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1.
农业适宜性评价是当前国土空间开发适宜性评价及空间规划的重要内容。本文以中山市为例,利用卫星遥感影像、DEM、统计年鉴、相关政府部门政务公开数据以及大数据爬虫数据等众源数据,采用层次分析法(AHP)和熵权法(EWM)两种方法分别对各指标数据计算权重,得到两份农业空间适宜性评价结果。在此基础上通过集成学习法得到一份最终农业空间适宜性评价结果。结果表明,中山市农业高、较高适宜区主要分布在黄埔镇东北部、三角镇、民众镇、港口镇、南朗镇东部、坦洲镇西南部、板芙镇西北部和沙溪镇北部;低适宜区主要分布在五桂山街道、南朗镇西北部、火炬开发区、东区街道、板芙镇东部和坦洲镇北部;其余为中适宜区。  相似文献   

2.
The aim of this research is evaluation of land suitability for urban land‐use planning. Four factors and fourteen criteria were selected for suitability analysis and land‐use planning. Factors and criteria were defined based on literature survey, experts’ opinions, local contexts and availability of data. GIS‐based Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used as a Multi‐criteria Decision Making model. The study was conducted on a selected area of Dhaka city, which is one of the fastest growing mega‐cities of the world. The research result shows that highly suitable area (13%) should be used for urban residential zone; moderately suitable area (35%) should be designated as mixed use zone; low suitable area (42%) should be reserved for agricultural use and open spaces; and not suitable area (10%) should be protected from any types of activities except agriculture. The research approached an urban land‐use planning at a regional scale.  相似文献   

3.
Identification of suitable site for urban development in hilly areas is one of the critical issues of planning. Site suitability analysis has become inevitable for delineating appropriate site for various developmental initiatives, especially in the undulating terrain of the hills. The study illustrates the use of geographic information system (GIS) and multicriteria evaluation (MCE) technique for selection of suitable sites for urban development in Mussoorie municipal area, Dehradun district, Uttarakhand. For this purpose Toposheet and IKONOS satellite data were used to generate various thematic layers using ArcGIS software. Criteria using five parameters, i.e. slope, road proximity, land use/land cover, land values and geological formation were used for site suitability analysis following land evaluation. The generated thematic maps of these criteria were standardized using pairwise comparison matrix known as analytical hierarchy process (AHP). A weight for each criterion was generated by comparing them with each other according to their importance. With the help of these weights and criteria, final site suitability map was prepared.  相似文献   

4.
Most part of Iran is arid and semi-arid; thus in most parts of the region, groundwater is the only source of water. This research presents a method based on a spatial multi-criterion evaluation (SMCE) for designing possible sites of underground dams and ranks them according to their suitability. The method was tested for siting underground dams in the Alborz Province, Iran. At first, screening algorithm was applied using exclusionary criteria, and thirty-one potential areas were recognized in the study area. In the next step, a suitable gorge or valley was recognized using the combination of basic maps and extensive field surveys (long axis of tank level) in each potential area. Subsequently, the analytical hierarchy process was used as a powerful tool for decision-making in the SMCE in order to evaluate different criteria for underground dam sites. SMCE techniques were then applied to combine the criteria, and obtain a suitability map in the study area. These sites were then compared and ranked according to their main criteria such as water, storage, axis and socio-economics. All these criteria were assessed through geographical information system modelling. This method shows passable results and could be used for site selection of underground dams in other regions of Iran.  相似文献   

5.
The aim of this study is finding suitable locations for ecotourism development in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. For this, potential ecotourism sites were identified and ranked using Geographical Information System and Analytical Hierarchy Process. Five factors and 15 criteria were identified to evaluate suitability of sites. Factors and criteria were selected based on literature review, local knowledge and experts’ opinions. Considering the national and international contexts and effects of ecotourism, this study proposes treating highly suitable areas more ‘naturally’ and, for conservation programmes, creating tourist facilities in moderately suitable areas by targeting growth centres and protecting agricultural land as well as local primary activities in marginally suitable areas.  相似文献   

6.
Protected areas are established to conserve unique features and biodiversity of the nature. Accordingly, wherever has one of the natural, ecological and/or cultural values it should be considered a protected area. Kave-Deh No-hunting Area is located on extremely east of Tehran Province in an area of 94,961 ha. Due to rich and diverse land cover, distinctive wildlife species, and unique monuments the area was selected as a case study to examine the possibility of its promotion to the protected area using Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) Method. For this purpose, the relevant criteria were identified by Delphi method. After finalization of the most important criteria by Delphi panelists, the map layers were prepared at the scale of 1:100000, in the environment of GIS Software. Afterwards, the map layers were divided into factors and constraints of which factors were standardized by S-shaped membership functions of fuzzy logic. The dimensionless factor maps were weighted using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method in the environment of Expert Choice Software. Subsequently, a mathematical equation was extracted to conduct the land suitability analysis. The Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) Method was applied to overlay the map layers and obtain the final ‘nature conservation’ land use map. The final land suitability map showed that 34,687 ha of whole study area (equal to 37 %) have the potentiality for promotion to the protected area.  相似文献   

7.
The authors compare key elements of the emerging field of Indoor Location-Based Services (Indoor LBS) to those currently found in spatial data infrastructure (SDI) programs. After a brief review of SDIs and Location-Based Services, the corresponding drivers, characteristics and emerging issues within the field of Indoor LBS are introduced and discussed. A comparative framework relates the two in terms of the criteria ‘People’, ‘Data', ‘Technologies', ‘Standards' and ‘Policies/Institutional Arrangements'. After highlighting key similarities and differences, the authors suggested three areas – definition of common framework datasets in Indoor LBS, more effective use of volunteered geographic information by SDI programs and development of appropriate privacy policies by both communities – that may benefit from sharing ‘lessons learned'.  相似文献   

8.
This article compares two fuzzy approaches to land suitability evaluations, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Ideal Point. The methods were evaluated using a case study which models the opportunities for wheat production under irrigation conditions in the north‐western region of Jeffara Plain, Libya. A number of relevant soil and landscape criteria were identified through a review of the literature and their weights specified as a result of discussions with local experts. The results of the Fuzzy AHP showed that the majority of the study area has membership values to the set of suitability between 0.40 and 0.50, while the results of the Ideal Point approach revealed most of the study area to have membership values between 0.30 and 0.40. While the Fuzzy AHP and Ideal Point approaches accommodate the continuous nature of many soil properties and produce more intuitive distributions of land suitabilities values, the Fuzzy AHP approach was found to be better than Fuzzy Ideal Point. This was due to the latter's tendency to be biased towards positive and negative ideal values.  相似文献   

9.
The present study demonstrated the methodology to assess agro-climatic suitability of the soybean crop through integration of crop suitability based on FAO framework of land evaluation and biophysical (water limited) yield potential in the rainfed agro-ecosystem. A long term climatic database (1980–2003) was prepared to compute decadal rainfall and temperature variations of 13 IMD stations in part of Madhya Pradesh state. The climatic database was used in soil water balance software–BUDGET to compute crop specific length of growing period (LGP) and biophysical production potential such as water limited crop yield potential of each soil types for soybean crop. Water limited crop yield potential of soils were found to be varied from 33 to 100 and LGP ranged from 65 to 180 days in the area. FAO based land suitability was analyzed in association with the water limited yield potential for better appraisal of land potential and assess their suitability in rainfed area. FAO based land suitability indicated 2.45 % area as highly suitable and 57.49 % area as moderately suitable. However, integration of water limited crop yield potential with FAO based land suitability lead to agro-climatic suitability analysis indicated 17.60 % and 40.03 % area, respectively as highly suitable and moderately suitable. FAO based land evaluation showed 88.13 % of plains as moderately suitable whereas agro-climatic suitability indicated only 47.79 %. Agro-climatic suitability analysis revealed undulating plateau and undulating plains as most suitable for soybean crop.  相似文献   

10.
The development of groundwater favourability map is an effective tool for the sustainability management of groundwater resources in typical agricultural regions, such as southern Perak Province, Malaysia. Assessing the potentiality and pollution vulnerability of groundwater is a fundamental phase of favourability mapping. A geographic information system (GIS)-based Boolean operator of a spatial analyst module was applied to combine a groundwater potentiality map (GPM) model and a groundwater vulnerability to pollution index (GVPI) map, thereby establishing the favourable zones for drinking water exploration in the investigated area. The area GPM model was evaluated by applying a GIS-based Dempster–Shafer–evidential belief function model. In the evaluation, six geoelectrically determined groundwater potential conditioning factors (i.e. overburden resistivity, overburden thickness, aquifer resistivity, aquifer thickness, aquifer transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity) were synthesized by employing the probability-based algorithms of the model. The generated thematic maps of the seven hydrogeological parameters of the DRASTIC model were considered as pollution potential conditioning factors and were analysed with the developed ordered weighted average–DRASTIC index model algorithms to construct the GVPI map. Approximately 88.8 and 85.71% prediction accuracies for the Groundwater Potentiality and GVPI maps were established using the reacting operating characteristic curve method and water quality status–vulnerability zone relationship scheme, respectively. Finally, the area groundwater favourability map (GFM) model was produced by applying a GIS-based Boolean operator on the Groundwater Potentiality and GVPI maps. The GFM model reveals three distinct zones: ‘not suitable’, ‘less suitable’ and ‘very suitable’ zones. The area analysis of the GFM model indicates that more than 50% of the study area is covered by the ‘very suitable’ zones. Results produce a suitability map that can be used by local authorities for the exploitation and management of drinking water in the area. The study findings can also be applied as a tool to help increase public awareness of groundwater issues in developing countries.  相似文献   

11.
作为主体功能区划的重要基础性工作,空间开发适宜性评价在协调解决城镇化进程中产生的空间开发失控和区域无序竞争等问题方面具有重要意义。本文利用地理国情成果数据、大比例尺基础测绘成果数据和行业专题资料及统计资料,结合GIS分析技术和层次分析方法,在构建适宜榆林市实际的空间开发适宜性评价体系的基础上,详细分析了榆林市空间开发的适宜性。结果表明,榆林市最适宜开发和较适宜开发的区域主要分布在榆林市的西北部地区,占榆林市总面积的18.4%;最不适宜开发和不适宜开发的地区主要分布在榆林市东南部地区,分别占榆林市总面积的39.86%和41.75%。究其原因,可能由于榆林市东南部多为山区、地势复杂,属于地质灾害频发地区,同时该地区人口数量大,导致人均可利用水资源较为匮乏,开发难度较大。  相似文献   

12.
Bolhasan Forest region with an area of 5,725?ha is located on east north of Dezful County, Iran. The region belongs to natural forests of Dezful. Considering the area is mainly covered by valuable species of Amygdalus Scopartia, its sustainable exploitation and development as well as restoration enjoys great importance. Study ahead aims at selection of suitable habitats for under studied species using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Therewith, the required thematic maps were imported in to GIS Software and final suitability map was prepared. The results indicated that around 2,119?ha (37%) out of all study area has high suitability for habitat of Amygdalus Scopartia. In the meanwhile, 1,603?ha [equal to 28%] is categorized as good suitability class and 2,003?ha [35%] has poor suitability.  相似文献   

13.
Quantification and assessment of nationwide population access to health-care services is a critical undertaking for improving population health and optimizing the performance of national health systems. Rural–urban unbalance of population access to health-care services is widely involved in most of the nations. This unbalance is also potentially affected by varied weather and road conditions. This study investigates the rural and urban performances of public health system by quantifying the spatiotemporal variations of accessibility and assessing the impacts of potential factors. Australian health-care system is used as a case study for the rural–urban comparison of population accessibility. A nationwide travel time-based modified kernel density two-step floating catchment area (MKD2SFCA) model is utilized to compute accessibility of travel time within 30, 60, 120, and 240 min to all public hospitals, hospitals that provide emergency care, and hospitals that provide surgery service, respectively. Results show that accessibility is varied both temporally and spatially, and the rural–urban unbalance is distinct for different types of hospitals. In Australia, from the perspective of spatial distributions of health-care resources, spatial accessibility to all public hospitals in remote and very remote areas is not lower (and may even higher) than that in major cities, but the accessibility to hospitals that provide emergency and surgery services is much higher in major cities than other areas. From the angle of temporal variation of accessibility to public hospitals, reduction of traffic speed is 1.00–3.57% due to precipitation and heavy rain, but it leads to 18–23% and 31–50% of reduction of accessibility in hot-spot and cold-spot regions, respectively, and the impact is severe in New South Wales, Queensland, and Northern Territory during wet seasons. Spatiotemporal analysis for the variations of accessibility can provide quantitative and accurate evidence for geographically local and dynamic strategies of allocation decision-making of medical resources and optimizing health-care systems both locally and nationally.  相似文献   

14.
The goal of this study was to map rainfed and irrigated rice-fallow cropland areas across South Asia, using MODIS 250?m time-series data and identify where the farming system may be intensified by the inclusion of a short-season crop during the fallow period. Rice-fallow cropland areas are those areas where rice is grown during the kharif growing season (June–October), followed by a fallow during the rabi season (November–February). These cropland areas are not suitable for growing rabi-season rice due to their high water needs, but are suitable for a short -season (≤3 months), low water-consuming grain legumes such as chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), black gram, green gram, and lentils. Intensification (double-cropping) in this manner can improve smallholder farmer’s incomes and soil health via rich nitrogen-fixation legume crops as well as address food security challenges of ballooning populations without having to expand croplands. Several grain legumes, primarily chickpea, are increasingly grown across Asia as a source of income for smallholder farmers and at the same time providing rich and cheap source of protein that can improve the nutritional quality of diets in the region. The suitability of rainfed and irrigated rice-fallow croplands for grain legume cultivation across South Asia were defined by these identifiers: (a) rice crop is grown during the primary (kharif) crop growing season or during the north-west monsoon season (June–October); (b) same croplands are left fallow during the second (rabi) season or during the south-east monsoon season (November–February); and (c) ability to support low water-consuming, short-growing season (≤3 months) grain legumes (chickpea, black gram, green gram, and lentils) during rabi season. Existing irrigated or rainfed crops such as rice or wheat that were grown during kharif were not considered suitable for growing during the rabi season, because the moisture/water demand of these crops is too high. The study established cropland classes based on the every 16-day 250?m normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series for one year (June 2010–May 2011) of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, using spectral matching techniques (SMTs), and extensive field knowledge. Map accuracy was evaluated based on independent ground survey data as well as compared with available sub-national level statistics. The producers’ and users’ accuracies of the cropland fallow classes were between 75% and 82%. The overall accuracy and the kappa coefficient estimated for rice classes were 82% and 0.79, respectively. The analysis estimated approximately 22.3?Mha of suitable rice-fallow areas in South Asia, with 88.3% in India, 0.5% in Pakistan, 1.1% in Sri Lanka, 8.7% in Bangladesh, 1.4% in Nepal, and 0.02% in Bhutan. Decision-makers can target these areas for sustainable intensification of short-duration grain legumes.  相似文献   

15.
为了对老挝沙湾区土地适宜性进行评价,本文选择了地形、土壤、水利、区位和生态5类13项指标,建立了老挝沙湾区土地适宜性评价指标体系;将层次分析法(AHP)与GIS技术相结合,对老挝沙湾区农业用地、林业用地和建设用地进行适宜性评价。研究结果表明:宜农用地占土地面积的30.16%,主要分布在海拔较低、坡度较小的沙湾拿吉大平原以及湄公河沿岸;宜林用地占土地总面积的60.07%,主要分布在东部和北部山区;宜建用地占土地总面积的4.62%,主要分布在平原地区,湄公河沿岸,以及交通较发达地区;不适宜用地占总面积的2.32%,主要分布在甘蒙省西北部以及东部。研究方法和研究结果可以为老挝沙湾拿吉省土地利用规划和相关研究提供科学依据与支持,同时为老挝今后的土地资源开发奠定基础。  相似文献   

16.
The present study was carried out to evaluate agricultural capability of a watershed located in Khuzestan; a province in southern Iran. It is aimed to examine the applicability of Multi Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods in site selection process. Accordingly, the ecological resources of the watershed were initially identified. To specify the criteria required for agricultural land evaluation, Delphi method was applied. After selecting the criteria, they were weighted using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method. Weighted Overlay (WO) Method was also used to overlay the map layers in the GIS environment. Afterwards, sensitivity analysis was performed using Weights Sensitivity Analysis (WSA) method to show the impressibility rate of the results against a certain changes in the inputs. The results revealed that out of 6591.2 ha of the total watershed area, 50.8 % has unsuitable potentiality while 27.32 % has a poor suitability for irrigated agriculture. It was also determined that only 6.96 % of the whole study area has a suitable potential for this purpose. Besides, the findings indicated that 23.38 % of the total watershed area is unsuitable for rain-fed farming. the results also showed that 31.78 % and 19.12 % of the entire study area has moderate and high potentials for rain-fed agriculture, respectively. In a general overview, this study could present how MCDM is effective in handling land capability studies.  相似文献   

17.
Land suitability analysis is prerequisite for sustainable agriculture and it plays a pivotal role in the niche based agricultural planning in mountain regions. In this paper different parameters viz. climatic (precipitation and temperature), topographic (elevation), soil type and land cover/land use have been used in order to perform land suitability evaluation for cereals food-grain crops in Himachal Pradesh using Geographic Information System (GIS). The suitability analysis was performed by digital processing of geo-referenced data (elevation, climate, soil and landcover) and calculating potential production areas by combining different types of geographical data through decision rules framed for each crop in ArcView spatial analyst. Suitable areas have been delineated for cereal crops in the form of land suitability maps. In comparison to the actual area under cereal crops, the possibility of further expansion under each cereal crop was determined. These discriminated areas appear suitable for growing these crops and can be harnessed efficiently for achieving long term sustainability and food security.  相似文献   

18.
Extreme flood events often have adverse effects for people living near or within areas at risk. Reactivating morphological river floodplains for flood retention measures can substantially reduce flood wave peaks and the negative flooding consequences. This article accordingly focuses on a methodology for identifying suitable locations for such measures by spatial multicriteria evaluation (MCE). Compromise programming (CP) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are core methodological components. Furthermore, this methodology is based on impact analysis and draws on expert knowledge. This article also deals with software tools that support the operationalization of methodological components. Data harmonization algorithms are implemented as geoprocessing tools. Both CP and AHP are designed as software providing graphical user interfaces (GUIs). While an extension integrates CP into a geoinformation system, AHP is realized as a web application enabling participation of expert practitioners. The methodological components are operationalized through an example on the floodplains of the German river Elbe.  相似文献   

19.
The study explores the use of multiple criteria decision techniques in predicting spatial niche of Brown oak (also known as Kharsu oak, Quercus semecarpifolia Sm.) formation in midaltitude (2,400–3,500 meter amsl) Kumaun Himalaya. Predictive models using various climatic and topographical factors influencing Brown oak’s growth and survival were developed to define its current ecological niche. Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) method involving Saaty’s pair-wise comparison was performed to rank the explanatory powers of each compared variable. Variables were suitably weighted using fuzzy factor standardization scheme to reflect their relative importance in defining species niche. An optimum indicator was then chosen for deriving a site suitability map of brown oak. This study establishes the role of aspect in the current distribution of the species along with known influence of altitude. Future niches of oak has been tracked in the projected climate change scenario of +1°C and +2°C rise in temperature and 20 mm in precipitation. The results show that on predicted +1°C and +2°C increase in temperature, present habitat of brown oak distribution may be reduced by 40 per cent and 76 per cent respectively.  相似文献   

20.
Delineating the distribution of oil and natural gas resources is a prerequisite of exploitation. The delineation methods usually include conventional techniques of reservoir evaluation and mathematical models. The conventional reservoir evaluation results generally depend on the experts' knowledge and experience in the field. The mathematical methods mostly require accurate models to be proposed. Considering spatial relationships and characteristics of geological reservoir problems, including nonlinearity, complexity and uncertainty, a novel model called geospatial case‐based reasoning for oil–gas reservoir evaluation was proposed in this article. The key components of the new model, including: (1) the joint representation of spatial relationship and attribute features; (2) the model of spatial relationship and attribute similarity joint reasoning; and (3) the methods of establishing weights for the spatial relationship and attribute features, are completely constructed. A case study of the proposed model for gas reservoir evaluation was carried out. Compared with the backpropagation artificial neural network (BP‐ANN) and the geological empirical evaluation (GEE) methods, the model presented in this article performs 6.38% and 46.81% better than BP‐ANN and GEE, respectively. Furthermore, its execution is simpler, more convenient, and importantly, its utilization hardly requires any professional knowledge of the field.  相似文献   

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