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1.
We propose a combined method based on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) and analytic hierarchy process
(AHP) to investigate the challenges and prospects of adopting geographic information systems (GIS) in developing countries.
In this context, we identify, group, and analyse SWOT indicators in relation to the main GIS components: data, people, and
technology. The relative significance of each SWOT indicator and its related SWOT groups in each GIS component is quantified.
The method is then applied in a situation assessment of GIS adoption in the governmental organisations and strategic planning.
The SWOT–AHP approach proves to be very useful in identifying and quantifying the relative significance of the major factors
affecting GIS implementation, and effectively facilitates GIS strategic planning.
相似文献
2.
嵌入式GIS的发展及开发实践 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
介绍了嵌入式GIS及其涉及的相关技术，阐述了在开发嵌入式GIS过程中应注意的问题，并结合开发实例介绍了嵌入式GIS的实现和功能。 相似文献
3.
International collaborations between private companies, national research laboratories, and universities in the field of GIS have opened up new ways of exchanging knowledge and experiences between different countries. However, when a collaboration involves the actual design and implementation of an operational GIS, rather than simply theoretical or applied research, or the development of specific applications, many problems can arise, sometimes leading either to the partial success or to the complete failure of a project. Some of these problems are frequently encountered in all kinds of international collaborations: problems arising from different cultural mentalities, difficulties establishing a single common leadership, difficulties with communication and information exchange, and so on. Problems relating to the specific nature of GIS are also present, for example the absence of digital geographic data format standards, the absence of metadata standards, the omission of GIS or IS design methods, etc. This paper focuses on a joint Sino-Belgian project for the design and implementation of an urban geographical information system (UGIS) integrating remote sensing techniques in Hangzhou city, China and examines the general, specific, and international aspects of the problems encountered in an international collaboration. 相似文献
4.
'Situating' Simulation to Model Human Spatio-Temporal Interactions: An Example Using Crime Events 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Elizabeth R Groff 《Transactions in GIS》2007,11(4):507-530
Many social phenomena have a spatio‐temporal dimension and involve dynamic decisions made by individuals. In the past, researchers have often turned to geographic information systems (GIS) to model these interactions. Although GIS provide a powerful tool for examining the spatial aspects of these interactions, they are unable to model the dynamic, individual‐level interactions across time and space. In an attempt to address these issues, some researchers have begun to use simulation models. But these models rely on artificial landscapes that do not take into account the environment in which humans move and interact. This research presents the methodology for ‘situating’ simulation through the use of a new modeling tool, Agent Analyst, which integrates agent‐based modeling (ABM) and GIS. Three versions of a model of street robbery are presented to illustrate the importance of using ‘real’ data to inform agent activity spaces and movement. The successful implementation of this model demonstrates that: (1) agents can move along existing street networks; (2) land use patterns can be used to realistically distribute agent's homes and activities across a city; and (3) the incidence and pattern of street robberies is significantly different when ‘real’ data are used. 相似文献
5.
随着智慧城市的建设,传统二维GIS系统亟待与三维GIS形成一体化系统,不仅可以发挥二维系统强大的空间分析及平面显示效果,还能利用三维GIS的虚拟现实功能实现二维系统无法企及的高端真实场景虚拟效果。本文研究了基于OSG三维虚拟显示引擎和Flex系列RIA技术的二三维一体化系统实现技术及效果。 相似文献
6.
软件体系结构是一个系统设计成败的关键，本文在比较和分析Web Services的两大开发平台J2EE与．NET的基础上，提出了基于Web Services的农业GIS体系结构，并以J2EE为平台，设计了基于Web Services的农业GIS体系结构。 相似文献
7.
软件体系结构是一个系统设计成败的关键,本文在比较和分析Web Services的两大开发平台J2EE与.NET的基础上,提出了基于Web Services的农业GIS体系结构,并以J2EE为平台,设计了基于Web Services的农业GIS体系结构。 相似文献
8.
Paul W. Box 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2000,2(1):49-54
GIS and spatial analysis is suited mainly for static pictures of the landscape, but many of the processes that need exploring
are dynamic in nature. Dynamic processes can be complex when put in a spatial context; our ability to study such processes
will probably come with advances in understanding complex systems in general. Cellular automata and agent-based models are
two prime candidates for exploring complex spatial systems, but are difficult to implement. Innovative tools that help build
complex simulations will create larger user communities, who will probably find novel solutions for understanding complexity.
A significant source for such innovations is likely to be from the collective efforts of hobbyists and part-time programmers,
who have been dubbed “garage-band scientists” in the popular press. 相似文献
9.
The Hidden GIS Technocracy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):78-83
The trend toward geographic information systems that are more powerful, less expensive, and easier to use seems to be unequivocally a democratizing, counter-technocracy trend, but goes hand in hand with a centralization of the geographic modeling programming that underpins the GIS. These paradoxical trends give the illusion of growing democratization of GIS technology, while in reality, there is a growing danger of a hidden GIS technocracy, owing primarily to the lack of recognition that such a technocracy exists. While the decentralization of the technology is likely to prevent any major widespread cataclysms, individual organizations implementing a GIS may experience problems caused by the implementation of geographic modeling programs that may be inappropriate to their needs. The remedy for such problems is awareness of the hidden technocracy and of the potential for trouble. One way to increase this awareness is to promote the use of lineage information for the geographical models embedded in geographic information systems in the same way that the GIS community has pressed for lineage information on databases. 相似文献
10.
城市人口地理信息系统建设模式探讨 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
分析了国内外人口地理信息系统的发展概况，简述了目前我国建立城市人口地理信息系统的技术、数据基础和社会背景，初步提出一种建设城市人口地理信息系统的三层结构模式，以广州市的具体情况为例，探讨了人口地理信息系统建设过程中数据，数据库设计、人口数据仓库的建立、城市综合数据分析方法等关键问题。 相似文献
11.
Economic, legal, and public policy issues influencing the creation, accessibility, and use of GIS databases 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DAVID W RHIND 《Transactions in GIS》1996,1(1):3-12
Rhind (1992) argued that government data policies and Intellectual Property Righr (IPR) considerations would play an increasingly large role in influencing the use of GIS. This has proved to be correct in general but the non-technical factors affecting data collection, supply, and price have become ever more complex. Indeed, one characteristic of the present situation is that it is now impossible to consider the legal, economic, and public policy issues in isolation. Consequently, this paper sets out to identify the interactions between them and the areas of conflict. It draws upon the literature of a much wider area than traditional GIS. This approach is essential because of two factors. The first is that GIS databases are presently of modest commercial value compared to some other data and hence key decisions on IPR, etc are being made outside our discipline. The second is that the nature of GIS databases is mutating rapidly through the wider use of multi-media and of the internet. It is concluded that the future is largely unpredictable in any detail since the interactions differ in different countries and at different moments in time. In many cases, however, revenue generation from sales or leasing of data or from services built upon data exploitation is likely to be a characteristic of both the public and the private sectors. Such charging has observable beneficial effects to set against the frequently claimed disadvantages, whether measured in financial, legal, or public access terms. 相似文献
12.
13.
The Potential of Maps APIs for Internet GIS Applications 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
T Edwin Chow 《Transactions in GIS》2008,12(2):179-191
Since the launching of Maps Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) in 2005, many web developers, including geographers and non‐geographers, applauded the freely adaptable tools and used them to spawn numerous Internet applications. The success of the Maps APIs is largely attributable to its no‐cost policy, the availability of global data coverage, dynamic navigation, query capability, and ease of implementation. Despite its versatility in dynamic exploration of geographic data online, the existing Maps APIs lack Geographic Information System (GIS) functionalities compared to other Internet Mapping Services. The goal of this research was to review the potential of the Maps APIs for Internet GIS applications. This research employed the Google Maps API and developed a web prototype that disseminates spatial information of urban sprawl in Mundy Township, Michigan. The results revealed that both vector and raster data could be effectively represented by using the Maps API. Moreover, the Geographic Markup Language (GML) approach illustrated great potential for developing Internet GIS solutions around open specifications. This research suggested several potential solutions to expand the spectrum of GIS operations of the Maps APIs by incorporating the XML‐related technology and extending the JavaScript library. 相似文献
14.
Many organisations are today working at establishing information systems and quite a few exist already. When it comes to geographical information systems (GIS), the geographical reference will soon be solved. All new mapping in Denmark is digital and in 1992–93 the country will have complete coverage. In addition, many public registers are already computerised. A lot of other information sources, like utility networks, are still to be converted. As these developments are in the hands of many different organisations, both private and governmental, this paper will deal with the efforts made to co-ordinate various activities in a strongly competitive world. As there is a distinct difference between large scale and small scale GIS activities, this paper will deal mainly with large scale GIS, as should be the case when considering GIS and photogrammetry. 相似文献
15.
Ricardo DELGADO TELLEZ Ershun ZHONG Yang ZUHU Arisleydis PEÑA DE LA CRUZ 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(2):120-129
This paper presents a Spatial Decision Support System for local governments of developing countries. It allows municipality government, enterprises, scientific community and civil society to address decision problems using GIS. The framework is supported by four modules of information technologies: Environmental Decision Support Database, Data Manipulation, Decision Support, and Mapping. A case study is presented covering the implementation of this framework in one municipality of Cuba. An example of land suitability planning for coconut crops is used to evaluate the system performance and usability. Results show local municipalities are able to use this framework to solve local decision problems using state of the art decision making even with low infrastructure development. 相似文献
16.
异构地理信息处理环境互操作的Internet GIS方法 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
提出了异构地理信息处理环境互操作的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ ＧＩＳ方法和基于互操作性的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ ＧＩＳ构造模型,即分布式超图模型,阐述了其具体实现过程,并以自主开发的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ ＧＩＳＧｅｏＳｕｒｆ为例验证了此方法。 相似文献
17.
立足于组件式GIS技术,结合哈尔滨市基础空间地理信息系统的建设与实施,阐述了利用组件式GIS平台进行GIS建设的方式、方法以及采用该方法的优势、现状和未来的发展趋势等内容。 相似文献
18.
全插件GIS应用框架的设计与实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对传统GIS开发模式复用程度低、可扩展性差、集成调试难度高等弊端,提出可以简化开发过程,提高开发效率的全插件GIS应用框架的解决方案,文中对.NET平台的插件技术,以及基于全插件框架理念的UGISFrame Work框架的设计与实现进行了详细阐述。 相似文献
19.
Wayne L. Myers 《国际地球制图》2013,28(2):49-54
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology has had its genesis in the sophisticated computational context of research laboratories and commerical computing. Proprietary packages and a plethora of peripherals present problems in propagating GIS technology, both in developing countries and in conventional classroom settings. GISTARS (Geographic Information STARter System) is a training package developed under the auspices of the Office for Remote Sensing of Earth Resources at Penn State University by the author with support from USAID/India to promte interest in and understanding of GIS technology. It runs on generic PC‐compatible microcomputers having one or more diskette drives and a CGA card. A simple analog overlay device has been developed for converting source maps to digital form, so that training can be conducted without an electric digitizer. Documentation/tutorials are self‐contained. The software in executable form is non‐proprietary and may be freely copied and redistributed. It has served as the basis for a series of introductory GIS workshops given by the author in India. 相似文献
20.
Local Weighted Linear Combination 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Jacek Malczewski 《Transactions in GIS》2011,15(4):439-455
The article focuses on one of the most often used GIS‐based multicriteria analysis methods: the weighted linear combination (WLC). The WLC model has traditionally been used as a global approach based on the implicit assumption that its parameters do not vary as a function of geographical space. This assumption is often unrealistic in real‐world situations. The article proposes a new approach to GIS‐based multicriteria analysis. It develops a local form of the global WLC model. The range sensitivity principle is used as a central concept for developing the local WLC model. The principle postulates that the greater the range of criterion values is, the greater the weight assigned to that criterion should be. Consequently, the local criterion weight can be defined for each neighborhood within a study area as a function of the range of criterion values in a given neighborhood. The range of criterion values provides also the base for defining the local value function. The article presents the theory behind the local WLC modeling and illustrates an implementation of the model in a GIS environment. 相似文献