共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
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多源地理空间数据差异的成因探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着地理信息的应用不断深入,人们对地理信息的需求也在不断变化,不可避免产生不同来源、格式、比例尺、多投影方式或大地坐标系统的地理空间数据.从空间实体或现象本身不确定性、人类认知表达能力的局限性、空间实体或现象观测的误差、计算机表达地理对象的局限性和空间数据操作产生的误差等方面详细分析了多源地理空间数据产生的客观和主观原因,这对GIS部门之间的数据共享和数据集成来说,具有重要应用价值. 相似文献
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《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2008,5(4):560-563
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PS-DInSAR公共主影像的优化选取 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
在充分顾及DInSAR时空基线跨度及多普勒质心频率差异3个因素对干涉相关性影响的基础上,提出一种PS—DInSAR公共主影像的优化选取算法,采用综合相关测度作为总体干涉相关性的衡量指标,给出具体的综合相关函数模型及其求解方法。借助欧洲空间局（ESA）ERS-1／2卫星从1992—2002年间飞越上海地区所获取的25幅C波段SAR影像作为源数据,开展了PS—DInSAR公共主影像的优化选取实验。计算结果与分析表明,综合相关系数模型用于PS公共主影像的优化选取是有效的和可靠的。 相似文献
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多项式曲线拟合、三次样条曲线拟合、多项式曲面拟合、多面函数曲面拟合、移动法曲面拟合是全球定位测量水准拟合常用方法,本文结合实例,分析多种方法获得数据的精度,并通过工程实例比较和分析,认为移动法曲面拟合拟合法精度更高且稳定,具有较高的可靠性和实用价值。 相似文献
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针对对数比例变换法和多波段模型法两种操作简便的水深反演方法的优劣进行对比,旨在探讨二者对于大量浅海水深快速反演流程化工作的适用性。基于水深参考数据,随机选取138个样本点分别构建反演模型,并分层随机抽取100个验证点进行精度评价。从模型决定系数R2、反演精度,以及方法鲁棒性和适用性3个方面进行对比分析。结果表明,多波段模型法的决定系数R2(0.912)优于对数比例变换法(0.776);多波段模型法的反演平均绝对误差为1.47m,平均相对误差11.67%,均略低于对数比例变换法(1.45m,11.49%),但后者在小于1m的水深范围内的反演结果存在大范围错误,精度明显低于前者;多波段模型法可通过对回归方程和回归系数的显著性检验而不断优化,鲁棒性和适用性亦明显优于对数比例变换法。因此,本研究认为多波段模型法更适用于大量浅海水深快速反演流程化工作。 相似文献
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张洪喜 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(5):160-162
地理国情普查是一项覆盖全国、长期持续的生产任务.国情软件在整个国情生产中起到重要作用,本文通过对地理国情信息提取软件Geoway For NC的应用角度出发,分析了地理国情普查的作业流程,阐述了国情要素的提取方法,总结了利用该软件的生产经验,希望对利用相关软件进行国情生产有所帮助. 相似文献
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基于O-QTM的球面VORONOI图的生成算法 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
提出了基于“Q－QTM”（Octahedral Quaternary Triangular Mesh）剖分的球面Voronoi图的格网生成算法；首先介绍了球面的QTM格网划发和编码方法，并根据地址码进行邻近球面三角形的探索；然后，参照数学形态学原理，重新定义了球面三角网的膨胀操作和膨胀算子，利用球面实体的递归膨胀来生成球面Voronoi图。应用VC^ 语言在OpenGL3维平台上开发了相应的实验程序，实验结果表明：利用此算法可生成球面上任意实体的Voronoi图，且生成点、弧和曲面Voronoi图的时间复杂度是一样的；而其误差受球面距离的影响较小，主要与球面实体的位置有关。最后给出了本文研究的结论及进一步的工作。 相似文献
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Geospatial technologies are emerging as one of the most promising environments for development of emergency management framework. Geospatial technologies such as Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems and Global Positioning Systems integrated with valuable near/real-time field information can provide a comprehensive platform for emergency management. Satellite imagery, vector database, Location Based Services and ancillary data having the relevant attribute information with access and query tools helps the disaster manager to analyse the required information for relief operations. However, the conceptual design of the database, integration procedures, development of decision support functions and dissemination of information integrating real-time information from the field are very important issues in development framework for emergency management. There are some technological challenges in the emergency response for deriving the required outputs such as damage assessment, evacuation planning, situation monitoring, information dissemination, and coordination of resource and logistic planning. This article provides a framework for the integration of various multi-disciplinary technologies for addressing emergency management. 相似文献
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Iran is dominated by arid and semi-arid climate with sporadic rainfall which creates seasonal floods and causes considerable damages and occasionally loss of life. The current research with the aim of flood damage reduction presents an innovative applied methodology for spatial optimization of flood control measures based on sub-catchments location. The presented methodology determines the contribution of each sub-catchment to the main catchment outlet flood peak and prioritizes sub-catchments for implementation of flood control measures. For this purpose catchment flood hydrographs are simulated by calibration and evaluation of a hydrologic model. The isochrones of the catchment have been computed and drawn and sub-catchment spatial distribution is investigated in relation to isochronal areas. Considering both spatial distribution and flooding potential of sub-catchments and their combined effects on the flood peak, their contribution to flood peak was modified by implementing flood control measure. Testing of this methodology on an experimental catchment indicated that sub-catchments located near the centroid of the catchment with an area of 64.6 km2 have the greatest effects on flood peak for the overall catchment with an area of 284.6 km2. It was concluded that flood control measures should be concentrated in these sub-catchments as the first priority. 相似文献
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Upendra Kumar Rajput Sanjay Kumar Ghosh Anil Kumar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(4):709-724
This paper aims in presenting a thorough comparison of performance of pan sharpening techniques, belonging to spatial, spectral, scale-space and spatial-frequency domain, for Very High Resolution Satellite Data. With the availability of new Very High Resolution sensors, especially, World View-2 sensor, which provides data at sub-meter level, the need for fusion of Panchromatic (PAN) and Multispectral (MS) images has to be further investigated. Pan-sharpening techniques namely, Hue-Saturation-Intensity, Brovey Transform, Principal Components Analysis, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Stationary Wavelet Transform, Non Sub-sampled contourlet Transform and Pseudo Wigner Distribution (PWD) fusion method have been selected for the fusion of PAN and MS images of World View-2 sensor. Further, the comparison of performance of each of the techniques have been carried out by using various evaluation indicators, such as, Root Mean Square Error, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Correlation Coefficient, Universal Image Quality Index. It is found that PWD based fusion technique gives good result with a good trade-off between the preservation of spectral information and enhancement of spatial resolution. 相似文献
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The causes which prevent an increase in the accuracy of the refractive indices for high-precision electronic distance measurements
are described. It is shown that there is a large number of molecular resonances in the visible and IR spectrum which are due
to practically all atmospheric components and not just the trace gases. It is also shown that in such conditions the Rayleigh,
Lorentz-Lorenz and Sellmeier formulae need to be corrected. Methods for the correction and experimental testing are proposed.
Received: 16 July 1996 / Accepted: 27 March 1997 相似文献
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球近似下地球外空间任意类型场元的地形影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
传统的重力归算方法只适用于地球表面上的重力异常,不能用于扰动重力、垂线偏差、重力梯度等其他类型扰动重力场元,不适合处理除地面外其他高度上场元的地形影响问题。当前,地球重力场探测的场元类型越来越丰富,探测的高度也逐渐转向航空和卫星高度,精确处理地球外空间各种类型重力场元的地形影响已成为地球重力场领域面临的重要课题。本文通过直接分解由地形生成的具有调和性质的引力场,从而导出地球外空间任意高度、任意类型扰动重力场元的地形影响,在此基础上给出在球近似下地形影响的严密算法和高精度快速算法。利用本文推荐的地形影响计算方案,可以方便地处理各种类型地面重力、海洋重力、航空重力、卫星重力、卫星测高数据的地形影响,从而丰富重力场数据处理的内涵,改善地球重力场算法的性能。 相似文献
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回顾了中国全球定位系统技术应用协会《教育与发展》专业委员会成立十年以来的工作,探讨了《教育与发展》专业委员会今后的工作任务。 相似文献
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航海用DDM向非航海用转换时的整体偏差补偿方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对航海用数字水深模型（DDM）向非航海用转换这一问题,提出了一种用整体偏差值补偿来提高转换精度的方法。首先建立航海用DDM整体性偏差值与海底地形复杂因子、海图比例尺之间的关系;其次依据上述关系预先推算航海用DDM的整体偏差值;最后将整体偏差值补偿到转换前的航海用DDM的模型点上,以提高转换后的非航海用DDM精度。试验证明：①所提的方法可行,可提高转换后非航海用DDM的精度;②转换后非航海用DDM精度提高的程度与海底地形复杂因子和海图比例尺有关。 相似文献
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长线路测量坐标系建立与GPS的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文以沪昆高铁浙江段前期勘测定界控制测量为例,阐述坐标系统选择的过程,通过对投影变形值的分析,选择适宜的坐标系统,并建立了该线路的GPS平面控制网,满足勘测定界测量工作的要求。 相似文献
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非航海用DDM向航海应用转换的方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对非航海用数字水深模型（DDM）不能直接应用于航海上的这一问题,提出了一种基于水深不确定度拟合面的非航海用DDM向航海应用转换的方法。采用不确定度合成方法计算原始水深不确定度对非航海用DDM建模点的传递不确定度;利用测试点检验法估算非航海用DDM网格的地形描述不确定度,进而合成建模点的综合不确定度;基于模型网格双线性法构建非航海用DDM的水深不确定度拟合面,并推估模型内任一点的水深不确定度,以提高转换后非航海用DDM的深度保证率。试验证明：所提方法切实可行,能够较大程度地提高转换后非航海用DDM的深度保证率,以满足舰船的安全航海需求。 相似文献
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Measures to select despeckling filter to remove speckles from TerraSAR-X image have been evaluated for an area having varied land cover classes. Gamma, Lee, Sigma, Mean, Median and Frost filters were applied in different window sizes. These images are visually compared and four parameters viz. Noise Mean Value (NMV), Noise Variance (NV), Mean Square Difference (MSD) and Equivalent Numbers of Looks (ENL) are calculated. These parameters were well implemented to compare results of various despeckling filters on TerraSAR-X image recorded in high resolution spot mode and checked for the constraints. Median 7x7 filter was found most suitable among other filters to despeckle the images. 相似文献