共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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作为我国首颗高分辨率立体测绘卫星,"资源三号卫星"(ZY-3)为大区域立体测绘提供了可能.以紫金矿区为研究区,利用ZY-3立体影像提取数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM),评价了山区地形条件下该卫星的立体测绘能力.结果显示,无地面控制点情况下DEM精度在20 m以内,1个控制点便可以将DEM的精度提高至5.2 m,3～5个控制点可使DEM的精度达到4.8 m.分析3～8个控制点生成的DEM的精度,结果显示,单个检查点的系统误差对总误差影响较大,随机误差对总误差贡献较小.在有控制点的情况下,ZY-3立体影像能够满足山区地形1:50000 DEM测绘的精度要求. 相似文献
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小波派生多尺度DEM的精度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用陕北5 m分辨率DEM数据为基本数据,对Haar小波派生出一系列更低分辨率DEM进行复合精度分析。通过等高线套合、数据中误差以及表面重合指数等方法,分析其高程采样误差与空间分布;通过分析对比其在所提取的地面坡度、沟谷网络等地形因子上的差异,分析其地形描述误差。研究结果显示:小波派生多尺度DEM在精度的颓减上呈现指数形的变异规律,当达到三级重构DEM(40 m分辨率)时,其精度仍优于1:5万(25 m分辨率)DEM。该结果对于实现地形的有效简化与掌握多尺度DEM不确定性规律具有一定的意义。 相似文献
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ASTER DEM是利用高分辨率卫星成像设备ASTER获取的立体影像生成的DEM,其全球覆盖范围较广、数据获取快、质量稳定。但其数据精度和质量在我国区域内存在较多不确定性,本文选取具有高山峡谷等典型地貌特征的秦岭山区的ASTER DEM数据,以相应1∶50 000地面高程库数据作参照,从总体统计、检查点法以及剖面法几个方面对其精度进行了实验与分析。结果表明,与地面1∶50 000地面高程库相比,ASTER DEM误差值所对应的点数数据分布呈正态分布,RMSE为30.109 358 028 165 158 m;且其在山峰上的高程值会有所降低,在山谷中的高程值会有所增加。 相似文献
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在分析无人机成图误差因素的基础上,选择重庆市潼南区柏梓镇郭坡村为研究区,开展丘陵地区1:2 000比例尺DOM和DEM成图精度与控制点分布关系研究。结果表明,在控制点分布较为均匀的情况下,控制点的密度大于0.2时,DOM精度能够满足规范要求;控制点的密度大于2.6时,DEM精度能够满足规范要求。 相似文献
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讨论了利用IRS-P5卫星遥感影像立体模型进行1∶50000 DEM,DOM,DLG等地理信息产品生产的相关问题,并进行了精度检测;同时与传统的航空摄影测量方法在原始资料获取、生产效率、工作量、数据成本等方面进行了对比分析。 相似文献
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数字高程模型地形描述精度量化模拟研究 总被引：65，自引：3，他引：65
在首先提出数字高程模型（DEM）地形描述误差（Et)概念的基础上，以我国5个不同地貌类型区为试验样区，采用比较分析的方法，研究EDEM地形描述误差的成因、影响因素、量测方法以及误差的数学模拟途径。统计分析的结果证明DEM地形描述误差与DEM空间分辨率及其地面粗糙度之间存在着线性相关关系，回归分析结果显示，DEM地形描述误差Et的均方差RMS值可以表达为DEM水平分辨率（R）与地面垂直曲率（V）的函数：RMS Et=(0.0063V 0.0066)R-0.022V 0.2415。该结果可用以估算估算所建立的DEM的地形描述精度，也为确定适宜的DEM分辨率提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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数字高程模型DEM是表示地面高程的一种实体地面模型,是三维数字城市建设必不可少的基础数据。随着经济和城市建设的快速发展,DEM的市场应用前景越来越广泛。本文详细阐述了数字高程模型DEM的内涵、表现形式、实际应用情况以及采集方法等内容,并结合参与的1∶1万DEM更新项目的生产实例,主要介绍了高效引入、利用全数字摄影测量系统VirtuoZo现有测图成果中具有高程信息的三维数据、再通过增补添加特征点、线以更好控制地形的方法来制作生成DEM的工作过程,并对实际操作中应注意的采集、精度、接边等相关问题进行了说明。 相似文献
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Igor V. Florinsky 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(6):1115-1129
Digital elevation models (DEMs) are commonly constructed using two main types of regular grids: plane square grids and spheroidal equal angular grids. Methods and algorithms intended for plane square‐gridded DEMs should not be directly applied to spheroidal equal angular DEMs. This is because these grids have fundamentally different geometry. However, some researchers continue to apply square‐grid algorithms to spheroidal equal angular DEMs. It seems appropriate to consider once again the specifity of morphometric treatment of spheroidal equal angular DEMs. This article, first, demonstrates possibilities of direct calculation of local, nonlocal, and combined morphometric variables from spheroidal equal angular DEMs exemplified by slope gradient, catchment area, and topographic index. Second, the article shows computational errors when algorithms for plane square‐gridded DEMs are unreasonably applied to spheroidal equal angular DEMs. The study is exemplified by two DEMs. A medium‐resolution DEM of a relatively small, high‐mountainous area (Mount Elbrus) was extracted from the SRTM1 DEM. A low‐resolution DEM of a vast region with the diverse topography (the central and western regions of Kenya) was extracted from the SRTM30_PLUS DEM. The results show that application of square‐grid methods to spheroidal equal angular DEMs leads to substantial computational errors in models of morphometric variables. 相似文献
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基于栅格DEM的地形特征提取与分析 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
以陕北延安地区燕儿沟流域为实验样区,运用比较分析法和数理统计法进行基于栅格DEM的地形特征提取和分析,以及DEM分辨率对地形特征的影响,并计算和比较了地形特征的空间统计分布。研究表明:一个相对真实的DEM能够通过修改生成DEM的基本材料,以及对DEM进行再加工而获得。由于DEM分辨率的不同,由此得到的地形特征值(如坡度、地形指数、河网密度等)在统计特性上也会随之变化。随着DEM分辨率的降低,坡度减小,地形坦化,地形指数均值变大,流域总面积变大,子流域数量减少,河流总长度减小,河网密度降低。 相似文献
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黄土丘陵沟壑第三副区水文地貌关系正确DEM的建立与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以黄土丘陵沟壑第三副区的藉河流域为研究区,利用ANUDEM软件和1:5万地形图研究了水文地貌关系正确DEM的建立方法,从派生等高线与原始数字化等高线对比等方面对建立的DEM进行了质量评价。并且与传统TIN方法建立的不同水平分辨率的DEM做了比较。结果表明:由等高线、高程点、河流和陡崖线在ANUDEM5.1中生成的DEM质量优于由等高线、高程点和地形特征点用TIN方法生成的DEM。ANUDEM建立的DEM更能精确地反映水文地貌特征。在此基础上,研究了确定集水面积阈值的方法,通过在Arc/Info环境下运行AML程序自动提取了基于水文地貌关系正确DEM的流域特征。 相似文献
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ENVISAT/ASAR多角度干涉雷达数据山区DEM生成及精度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在地形起伏较大的山区用干涉SAR生成DEM时,合适的入射角是获取高精度DEM的重要参数之一.本文基于ENVISAT/ASAR多角度干涉雷达数据,SRTM 90米分辨率的DEM以及1:5万的数字化DEM数据,从定性和定量的角度比较和分析了干涉SAR在获取山区DEM时,入射角对DEM精度的具体影响.结果表明:对于ASAR的多入射角干涉雷达数据,在不同入射角条件下由于雷达叠掩和透视收缩的影响,获取的DEM精度差别很大,入射角带来的影响相当显著,比如IS2和IS4角度得到的DEM的精度差超过了6米.因此,在山区干涉SAR地形成图时,必须对入射角的大小进行严格的选择. 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):95-104
Depending on scale, topographic maps depicting the shape of the land surfaces of the Earth are produced from different data sources. National topographic maps at a scale of 1:25 000 (25K maps) produced by General Command of Mapping are used as the base map set in Turkey. This map set, which consists of approximately 5500 sheets, covers the whole country and is produced using photogrammetric methods. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) created from these maps are also available. Recently, another data source, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometric data, has become more important than those produced by conventional methods. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) contains elevation data with 3 arc-second resolution and 16 m absolute height error (90 percent confidence level). These data are freely available via the Internet for approximately 80 percent of the Earth's land mass. In this study, SRTM DEM was compared with DEM derived from 25K topographic maps for different parts of Turkey. The study areas, each covering four neighboring 25K maps, and having an area of approximately 600 km2, were chosen to represent various terrain characteristics. For the comparison, DEMs created from the 25K maps were obtained and organized as files for each map sheet in vector format, containing the digitized contour lines. From these data, DEMs in the resolution of 3 arc-second were created (25K-DEM), in the same structure as the SRTM DEM, allowing the 25K-DEMs and the SRTM DEM to be compared directly. The results show that the agreement of SRTM DEM to the 25K-DEM is within about 13 m, which is less than the SRTM's targeted error of 16 m. The spatial distribution of the height differences between SRTM-DEM and the 25K-DEM and correlation analysis show that the differences were mainly related to the topography of the test areas. In some areas, local height shifts were determined. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT The landslide, which occurred at Umyeon mountain (Mt. Umyeon) in Seoul, Korea in 2011, was a prime example that raised awareness about the landslide in the highly urbanized area. Although many studies have been done on Umyeon landslide, there is a lack of research that detects the area where the landslide occurred and quantifies the elevation changes through remote sensing data. In this regard, this paper aims to detect and assess topographic changes quantitatively over Mt. Umyeon by using digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. Since Mt. Umyeon was hilly and covered with dense trees during summer, traces of the landslide were detected by estimating the spatially distributed uncertainty of ALS-derived DEMs. The probabilistic analysis with Bayes'? theorem considering the spatially distributed DEM of difference (DoD) uncertainty enabled to detect the landslide traces efficiently and was less affected by the influence of ALS errors. The results indicated that ALS-derived DEMs have the potential to detect landslides with their uncertainty estimation, although the ALS data were acquired in hilly and densely vegetated areas. Moreover, quantifying topographic changes due to landslides with high reliability is considered to be beneficial and practically helpful for disaster recovery. 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(3):215-230
This research investigated the dependence of computing downslope flow from digital elevation models (DEMs) on two basic elements of the flow calculation: the spatial resolution of the DEM and the algorithm used to compute the downslope flow, specifically how it defines topographic slope and aspect. Six algorithms for downslope flow and downslope accumulation were implemented in MATLAB using different assumptions about components of the computation from the terrain analysis literature. We analyzed the results of downslope flow statistically, thresholded the values to yield streams, and compared the different results with the actual surface streams in the National Hydrographic Database. We repeated the computations using DEMs of 3-m, 30-m, and 90-m resolutions, covering a test area near Santa Barbara, California. We conclude that downslope flow computations are overestimates, and that they are fraught with critical algorithmic assumptions and scale effects. They should be approached with great caution in GIS-based analyses. 相似文献
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A Comparison Between Contour Elevation Data Sources for DEM Creation and Soil Carbon Prediction, Coshocton, Ohio 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A raster and vector GIS was created for the North Appalachian Experimental Watershed (NAEW) from legacy (1960) 1:2,400‐scale contour maps. The intent of the study was to use terrain data for the spatial modeling of soil organic carbon. It was hypothesized that DEMs derived from these data would be more accurate and therefore more useful for terrain‐based soil modeling than those from USGS 1:24,000‐scale contour data. Central tasks for this study were to digitally capture the 1:2,400‐scale maps, convert digital contour data sources to raster DEMs at multiple resolutions, and derive terrain attributes. A flexible approach was adopted, using software outside of mainstream GIS sources where scientifically or practically advantageous. Elevation contours and streamlines were converted to raster DEMs using ANUDEM. DEMs ranging in resolution from 0.5–30 m were tested for accuracy against precision carrier‐phase GPS data. The residual standard deviation was 1.68 meters for the USGS DEM and 0.36 meters for the NAEW DEM. The optimal horizontal resolution for the NAEW DEM was 5 m and for the USGS 10 m. Five and 10 m resolution DEMs from both data sources were tested for carbon prediction. Multiple terrain parameters were derived as proxies for surficial processes. Soil samples (n = 184) were collected on four zero‐order watersheds (conventional tillage, no‐till, hay and pasture). Multiple least squares regressions (m.l.s.) were used to predict mass C (kg m?2, 30 cm depth) from topographic information. Model residuals were not spatially autocorrelated. Statistically significant topographic parameters were attained most consistently from the 5 m NAEW DEM. However, topography was not a strong predictor of carbon for these watersheds, with r2 ranging from 0.23 to 0.58. 相似文献
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An assessment on the use of Terra ASTER L3A data in landslide susceptibility mapping 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
H.A. Nefeslioglu B.T. SanC. Gokceoglu T.Y. Duman 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2012,14(1):40-60
The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate the potential use of Terra ASTER data—the L3A DEM and its derivatives in landslide susceptibility mapping. For the purpose, an appropriate application site from the Western Black Sea region of Turkey—the Kelemen catchment area was selected. During the analyses, a two-stage comparative evaluation was carried out. In the first stage, the differences between the DEMs obtained from Terra ASTER L3A data and the conventional topographic data; and their first and second derivatives were investigated. Subsequently, different susceptibility maps were produced by using the DEMs and the topographic attributes obtained from both source of data in addition to the spectral information acquired from satellite sensor. According to the results of the comparative evaluations, a strong correlation between Terra ASTER L3A DEM and the conventional topographic data was obtained. However, depending on the increment of the degree of the derivative, an evident decrease in the spatial correlations was observed. On the contrary, the final model performance, prediction capacity, and the spatial performance statistics for the landslide susceptibility maps produced by using both source of data were found as very high and close to each other. 相似文献