共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
利用MODIS植被指数和陆地表面温度产品建立全国3个农业气候区NDVI-Ts、NDVI-ΔT和NDVI-ATI空间,并由NDVI-Ts、NDVI-ΔT和NDVI-ATI空间分别建立温度植被干旱指数(TVDI)、温差植被干旱指数(DTVDI)和表观热惯量植被干旱指数(AVDI)3个干旱评价指标研究全国干旱分布,利用实测土壤含水量对3个干旱指标进行检验评价.NDVI-ΔT空间中的湿边基本与横坐标平行,表明当土壤水分处于饱和状态或植被完全无水分胁迫条件下,植被和土壤对缓冲环境温度变化的能力大体相当;由NDVI-ATI空间看出,随着植被覆盖增加,表观热惯量有增加的趋势.对比3个干旱评价指标表明:当监测范围较大,区域内地形复杂时,由NDVI-Ts空间计算的TVDI评价干旱最合理,由NDVI-ΔT空间计算的DTVDI在干旱监测中也具有一定的价值,而由NDVI-ATI空间计算的AVDI已经不能合理评价干旱. 相似文献
2.
地热能是一种安全、清洁、稳定的可再生能源,广东阳江地区的地热资源开发潜力巨大,但研究程度较低。热红外遥感技术能够高效地圈定地热异常区并对隐伏断裂进行预测,笔者等选取研究区landsat8遥感数据,通过分析地表温度、地热异常点及人类活动的关系,利用大气校正方法对该区潜在的地热异常进行了预测。在排除人为热影响下得到高温地热异常区9处,排除湖泊水域以及海拔的影响下得到低温地热异常区4处。在此基础上,利用地表温度与归一化植被指数计算研究区的温度植被干旱指数值（TVDI）,预测可能存在的隐伏断裂23 处。最后结合岩性、断裂构造有效地圈定了5处地热靶区,主要分布在研究区西南区域和新洲镇附近。研究结果有助于预测阳江地区具有开发前景的地热异常区、识别圈定具有勘探意义的靶区以及预测隐伏断裂,对该区后续地热资源的进一步研究具有重要的意义。 相似文献
3.
地热能是一种安全、清洁、稳定的可再生能源,广东阳江地区的地热资源开发潜力巨大,但研究程度较低。热红外遥感技术能够高效地圈定地热异常区并对隐伏断裂进行预测,笔者等选取研究区landsat8遥感数据,通过分析地表温度、地热异常点及人类活动的关系,利用大气校正方法对该区潜在的地热异常进行了预测。在排除人为热影响下得到高温地热异常区9处,排除湖泊水域以及海拔的影响下得到低温地热异常区4处。在此基础上,利用地表温度与归一化植被指数计算研究区的温度植被干旱指数值（TVDI）,预测可能存在的隐伏断裂23 处。最后结合岩性、断裂构造有效地圈定了5处地热靶区,主要分布在研究区西南区域和新洲镇附近。研究结果有助于预测阳江地区具有开发前景的地热异常区、识别圈定具有勘探意义的靶区以及预测隐伏断裂,对该区后续地热资源的进一步研究具有重要的意义。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
在覆盖区寻找隐伏矿床是解决目前资源困境的重要途径之一。国内外所发展的深穿透地球化学方法对已知隐伏矿床开展了大量试验研究,取得了较好的效果。由于无法确定地表金属元素异常是否直接来自深部矿体,使上述方法未在未知覆盖区开展广泛的找矿工作,因此急需发展地表异常示踪技术。贵州水银洞金矿是我国超大型全隐伏的卡林型金矿床,成矿流体富含S、Au、As、Sb、Hg等元素。本文以该矿床为研究对象,采集地表微细粒土壤样品,分析5种微量元素(Au、As、Cu、Sb、Hg)的含量,以验证微细粒土壤全量测量技术在该矿床的找矿效果,并用S、Pb同位素识别地表土壤异常来源。研究发现：(1)微细粒土壤测量技术在该矿区的指示效果好,Au-As-Sb-Hg高异常区与隐伏矿体和断层的分布较为吻合,其中Hg对隐伏矿体的指示效果最好;(2)隐伏矿体及断层上方土壤中δ34S值、放射成因的w(207Pb)/w(204Pb)和w(206Pb)/w(204Pb)显著高于围岩区土壤,可有效示踪地表微细粒土壤中的异常来自于深部的隐伏... 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Sinkhole subsidence due to mining 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
This paper reviews the modes of formation of sinkhole subsidence associated with mining activities, drawing on examples in India. Sinkhole (pot-hole) subsidence is an abrupt local depression at the surface which can be hazardous to life and property due to its tendency to occur without warning. Shallow extraction, weak overburden and geological discontinuities are the main factors which cause them. Sinkholes occur due to the failure of a mine roof which migrates through the overlying strata until the failure zone intercepts the unconsolidated overburden. Alternatively they may occur by the creation of cavities in the overburden following the inflow of sand and soil from the overlying weathered and friable strata through faults. Overburden cavities eventually cave in and sinkholes appear at the surface. Sinkholing phenomena can be controlled to some extent by proper design of mining supports and construction of walls to create a barrier around an area prone to sinkholes in bord and pillar workings. Backfilling and grouting can be used to stabilize abandoned underground workings. 相似文献
13.
Karol Przeździecki Jarosław Zawadzki Zygmunt Miatkowski 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(17):623
Anthropogenic activities, especially resulting in changes in the water conditions, usually disturb biological and agricultural functions of grasslands, leading to their degradation, often on large areas. Remote sensing observations of such changes in grassland ecosystems evoke a great interest, but they are still a difficult task, especially when performed on industrial and mining areas. This paper presents a new effective method of remote sensing of grassland moisture conditions based on temperature–vegetation dryness index (TVDI) calculated from free Landsat imagery, and employing the TVDI spatial variability estimated from a semivariance analysis. The practical applicability of the method is demonstrated on the example of monitoring of the extensive neighborhood of lignite open-cast mine within a period of a few years. Besides, the developed method was validated at the studied area, using in situ information. Thus, we demonstrated that TVDI may serve as an effective indicator of grassland moisture conditions, even in problematic areas. 相似文献
14.
15.
云南羊拉铜矿床矿物组成、地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
云南羊拉铜矿床位于金沙江构造带中部,是三江地区一个十分典型的大型铜矿床。羊拉铜矿床的金属矿物为黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿、自然铋、辉铋矿、毒砂、辉砷钴矿、辉钼矿等,根据金属矿物的共生组合,推测羊拉铜矿床为中高温热液矿床。羊拉铜矿床与羊拉花岗闪长岩体具有密切的成因联系,通过对羊拉铜矿床铜矿石稀土元素、微量元素的分布特征和羊拉花岗闪长岩的对比及S、Pb同位素组成的研究,表明成矿物质主要来源于地幔,部分来源于岩浆。早二叠世晚期金沙江洋盆向西俯冲形成了一系列逆断层。同时,金沙江洋盆向西低角度俯冲导致下地壳部分熔融,引发大规模的火山岩浆作用。在晚三叠世早期,构造背景由挤压环境到伸展环境的转折期,这些逆断层具有张性的特点,为后期的成矿热液提供了有利的容矿构造。持续上升的岩浆为地幔楔内的成矿流体提供了通道,岩浆内的部分成矿流体进入羊拉花岗闪长岩体附近的逆断层富集成矿。 相似文献
16.
矿井构造是影响安全、高产主要因素之一。前人对隐伏构造尤其是隐伏断层的预测做过一定的研究,但预测的结果往往不能令人满意。为改进传统方法的不足,提高对隐伏构造预测的准确性,尝试运用一种新的预测矿井隐伏构造方法～曲面磨光法,这种方法具有局部拟合和磨光性的特殊数学性质,通过对曲面进行多次磨光,找到隐伏的构造异常,达到预测隐伏构造的目的。山东东滩煤矿六采区运用该方法对隐伏构造进行了预测,分析得出的15条断层与勘查成果逐一对应,预测结果可靠。因此,曲面磨光法是进行矿井隐伏构造特别是隐伏断裂预测的一种有效方法。 相似文献
17.
The physical similarities among mine spoils may be strongly influenced by the geologic source of the spoils where overburden
is produced from areas of simple geologic structure. Textures and bulk densities are influenced by the methods of handling
the materials during mining and disposal operations. Where these influences are the same in more than one mining site, surface
hydrology and erosion parameters are often similar. A specific tailing deposit may be highly variable with respect to the
physical and chemical characteristics produced by methods of ore treatment and concentration. This variability makes it difficult
to classify tailings based on surface hydrology and erosion.
Hydrologic characteristics of spoil deposits as related to future successful rehabilitation may be improved by (1) conducting
mining activities to permit identification and segregation of favorable overburden strata for use in revegetation, (2) reconstituting
soil for optimum plant growth, (3) shaping spoils to be compatible with surrounding topography, (4) mulching with organic
materials, and (5) avoiding or ameliorating compaction of the soil-spoil surface.
Mr. Burton is currently hydrologist with the Bureau of Land Management in Lewiston, Montana, U.S.A. 相似文献