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《大地构造与成矿学》2020,(4)
砂岩型铀矿床具有水成的、动态的、开放的特征,其形成及后期改造与盆地构造隆升关系密切。本文在热年代学研究的基础上,查明了伊盟隆起中生代以来具有四期构造抬升事件:150～126 Ma、110～100 Ma、100～75 Ma、50～35 Ma,且四期抬升事件隆升强度逐渐降低。其中第一期(150～126Ma)抬升事件以南北向的差异性抬升过程为特征,第二期(110～100 Ma)抬升事件表现为东隆西降的掀斜过程,第三、四期(100～75 Ma和50～35 Ma)抬升事件表现为整体抬升。通过与伊盟隆起周缘地区对比,发现伊盟隆起与贺兰山地区作为统一的整体共同经历了四期抬升事件,30Ma以来贺兰山快速隆升与鄂尔多斯盆地分离,并伴随银川盆地形成。在系统统计研究区内砂岩型铀矿成矿年代学成果基础上,总结出伊盟隆起内三期砂岩型铀矿床成矿过程:第一期为早白垩世128.2±4.2Ma～120±11Ma;第二期为晚白垩世90±5.3Ma～71±8 Ma;第三期为古近纪古新世-新近纪中新世54.6±1.8 Ma～20±2Ma。第一期成矿作用发生于第一期和第二期构造抬升转换期,第二期和第三期成矿作用分别与第三期和第四期抬升作用密切相关,构造隆升强度较大并不利于砂岩型铀矿床的沉淀和矿体就位。30 Ma以来发育于伊盟隆起的砂岩型铀矿床进入成矿后演化阶段。 相似文献
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东喜马拉雅构造结大陆碰撞以来构造年代学框架及其与哀牢山-红河构造带的对比 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
东喜马拉雅构造结经历了前期楔入和后期垮塌变形.楔入事件发生于～60Ma、～23Ma和～13 Ma,垮塌开始于6～7Ma.哀牢山红河构造带同样经历早期走滑和后期正断,走滑年代分别为58～56Ma、23Ma和13Ma,后期正断开始于5.5 Ma.上述年龄的意义在于～60Ma的变形代表印度与欧亚大陆的初期碰撞;2 Ma为青藏高原及邻区的主变形期;13Ma的变形也代表一次汇聚事件,并形成青藏高原的东西向伸展.6～7Ma以后的垮塌作用代表了青藏高原的快速隆升. 相似文献
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在研究区已发表的渐新统资料的基础上,分析了青藏高原渐新世残留盆地的构造背景、岩石地层序列,并对青藏高原渐新世构造岩相古地理特征进行了讨论,该时期总体地势格局仍为东高西低,塔里木、柴达木、羌塘、可可西里、成都等地区主体表现为大面积的压陷湖盆沉积,冈底斯、喜马拉雅和喀喇昆仑等大面积隆升,沿雅鲁藏布江自东向西的古雅江河形成。渐新世构造岩相古地理的演化特征揭示出该时期青藏高原及邻区构造隆升与沉积响应的耦合关系,划分出2个强隆升期,分别是强隆升期A(34～30Ma)和强隆升期B(25～23Ma)。 相似文献
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甘肃临夏盆地新近纪红粘土粒度组成的古环境意义① 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
临夏盆地十里墩剖面新近纪红粘土粒度组成特征、磁化率值分析表明:8.2Ma以来,临夏盆地经历了干旱化的逐级发展和东亚冬季风的逐渐加强过程。8.2～7.4Ma,东亚冬季风形成,干旱化已经发生,风成红粘土开始在盆地沉积;7.4～6.8Ma,亚洲冬季风逐渐加强,开始影响黄土高原地区,形成大面积的红粘土堆积,盆地为半干旱～半湿润的气候环境;6.8～6.0Ma气候与构造稳定,基本维持了前期的气候特点;5.9～5.3Ma,盆地冬季风强度略有增加,为干湿与干凉交替的气候环境;5.3～4.8Ma盆地冬季风盛行、干旱化程度强烈,气候特征为干凉;4.8～4.0Ma,夏季风开始盛行,气候变的湿润。4.0Ma后,青藏高原开始发生又一次强烈隆升。 相似文献
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为探究青藏高原的气候环境演化, 对青藏高原不同部位的盆地沉积物的粘土矿物特征进行深入系统的研究.结果表明, 古新世阶段—始新世阶段时期, 青藏高原古气候以行星风系居主导地位, 青藏高原北部以温暖和季节性干旱为特征.柴达木地区在~36 Ma的降温事件则明显早于全球降温事件(~34 Ma)近2 Ma.在渐新世(34~23 Ma)期间, 古气候以干旱炎热为特征, 但气温相对要低于始新世.在中新世—上新世(23.0~2.6 Ma)期间, 青藏高原北缘的柴达木、循化盆地均在~21.5 Ma发生气候变冷事件, 而8~7 Ma的气候变化事件遍及整个青藏高原.在藏南的吉隆盆地、青藏高原西北部的叶城盆地, ~1.8 Ma之前的盆地沉积物中仍然有相当高含量的蒙脱石, 说明这些地区在~1.8 Ma之前, 虽然总体上气候变冷、变干, 但仍然处于一种相对湿润的气候环境. 相似文献
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中国大陆及邻区中生代—新生代大地构造与环境变迁 总被引：68，自引：12，他引：68
在系统研究古地磁、周边板块的运动学特征、板内变形、构造应力场和沉积古地理资料的基础上 ,恢复了中国大陆及邻区中、新生代 6个时期的大地构造演化特征、构造古地理 ,并进而探讨了对环境变迁的影响。 6个时期的划分、构造特征及其古地理环境分别为 :印支期 (2 5 0～ 2 0 8Ma) ,NE -SW向缩短 ,中国大部分大陆完成拼合 ,南方以海为主 ,北方以陆地为主 ;燕山期 (2 0 8～ 135Ma) ,NW -SE向缩短 ,大陆地块逆时针旋转 2 0°～ 30° ,东部形成高地 ,西部为低地 ;四川期 (135～ 5 2Ma) ,NE -SW向缩短 ,以盆岭地形为主 ;华北期 (5 2～ 2 3 3Ma) ,太平洋板块第一次向西俯冲、挤压 ,中国东部形成 3条东西向山脉和 4个汇水盆地 ;喜马拉雅期 (2 3 3～ 0 78Ma) ,印度板块与欧亚大陆碰撞 ,青藏高原隆升 ,其他地块相对沉降 ;新构造期 (0 78Ma以来 ) ,周边各板块保持相对均衡状态 ,逐步构成现代地貌。研究表明 ,大地构造是古地理环境变化的主要控制因素。 相似文献
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青藏高原东南缘新生代期间经历了多阶段隆升过程,但其主要隆升阶段、时代及其在地貌上的响应等仍不清晰。本文针对金沙江上游流域(石鼓以上),对青藏高原东南缘新生代期间构造隆升的响应过程及特征进行研究,利用数字高程模型,提取分析了金沙江上游段的河流纵剖面形态、集水区坡度和陡峭指数(ksn)等构造地貌指标,发现金沙江上游存在三个主要裂点,将金沙江干流由NW至SE分为曲麻莱、玉树、沙东和奔子栏四个具有不同河道参数的河段。除曲麻莱段外,各段支流河道也可划分为不同的河段,剖面以及河道参数呈现不同的特征,其中上游河段陡峭指数、河道坡度值均为南部大,北部小;中上游与中下游河段,陡峭指数、河道坡度值南北部差异不大;下游河段,地貌上表现为陡峭指数与河道坡度值北部较大,南部较小。此外,在对裂点的成因进行分析后发现,青藏高原东南缘的构造隆升过程是该区河流地貌特征的主控因素。结合前人的热年代学数据,研究认为,金沙江上游的三个区域性裂点的形成可能指示或响应了青藏高原东南缘在新生代以来发生的三期构造隆升事件,且隆升时间从早到晚分别在20～30 Ma、9～15 Ma、3～6 Ma间,这表明构造地貌分... 相似文献
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兰州地区新近纪地层的沉积相与古环境记录 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
兰州地区位于黄土和青藏高原的过渡带,其第三纪地层对研究风尘沉积发育和青藏高原隆升都有着特殊的意义。本研究以0.25 m为间距对厚度210 m的兰州皋兰山剖面的新近纪地层采集样品901个,在实验室对试验样品进行前处理后对其进行了粒度、磁化率和色度测试。用粒度分布函数的方法分离了沉积物的各成因组分,确定了风成组分和水成组分在全剖面沉积物中所占的百分比。结合色度和磁化率的实验结果分析表明,皋兰山剖面地层以风尘沉积为主,其间夹有河流相沉积的约15层砂岩。古环境的恢复表明,兰州地区从至少约7 Ma开始,沉积地层经历了由河湖相向风尘沉积转变,气候干旱化开始,与黄土高原风尘序列堆积底界8～7 Ma基本一致。6～5.2 Ma构造稳定,是比较开阔的平原环境,并且气候条件比较湿热;5.2～3.5 Ma间构造波动比较频繁,形成了间隔性的河流相砂岩沉积,而在气候表现为干冷;自3.5 Ma开始,兰州地区发生相对构造沉陷,五泉砾岩层的发育是对青藏运动A幕的具体响应。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献