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1.
岩体型斜长岩为由90%以上斜长石组成的岩浆岩,具变压结晶的特点,仅形成于元古宙(2.1～0.9Ga),常赋存有Fe-Ti-P矿床。Fe-Ti-P矿体既呈整合层状也呈透镜状和席状等不规则形式产出;矿石类型有块状和侵染状,前者矿石矿物含量>70%,后者矿石矿物含量为20%～70%;矿物组成上,不同矿床稍有差别:部分矿床的Fe-Ti氧化物以钛磁铁矿为主、钛铁矿次之,而其他矿床则以赤钛铁矿为主、磁铁矿次之。一些矿床磷灰石含量较高,出现仅由Fe-Ti氧化物和磷灰石组成的铁钛磷灰岩。研究表明,Fe-Ti-P矿床由富Fe、Ti的岩浆演化形成,其母岩浆是在深部岩浆房中大量结晶斜长石后的残余岩浆。部分学者认为不同矿石经正常的结晶分异作用并堆晶形成,但该机制很难解释呈不规则状产出的矿石;其他学者则认为不混熔作用对矿石的富集(尤其是脉状、席状的铁钛磷灰岩)有重要作用,但该机制缺乏岩相学和地球化学方面的证据。河北大庙Fe-Ti-P矿体呈透镜状、席状等不连续地分布于斜长岩中,矿体不发育明显岩浆分层,但仍出现不同矿石的相带。依据详细的岩相学、矿体中矿物含量和成分的变化规律以及全岩地球化学特征,我们判断大庙矿床中不同矿石为堆晶矿物和晶隙流体的混合产物,它们由铁闪长质岩浆经结晶分异和堆晶作用形成,与不混熔作用关系不大。矿体不规则状产出的特点可能与岩浆动力分异作用有关,并伴随有小范围的亚固相迁移。 相似文献
2.
河北承德的大庙斜长岩杂岩体是我国著名的岩体型斜长岩杂岩体,其苏长岩可分为两种类型,即早期苏长岩和晚期辉长—苏长岩。早期苏长岩已发生钠长绿帘角闪岩相变质;晚期辉长—苏长岩变质程度较弱,含有斜长石、斜方辉石和单斜辉石巨晶,主要呈岩墙、岩脉或小岩体侵入于斜长岩杂岩体中,与铁磷矿紧密相关。研究表明:晚期辉长—苏长岩主要由中性斜长石、反条纹长石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石、黑云母、磷灰石、钛磁铁矿和磁铁矿等组成,依矿物含量、成分和结构的差异可分为淡色辉长岩、单斜辉石苏长岩、斜方辉石辉长岩以及含铁磷矿对应岩石。其Ba、Sr和轻稀土富集、Eu弱负异常或无异常特征,表明晚期辉长—苏长岩岩浆不是形成斜长岩的基性岩浆,而是经斜长石分离结晶后的残余岩浆。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学特征显示晚期辉长—苏长岩可能源自EMI富集的岩石圈地幔,与岩体型斜长岩不存在同源岩浆分离结晶演化的关系。大庙地区晚期辉长—苏长岩的岩浆来源、演化和构造控制的特征对深化研究岩体型斜长岩杂岩体的成因有重要意义。 相似文献
3.
甘肃北山红柳沟基性-超基性岩体位于塔里木板块北缘北山裂谷带, 岩体侵位于敦煌岩群,主要岩石类型有辉长岩、橄榄辉长岩、橄榄苏长辉长岩、橄榄角闪苏长岩、橄榄辉长苏长岩、二辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩和辉石岩等。橄榄石Fo介于66.97%~82.92%之间,属贵橄榄石,斜方辉石En成分范围为68.49~77.65,属古铜辉石;单斜辉石En成分范围为45.85~48.81,主要为斜顽辉石和透辉石;斜长石An为58.70~72.69,以拉长石为主;角闪石以普通角闪石为主。岩体母岩浆Mg#值为0.59~0.62,属于高镁拉斑玄武质岩浆,岩浆演化过程中主要发生了橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石和斜长石的分离结晶作用,主要分离结晶矿物受单斜辉石和斜方辉石的控制,岩浆上升侵位过程中遭受到下地壳物质混染。从构造环境、母岩浆、岩体类型、岩浆分异程度、同化混染等方面综合分析认为红柳沟岩体具有形成铜镍硫化物矿床的较大潜力。 相似文献
4.
西南暗色岩铜镍硫化物矿化岩体与峨眉山玄武岩的关系--以云南金宝山岩体为例 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
内容提要本文以金宝山为典型实例,根据元素地球化学特征探讨了西南暗色岩铜镍硫化物矿化岩体与峨眉山玄武岩的关系。分析表明,金宝山超镁铁岩与低钛峨眉山玄武岩在元素地球化学特征上具有一致的岩浆成因属性,两者在成岩机制上互补,低钛峨眉山玄武岩普遍经历了橄榄石结晶分异和硫化物熔离亏损作用,金宝山成矿岩体则与低钛峨眉山玄武岩同源岩浆深部分异的堆晶相相对应,由堆晶橄榄石及熔离硫化物和部分残余熔体构成的“晶-糊”侵位形成,因此认为铜镍硫化物矿床成矿岩体与低钛峨眉山玄武岩为同源异相产物。 相似文献
5.
西南天山哈拉达拉岩体的锆石SHRIMP年代学及地球化学研究 总被引：15，自引：6，他引：9
西南天山哈拉达拉侵入体由橄长岩、橄榄辉长岩和辉长岩组成,橄长岩和橄榄辉长岩具有典型的堆晶结构,堆晶矿物以斜长石和橄榄石为主。辉石、角闪石和金云母主要为堆晶间隙矿物。辉长岩发育辉长—辉绿结构。结晶分异作用在岩浆演化过程中起重要作用。对从辉长岩中分选出来的锆石进行的SHRIMP年代学研究表明,辉长岩形成于308.3±1.8Ma （MSWD=0.86,n=15）。哈拉达拉岩体稀土元素配分模式与E-MORB相似,具有高Rb、Cs、Ba及Sr的特点,87Sr/86Sr初始比值0.7040~0.7050。这些特征表明,岩浆源区具有富集地幔的特征(古南天山洋俯冲流体交代形成了富集地幔)。根据平坦的稀土元素配分模式以及Gd、Sm、Nb、Zr等微量元素的地球化学行为判别,岩浆源区岩石为含角闪石的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩。批式熔融模拟计算显示,地幔岩10%~15%的部分熔融能够形成哈拉达拉岩体的母岩浆。母岩浆通过48%~50%的结晶分异作用则能够形成哈拉达拉岩体。早期结晶的橄榄石和斜长石通过堆晶作用形成橄长岩和橄榄辉长岩,剩余岩浆结晶形成辉长岩。 相似文献
6.
柴达木地块北缘牛鼻子梁镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体岩石成因与成矿条件 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
牛鼻子梁岩体位于柴达木地块西北缘。岩体出露面积约8km2,平面形态呈长条状,长轴方向近东西向。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为367.0±2.0Ma。岩体中堆晶结构、堆晶韵律和旋回发育,属典型的层状岩体。岩浆分异充分,岩石类型丰富。主要岩石类型有斜长二辉橄榄岩、斜长单辉橄榄岩、角闪二辉橄榄岩、角闪橄榄岩、角闪橄榄二辉岩、角闪二辉岩、橄榄二辉角闪石岩、角闪橄榄辉长岩、细粒辉长岩、似斑状辉长岩、暗色辉长岩、辉长岩、淡色辉长岩、石英闪长岩、英云闪长岩。岩浆源区为高镁拉斑玄武质岩浆（MgO=10.8%）,主体岩浆结晶温度为1100~1178℃。岩浆演化过程中主要发生了橄榄石的分离结晶作用,此外还有少量斜长石的分离结晶/堆晶作用。野外地质观察、岩石薄片观察及岩石地球化学特征表明岩体与围岩之间发生了较强的同化混染作用,并且同化混染强度伴随着岩浆演化过程而逐渐增大。大量的同化混染导致岩石化学系列从拉斑玄武质系列转化为钙碱性系列。岩浆源区属亏损型地幔源区。岩体形成的构造环境为大陆边缘裂解环境。从构造环境、原生岩浆、岩体类型、岩浆分异程度、岩浆含水量、同化混染和橄榄石镍含量七个方面来看牛鼻子梁岩体形成镍铜硫化物矿床的潜力很大。 相似文献
7.
岩体型斜长岩是由90%或90%以上斜长石组成的岩浆岩,常赋存岩浆型Fe-Ti-P矿床,经常出现仅由铁钛氧化物和磷灰石组成的铁钛磷灰岩(Watson,1907).目前对于这种特殊矿石的成因,主要存在结晶分异(Mclelland等,1994)和不混溶作用(Philpotts,1967)两种不同看法.河北大庙斜长岩体为中国唯一的岩体型斜长岩,其所赋存Fe-Ti-P矿床中也出现有大量的铁钛磷灰岩,本文利用电子探针方法,系统分析了大庙Fe-Ti-P矿床中铁钛磷灰岩以及其它岩石和矿石的磁铁矿和钛铁矿成分,从矿物学角度分析铁钛磷灰岩的成因. 相似文献
8.
分析了海南岛燕山晚期典型的屯昌岩体、千家岩体和保城岩体中的钾长石、斜长石、黑云母和角闪石的化学成分和成因特点。结果表明：(1)多数钾长石晶体的Or含量小于90，具岩浆结晶成因特征。大部分斜长石属奥长石一中长石，An含量与岩石的SiO2成负相关关系，显示岩浆发生了较高程度的结晶分异作用。(2)黑云母为镁质黑云母，主要为岩浆结晶成因，部分为耐熔残余。角闪石均为钙质角闪石类，既有岩浆成因的，也有次生交代成因的，以相对贫铝、富镁、(Na K)A低为显著特点。(3)岩体最终定位深度可能小于等于3．3km，温度大于等于750℃，具深源、高温、浅侵位特征。 相似文献
9.
斜长岩(anorthosite)基本是由单一矿物斜长石(含量>90%)所组成的岩浆岩。Ashwal(1993)把斜长岩分为六类:①太古宙斜长岩(富钙,斜长石An>80);②元古宙岩体型斜长岩(massif-type anorthosite);③层状镁铁质杂岩体中的斜长岩层;④大洋环境中的斜长岩;⑤其它岩浆岩中的斜长岩包体;⑥地外星体中的斜长岩,如月球斜长岩。环斑花岗岩(rapakivi)则是具有环斑结构的 A 型花岗岩(Haapapa,1999)。所谓“环斑结构”是指:①钾长石巨晶成卵球状;②部分钾长石卵球具斜长石外环;③存在两个世代的钾长石和石英。由于岩体型斜长岩和环斑花岗岩在时间、空间上有密切共生,Emslie(1991)把它们称之为 AMCG(Anorthosite-Mangerite-Charnockite-Rapakivi Granite)组合(Vorma,1976)。岩体型斜长岩和环斑花岗岩的出露远不及其它岩浆岩广泛和普遍,但它们仅赋存在前寒武纪变质地层中,而且侵位年龄主要属于中元古代, 相似文献
10.
汪洋 《大地构造与成矿学》2014,(3)
薛家石梁-黑山寨岩浆杂岩体出露于北京市昌平区东部,由上庄辉长岩、薛家石梁闪长岩、黑山寨石英二长岩、湖门二长岩和黑熊山花岗岩组成。结合薛家石梁-黑山寨杂岩体的地质产状、各类岩性的空间分布和接触关系以及侵位深度的估算结果,我们认为该杂岩体是一个被剥露出来的掀斜岩浆房。根据岩石学特征和地球化学分析结果,可将杂岩体的岩石归为5大类:(1)堆晶成因的含钒钛磁铁矿辉长岩;(2)低Ti辉长岩;(3)高Ti闪长岩;(4)高Sr低Y中酸性岩(低Ti闪长岩、二长岩、石英二长岩)和(5)黑熊山铁质花岗岩。其岩浆活动分为3批次:第1批次的原始幔源岩浆经AFC过程演化形成该杂岩体所包含的堆晶辉长岩、低Ti辉长岩、低Ti闪长岩、石英二长岩和二长岩;在岩浆房未固结时第2批次的高Ti闪长岩浆注入其中;然后是第3批次的壳源铁质花岗岩浆注入岩浆房上部。岩浆固结后该岩浆房经历了大角度掀斜,是云蒙山变质核杂岩下盘在拆离运动过程中发生背形穹弯变形的结果。该杂岩体所含的高Ti闪长岩的地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征指示当时存在亏损放射性Pb同位素的岩石圈地幔,不支持岩石圈拆沉的动力学模式。薛家石梁-黑山寨杂岩体是燕山造山带挤压变形导致的地壳增厚和增温所引起的重力崩塌过程的岩浆事件响应。 相似文献
11.
斜长岩呈长条带出露于朝鲜半岛南部,侵入到年代约为2.0Ga的Yeongnam前寒武纪基底岩石中,虽然岩石类型简单(斜长岩和辉长岩质斜长岩),但可以同世界已知块状类型斜长岩相对比。这些斜长岩具有几个重要的差别,例如呈层状构造,镁铁相成分是角闪石而不是辉石,并且不具斜方辉石巨晶。应用Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd同位素系统研究这些岩石的年龄和成因,测定出一种页理化辉长岩质斜长岩矿物的Sm-Nd等时线年龄为1678±90Ma,推断其为侵位年龄,因为中生代绿岩相变质期间这些岩石的Sm-Nd同位素体系呈封闭状态。这一年龄和过去曾报道的元古宙块状斜长岩的年龄范围(1.1~1.7Ga)相吻合。认为斜长岩成因可以用所谓元古宙斜长岩事件来解释。斜长岩的岩浆活动对朝鲜半岛南部前寒武纪基底岩石的构造历史有重要意义。全岩εNd(t)值范围-1.6~-5.2,而87Sr/86Sr初始值变化于0.704~0.706之间,据此可解释地幔成因的斜长岩岩浆是在其结晶作用期间吸收了地壳物质的结果。然而不能排除是下地壳源的可能性。 相似文献
12.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(6):547-558
Two of the most well-preserved igneous bodies in the early Preeambrian White Sea complex— the Severnyy and Yuzhnyy massifs on Pezhostrov Island—have been studied in order to gain a better understanding of ultramafic-mafic magmatism in the Belomorian tectonic block. These massifs represent portions of a single, differentiated pluton, ranging in composition from lherzolite to gabbronorite to anorthosite. Mineral-chemical and trace-element compositions of chill margins from this pluton were used to model the differentiation in this ancient magma chamber. Major-element compositions of minerals suggest that plagioclase in these rocks is not in equilibrium with the mafic minerals. This possibly is the result of suspension of less dense, early-formed plagioclase in more dense, early residual liquids. Later, as the liquid density decreased because of precipitation of mafic phases, plagioclase began to precipitate. We speculate that the liquid density did not decrease to a point where plagioclase would settle, until after 15 to 30% crystallization of the parent magma. However, this early-formed plagioclase would not have been in chemical equilibrium with the later-forming mafic silicates. Toward the end of crystallization in the chamber, plagioclase precipitated in equilibrium with the mafic minerals. Trace-element modeling indicates that the rocks that form the pluton originally were precipitated as liquid-dominated cumulates. The trace-element and mineral-chemical compositions of the parent liquid (s) of the Pezhostrov pluton were enriched in the LILE (Sr, Rb, Ba, La) and depleted in the HFSE (Zr, Ti, Y) relative to present-day MORB. These magmas are suggested to be roughly boninitic in composition, and are similar to those parental to other mafic plutons of similar age worldwide, including the Stillwater intrusion, Montana, USA. Thus, this character of magmatism may represent an important episode of mantle melting worldwide during the late Archean and early Proterozoic. 相似文献
13.
Nicholas Arndt 《地学前缘(英文版)》2013,4(2):195-198
Massif anorthosites form when basaltic magma differentiates in crustal magma chambers to form low-density plagioclase and a residual liquid whose density was greater than that of enclosing crustal rocks. The plagioclase and minor pyroxene crystallized in-situ on the floor of the magma chamber to produce the anorthosite complex, and the residual liquid migrated downwards, eventually to solidify as dense Fe-rich cumulates some of which were removed to the mantle. These movements were facilitated by high temperatures in Proterozoic continental crust, thus explaining the restriction of large anorthosite massifs to this period in Earth history. 相似文献
14.
Nelsonite and Fe–Ti oxides ore are common in Proterozoic massif-type anorthosites and layered intrusions. Their geneses have long been controversial, with existing hypotheses including liquid immiscibility between Si-rich and Fe–Ti–P-rich melts and gravitational fractionation among apatite, magnetite, ilmenite and silicates. In this paper, we report detailed field geology and mineral geochemical studies of the nelsonite and Fe–Ti oxides ore from the Damiao anorthosite complex, NE China. Geological observations indicate that the nelsonite and Fe–Ti oxides ore occur as irregularly inclined stratiform-like or lensoid or veins, and are in sharp contact with the anorthosite and gabbronorite. The widespread veins and lenses structure of the Damiao nelsonite and Fe–Ti oxides ore in the anorthosite indicates their immiscibility-derived origin. The apatite in the nelsonite and gabbronorite shows evolution trends different from that in the gabbronorite in the diagrams of Sr versus REEs and Eu/Eu*, suggesting that petrogenesis of the nelsonite and gabbronorite is different from the gabbronorite. Compared with the gabbronorite, the nelsonite and Fe–Ti oxides ore have magnetite high in Cr, plagioclase high in Sr and low in An, and apatite high in Sr, low in REEs with negative Eu anomaly. The evidence permits us to propose that the Damiao Fe–Ti oxides ore/nelsonite and gabbronorite were derived from different parental magmas. The gabbronorite was formed by solidification of the interstitial ferrodioritic magma in the anorthosite, which was the residual magma after extensive plagioclase and pyroxene crystallization and was carried upward by the plagioclase crystal mesh. In contrast, the Fe–Ti oxides ore and nelsonites and mangerite were produced by crystallization of the Fe–Ti–P-rich and SiO2-rich magmas, respectively, due to the liquid immiscibility that occurred when the highly evolved ferrodioritic magma mixed with newly replenished magmas. The variation from Fe–Ti oxides ore to nelsonite and gabbro-nelsonite upwards (as apatite content increases with height) in the steeply inclined Fe–Ti oxides orebodies suggest that gravity fractionation may have played important roles during the crystallization of the Fe–Ti–P-rich magma. 相似文献
15.
Fe-Ti deposits in Rogaland anorthosites (South Norway): geochemical characteristics and problems of interpretation 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
J. C. Duchesne 《Mineralium Deposita》1999,34(2):182-198
The Rogaland anorthosite province (S. Norway) contains numerous Fe-Ti oxide deposits, including the second most important ilmenite deposit in the world, the Tellnes deposit. The largest deposits are located in the Åna-Sira anorthosite massif. Others occur in the Håland-Helleren anorthosite massif, particularly along the deformed contact with the Egersund-Ogna massif, where they were previously considered formed by metasomatic processes. All deposits are now regarded as magmatic. The structure, mineralogy and geochemistry of 11 selected Fe-Ti deposits (Tellnes, Storgangen, Blåfjell, Laksedal, Kydlandsvatn, Kagnuden, Rødemyr, Hestnes, Eigerøy, Svånes, and Jerneld) are discussed in light of recent models proposed for the origin of Rogaland anorthosites and related rocks. Massif-type anorthosites result from the diapiric uprise of a plagioclase crystal mush which crystallized along a large P–T interval. Except for Tellnes, which is related to a post-deformation dyke, the Fe-Ti deposits in anorthosite massifs have been deformed by this movement during and after their crystallization. The differentiation process of the jotunitic parental magma has built up cumulates in the Bjerkreim-Sokndal layered intrusion and liquids in the Tellnes dyke and other jotunitic intrusions. Ilmenite is a liquidus mineral immediately after plagioclase in the sequence of crystallization of these jotunites, its interstitial character in the rocks resulting from subsolidus recrystallization. Ilmenite can thus accumulate early in the evolution of jotunitic magmas. This feature, together with high contents in Cr, V, Mg and Ni, links the Jerneld, Blåfjell and Svånes deposits (type?1) to the early evolution of a jotunitic magma. In the Bjerkreim-Sokndal intrusion, magnetite can appear with ilmenite at the very beginning of the sequence of crystallization, but normally crystallizes after orthopyroxene and before clinopyroxene and apatite. The early appearance of magnetite is a characteristic feature of type 2 deposits (Tellnes, Storgangen, Kydlandsvatn, Rødemyr I) and suggests conditions similar to the early magnetite cumulates in the Bjerkreim-Sokndal intrusion. Evidence of layering further favours gravity-controlled sorting processes to concentrate the oxides. Large-scale subsolidus segregation of the oxides due to high-temperature deformation can further concentrate these minerals in silicate-absent meter-sized masses. Type 3 deposits (Rødemyr II, Kagnuden, Hestnes and Eigerøy) could be derived from the more evolved stages of differentiation, as indicated by high REE in apatite, high Ti and Zn in magnetite and relatively low Cr, V, Mg, Ni contents in both oxides. The Cr content in both oxide minerals is however higher than in the equivalent cumulates of the Bjerkreim-Sokndal intrusion. Although immiscibility as the mechanism of enrichment leading to silicate-absent oxide-apatite veins, as in Hestnes and Eigerøy, cannot be precluded, there is no direct evidence in the veins, nor has any structural or geochemical evidence of immiscibility ever been found in jotunite dykes and Fe-Ti-P-rich rocks. Further investigations on the influence of subsolidus exchange of elements between the two oxides are needed to improve the use of trace elements as differentiation indexes. 相似文献
16.
河北大庙Fe-Ti-P矿床中铁钛磷灰岩的成因: 来自磷灰石的证据 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
铁钛磷灰岩仅由磷灰石和铁钛氧化物组成,常赋存于岩体型斜长岩中,成因上有不混溶和分异堆晶两种不同的认识。本文从磷灰石角度讨论河北大庙铁钛磷灰岩的形成机制。大庙铁钛磷灰岩常产出于浸染状Fe—P矿体内部,有时与块状铁矿石交互出现形成韵律条带状矿石,为岩浆结晶分异的产物。铁钛磷灰岩中磷灰石呈浑圆状,含量变化于15％-34％。铁钛磷灰岩的全岩和磷灰石微量元素分析显示,磷灰石比全岩相对富集稀土元素达2．96—6．93倍,但两者的配分型式基本平行。质量平衡计算（Rocl／F）的结果表明,铁钛磷灰岩中几乎100％的稀土元素赋存于磷灰石中。综合上述特征,反映磷灰石为结晶分离的堆晶矿物,铁钛磷灰岩应为堆晶成因。因为如果磷灰石结晶于铁钛磷灰岩不混溶熔体,它的稀土元素分配系数也不会变化达2．3倍（变化于2．96—6．93）。计算出该磷灰石的母岩浆稀土元素组成,与浸染状Fe．P矿石最为相似,结合它与铁钛磷灰岩之间紧密共生的野外特征以及相似的全岩及磷灰石稀土元素配分型式,认为磷灰石最可能是在浸染状Fe．P矿浆中,经结晶分离作用形成铁钛磷灰岩。 相似文献
17.
Jean H. Bédard 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2001,141(6):747-771
Equilibrium melt trace element contents are calculated from Proterozoic Nain Plutonic Suite (NPS) mafic and anorthositic cumulates, and from plagioclase and orthopyroxene megacrysts. Assumed trapped melt fractions (TMF) <20% generally eliminate all minor phases in most mafic cumulate rocks, reducing them to mixtures of feldspar, pyroxene and olivine, which would represent the high-temperature cumulus assemblage. In anorthosites, TMF <15% generally reduce the mode to a feldspar-only assemblage. All model melts have trace element profiles enriched in highly incompatible elements relative to normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (NMORB); commonly with negative Nb and Th anomalies. Most mafic cumulates yield similar profiles with constant incompatible element ratios, and can be linked through fractional crystallization. High K-La subtypes probably represent crust-contaminated facies. Mafic cumulates are inferred to belong to a tholeiitic differentiation series, variably contaminated by upper and lower crustal components, and probably related to coeval tholeiitic basaltic dyke swarms and lavas in Labrador. Model melts from anorthosites and megacrysts have normalized trace element profiles with steeper slopes than those calculated from mafic cumulates, indicating that mafic cumulates and anorthosites did not crystallize from the same melts. Orthopyroxene megacrysts yield model melts that are more enriched than typical anorthositic model melts, precluding an origin from parental melts. Jotunites have lower K-Rb-Ba-Y-Yb and higher La-Ce than model residues from fractionation of anorthositic model melts, suggesting they are not cosanguineous with them, but provide reasonable fits to evolved mafic cumulate model melts. Incompatible element profiles of anorthositic model melts closely resemble those of crustal melts such as tonalites, with steep Y-Yb-Lu segments that suggest residual garnet in the source. Inversion models yield protoliths similar to depleted lower crustal granulite xenoliths with aluminous compositions, suggesting that the incompatible trace element budget of the anorthosites are derived from remobilization of the lower crust. The similarity of the highly incompatible trace elements and LILE between anorthositic and mafic cumulate model melts suggests that the basalts parental to the mafic cumulates locally assimilated considerable quantities of the same crust that yielded the anorthosites. The reaction between underplating basalt and aluminous lower crust would have forced crystallization of abundant plagioclase, and remobilization of these hybrid plagioclase-rich mushes then produced the anorthosite massifs. 相似文献
18.
A. M. Larin A. B. Kotov E. B. Sal’nikova V. A. Glebovitskii M. K. Sukhanov S. Z. Yakovleva V. P. Kovach N. G. Berezhnaya S. D. Velikoslavinskii M. D. Tolkachev 《Petrology》2006,14(1):2-20
The autonomous (massif-type) anorthosite massifs of the Kalar Complex (2623 ± 23 Ma) intrude high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Kurulta tectonic block at the junction of the Aldan and Dzhugdzhur-Stanovoi fold area. These rocks belong to the most ancient anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) magmatic association, whose origin was constrained to the Mesoproterozoic (1.8–1.1 Ga). The charnockites are typical high-potassium reduced granites like rapakivi, which affiliate with the A type. The Nd and Pb isotopic composition of these rocks suggests their predominantly crustal genesis, whereas the anorthosites were most probably produced by a mantle magma that was significantly contaminated by crustal material at various depth levels. The intrusions of the Kalar Complex were emplaced in a postcollision environment, with the time gap between the collisional event and the emplacement of these massifs no longer than 30 m.y. The southern Siberian Platform includes two definitely distinguished and spatially separated AMCG associations, which have different ages and tectonic settings: (i) the Late Archean (2.62 Ga) postcollision Kalar plutonic complex and (ii) the Early Proterozoic (1.74–1.70 Ga) anorogenic Ulkan-Dzhugdzhur volcano-plutonic complex. 相似文献
19.
The origin of anorthosite and associated igneous gabbronorite and ferrodiorite was investigated through detailed study of
a typical massif-type anorthosite complex from Gruber, Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. Field observations showed
that the Gruber Complex is made up of gabbronorite-anorthosite pluton which was intruded by ferrodiorite dykes. Systematic
samples collected from the Gruber Complex revealed significant geochemical variations within the region. Four rock types have
been identified, based on modal proportions of mineral phases and their geochemistry data. Clinopyroxene-gabbronorite and
plagioclase-gabbronorite are the two types of gabbronorite with the dominance of clinopyroxene and plagioclase, respectively.
Anorthosite is represented by rocks having predominance of plagioclase with minor clinopyroxene. Ferrodiorite is characterized
by modal abundance of orthopyroxene and Fe-Ti oxide. Major and trace element systematics showed that all the four rock types
are co-magmatic and are related through fractional crystallization. Based on this study, it is reported that clinopyroxene
was the first phase to crystallize followed by plagioclase and then Fe-Ti oxides. Furthermore, trace element composition of
the parental melt was calculated using LA-ICPMS analysis of the most primitive, pure clinopyroxene found in the clinopyroxene
gabbronorite. Our analyses suggested that the parental melt was similar to that of continental arc basalt and showed signatures
of subduction-related metasomatism. Based on mineral chemical and geochemical data, it is interpreted that the parent melt
went through changing sequence of crystallization which led to the formation of massive anorthosite. 相似文献