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1.
研究石油中有机酸的生成过程对研究储层改造、石油润湿性及页岩油可动性评价具有重要意义。在热压生烃模拟实验基础上,对Ⅲ型烃源岩不同演化阶段生成油中的非烃馏分进行了负离子电喷雾傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱分析,研究了烃源岩生成有机酸过程。对样品生成有机酸分析表明,在整个演化过程烃源岩都能生成有机酸,在低演化阶段主要生成脂肪酸,随演化程度的升高,脂肪酸丰度快速减少,芳环酸开始大量生成。随演化程度的增加,芳环上短链取代基发生断裂,并促进了有机酸的缩合,使得生成的有机酸缩合度逐渐提高,高碳数有机酸逐渐减少;烃源岩生成脂肪酸系列中存在偶奇优势,生成的C16、C18脂肪酸存在异常高丰度, C16、C18脂肪酸异常丰度现象可能是污染造成的,是否与烃源岩类型及成熟度有关尚需进一步研究。 相似文献
2.
东濮凹陷盐湖相原油中杂原子化合物研究薄弱。采用高分辨率质谱结合色谱-质谱技术,对东濮凹陷盐湖相、淡水湖相原油中的含硫化物进行了检测。结果表明,原油中含有丰富的含硫化合物,S1和O1S1占绝对优势,咸水相原油富含S1类、淡水相原油相对富集O1S1类,指示O1S1/S1具有原始沉积环境指示意义。东濮盐湖相原油中的硫化物富含碳数为C27-35、C40的化合物,与原油中丰富的甾类、藿烷类与β-胡萝卜类化合物碳数相吻合,指示菌藻类、色素类生源的重要贡献。随成熟度增加,硫化物缩合度增加、烷基侧链碳数范围降低,相关参数DBE6/DBE12-S1、DBE3+6/DBE12+15+18-S1等可用于辅助评价原油成熟度。东濮低熟油含有丰富的低热稳定性硫化物,指示富硫干酪根和/或富硫大分子低温降解是低熟油形成的重要机制之一。 相似文献
3.
刍云深水凹陷高成熟原油芳烃地球化学特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对白云凹陷采集的27个原油样品的芳烃组成进行了系统的研究。其分布特征和相对含量表明,原油母质具明显的陆源高等植物输入特征,沉积环境以氧化环境为主,根据萘系列、菲系列、二苯并噻吩系列化合物的相对含量分布差异,优选有效的烷基萘、烷基菲、烷基二苯并噻吩成熟度指标,综合分析了白云凹陷原油成熟度特征。原油总体属于成熟一高成熟原油,结合生物标志化合物组成可划分为A、B两类,A类原油的成熟度高于B类原油。还选用有效的成熟度参数探讨了白云凹陷油气运移规律,如三甲基萘比值,该参数指示油气运移方向沿白云主洼中心向周围运移,且邻近番禺低隆起,运移方向由西向东,即沿着成熟度由高到低方向运移。 相似文献
4.
为揭示不同成因类型原油的三维全扫描荧光特征及其主控因素,对50个不同成因类型的原油的三维荧光特征进行了分析。原油样品代表了未熟—低熟至高成熟度范畴原油、淡水与咸水湖相、沼泽相成因原油、高蜡低硫与低蜡高硫油、常规油与重质油等类型。结果表明,分析原油三维荧光谱图及其定量参数有所差异。原油的荧光强度随芳烃含量增加而增加,沼泽相高蜡油荧光强度总体高于湖相原油;荧光强度随成熟度增加而降低、荧光主峰波长随成熟度增加而变短,反映芳烃总量与相对高分子量芳烃丰度具有降低趋势。稠油的荧光谱图不同于常规油,具有波长分布范围宽、主峰不明显等特征。成熟度、母源岩有机质类型与生源、次生改造等多种因素对原油的三维荧光特征有控制作用。 相似文献
5.
The acidic and neutral NSO compounds in a series of Duvernay-sourced oils in Canada, which are believed to have migrated extensively over relatively long distances such as along the Rimbey-Meadowbrook reef trends, were characterized by negative-ion electrospray (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Heteroatomic compounds were characterized according to their class (number of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur heteroatoms), degree of aromaticity [rings plus double bonds (DBE)] and carbon number distribution. The N1, N1O1, N1O2, N1S1, O1 and O2 classes were identified in Duvernay-sourced oils. With increasing migration distance, the relative abundance of O2, N1O1 and N1O2 showed a significant decrease, while the O1 class increased from < 10% to nearly 30% of the total. With increasing migration along the Rimbey-Meadowbrook reef trend, pyrrolic nitrogen compounds (N1 class) shows an enrichment of alkylcarbazoles (DBE = 9) relative to alkylbenzocarbazoles (DBE = 12), and of higher homologous relative to the lower homologous. O1 compounds show a relative enrichment of those with low DBE values. Additionally, the N1O1 and N1S1 compounds show a relative enrichment of those with high DBE values, and of higher homologues compared to the lower homologues, indicating great potential for developing new migration indices. 相似文献
6.
鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油芳烃地球化学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油进行系统地采样和高分辨率的GC-MS分析,研究了原油的芳烃组成特征,进行了油源对比,探讨了原油成因。结果表明:所分析原油属于同一成因类型;烷基萘和含硫芳烃的分布特征与有机质类型和沉积环境密切相关;西峰油田原油形成于弱还原环境,为菌藻类和高等植物母质来源,特别是高等植物为原油的形成做出了重要贡献,成熟度较高。原油地球化学特征和上三叠统延长组长7油层组烃源岩相似,反映了原油主要来源于长7油层组。这些研究结果为盆地石油的进一步勘探提供了一定科学依据。 相似文献
7.
低熟油、烃源岩中含氮化合物分布规律及其地球化学意义 总被引：18，自引：3，他引：18
对八面河地区原油、油砂以及不同成熟度和岩性有异的烃源岩中吡咯类化俣物的分布特征及其潜在的地球化学意义进行了探讨。结果表明，随着成熟度的增加，八面河地区烃源岩中吡咯类化合物中屏蔽化程度高的异构体比屏蔽化程度低的异构体富集，咔唑及苯并咔唑系列中低相对分子质量的同系物比高相对分子质量的同系物富集，苯并[a]咔唑比苯并[c]咔唑富集。八面河地区原油中吡咯类化合物有较为明显的运移分馏效应，观察到高、低相对分子质量的同系物间的运移分馏效应比不同类型异构体间的分馏效应更为显著，而前者受成熟度的影响可能相对小于后者；发现吡咯类化合物的油气运移分馏效应不仅体现于不同氮官能团屏蔽、半屏蔽和暴露三类异构体间，同样体现于同一类型的同分导师构体之间，指示此类化合物有较强的活性。吡咯类化俣物与烃类化合物一样具有多方面潜在的地球化学意义。 相似文献
8.
9.
Polarized macromolecular compounds in typical lacustrine and marine shale oils collected from the Ordos Basin and Tarim Basin of China were analyzed by FT-ICR-MS. Maturity was taken into consideration by diagenesis physical simulation experiments on shale oils, which had been collected at various temperature and pressure stages. The results showed that similar components existed in non-hydrocarbon and asphaltenes and the main peak compound classes of Nl and 02 were potential parameters for identifying typical marine oil and lacustrine oil in China. Nitrogen compounds/（nitrogen compounds and oxygen compounds）, such as Nl/（O2＋Nt）, NL/（Oa＋Nt）, Ni/（NiO1＋N1O2） are the maturity indicators, which are related with C-N and C-O bond energy. Differences in molecular components and weights between marine and lacustrine oils are the effective index to identify source maturity and sedimentary environment. 相似文献
10.
采用人工合成标准物质共注实验、与文献报道的保留指数对比并结合异构体的结构及性质的方法,对石油和沉积有机质中 C3-和 C4-烷基取代二苯并噻吩类含硫多环芳烃化合物进行了系统的鉴定。确定了常规色谱质谱（GC-MS）分析中,烷基取代二苯并噻吩异构体在 HP-5MS （5%-苯基甲基聚硅氧烷）色谱柱上的标准保留指数。确认了前人初步鉴定的部分三甲基二苯并噻吩异构体甲基取代基位置,初步比较了 C3-和 C4-烷基取代二苯并噻吩在不同成因石油和沉积有机质中的分布特征,初步探讨了 C3-和 C4-烷基取代二苯并噻吩潜在的地球化学意义。研究结果为今后进一步探索烷基取代二苯并噻吩系列在石油和沉积有机质中的地球化学意义奠定了可靠的基础。 相似文献
11.
Cs. Sajg 《Organic Geochemistry》2000,31(12)
Biological marker maturity parameters were used to estimate the minimum HC generation temperatures of crude oils from Eastern Hungary. More than 50 oils and oil shows were analysed. Molecular- and homologous-ratios of biological marker compounds (triterpanes, steranes, mono- and triaromatic steroid hydrocarbons) were used as maturation parameters. The oils have at least five maturity stages, i.e. they have been generated under different thermal conditions. The highest reservoir temperature in each group was chosen as the best estimate of the groups' temperature just below the generation temperature, i.e. reservoirs of the group might be expected to be at shallower depths (lower temperatures) than those of the generation zone due to vertical migration into pools. For each maturation level, a threshold temperature range for genesis was inferred from reservoir temperatures; they are from 130–135°C for the least mature oils to 210–215°C for the most mature oils. In the least mature oils cracking was not observed, hence carbon–carbon cracking reactions had not taken place during their genesis. The most mature oils are intensively cracked oils; they are almost condensates. Two major genetic groups (families) of oils were found in the area. Both are present in each maturation level. The effects of migration were checked, and no influence on maturation was found. A number of the oils are in overpressured reservoirs within, or just above, the zone of the present-day active oil generation, hence the present-day temperatures of the pools must have been maximum temperatures. Contrary to the traditionally accepted temperature range for petroleum generation–maturation reactions (50–150°C), there is strong evidence from this study that the onset of oil generation requires temperatures higher than 130°C and is still proceeding above 215°C. 相似文献
12.
金湖凹陷西斜坡油气运移分子地球化学研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
应用非烃技术、多馏分绝对定量技术,在分析苏北金湖凹陷原油、烃源岩地球化学特征、油源对比的基础上,重点对吡咯类含氮化合物在岩-油、油-油运移中的分馏效应进行了研究,并对骨架相似的另两类杂原子化合物-氧芴 (二苯并呋喃 )、硫芴 (二苯并噻吩 )的运移分馏效应作了初步探讨。结果表明,金湖凹陷西斜坡原油中吡咯类化合物具有较好的运移分馏效应,油气主体运移方向为东北至西南,相邻的三河次凹为其主要的油源区;杂原子化合物-氧芴、硫芴系列运移分馏效应不及吡咯类;绝对定量技术可弥补常规生物标志物在油气二次运移过程中异构体间分馏效应难以观察的不足,可作为继非烃技术后的另一评价油气运移过程的重要工具。 相似文献
13.
Clifford C. Walters Kuangnan Qian Chunping Wu Anthony S. Mennito Zhibin Wei 《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(9):999-1006
Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) involves a complex series of redox reactions whereby petroleum is oxidized by sulfate forming H2S and CO2. A highly aromatic, sulfur rich carbonaceous residue, which we define as TSR-solid bitumen, is commonly seen in reservoir rocks where TSR has occurred. Using atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry, we find that TSR altered oils and condensates contain highly condensed polynuclear aromatic and naphthenoaromatic species with 0–3 S atoms. These chemical species are not present in petroleum fluids of equivalent maturity that have not experienced TSR and must have been formed by the TSR process. We call these species proto-solid bitumen as they represent the type of organic compounds that could easily precipitate from the TSR altered oils with slight chemical alteration or changes in reservoir conditions. 相似文献
14.
生物降解作用对原油中烷基菲分布的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
辽河盆地冷东油田原油来源单一,成熟度相近,生物降解是导致原油中烷基菲含量和组成发生变化的主要原因。通过对不同降解程度油砂样品中烷基菲含量和分布的详细地球化学分析,发现中等程度生物降解（3到5级）使烷基菲含量大大降低,而异构体相对含量的变化主要发生在中等程度生物降解之后（4级以上）,原油遭受4级以下生物降解影响时,烷基菲参数仍能有效指示成熟度。烷基菲生物降解的难易程度明显受烷基化程度的控制,C3-菲比低烷基取代化合物的抗生物降解能力强,但甲基菲比菲更容易降解,推测这与甲基菲的脱甲基作用有关。生物降解对烷基菲各异构体的消耗有强烈的选择性,在9位或 10位上取代的烷基菲比其他位置取代的烷基菲抗生物降解能力强,根据烷基菲系列中化合物相对含量随生物降解程度的变化,确定了甲基菲、C2-菲和C3-菲各异构体的生物降解顺序,研究成果为芳烃成熟度参数的合理选用和生物降解定量评价提供了依据。 相似文献
15.
酒西盆地石油非均质性的控制因素 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
运用先进的分析测试手段对来自酒西盆地六个油田的 2 0多个油样进行了全油碳同位素、饱和烃气相色谱与质量色谱及正构烷烃分子碳同位素等较为全面的分析与研究。确定源岩相、水洗、生物降解作用与成熟度不是酒西盆地石油非均质性的控制因素。最后选取 1 5个油样进行中性吡咯氮化合物分析,用中性吡咯氮中的咔唑类化合物作为运移参数,较为详细地研究原油的运移分馏作用。此类化合物作为运移参数的基本原理是石油运移过程中,不同结构的咔唑类化合物与水及岩石中矿物发生吸咐作用的强烈程度不同,导致不同的运移分馏作用。根据咔唑类化合物的变化得出控制酒西盆地石油组成非均质性的主要因素是油气运移分馏作用,证实酒西盆地石油运移方向主要是从西至东,青西凹陷是其油源区。 相似文献
16.
原油中萘系物柱色谱快速分离技术及其初步应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
发展了一种易于操作、经济成本低的原油中萘系物的快速分离技术.色谱质谱检测结果表明,该技术能使原油中萘系物组分得到完整的分离,解决了总芳烃组分色谱质谱分析中由于共溢出现象严重导致的多取代甲基萘参数难以准确获取问题,并为萘系物单分子碳同位素的正确测试奠定了基础.该方法用量少,分离精度高,不仅适用于原油样品,同样适用于其他沉积物有机质样品.作为一个应用实例,对塔里木盆地轮南地区下古生界含油气系统典型原油烷基萘的分布特征进行了初步研究. 相似文献
17.
东濮凹陷原油、油砂抽提物与油气包裹体地球化学对比及其意义 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
通过对东濮凹陷桥口构造Q27井和Q55井原油、油砂抽提物和油气包裹体族组成和分子地球化学对比．可以发现：(1)油砂抽提物由于含蜡量高，非烃、沥青质含量低，其饱和烃、芳烃含量甚至比原油高，非烃、沥青质含量甚至比原油低；(2)Q27原油样与从同一井段内采取的油砂抽提物甾、萜烷分布特征存在着较为明显的差异，表明采油井段的原油地球化学组成是不均一的；(3)两口井的油气包裹体甾、萜烷分子指标，包括油源指标和成熟度指标，与油砂抽提物和原油也均有明显的差异，表明在油气注入过程中原油的油源和成熟度是不断变化的。尽管该地区的原油均来自沙三段，但在不同时间注入的原油可能来自不同“亚层”或“不同分布区域”的沙三段烃源岩。 相似文献
18.
Unusually high dibenzothiophene (DBT) concentrations are present in the oils from the Tazhong-4 Oilfield in the Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin. Positive-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was used in combination with conventional geochemical approaches to unravel the enrichment mechanisms. Significant amounts of S1 species with relatively low DBE values (0–8), i.e., sulfur ethers, mercaptans, thiophenes and benzothiophenes, were detected in three Lower Ordovician oils with high thermal maturity, which were suggested to be the products of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) in the reservoir. The occurrence of TSR was also supported by the coexistence of thiadiamondoids and abundant H2S in the gases associated with the oils. Obviously low concentrations of the DBE = 9 S1 species (mainly equivalent to C0–C35 DBTs) compared to its homologues were observed for the three oils which were probably altered by TSR, indicating that no positive relationship existed between TSR and DBTs in this study. The sulfur compounds in the Tazhong-4 oils are quite similar to those in the majority of Lower Ordovician oils characterized by high concentrations of DBTs and dominant DBE = 9 S1 species with only small amounts of sulfur compounds with low thermal stability (DBE = 0–8), suggesting only a small proportion of sulfur compounds were derived from TSR. It is thermal maturity rather than TSR that has caused the unusually high DBT concentrations in most of the Lower Ordovician oils. We suggest that the unusually high DBT oils in the Tazhong-4 Oilfield are caused by oil mixing from the later charged Lower Ordovician (or perhaps even deeper), with high DBT abundances from the earlier less mature oils, which was supported by our oil mixing experiments and previous relevant investigations as well as abundant authigenic pyrite of hydrothermal origin. We believe that TSR should have occurred in the Tazhong Uplift based on our FT-ICR MS results. However, normal sulfur compounds were detected in most oils and no increase of δ13C2H6–δ13C4H10 was observed for the gas hydrocarbons, suggesting only a slight alteration of the oils by TSR currently and/or recently. We suspect that the abnormal sulfur compounds in the Lower Ordovician oils might also be a result of deep oil mixing, which might imply a deeper petroliferous horizon, i.e., Cambrian, with a high petroleum potential. This study is important to further deep petroleum exploration in the area. 相似文献
19.
Muhammad Asif Robert Alexander Tahira Fazeelat Kieran Pierce 《Organic Geochemistry》2009,40(8):895-901
Sediment extracts and crude oils have been shown to contain methyl substituted biphenyls and dibenzothiophenes, with isomer distributions suggesting a geochemical relationship between the two compound classes. Laboratory simulation experiments have shown that carbon catalyses the reaction between surface adsorbed sulfur and biphenyl to form dibenzothiophene. Similarly, the methyl substituted biphenyls reacted to yield corresponding methyl dibenzothiophenes. We suggest that the widespread distribution of dibenzothiophene and alkylated dibenzothiophenes in sediments and crude oils is the result of a catalytic reaction of biphenyl ring systems and surface-adsorbed sulfur on the surface of carbonaceous material. 相似文献
20.
东濮凹陷盐湖相原油中杂原子化合物研究薄弱。采用高分辨率质谱技术、结合色谱-质谱,对东濮凹陷盐湖相、淡水湖相原油、烃源岩中的含氮、氧化合物进行了检测。结果表明,原油中含有丰富的氮、氧化合物, N1、O1和O2占绝对优势;随成熟度增加,N1和O1类化合物相对丰度增加、O2类化合物相对丰度降低、氮/氧化合物的缩合度增加、烷基侧链碳数范围降低,提出了多项氮、氧化合物的成熟度辅助识别指标,建立了DBE15/DBE9-N1和DBE15+/DBE14--N1与折算镜质体反射率之间的定量关系式。通过对氮、氧化合物的油-油、油-岩对比,认为东濮凹陷盐湖相原油主要来自成熟烃源岩。基于高分辨率质谱的氮、氧化合物具有重要的成熟度评价、油源对比、油气运移示踪的应用前景。 相似文献