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1.
Cassini growth of population between two metropolitan cities—A case study of Beijing-Tianjin region, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The existing models of population distribution often focus on the region with a single city or even multiple centers, and
lack the detailed explorations of the common and special type of urbanization areas with two centers. Taking Beijing-Tianjin
region of China, which is a distinct dual-nuclei metropolitan area in the world, as an example and choosing Landsat-5 TM image
in 2005, population, etc. as the data, this paper devotes to comprehending and illustrating a model of Cassini growth of population
between the two metropolitan cities through the research of spatial population distribution pattern, aided with RS and GIS
techniques. Main technical processes include Kriging interpolation of the population data and character simulation of the
Cassini ovals. According to the calculation of a/b, a key characteristic index of Cassini growth model, the spatial structures of population distribution were given. When a/b<1, it is a curve with two separated loops with a population density more than 3000 persons/km2. When a/b=1, it is a lemniscate curve with a population density about 3000 persons/km2. When 1<a/b√2, it is a dog-bone shaped concave curve with a population density between 500–3000 persons/km2. When a/b=√2, it is an oblate curve with a population density about 500 persons/km2. When a/b>√2, there is an oval-shaped convex curve with a population density less than 500 persons/km2. The results show that owing to the combined action and influence of the regional dual-nuclei, the population distribution
of Beijing-Tianjin region is in accord with Cassini model significantly. There-fore, there is Cassini growth of population
between the two metropolitan cities in Beijing-Tianjin region. In addition, the process of Cassini growth has extraordinarily
instructive significance for judging the development stages of the dual-nuclei metropolitan areas.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2007AA12Z235),
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40471058) 相似文献
2.
Simulation analysis on spatial pattern of urban population in Shenyang City,China in Late 20th century 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
The spatial distribution of urban population can reflect significantly urban functions and development status. Shenyang, as a typical old industrial city in China, has experienced considerable changes in spatial distribution of population in the process of urban transformation, resulting in the change of urban spatial structure. Based on the sub-district data of Chinese national population censuses in 1982, 1990 and 2000, this study simulates the evolution pattern of spatial distribution of urban population in Shenyang City. Using statistical method and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), we found that the population distribution, on the whole, has presented a balanced and decentralized trend since the 1980s, which characterizes with Chinese suburbanization. Furthermore, based on the investigation of the pattern of population distribution, it is concluded that the negative exponential model fitted the distribution best, and population concentration in the inner suburb kept increasing gradually, meanwhile, the spatial structure of population distribution has presented a polycentric feature since the 1980s. The parameters of the model show that population in the urban core concentrate significantly all the time. The increase of population in the inner suburb influences the population distribution pattern more and more importantly, but the concentration intensity of population cores in inner suburb is still low. 相似文献
3.
Urbanization is a complex process that covers a wide range of topics, of which population, industry and land urbanization are three important aspects. Jilin Province is an important agricultural province in China. The contradiction between population, industry and land urbanization is especially prominent here, and its coupling development is of great practical significance. In this paper, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province in 1990, 2000 and 2010 is measured by coupling mode. The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is analyzed by trend surface analysis and global and local spatial autocorrelation. The influence factors and their spatial differentiation are discussed using multiple linear regression (MLR) model and geographic weighted regression (GWR) model. The results show that: 1) the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province is at a low level. Judging from the change of time scale, the urbanization of most research units is becoming more and more coordinated. From the comparison of spatial scales, there is significant spatial difference in the research units of different administrative levels. 2) Judging from the global change trend, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in the central region is higher than that in western and eastern regions. The coordination of urbanization in the central region is relatively good, and the distribution of the cold and hot spots is basically the same as that overall. 3) The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is related to the cold and hot spot distribution of the influence coefficient of urban population density and per capita urban construction land. The variation of the coupling degree spatial pattern is synchronous with the spatial change of the urban population density influence coefficient. 4) The degree of agglomeration of the urban population is the main factor promoting the coupling pattern of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province, and the extent of its influence is gradually increasing. In addition, the level of city administrative, the efficiency of urban expansion and the capacity of market consumption also have an important influence on the coupling pattern. 相似文献
4.
This article presents the findings of a study of the spheres of urban influence with regard to all cities in China（not including Hong Kong,Macau and Taiwan Province of China）in the years 1990,2000 and 2009.An optimized gravity model with comprehensive time distance was used to carry out a detailed analysis of the spatial patterns of Chinese spheres of urban influence and the spatial characteristics of urban agglomerations.Such urban agglomerations are characterized by high density population and a developed economy,which are also considered as the national competition unit.This paper initially identifies four spatial patterns of urban agglomerations based on the spatial layout of city groups during their evolution.Some basic characteristics of urban agglomerations are outlined,including the number of cities,the size of cities and the functions of urban centers.These characteristics are examined by using statistical methods and Geographic Information System（GIS）.The main findings from this research are that the development stages and structures of urban agglomerations in China vary significantly.It is also clear that the stages and evolution of spatial patterns are strongly affected and dominated by both policy and location factors. 相似文献
5.
A CASE STUDY ON CONCENTRATION AND DECENTRALIZATION：BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMIC MECHANISM OF SPATIAL EVOLUTION IN METROPOLITAN AREA，NANJING，CHINA 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
In rapid socio-economic development,the process of concentration and dispersal of various elements tends to be more dramatic,tremendously influencing the shaping and transformation of the space in metropolitan area.Survey of spatial concentration and decentralization has thus become a basic method in examining metropolitan spatial evolution.In this research,three elements were selected as the essential indicators of the process:demographic density distribu-tion,employment density distribution and business office location.Performance of these elements in Nanjing City was exam-ined historically.As Nanjing City could be regarded as a representative of metropolitan areas in China,its situation large-ly suggestes the general characteristics in similar areas of China.Hence based on the investigation of Nanjing City,four general implications were highlighted.First ,metropolitan areas in China are in a violent process and shift of spatial concentra-tion and decentralization.Second,from now to at least the near future,concentration will continue to be the central fea-ture.Third,the landscape of metropolitan areas basically exhibits a dual structure character.The gap in environmental and ecological qualities among different districts will continue for a long time.Fourth,Central Business District (CBD) is playing an important role in helping to convert the traditionally single-centered city structure into a polycentric one. 相似文献
6.
基于多源数据的中国海岸带地区人口空间化模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海岸带人口聚集、经济增长迅速、生态环境脆弱,容易受到自然灾害的影响,细致的人口空间分布信息对解决海岸带地区资源配置、灾害风险管理等有重要意义。本文以中国沿海城市为研究区,基于NPP-VIIRS和NDVI数据构建人居指数HSI,并加入居住地面积比例系数反映人口内部差异,利用样本动态分区及建模方法,得到2015年中国海岸带1000 m格网人口分布数据（POP）,并将其与已公布的相同年份的中国公里格网人口数据（TPOP）和100 m全球人口数据（WorldPOP）进行对比分析。研究表明,3种数据均能反映中国海岸带地区人口的宏观分布特征,但是对于人口分布城乡差异特征以及城市内部人口分布细节特征的刻画,则是以POP数据最为理想。由县域统计值和POP数据可知,主要受沿海地貌、国家及区域经济发展战略等的影响,中国海岸带地区人口分布具有明显的空间差异,具体来说：① 地形差异,山地和滩涂区域的人口密度普遍较低（小于5 人/hm 2）,而平原和河口三角洲区域的人口密度则普遍较高（大于10 人/hm 2）;② 宏观区域差异,环渤海、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲是人口分布最密集的区域（大于25 人/hm 2）;长江以北地区人口分布多层级重心离散分布的特征较为显著,尤其以山东和江苏最为明显,长江以南地区人口分布相对比较集中,主要集中在沿海低地和平原,如浙江—福建—广东一带;③ 城乡差异,由各级城镇向乡村区域递减的趋势非常明显,城市等级越高,人口分布的梯度特征越显著,中心城区、城市近郊、城市远郊之间相比人口密度差异巨大。 相似文献
7.
Urban Spatial Restructuring in Transitional Economy —— Changing Land Use Pattern in Shanghai 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
XU Jiangang LIAO Banggu SHEN Qing ZHANG Feng MEI Anxin 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(1):19-27
For almost three decades, China has been undergoing significant transition from a planned economy to a market economy. Fast-paced economic growth and urbanization, interacting with market-oriented reforms in land re- sources allocation, have caused profound spatial restructuring of Chinese cities. This paper examines urban expansion and land use reconfiguration in Shanghai’s central city from 1979 to 2002, with a special focus on the effect of the adoption of the land-leasing system in 1988. The empirical research, which employs GIS-based spatial analysis tech- niques to explore land use data for multiple years, indicates fundamental changes in the spatial characteristics of urban development in Shanghai after this important land policy reform. 相似文献
8.
Eco-spatial Structure of Urban Agglomeration 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
GUO Rongchao MIAO Changhong LI Xuexin CHEN Deguang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(1):28-33
In terms of ecological theory, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the mutualism and co- evolutionary mechanism between the eco-spatial structure and socio-economic development of the urban agglomeration, and maps out optimized modes of the eco-spatial structure of the urban agglomeration. The analysis is a case study of the urban agglomeration on different levels of global, national, provincial and local scales, on the basis of those conclusions are drawn: 1) Within the scope of the urban agglomeration, the cities should be reasonably sized and appropriately densified; the spatial combination of the urban agglomeration ought to be orderly, and its eco-spatial structure ought to be optimized and efficient; the relationship between the economic society and eco-spatial environment ought to be that of mutual benefit and co-evolution. 2) “The mode of corridor group network” is a certain trend evoked from the spatial structure of urban agglomeration. 3) The eco-spatial structure of urban agglomeration under “the mode of corridor group network” can further increase the environmental capacity of urban agglomeration, and is in favor of the harmonious relationship between man and nature. 相似文献
9.
城市活力的科学定量评估,能够为城市规划和协调发展提供重要依据,针对城市活力容易忽略居民情感的现状,本文选用百度热力图数据与微博情感分析结果,分别衡量人群集聚强度和情绪强度,并结合TOPSIS方法,提出一种顾及人群集聚和情绪强度的综合活力评估框架。从城市物理环境、经济环境和生态环境3个维度,选择8个关键影响因子,结合地理探测器空间分析方法,探讨影响因子对城市活力空间异质性的影响。结果表明：① 融合人群集聚强度和情绪强度的综合活力评估方法,能够较好反映城市活力空间分异格局;通过对典型样本区域分析,验证了本文提出的城市综合活力评价框架的有效性;② 城市POI密度对城市综合活力的解释力最显著,而植被覆盖度因子对城市综合活力的解释力最弱;但是植被覆盖度因子与其他因子的交互作用,对于城市活力空间异质性的影响力提升最为显著,表明植被覆盖度因子并不是直接作用于城市活力的空间异质性,而是通过耦合空间可达性、POI密度以及建筑密度等影响因子,间接影响城市综合活力的空间分异。 相似文献
10.
DU Guoming ZHANG Shuwen ZHANG Youquan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2006,16(3):217-222
1 Introduction Research on the character of urban population distribu- tion is one of the focuses of western urban geography. From the 1950s, the research has attracted the attention of many western researchers, and a series of classical theoretical models were put forward. For example, Clark (1951) found that with the increase of distance from the city center, the urban population density tends to de- crease in exponential. Through the statistical analysis of more than 20 cities, he put forw… 相似文献
11.
近年来日益严重的登革热疫情已在中国南部地区形成疫情高发区,并对中国的公共卫生安全形成了一定的威胁。登革热主要受到区域内复杂的自然环境条件以及社会经济因素的影响,而利用地理空间分析方法和模型探究登革热疫情的影响因素,并对其未来流行风险的空间分布进行模拟,是有效开展登革热预防控制工作的重要基础。本文收集了珠江三角洲地区2010-2014年的登革热病例资料和土地利用、人口密度两种社会经济要素数据,构建土地利用回归（LUR）模型以分析登革热疫情与不同空间范围内的土地利用和人口密度之间的关系,并结合SLEUTH模型获取的2030年土地利用数据以及基于人口密度预测模型获取的2030年人口密度数据,预测珠江三角洲地区2030年登革热疫情风险的空间分布。结果表明,社会经济要素对登革热疫情空间分布的影响在不同范围内存在差异,半径分别为10、7、10、2和1 km的缓冲区内的人口密度、草地、城镇用地、林地和耕地进入LUR模型并对疫情有显著的影响（相关系数分别为0.779、-0.473、0.818、-0.642和-0.403）,所构建的LUR模型效果较好（调整R2为0.796,F=390.409,P<0.01）,留一交叉检验结果显示模型的相对均方根误差为0.7046,预测值与实测值的拟合精度达到0.7101。2030年城市空间扩展的区域主要分布在深圳、东莞以及广佛的交界地区,而登革热风险预测模型表明2030年登革热疫情风险较大的区域与珠江三角洲城镇用地占比、人口分布较高的地区有高度的一致性,尤其是广佛地区。因此,LUR模型可以较好地预测登革热疫情的空间分布,从而为当地卫生部门防控登革热提供方法支持。 相似文献
12.
本文以中国市域单元为研究对象,利用1990-2010年人口普查数据,采用探索性空间数据分析的方法,分析了过去20 年间中国市级人口增长率的空间分布特征和多变量的空间依赖关系。使用空间计量模型和空间滤波后的经典线性回归模型分别探究了经济、气候、地形、社会文化等因素对中国市级人口增长率的影响。模型对比结果显示,经过空间滤波后的经典线性回归模型能够更好的模拟中国市级人口增长率的变化。在该模型中,经济因素是影响中国城市人口增长率的主要因素,例如代表城市经济发展水平的城市夜光指数密度。气候因素对人口增长率也有着不可忽视的作用,如七月热指数随着等级的提升对人口增长率有着越来越强的负向影响。研究结果表明：人口的区域增长模式是多要素综合作用的结果,在相关建模研究和政策制定中需要重点考虑经济发展水平和气候条件因素对人口增长趋势的不同影响。 相似文献
13.
城市交通与土地利用相互作用、相互影响。传统的城市空间模拟研究多关注交通对土地利用变化影响,缺少土地利用对路网空间形态影响的模拟。已有研究通常使用静态路网,不能表达土地利用与交通间的动态相互作用关系。本文以城市土地利用强度与城市道路网络空间分布间的正向关系,提出了基于城市土地利用强度的城市路网增长模拟模型。以唐山市为例,对其城市环路内的道路增长进行了模拟。结果表明,该模型能以城市土地利用强度的空间分布特征快速生成路网,反映城市土地利用对道路网络扩张的影响。模拟结果与实际路网具有高度的空间分布相似性。该模型可进一步与土地利用模拟模型结合,模拟城市土地利用与交通的动态相互作用。 相似文献
14.
1IN T R O D U C T IO N Timely up-gradatnig ofurban landuse and landcoverin- formationisessentialforurban environmentalmonitor- ing,planningand management purposes.Traditionall,y fieldsurveyand visualinterpretatiofnrom aerialphotog- raphy areprimary ways t… 相似文献
15.
非首都功能疏解背景下北京市人口空间分布形态模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以北京市2005年和2010年公里网格人口分布数据为基础,运用CA-Markov模型模拟了北京市2015、2020、2025和2030年4期公里网格人口分布数据集;应用街道尺度的人口数据对模拟精度进行了验证;在模型可靠性良好的基础上,从产业疏解推动人口疏解的角度出发,结合北京市各街道各产业从业人口数据、产业疏解方向和中心城区人口疏解目标,确定了北京市各街道人口疏解的权重,并由此预测了2020年北京市中心城区人口疏解15%后的人口空间分布情况。研究表明： ① 2005-2010年,北京市约90%的公里网格人口密度等级为1级,集中在密云区、怀柔区、延庆区和房山区,而人口密度在10级以上的区域集中在西城区和东城区;② 在无人口疏解政策影响下,2015-2030年北京市公里网格人口分布呈现出低人口密度区域减少、中高人口密度区域增加的态势;③ 在人口疏解政策影响下,至2020年,中心城区人口分布从集中于中高密度等级转向集中于中低人口密度等级。中心城区最高人口密度等级的数值呈下降态势,并且高人口密度等级的区域占比也呈下降态势。除东城区外,其余5个中心城区的人口集中于人口密度等级为5-8级的区域。本文的研究成果可为人口管理、资源配置和政策制定提供科学参考。 相似文献
16.
基于遥感和BP人工神经网络的城乡气象站点划分分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
城市热岛是城市环境和全球变化研究的重要组成部分,利用气象观测资料研究城市热岛的影响一般采用城市和乡村气象站的同步实测气温,并计算其平均气温差,因此,城乡气象站点划分的准确性,将直接影响城市热岛研究的科学性。鉴于以行政单元统计人口为依据的划分方式未考虑人口在行政单元内的实际空间分布,本文以安徽省为例,利用从遥感影像上提取的土地利用信息,采用BP人工神经网络方法,建立站点缓冲区内土地利用类型比例的城乡站点划分模型,并利用空间化后的人口格网数据对该模型的精度进行了验证。结果表明,该模型有效地建立了气象站点周边缓冲区内的土地利用类型比例与城乡站点类型之间的定量关系,避免直接采用行政单元统计人口数据的不足,客观地模拟了缓冲区内土地利用对气象站点的综合作用,科学地划分出城市和乡村气象站点,为城市热岛研究提供科学、可靠的数据保障,并可用于大区域研究。另外,本文利用划分出的乡村站点建立背景温度场,得出2000年安徽省各城市站点平均热岛强度为0.4℃。 相似文献
17.
From the point of view of urban consumption behavior, urban fresh water consumption could be classified as three types, namely,
direct, indirect and induced water consumption. A calculation approach of urban fresh water consumption was presented based
on the theory of urban basic material consumption and the input-output method, which was utilized to calculate urban fresh
water consumption of China, and to analyze its structural change and causes. The results show that the total urban fresh water
consumption increased 561.7×109m3, and the proportion to the total national fresh water resources increased by 20 percentage points from 1952 to 2005. The
proportion of direct and induced water consumption had been continuously rising, and it increased by 15 and 35 percentage
points separately from 1952 to 2005, while the proportion of indirect water consumption decreased by 50 percentage points.
Urban indirect water consumption was mainly related to urban grain, beef and mutton consumption, and urban induced water consumption
had a close relationship with the amount of carbon emission per capita. Finally, some countermeasures were put forward to
realize sustainable utilization of urban fresh water resources in China.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40535026) 相似文献
18.
中国城镇体系空间分布特征及其变化 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
城镇体系空间结构是人类活动区位选择的必然结果。通过对我国城镇密度、最邻近距离和空间自相关等定量研究,对我国城镇体系的空间结构进行了分析,从中发现中国城镇网络的密度在增大,东、中、西部发展的差距有进一步扩大趋势,城镇体系的空间联系有所加强。 相似文献
19.
Since 1978, within social geographic pattern of Chinese metropolis, differentiation not only has come to be in social entity,
but also by some degree embodied within residential space. Through the study on spatial segregation, the authors implicate
these above spatial differentiation from social polarization to residential segregation cause by change in the political economy,
in the organization of urban and real estate development (from project-specific to comprehensive development and real estate
development) and in the functions and value of urban planning (from a sectional-subordinated to a municipally based control).
The imprints of transition on social space are illustrated eight references to the example of Nanjing metropolis. Among the
new phenomenal identified here are the six types of residential area according to soci-economic status.
Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 59838280) and the Resource and Ecological
Environment Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. (KZ952-J1-206).
Biography: ZHU Xi-gang(1956–), male, a native of Taicang City of Jiangsu Province, is a Ph. D. student of Nanjing University
and associate professor. His research interests include urban planning, urban spatial structure, economic development, architectural
desine etc. 相似文献
20.
XUEDong-qian ZHANGXiao-jun 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2002,12(4):321-328
From the angle of ecology, urban agglomeration presents relevant types of landscape structure, which in-clude Patch, Corridor and Matrix. There are different landscape features and different problems in different developmentphases. This paper has put forward five basic conditions for security pattern of landscape ecology of urban agglomeration,described quantitatively the features for landscape ecology in Wuxi, and analyzed ecological background of spatial expan-sion and spatial organization of urban development in Wuxi. From the angle of ecological land use and non-ecological landuse, the paper has analyzed the features of land use and ecological distribution of land in the urban area. The spatial mod-el of cities and towns in Wuxi is composed of one metropolis, two urban zones and three development axes. This thesishas planned preliminarily ecological protection network at four levels in the urban region according to four layers. At last,combining landscape ecology with urban space, a tentative security pattern of landscape ecology has been planned in Wux-i, namely Source-Buffer Zone and Metropolis, Radiating Routes and Expansion Direction of City, Strategic Point and Interac-tion between Cities and Towns, Inter-Source Linkage-Corridor of a Stable Landscape Structure. 相似文献