发，特别是在寻找“剩余油”方面具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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为确定北山地区电法野外采集参数,有效合理地开展连续电磁剖面法(Continuous Electromagnetic Profiling,CEMP)勘探,以扎格高脑盆地为例,针对野外资料采集的主要因素,制定了采集参数的试验研究工作,通过视电阻率曲线成图对比分析了各项参数所对应的数据采集结果,确定了电极距长度和采集时间。综合研究认为: 研究区布极电极距长度宜采用100 m,个别困难地区可适当缩短电极距,但至少需大于70 m; 野外有效采集时间选择12 h效果较好,特殊情况下不低于8 h,干扰区需适当延长采集时间; 针对接地电阻、刮风干扰等影响野外数据采集质量的不同情况,总结分析了质量控制对策与改善措施。实测剖面解释结果表明,CEMP能较好地揭示研究区主要地层展布情况,反映研究区构造特征。该研究结果可为北山地区中生代盆地群CEMP勘探部署提供依据。 相似文献
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为确定北山地区电法野外采集参数,有效合理地开展连续电磁剖面法(Continuous Electromagnetic Profiling,CEMP)勘探,以扎格高脑盆地为例,针对野外资料采集的主要因素,制定了采集参数的试验研究工作,通过视电阻率曲线成图对比分析了各项参数所对应的数据采集结果,确定了电极距长度和采集时间。综合研究认为:研究区布极电极距长度宜采用100 m,个别困难地区可适当缩短电极距,但至少需大于70 m;野外有效采集时间选择12 h效果较好,特殊情况下不低于8 h,干扰区需适当延长采集时间;针对接地电阻、刮风干扰等影响野外数据采集质量的不同情况,总结分析了质量控制对策与改善措施。实测剖面解释结果表明,CEMP能较好地揭示研究区主要地层展布情况,反映研究区构造特征。该研究结果可为北山地区中生代盆地群CEMP勘探部署提供依据。 相似文献
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《物探与化探》2015,(4)
大地电磁法(MT)是地球深部探测的有效物探手段之一,也是当今地球物理工作者的研究热点。要实现MT探测,用于野外观测的仪器系统是基础,要求观测系统具有高可靠、高精度、多台同步、轻便等特点。通过集成嵌入式计算机、DTCXO、24位ADC、锂电池组等部件研制了采集主机,动态范围达119 d B(fs=2 400 Hz),功耗约1 600 m W,并配备了轻便的低噪声感应式磁传感器、低漂移电场传感器以及用于野外仪器自检的自检盒,在提高了仪器可靠性的同时也提高了野外数据采集质量和野外施工效率。多次室内及野外试验验证了本观测系统的可靠性、低功耗、轻便性及易用性,可满足陆地MT勘探施工的要求。 相似文献
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张林 《物探化探计算技术》2021,(4):457-460
地震数据观测系统是野外仪器班报组在野外采集过程中记录的,室内资料处理人员在得到地震资料后,首先就要对野外采集来的地震数据加上对应的观测系统,一般包括炮点和检波点的坐标、炮号及道号,当出现记录上的失误时,对室内资料处理人员的工作将会造成非常大的困扰.本研究提出了一种野外炮记录进行近道叠加来检验观测系统正确与否的方法,可以... 相似文献
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2008年汶川地震(Mw7.9)造成了严重的人员伤亡和重大经济损失。震后现场调查获得大量的垂直和走滑同震位移数据,但缺乏同震水平缩短量数据,直接影响了对汶川地震的同震形变特征的研究。文中尝试从一个新的角度,通过地震前、后QuickBird卫星影像对比,同时结合野外实地测量来分析汶川地震地表破裂带同震水平缩短量。白沙河破裂段位于中央主破裂带的西南端,距震中区映秀镇最近仅有15 km。在该破裂段的两侧各有一条乡间公路,相距300～900 m,我们通过对比地震前、后QuickBird卫星影像的公路间距变化,对比震后实测公路位置与震前的差异,获得了一系列的同震水平缩短量,其平均值为6.8 m(RMS),最大值和最小值分别为13.2 m和1.1 m,综合误差为2.33 m。该估计值大于沿地表破裂带通过复原变形人工构造物以及变形地层所获得的同震水平缩短量,说明汶川地震在地表造成的水平缩短分布在一个较大的范围内,而破裂带附近所观测到的仅仅是其中的一部分。 相似文献
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采用高密度电阻率法对河南某地区进行了野外实地测量数据的采集工作,现场共完成高密度电阻率法电测深剖面7条,剖面长度360~600m,探测深度大于260~350m,每条线的有效物理点552个,通过数据处理和反演结果综合解释分析,基本上查明地下水的埋藏条件、含水层类型及其主要特征,并确定地下水井6个. 相似文献
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以宝鸡市地震小区划为依托,选取渭北典型黄土台塬场地,采集大量不同深度（1m、3m、5m）原状马兰黄土样品进行动三轴震陷试验,研究不同深度黄土震陷变化规律。建立了震陷曲线数学模型,分析表明,震陷基本参数起始动应力受含水量影响最显著,随含水量增加而减小,临界动应力与极限动应力受含水量影响不明显,但含水量大于塑限后随含水量增加而减小。震陷基本参数与孔隙比呈负相关关系,存在一特征孔隙比,当大于该特征孔隙比后,震陷临界动应力和极限动应力随孔隙比增大而迅速减小。提出一种表征震陷敏感性的指标¬—震陷敏感性系数Sc,反映震陷发生难易程度,其随含水量的增加而增大,随孔隙比的增加而增大。 相似文献
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G.Ya. Shaidurov D.S. Kudinov V.S. Potylitsyn R.G. Shaidurov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(5):566-570
The first experimental measurements of the cross-correlation function (CCF) of the Earth’s seismic and electrical noise were carried out in two areas of the Minusinskoe gas condensate field in 2014 and 2015 using a VPEMPZ-M1 (Shum-6) two-channel geophysical device developed at Siberian Federal University. The Earth’s seismic noise and electrical noise in the frequency range 0.1-20 Hz were received by a geophone and an electric dipole, respectively. In both cases, a productive pool at depths of 1800-2000 m had a maximum CCF value five to seven times higher than the normal background, indicating the occurrence of the seismoelectric effect in passive fields. 相似文献
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The results of analysis of synchronous instrumental observations of seismic oscillations and the intensity of the electric field at the Earth’s surface under the conditions of the mid-latitude Mikhnevo Geophysical Observatory of the Institute of Geosphere Dynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences (IGD RAS) are presented. The results provide evidence that the seismoelectric effect exists in the influence zone of the deep tectonic structure, which is clearly seen in the records when strong perturbations caused by other electric field sources do not exist (propagation of atmospheric fronts, thunderstorm events, formation of eddy structures in the atmosphere, etc.). For the first time, a quantitative relation between the amplitudes of the seismic and induced electric signals under specific conditions was obtained. 相似文献
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城市闹市区的汽车、行人的震动噪声和地电及电磁干扰,使传统的物探方法难以为城铁、地铁作面积性的地质勘查。弹性波类方法必须克服噪声干扰,电法和电磁法类方则须避开地电和电磁干扰,才能在城市和公路上工作。探查中小溶洞是地质勘查的难题,也是传统物探技术的难题。崎岖山地的地形影响也是地球物理方法遇到的困难。这些都需要投入人力和资金发展新技术、新仪器。汽车、行人的震动噪声基本上在300Hz以下,陆地声纳法仪器可激发和接收到10～4000Hz的弹性波,可以通过滤波避开这些震动干扰; C-1微测深仪采用11～19Hz的窄频交流电向大地供电,可避开地电和电磁干扰。陆地声纳法是零震检距的方法,地形对它影响不大,而且对溶洞的反映很好。微分电测深法有很高的分辨率,可探查100m深度,可调整激发能量的激振器,探查水底淤泥层、沙层、卵石层、抛石层,也可探查水底的岩层和地质结构; 可以用折线、弯曲测线工作。 相似文献
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高性能槽波地震勘探仪器的研制能够有力推进槽波地震勘探方法在煤矿地质构造勘察等领域的有效应用。通过分析槽波地震勘探实例,对比国内外多款新型槽波地震仪采集站,结果表明:无线遥测式地震仪是槽波地震勘探仪器的主要发展方向;新型采集站都使用有Δ-Σ技术的24位AD转换器,前置增益都是多倍率。地震仪器采集站的性能满足槽波地震勘探需要,但是地震检波器的性能制约了槽波地震仪整机性能的提高。分析6种不同类型地震检波器的原理和性能,目前地震检波器主要是围绕提高灵敏度,拓宽频率响应范围和增强抗干扰能力3个方面进行研究。其中高性能压电式地震检波器在槽波地震勘探中有较好应用前景,进一步介绍了一种压电地震检波器芯体及测试结果。 相似文献
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David J. Delene 《Earth Science Informatics》2011,4(1):29-44
The practice of conducting quality control and quality assurance in the construction of data sets is often an overlooked and
underestimated task of many research projects in the Earth Sciences. The development of software to effectively process and
quickly analyze measurements is a critical aspect of a research project. An evolutionary approach has been used at the University
of North Dakota to develop and implement software to process and analyze airborne measurements. Development over the past
eight years has resulted in a collection of software named the Airborne Data Processing and Analysis (ADPAA) package which
has been published as an open source project on Source Forge. The ADPAA package is intended to fully automate data processing
while incorporating the concept of missing value codes and levels of data processing. At each data level, ADPAA utilizes a
standard ASCII file format to store measurements from individual instruments into separate files. After all data levels have
been processed, a summary file containing parameters of scientific interest for the field project is created for each aircraft
flight. All project information is organized into a standard directory structure. ADPAA contains several tools that facilitate
quality control procedures conducted on instruments during field projects and laboratory testing. Each quality control procedure
is designed to ensure proper instrument performance and hence the validity of the instrument’s measurement. Data processing
by ADPAA allows edit files to be created that are automatically used to insert missing value codes into a time period that
had instrument problems. The creation of edit files is typically done after the completion of a field project when scientists
are performing quality assurance of the data set. Since data processing is automatic, preliminary data can be created and
analyzed within hours of an aircraft flight and a complete field project data set can be reprocessed many times during the
quality assurance process. Once a final data set has been created, ADPAA provides several tools for visualization and analysis.
In addition to aircraft data, ADPAA can be used on any data set that is based on time series measurements. The concepts illustrated
by ADPAA and components of ADPAA, such as the Cplot visualization tool, are applicable to areas of Earth Science that work
with time series measurements. 相似文献
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Use of a resistivity cone for detecting contaminated soil layers 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
A cone-penetration technique was developed to detect contaminated soil layers with electrolytes and NAPLs. In this study, laboratory and field experiments were performed to apply the technique. In the laboratory, the change in resistivity was quantitatively examined by adding salt or oil to soil samples. The results showed that the resistivity measurement was varied with an order of ppm for the electrolyte concentration in soil. It was found that the resistivity of sand increased with increasing oil concentration. The effect of oil content was stronger for lower water content of sand.
The results obtained from field experiments showed that the resistivity cone can be used for detecting the contaminated layer in soils whose background values are known. Particularly, the instrument can be used effectively for examining the effects of remediation, by measuring the resistivity of the ground before and after remediation, unless the soil fabric changes significantly during remediation procedures. 相似文献
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井下瞬变电磁随掘探测技术是探测掘进面前方致灾水体的有效方法,从硬件方面评估仪器对致灾水体的分辨能力,是仪器能够在井下正确使用的重要手段。通过比较二次场绝对差和仪器分辨率、叠加后背景噪声之间的大小关系,分析含水致灾体识别的硬件条件和评估依据;提出从硬件方面评估井下瞬变电磁对致灾水体分辨能力的计算方法:根据致灾水体结构建立三维地质模型,推导梯形波关断与负阶跃波关断二次场感应电压的关系,在GPU上采用全空间三维有限差分并行算法计算了致灾水体二次场响应;测量某瞬变电磁仪的关断时间和综合噪声,根据致灾水体的硬件分辨依据,从硬件方面评估井下瞬变电磁仪对导水陷落柱、充水采空区的分辨能力。为井下瞬变电磁探测仪器的研制和现场准确探测提供技术参考,具有重大的研究意义。 相似文献