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1.
Results of astrometric and BVRI photometric observations of the active asteroid (596) Scheila are presented. The observations were carried out at the Zeiss-1000 telescope of the Sanglokh International Astronomical Observatory of the Institute of Astrophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan on June 16?17 and from July 30 to August 1, 2017. The coordinates of the object and its orbit were determined; and the apparent brightness in four filters, the absolute brightness in the V and R filters, and the color indices were obtained. The light curves suggest that no substantial changes in the asteroid’s brightness occurred during the observations. The absolute brightness of the asteroid in the V and R filters was (9.1 ± 0.05)m and (8.8 ± 0.03)m, respectively. The mean value of the asteroid diameter was (119 ± 2) km. The mean values of the color indices (B?V = (0.72 ± 0.05)m, V?R = (0.29 ± 0.03)m, and R?I = (0.31 ± 0.03)m) agree well with the values for asteroids of the P- and D-types and its averages. The rotation period of the asteroid estimated from photometric observations was 16.1 ± 0.2 h. The analysis of the data has shown that the asteroid continues to exhibit the same values of absolute brightness and other characteristics as those before the collision with a small body in December 2010, though the latter resulted in the outburst event and cometary activity of the asteroid. Most likely, the collision of asteroid (596) Scheila with a small body did not lead to catastrophic changes in the surface of the asteroid or to its compete break-up.  相似文献   

2.
We determine the color excesses, photometric distances, ages, astrometric parallaxes and proper motions for 94 open clusters in the northern part of the Milky Way. We estimate the color excesses and photometric distances based on the data from IPHAS photometric survey of the northern Galactic plane using individual total-to-selective extinction ratios Rr = Ar/Er?i for each cluster computed via the color-difference method based on IPHAS r, i, and Hα-band, 2MASS J-, H-, and Ks-band, WISE W1-band, and Pan-STARRS i-, z-, and y-band data. The inferred Rr values vary significantly from cluster to cluster spanning the Rr = 3.1–5.2 interval with a mean and standard deviation equal to 〈Rr〉 = 3.99 and σRr = 0.34, respectively.We identified cluster members using (1) absolute proper motions determined from individual-epoch positions of stars retrieved from IPHAS, 2MASS,URAT1, ALLWISE,UCAC5, and Gaia DR1 catalogs and positions of stars on individual Palomar Sky Survey plates reconstructed based on the data provided in USNO-B1.0 catalog and (2) absolute proper motions provided in Gaia DR2 catalog, and computed the averageGaia DR2 trigonometric parallaxes and propermotions of the clusters. Themean formal error of the inferred astrometric parallaxes of clusters is of about 7 μas, however, a comparison of astrometric and photometric parallaxes of our cluster sample implies that Gaia DR2 parallaxes are, on the average, systematically underestimated by 45 ± 9 μas. This result agrees with estimates obtained by other authors using other objects. At the same time, we find our photometric distance scale to be correct within the quoted errors (the inferred correction factor is equal to unity to within a standard error of 0.025).  相似文献   

3.
Astroplates acquired in the course of the Photographic Survey of the Northern Sky project (abbreviated as FON) were scanned at the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (MAO NASU). For this, the Microtek ScanMaker 9800XL TMA and Epson Expression 10000XL scanners were used. From 1600 plates of the total amount, the rectangular coordinates of stars were obtained. After the astrometric reduction, a catalog of the equatorial coordinates and brightness for more than 15 million stars was built up. The mean-squared errors in positions and B magnitudes of the stars in the catalog (from–2° to 90° by declination) mainly depend on the position in a plate, the overlapping multiplicity (that may reach 8), and the stellar magnitude. These errors estimated by internal convergence are within the limits of 0.1′′–0.4′′ and 0.05–0.2 m for the coordinates and stellar magnitudes, respectively.  相似文献   

4.
We present the results of our UBV and JHKLM photometry for the semiregular pulsating variable V1027 Cyg, a supergiant with an infrared excess, over the period from 1997 to 2015 (UBV) and in 2009–2015 (JHKLM). Together with the new data, we analyze the photometric observations of V1027 Cyg that we have obtained and published previously. Our search for a periodicity in the UBV brightness variations has led to several periods from P = 212d to 320d in different time intervals. We have found the period P = 237d based on our infrared photometry. The variability amplitude, the lightcurve shape, and themagnitude of V1027 Cyg atmaximum light change noticeably from cycle to cycle. The deepest minimum was observed in 2011, when the amplitudes of brightness variations in the star reached the following values: ΔU = 1 . m 28, ΔB = 1 . m 10, ΔV = 1 . m 05, ΔJ = 0 . m 30, ΔH = 0 . m 35, ΔK = 0 . m 32, ΔL = 0 . m 26, and ΔM = 0 . m 10. An ambiguous correlation of the B ? V and U ? B colors with the brightness has been revealed. For example, a noticeable bluing of the star was observed during the deep 1992, 2008, and 2011 minima, while the variations with smaller amplitudes show an increase in B ? V at the photometric minima. The spectral energy distribution for V1027 Cyg from our photometry in the range 0.36 (U)–5.0 (M) μm corresponds to spectral types from G8I to K3I at different phases of the pulsation cycle. Low-resolution spectra of V1027 Cyg in the range λ4400–9200 ?A were taken during 16 nights over the period 1995–2015. At the 1995 and 2011 photometric minima the star’s spectrum exhibited molecular TiO bands whose intensity corresponded to spectral types M0–M1, while the photometric data point to a considerably earlier spectral type. We hypothesize that the TiO bands are formed in the upper layers of the extended stellar atmosphere. We have measured the equivalent widths of the strongest absorption lines, in particular, the infrared Ca II triplet in the spectrum of V1027 Cyg. The calcium triplet (Ca T) with W λ(Ca T) = 20.3 ± 1.8 ?A as a luminosity indicator for supergiants places V1027 Cyg in the region of the brightest G–K supergiants. V1027 Cyg has been identified with the infrared source IRAS 20004+2955 and is currently believed to be a candidate for post-AGB stars. The evolutionary status of the star and its difference from other post-AGB objects are discussed.  相似文献   

5.
We present our long-term photometric and spectroscopic observations of a high-latitude B supergiant with an infrared excess—the protoplanetary nebula IRAS 18062+2410. OurU BV observations in 2000–2006 have confirmed the rapid irregular photometric variability of the star with a maximum amplitude as high as 0 . m 4 in V that we found previously. The B—V and U—B color indices vary with amplitudes as high as 0 . m 10 and 0 . m 25, respectively, and show no clear correlation with the brightness. Our V-band CCD observations on 11 nights in 2006 have revealed brightness trends during the night. The variability of IRAS18062+2410 is similar in pattern to the light variations in other hot post-AGB objects and some of the nuclei of young planetary nebulae. We assume that pulsations and a variable stellar wind can be responsible for the variability of these stars. In addition to the rapid variability, our 12-year-long observations have revealed a systematic decline in the mean brightness of IRAS 18062+2410. This may be related to a rise in the temperature of the star at constant luminosity as a result of its evolution. Low-resolution spectroscopic observations have shown a systematic increase in the equivalent widths of the Hα, Hβ, [NII]λ6584 Å, OI λ8446 Å, and [OII] λ7320–7330 Å emission lines. The changes in the star’s emission line spectrum are probably caused by an increase in the degree of ionization of the gas shell due to a rise in the temperature of the ionizing star. Our photometric and spectroscopic observations of IRAS 18062+2410 confirm the previously made assumptions that the star evolves very rapidly to the region of planetary nebulae.  相似文献   

6.
We present new results of our photometry for the Herbig Be star HD 52721 obtained from January 16 to March 25, 2013. A new data reduction technique is used. Using this technique, we have also reanalyzed the previous results of our photometry for this object pertaining to the period from March 7 to March 28, 2010. The Be star HD 52721 is known as an eclipsing variable with the period P = 1d. 610. Two photometric minima observed during one period are a peculiarity of its photometric variability. They are separated in phase of the period P by 0.5 and differ from one another in depth by 0 m . 04. We have also detected additional minima observed at the phases of maximum brightness. We hypothesize that they can be associated with the existence of local azimuthal inhomogeneities rotating synchronously with the orbital motion of the binary component stars in the circumstellar envelope. When processing our CCD frames, we have applied an efficient CCD-frame rejection method that has allowed the accuracy of observations to be increased considerably. The CCD frames have been further processed using the Apex II software package, which is a universal software platform for astronomical image processing. We justify the need for additional photometric observations of HD 52721 in various color bands to confirm the hypothesis about the existence of azimuthal inhomogeneities in the program binary system and to analyze their physical properties.  相似文献   

7.
We present an analysis of new photometric and spectropolarimetric observations of a chromospherically active star FKCom. Based on this observational data and the data from the literature sources, applying a common technique, we performed an analysis of a complete set of the available photometric data, which were divided into 218 individual light curves. For each of them a reverse problem of restoring largescale temperature irregularities on the surface of the star from its light curve was solved. We analyzed the time series for the brightness of the star in the U-, B-, and V-bands, the brightness variability amplitudes, the total area of the spots on the surface of the star, and the average brightness of each set considered. The analysis of determination results of the positions of active longitudes leads to the conclusion about the existence of two systems of active regions on the FKCom surface. It was determined that the positions of each of these systems undergo cyclic changes. This confirms the conclusion on the likely absence of a strongly pronounced regularity of the flip-flops in FKCom, earlier suggested by other researchers. The results of the new polarimetric observations FKCom in 2014–2015 are presented. These measurements evidence the legitimacy of the proposed interpretation the behavior of the longitudinal magnetic field strength 〈Bz〉, indicating the settling-in of a more symmetric distribution of magnetic region on the FKCom surface. An increasing activity of the star over the recent years, registered from the photometric observations is also consistent with the probable onset of growth in the 〈Bz〉 parameter starting from 2014.  相似文献   

8.
We measured the radial velocity of the star θ1 Ori D from IUE spectra and used published observations. Based on these data, we determined the period of its radial-velocity variations, P=20.2675±0.0010 days, constructed the phase radial-velocity curve, and solved it by least squares. The spectroscopic orbital elements were found to be the following: the epoch of periastron passage Ep=JD 2430826.6±0.1, the system's center-of-mass velocity /Gg=32.4±1.0 km s?1, K=14.3±1.5 km s?1, Ω=3.3±0.1 rad, e=0.68±0.09, a1 sin i = 3 × 1010 km, and f1 = 0.0025M⊙. Twice the period, P=40.528±0.002 days, is also consistent with the observations.  相似文献   

9.
Based on high-resolution spectra taken near the He I 6678 Å line for the massive binary system 103 Tau, we have detected a weak absorption component belonging to the binary’s secondary component. We have measured the radial velocities of both components, improved the previously known orbital parameters, and determined the new ones. The binary has an orbital period P orb = 58.305d, an orbital eccentricity e = 0.277, a radial velocity semi-amplitude of the bright component K A = 44.8 km s?1, and a component mass ratio M A /M B = 1.77. The absence of photometric variability and the estimates of physical parameters for the primary component suggest that the binary most likely has a considerable inclination of the orbital plane to the observer, i ≈ 50°?60°. In this case, the secondary component is probably a normal dwarf of spectral type B5–B8. Based on the spectra taken near the H α line, we have studied the variability of the emission profile. It is shown to be formed in the Roche lobe of the secondary component, but no traces of active mass exchange in the binary have been detected.  相似文献   

10.
Multicolor photometric observations of the optical afterglow from GRB 060526 with the Russian-Turkish 1.5-m RTT-150 telescope (Mount Bakyrlytepe, Turkey) are presented. The afterglow light curve was measured in detail starting from about 5 h after the GRB and over five ensuing nights. In addition, upper limits were obtained on the rapid variability of the afterglow on the first night of observations and the history of afterglow color variations was measured in detail. In the time interval from 6 to 16 h after the burst, the flux gradually decreased approximately as a power law with a slope of ?1.14 ± 0.02. Subsequently, variability was observed on a time scale δt < t and the afterglow began to decay much faster. The afterglow color was approximately constant (V?R ≈ 0.5) throughout the observations, despite the flux variability. Variability time scales up to δt/t ≈ 0.0055 were observed at ΔF ν/F ν ≈ 0.3, which violates many constraints on the variability of the observed emission from an ultrarelativistic jet obtained by Ioka et al. (2005). We suggest explaining this variability by the fact that the shell motion is no longer ultrarelativistic at this time.  相似文献   

11.
Multicolor BVRI surface photometry of the low-luminosity (M V ≈?18m) spiral galaxy NGC 4136 is presented. The photometric parameters of its components and the color distribution over the galactic disk are estimated. The color indices and the corresponding effective ages are determined for the brightest star-forming regions. The disk-to-dark halo mass ratio is derived from the measured rotation curve of the galaxy. The disk mass dominates within the optical boundaries of the galaxy, so its disk can be considered as a self-gravitating system.  相似文献   

12.
The results of spectroscopic observations of the star RY Tau in the ultraviolet based on IUE data and in the visual spectral range obtained at ShAO are presented. Despite significant brightness variability in 1983–1984, the Mg II λ2800 Å emission doublet showed no synchronous variation with the UBV photometric data. Periodic variability of the Mg II λ2800 Å emission intensity with a period of 23 days has been detected for the first time. The periodicity is also observed for a group of such lines as CIV λ1450 Å, He II λ1640 Å, and S II λ1756 Å. The equivalent widths and shifts of the individual components of the Hα, H + H ε , and CaII K lines also vary with the period found. The observed variability of the emission spectrum can be explained by the existence of a companion in the system in an orbit with a semimajor axis of about 0.13 AU.  相似文献   

13.
The previously derived equation (Agekyan 1974) for the derivative ?f/?n of the field of directions along the normal to a trajectory is approximate, because differentiating along the normal takes the point out of the orbit and changes the third integral of motion. However, on the envelope of the trajectory, i.e., on the contour of an orbit or a fold, ?f/?n undergoes a discontinuity of the second kind. Many authors have used this property to find points of the contours of orbits and folds. Although the integrable equation is approximate, the envelope points are determined accurately.  相似文献   

14.
We present the results of our processing of the first observations of extragalactic radio sources obtained with the eight-element International VLBI Network, which includes the Svetloe Russian Radio Astronomy Observatory equipped with a Mark 3A recording terminal. Our observations and their processing yielded highly accurate coordinates (in meters) of the Svetloe Observatory in the ITRF 2000 system: X = 2730173.854 ± 0.002, Y = 1562442.668 ± 0.004, Z = 5529969.069 ± 0.007. We also show that including the Svetloe Observatory in the International Network led to an appreciable improvement in the accuracy of determining the Earth’s rotation parameters (microarcseconds for the coordinates of the pole and nutation angles, microseconds for Universal Time): Xp = ?154683 ± 77, Yp = 361809 ± 59, UT1-UTC = ?325162.9 ± 2.5, Δψ = ?53147 ± 114, Δε = ?2286 ± 47.  相似文献   

15.
We present the results of our infrared JHK photometry for the unusual UX Ori star V1184 Tau. Comparison with previous observations performed before the catastrophic decline in its optical brightness in 2004 (when the star faded approximately by a factor of 100) has shown the following: the star faded approximately by 2 m and 1 m in the J and H bands, respectively, while its K brightness remained almost constant. This pattern of infrared variability seems incompatible with the mechanism of variable circumstellar extinction responsible for the dramatic decline in the star’s optical brightness. However, if this mechanism is considered in the context of an accretion disk model with a puffed-up inner rim in the dust sublimation zone and with a disk wind producing an expanding gas-dust atmosphere above the disk surface, then the paradox can be resolved. In this model, the photometric activity of V1184 Tau in both visible and near-infrared spectral ranges, including the sharp brightness decline in 2004, can be explained by an increase in the geometric thickness of the disk in the dust sublimation zone caused by enhanced accretion of circumstellar matter onto the star. There is reason to believe that such events occur periodically and result from the presence of a companion to V1184 Tau moving in a highly eccentric orbit. The offered interpretation of the photometric activity of V1184 Tau allows this object to be classified as an UX Ori star based on the observed photometric effect and, at the same time, as a FU Ori star based on the pattern of the physical process that produced this effect.  相似文献   

16.
We investigated the correlation between the motions of the images of the components of the double star α Gem. The angular distance between the components (4.8″) corresponds approximately to the laser communications experiments with the geostationary Artemis satellite. The images were acquired with CCD cameras at the ESA’s Optical Ground Station (the Canary Islands) and at the AZT-2 telescope of the Main Astronomical Observatory (Kyiv, Ukraine). Short exposures were made every second with narrow filters at a wavelength of about 850 μm. Mean photometric positions of the α Gem component images and their deviations were determined, and the correlation coefficients for the displacements of two images in the X and Y coordinates were calculated: K X = 0.96 and K Y = 0.95. The defocusing of the images was examined with the use of their full widths at half-maximum. We demonstrate that the atmospheric turbulence in the laser communications experiments with the geostationary satellite Artemis can be compensated for with the use of the data on the image motion observed in the direction toward the visible position of the satellite.  相似文献   

17.
In 2006, a complete database of the international campaign on photometric observations of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter in the 1997 epoch of mutual occultations and eclipses was published. Only two thirds of the observations were considered by other authors beforehand. In this study, we have processed the whole observational database with an original technique in order to obtain the astrometric data. We determined 301 relative positions of the satellites from photometric observations performed at 50 observatories around the world. The results are put into a common database of all observations of the natural planetary satellites called the Natural Satellites Data Center (NSDC) available on the Internet site http://www.sai.msu.ru/neb/nss/index.htm. The influence of random and systematic errors on the accuracy of determining the coordinates of satellites has been analyzed. It has been shown that the largest systematic errors are caused by inaccurate elimination of the background of the photometric measurements and by the erroneous data on the albedo of satellites. The actual accuracy of astrometric results is 0.05″ and 0.07″ in right ascension and declination, respectively. New recommendations for photometric observations of satellites during the considered phenomena have been developed in order to avoid the systematic errors.  相似文献   

18.
We present the results of our photometric (BV R) and spectroscopic CCD observations of NGC 304 and NGC 7625, candidate polar-ring galaxies, performed with the 6-m Special Astrophysical Observatory telescope. For NGC 304, such a study has been carried out for the first time. We have obtained basic integrated characteristics of the galaxies and determined their morphological types (S0 for NGC 304 and Sa for NGC 7625). The absolute magnitudes of the galaxies, M B = ?20m.81 for NGC 304 and M B = ?19m.34 for NGC7625, are indicative of their fairly high luminosities. The disk and bulge parameters have been determined forNGC 304 (µ0 = 20m.60, h = 3.86 kpc, µ e = 21m.59, r e = 1.26 kpc in the B band); these correspond to the parameters of S0-type objects. The rotation velocity for NGC 304 (200 km s?1) reaches its maximum at a galactocentric distance of 3.1 kpc, which yields a mass estimate for the galaxy of 2.8 × 1010 \(\mathcal{M}_ \odot \). The observed photometric features at the center of NGC 304 indicate that it may have an inner ring structure, although we have failed to confirm the existence of two kinematic systems based on our spectroscopic observations. In NGC 7625, the disk makes a dominant contribution to the total brightness. The derived integrated color indices (B-V = 0m.81 and V-R = 0m.61) agree with previous determinations of other authors. We have estimated the учештсешщт in the inner galactic regions. In the outer regions, we have detected structures with bluer colors (B-V = 0m.60), which may be indicative of a polar ring with a minor stellar component.  相似文献   

19.
Available velocity dispersion estimates for the old stellar population of galactic disks at galactocentric distances r?2L (where L is the photometric radial scale length of the disk) are used to determine the threshold local surface density of disks that are stable against gravitational perturbations. The mass of the disk Md calculated under the assumption of its marginal stability is compared with the total mass Mt and luminosity L B of the galaxy within r=4L. We corroborate the conclusion that a substantial fraction of the mass in galaxies is probably located in their dark halos. The ratio of the radial velocity dispersion to the circular velocity increases along the sequence of galactic color indices and decreases from the early to late morphological types. For most of the galaxies with large color indices (B–V)0>0.75, which mainly belong to the S0 type, the velocity dispersion exceeds significantly the threshold value required for the disk to be stable. The reverse situation is true for spiral galaxies: the ratios Md/LB for these agree well with those expected for evolving stellar systems with the observed color indices. This suggests that the disks of spiral galaxies underwent no significant dynamical heating after they reached a quasi-equilibrium stable state.  相似文献   

20.
The catalog of equatorial coordinates α and δ and B-magnitudes of stars has been created at the Main Astronomical Observatory, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (MAO NASU), for the circumpolar region (from 58° to 90°) of the Northern Sky Survey (FON) project within the work on the rational use of resources accumulated in the JDA (Joint Digital Archive) of the Ukrainian Virtual Observatory (UkrVO). The total number of processed plates is 477. The plates were digitized with the using Microtek ScanMaker 9800XL TMA and Epson Expression 10000XL scanners (scanning mode was 1200 dpi, the linear size of plates was 30 × 30 cm or 13000 × 13000 px). The catalog includes 1 975 967 stars and galaxies with B of up to 16.5 m as of the epoch of 1985.28. The coordinates of stars and galaxies were obtained in the Tycho-2 reference system and B-magnitudes were obtained in the system of photoelectric standards. The internal errors of the catalog for all the objects are σαδ = 0.23′′ and σ B = 0.12 m , and those for stars of the B range from 8 m –14 m , 0.11′′ and 0.06 m , respectively. The convergence between the calculated and reference positions is σαδ = 0.06′′ (for 171124 stars from Tycho-2), and that between the photoelectric stellar B-magnitudes is σ B = 0.15m (for 5130 stars). The external error from the comparison with UCAC-4 are σαδ = 0.33′′ (1928367 stars and galaxies have been cross identified).  相似文献   

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