共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
目的探索周围型小肺癌的多层螺旋CT征象,评价肺癌的多层螺旋CT诊断准确性.方法对40例经病理证实的周围型小肺癌多层螺旋CT片进行回顾性分析研究.结果 40例周围型小肺癌中,腺癌32例、鳞癌5例、小细胞癌3例..周围型小肺癌的MSCT主要征象为:深分叶30例、棘状突起25例、空泡征5例、胸膜凹陷征8例、以及血管集束征7例.结论在周围型小肺癌诊断中,多层螺旋CT征象起着重要作用,多层螺旋CT扫描对诊断周围型小肺癌具有很大价值. 相似文献
2.
目的:分析局灶性磨玻璃密度(f GGO)肺癌的CT表现,以提高诊断早期肺癌的准确率。方法:搜集经手术病理证实的、临床及CT资料完整的、表现为磨玻璃密度的肺癌病例34例,作回顾性分析,观察病灶大小、形态、边缘、密度及其他肺癌倾向征象,以及病灶在随访过程中的影像学变化。结果:34例患者中p GGO 7例,m GGO 27例,瘤肺界面清晰,病灶边缘可见分叶、毛刺,病灶内部可见空泡、支气管充气征,病灶周围可见胸膜凹陷征、血管集束征等。f GGO在随访过程中,病灶增大,密度增高,p GGO病灶内部出现实性成分,m GGO病灶内实性成分增多,病灶边缘出现分叶、毛刺,周围出现胸膜凹陷征、血管集束征等恶性征象。结论:f GGO肺癌的CT表现具有一定的特征性,CT随访对f GGO的良恶性鉴别具有较高的价值。 相似文献
3.
HRCT及螺旋CT增强扫描在周围型小肺癌诊断中的价值 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:探讨HRCT及螺旋CT增强扫描在周围型小肺癌诊断中的价值。方法:搜集经手术或穿刺病理证实的周围型小肺癌(直径≤3cm)46例,全部行HRCT扫描,分析其各种CT征象。25例行螺旋CT增强扫描,对病灶强化前后CT值增幅特点进行分析。结果:HRCT表现:①分叶征(91.3%);②毛刺征(87%);③胸膜凹陷征(78.3%);④血管集束征(54.3%);⑤空气支气管征及空泡征(34.8%);⑥棘状突起(32.6%);⑦磨玻璃样密度(10.9%);⑧钙化(8.7%)。强化前后CT值增幅20~30HU占16%,30~65HU占76%,>65HU占8%。结论 :HRCT及螺旋CT增强扫描是周围型小肺癌诊断中重要的检查手段。同时具备3个及其以上CT征象,尤其是前5个征象中2个以上即可确诊,其正确率为91.3%。强化前后CT值增幅在20~65HU之间,对于肺癌诊断更加可靠,正确率达92%。 相似文献
4.
目的:探究采用多层螺旋CT对周围型肺癌及局灶性机化性肺炎的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选取我院2014年1月至2018年1月收治的经病理证实的局灶性机化性肺炎患者50例,将其作为对照组,另选取同期收治的60例周围型肺癌患者,将其作为观察组。采用多层螺旋CT进行诊断,比较两组患者临床特征、CT征象及CT强化特征。结果:两组男女比例、基础疾病分布、临床症状比例及实验室检查指标之间的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组小病灶患者的年龄显著大于对照组小病灶患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组与观察组的大病灶患者在空洞及紧贴胸膜影像学征象比例之间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对两组的大小病灶的CT影像学特征在病灶分布、毛刺、血管集束征、支气管充气征、胸膜凹陷及结构疏松之间的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组于动脉期CT净增值、总CT净增值均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:多层螺旋CT扫描可显示局灶性机化性肺炎与周围型肺癌CT影像学征象的差异性和特征性,对无法确诊者应于治疗后实施随访以进一步提高诊断的准确性。 相似文献
5.
作者对103例经病理证实的肺癌作了 CT 与普通 X 线对照分析.其中中心型肺癌64例,周围型肺癌39例.对于肺癌所具有的 X 线征象如分叶、胸膜凹陷等 CT 均能显示.对肿块边缘及瘤体内部结构如棘状突起、空洞、钙化等的观察更佳.据统计48%的周围型肺癌有数条致密索条影引流向肺门,这是诊断肺癌的重要征象.CT 对肺门块及支气管狭窄阻塞后的并发症的显示明显优于普通 X 线的显示,同时对肺门、纵隔、胸膜、肺的转移显示亦较 X 线易于早期发现,对判断肺癌的分期,制定治疗方案及预后均有很大帮助. 相似文献
6.
目的:分析局灶性磨玻璃结节(fGGO)MDCT 1mm薄层重建后的表现,得到早期肺癌磨玻璃结节的影像学特征。方法:分析53例已经活检或抗炎治疗证实有病理结果的肺部磨玻璃结节,分析其影像学征象,包括病变位置、大小、形态、界面、边缘、空泡、支气管扩张及蜂窝征、细支气管充气、胸膜凹陷征、血管聚集增粗以及mGGO中GGO含量,统计分析各征象在良恶性之间的差异。结果:良、恶性fGGO边缘、界面以及血管聚集增粗具有统计学差异,P<0.05;而患者的一般资料、病灶基本信息及病灶形态、空泡支气管蜂窝、细支气管充气、胸膜凹陷以及mGGO中GGO含量在良恶性fGGO的表现差异不明显,P>0.05。结论:MDCT 1mm薄层重建后的fGGO影像学特征对于鉴别良恶性fGGO及诊断早期肺癌具有极其重要的应用价值。 相似文献
7.
白少君 《CT理论与应用研究》2019,28(1):121-127
目的:分析肺内孤立结节(SPN)的多种高分辨CT征象对其良、恶性的鉴别诊断价值。方法:对我院从2016年4月到2018年4月间手术病理证实的102例SPN的CT图像加以分析,对比分析联合或单一高分辨CT征象判断恶性病变的阳性预测值。结果:恶性病变中钙化发生率为4.26%,较良性病变中钙化率低。恶性病变中分叶征、血管集束征与毛刺征发生率分别为63.83%、40.43%与70.21%,均较良性病变中发生率高,差异均具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。良、恶性病变高分辨CT征象中,卫星灶、空泡征和胸膜凹陷征发生率差异均无统计学差异(P> 0.05)。联合血管集束征、毛刺征与分叶征中两种或者三种,联合诊断恶性病变的阳性预测值均较单一征象高,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:SPN的高分辨CT征象对其良、恶性的鉴别价值较高,联合多种CT征象较单一征象的价值大。 相似文献
8.
本文利用薄层CT扫描技术,对支气管微细结构和改变,对肺内结节性病变大小、边缘、钙化、CT值及定位进行观察,分析了炎性纵隔淋已结肿大的特点。对肺内不肯定结节行CT 导引下活检,可明确诊断。切凹征、胸膜牵拉征、小泡征、小蜘蛛状改变、血管聚集等对肺癌的定性诊断具有重要价值。 相似文献
9.
目的：探讨肺结核好发部位上周围型肺癌与结核瘤的CT征象及鉴别诊断依据。方法：搜集近6年来有结节或肿块发生在肺结核好发部位的陈旧性肺结核患者134例,其中合并周围型肺癌80例,继发结核瘤54例,所有病例均有完整CT影像资料,并均经病理证实。将周围型肺癌病例定为Ⅰ组,结核瘤病例定为Ⅱ组。再分别将结节或肿块与陈旧性肺结核灶不在同一肺段而孤立存在的,定为Ⅰa组（49例）和Ⅱa组（39例）;两者在同一肺段上混合存在的,定为Ⅰb组（31例）和Ⅱb组（15例）。回顾性分析各组的CT征象,对Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组数据组间及组内CT征象分别进行χ2检验并分析。结果：Ⅰ组患者中腺癌比例最高（61/80）。Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组病灶发生部位比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。Ⅰa组与Ⅱa组对比,病灶大小≥3 cm、密度不均匀、空泡征、浅分叶征,强化≥20 Hu及不均匀强化以Ⅰa组多见（P〈0.05）;密度均匀、钙化、边缘清楚、强化〈20 Hu及环形强化以Ⅱa组多见（P〈0.05）。Ⅰb组与Ⅱb组对比,病灶大小≥3 cm、密度不均匀、强化≥20 Hu、不均匀强化及合并肺气肿以Ⅰb组多见（P〈0.05）;密度均匀及强化〈20 Hu以Ⅱb组多见（P〈0.05）。Ⅰa组与Ⅰb组对比,空洞及强化〈20 Hu以Ⅰa组多见（P〈0.05）;钙化、强化≥20 Hu、不均匀强化及合并肺气肿以Ⅰb组多见（P〈0.05）;Ⅱa组与Ⅱb组CT征象对比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：陈旧性肺结核患者合并周围型肺癌与继发结核瘤CT征象多有重叠,对各种CT征象综合分析是鉴别诊断的重要依据。 相似文献
10.
通过病理学研究肺癌的部分癌基因、抑痛基因及肿瘤微血管密度变化,并分析这些肺癌的影像学表现及征象,找出其中对影像学诊断肺癌具有定性价值的征象,从而使肺癌的分子生物学与影像学紧密联系起来,以便更加及时、准确地从影像学的角度诊断肺癌.同时运用影像学手段显示组织水平、细胞和亚细胞水平的特定分子,反映活体状态下分子水平变化,对其生物学行为在影像方面进行定性和定量研究. 相似文献
11.
Spatial analysis of gastric cancer morbidity in regions of rapid urbanization: a case study in Xiamen,China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
JiLai Liu XinHu Li Tao Lin Long Dai GuoQin Zhang ChaoSheng Zhang Hong Ye Vee Gibson QianJun Zhao 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2016,30(2):713-723
This paper is purposed to detect the spatial laws of gastric cancer in the rapid urbanization area and analyze relationships between gastric cancer and urbanization. Gastric cancer incidence data in Xiamen between 2006 and 2009 was collected from Xiamen CDC (Centre of Disease Control and Prevention). Urbanization age of Xiamen Island was calculated from remote images and terrain maps. Analysis results showed that 995 gastric cancer cases, accounting for 61.64 % was in Xiamen island, compared with 619 cases, accounting for 38.36 % outside. The average gastric cancer incidence was 32.98/1000,000 in Xiamen Island, compared to 16.13/1000,000 outside. The top ten sub-districts of gastric cancer all located in Xiamen Island, and urban areas have as more than twice gastric cancer incidence as rural area, with 28.62/100,000. The most likely spatial cluster of gastric cancer was Xiamen Island. Correlation analysis results indicated the urbanization age and spatial cluster degree had a significantly positive correlation relationship. Rapid urbanization in Xiamen changed the environment, namely acquired factors including land use change, air–water–soil pollution, less activity, electromagnetic radiation and contaminated sea foods. These are risk factors of gastric cancer. This research indicated that Xiamen Island was prevalent of gastric cancer with a positive correlation with urbanization age. 相似文献
12.
Stomach cancer is the second most common cancer in Iranian men and the fourth most common cancer in Iranian women. The incidence rate of this cancer in Iranian men is almost 2.5 times that in women. The objective of this study was to investigate the trend of stomach cancer incidence rate in Iran in an 8-year time period (2003–2010) and also update the incidence estimates of stomach cancer. Data from a total number of 41,830 patients diagnosed with stomach cancer according to the International Classification of Diseases (C16) in 2003–2010 were analyzed. We used Bayesian spatial and Bayesian spatio-temporal models to study the relative risk and trend of stomach cancer incidence rate in Iran. Out of 41,830 stomach cancer registered patients, 72% were male. The average smoothed SIRs were 0.79, 0.82 and 0.78 for the general, female and male population, respectively. This shows a nearly stable incidence rate. The northwest of Iran had the highest incidence rate of stomach cancer. The trend of this rate was declining to the lowest rate in the southeast of the country. The estimated values of coefficient of the trend term for general, female and male population in this model were 0.0085, ? 0.018 and 0.0041, which indicate almost a stable fixed trend. The map of temporal trends also showed that although the incidence rate of this cancer is to some extent stable, in general, in the central and in the east of the country the incidence relative risk has increased over time. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, Lower socioeconomic status and Iodine deficiency were speculated to be relevant factors for the high incidence rates of stomach cancer in the northwest of Iran. Preventive measures in the north and northwest of Iran could have an effect on controlling this cancer in these areas. 相似文献
13.
结直肠癌是最常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,早期诊断至关重要,双源能谱CT利用材料表征和材料分解从周围环境中描绘病变并区分其良恶性,有望弥补常规影像技术的缺陷,进一步提高结直肠癌的检测能力和诊断精度。本文就双源能谱CT在结直肠癌领域的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
14.
食道癌的X线钡餐造影与CT诊断探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
目的：探讨食管癌的X线及CT诊断价值。材料和方法：45例经病理证实的食管癌患者，行X线钡剂检查和CT扫描。结果：45例中，颈段1l例，胸上段8例，胸中段10，胸下段12例。本组病变最长llcm，管理全周或局部不规则增厚，管腔不同程度狭窄或闭塞，食管癌侵犯周围组织。结论：X线和CT检查对食管癌的诊断准确率较高，CT判断食管癌对周围组织的侵犯较X线更准确，两者的结合有利于全面了解食道癌病变的程度和范围，便于指导临床采取相应的治疗措施。 相似文献
15.
目的:探讨早期中央型肺癌的多排螺旋CT的征象、诊断及漏误诊原因,以提高早期中央型肺癌的MSCT诊断水平。方法:对29例由病理证实的早期中央型肺癌的CT资料分析MSCT的主要征象、诊断及漏误诊的因素。结果:CT诊断或拟诊中央型肺癌24例,肺炎1例,支气管扩张伴感染1例,结核1例,漏诊2例,并分析出漏误诊病例的原因。早期中央型肺癌主要CT表现有:支气管腔内结节,支气管管壁的增厚、管腔的狭窄,支气管铸型阴影,阻塞性肺炎与肺不张等。结论:早期中央型肺癌的MSCT检查、多维重建及熟悉CT主要征象对发现早期病变并准确诊断具有重要意义,熟悉掌握支气管的CT解剖结构、良好的读片观察习惯、仔细重建有利于提高早期中央型肺癌的诊断。 相似文献
16.
目的:探讨超声弹性应变率值在乳腺炎与乳腺癌患者中的鉴别及应用效果。方法:选择2015年6月至2017年10月入院治疗的乳腺癌患者48例和乳腺炎患者50例,分别设乳腺炎组和乳腺癌组。两组入院后均采用日立图腾彩超诊断仪对患者进行诊断,检查时患者先行常规二维超声检查,然后对患者进行弹性图像检查,选择感兴趣区域,采用系统软件计算出弹性应变率比值,绘制ROC曲线,分析超声弹性应变率值在乳腺炎与乳腺癌患者中的诊断、鉴别效能。结果:乳腺癌与乳腺炎患者均经过病理检查得到确诊,乳腺癌类型中排在前两位为浸润性导管癌、导管内癌,分别占68.75%和16.67%;乳腺炎排在前两位为导管壁增厚,周围伴有炎细胞浸润和导管壁结构破坏伴结核样肉芽肿,分别占36.0%和34.0%;乳腺炎组与乳腺癌组均顺利完成弹性图像检查,乳腺癌组超声弹性应变率值,高于乳腺炎组（P<0.05）;ROC曲线结果表明,超声弹性应变率ROC曲线下面积为0.935,诊断乳腺炎、乳腺癌敏感度、特异度及准确度分别为93.1%、90.2%和85.7%。结论:将超声弹性应变率值用于乳腺癌和乳腺炎鉴别中效果理想,能获得较高的诊断效能,能为临床治疗提供依据和参考,值得推广应用。 相似文献
17.
刘慧敏 《CT理论与应用研究》1997,6(1):15-17
胃癌病人有症状时往往已达进展期，欲行根治手术受到很大限制，部分探查术实际上相当于剖腹活检。因此，术前对病变大小、局部浸润及远隔转移准确判断非常重要。本文讨论了胃癌术前ＣＴ检查的ＴＮＭ分期对手术切除可能性的评价 相似文献
18.
肺癌是临床常见的恶性肿瘤,有较高的发病率及死亡率。评估肺癌的生物学行为对选择治疗方案、判断疗效及预后具有重要意义,但病理组织标本的获取依赖有创操作且存在诸多问题。目前,应用较先进的功能CT成像技术在术前无创性地评估肺癌的生物学行为已成为当下研究的热点,本文就功能CT成像的一般原理及在评估肺癌生物学行为方面的应用予以综述。 相似文献
19.
Lawrence D. Lemke Andrew S. Bahrou 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2009,23(1):27-39
Quantifying human cancer risk arising from exposure to contaminated groundwater is complicated by the many hydrogeological,
environmental, and toxicological uncertainties involved. In this study, we used Monte Carlo simulation to estimate cancer
risk associated with tetrachloroethene (PCE) dissolved in groundwater by linking three separate models for: (1) reactive contaminant
transport; (2) human exposure pathways; and (3) the PCE cancer potency factor. The hydrogeologic model incorporates an analytical
solution for a one-dimensional advective–dispersive–reactive transport equation to determine the PCE concentration in a water
supply well located at a fixed distance from a continuous source. The pathway model incorporates PCE exposure through ingestion,
inhalation, and dermal contact. The toxicological model combines epidemiological data from eight rodent bioassays of PCE exposure
in the form of a composite cumulative distribution frequency curve for the human PCE cancer potency factor. We assessed the
relative importance of individual model variables through their correlation with expected cancer risk calculated in an ensemble
of Monte Carlo simulations with 20,000 trials. For the scenarios evaluated, three factors were most highly correlated with
cancer risk: (1) the microbiological decay constant for PCE in groundwater, (2) the linear groundwater pore velocity, and
(3) the cancer potency factor. We then extended our analysis beyond conventional expected value risk assessment using the
partitioned multiobjective risk method (PMRM) to generate expected-value functions conditional to a 1 in 100,000 increased
cancer risk threshold. This approach accounts for low probability/high impact outcomes separately from the conventional unconditional
expected values. Thus, information on potential worst-case outcomes can be quantified for decision makers. Using PMRM, we
evaluated the cost-benefit relationship of implementing several postulated risk management alternatives intended to mitigate
the expected and conditional cancer risk. Our results emphasize the importance of hydrogeologic models in risk assessment,
but also illustrate the importance of integrating environmental and toxicological uncertainty. When coupled with the PMRM,
models integrating uncertainty in transport, exposure, and potency constitute an effective risk assessment tool for use within
a risk-based corrective action (RBCA) framework. 相似文献