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Shallow frontal deformation related to active continental subduction: structure and recent stresses in the westernmost Betic Cordillera 
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下载免费PDF全文 Lourdes González‐Castillo Jesús Galindo‐Zaldívar Antonio Pedrera Francisco José Martínez‐Moreno Patricia Ruano 《地学学报》2015,27(2):114-121
The westernmost Betic Cordillera front is located along the arcuate alpine belt formed by the interaction of the Eurasian‐African plate boundary and the Alboran continental domain in between. Although classical geological data suggest that the western Cordillera front is inactive, recent GPS data show a westward–north‐westward motion of up to 3.4 mm a?1 with respect to the foreland. In addition, the increasing thickness of Guadalquivir sedimentary infill towards the Cordillera, and the rectilinear character of the front formed by soft sediments, suggest that the Cordillera is still active. Large ENE–WSW‐oriented open folds detected in the field, seismic reflection profiles and new audiomagnetotellurics data are consistent with active deformation. Fracture analysis in Quaternary deposits evidences recent NW–SE horizontal compression. The GPS motion and maximum stress orientation may be due to north‐westward tectonic collision of the westernmost Betic Cordillera, accommodated at depth by active continental subduction of the Iberian lithosphere. 相似文献
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Jan H. Behrmann 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(2):63-73
AbstractThe western margin of the Tauera Window (Eastern Alps) is defined by a low angle westward dipping fault zone of potently We disp lacement. Ductile deformation of the fault rocks results in a carpet of mylonites up to 400 metres thick. Evidence from shear criteria and the excision of part of the Cretaceous-Tertiary metamorphic edifice both indicate normal displacements, and relative movement of Austroalpine nappe complex towards the west. The Sterzing-Steinach mylonite zone overprints the Alpine nappe edifice. Movements occurred on the cooling path of the Tauern metamorphism, and may be as recent as Middle Miocene.The Kinematics and geometry of the mylonite zone constrain two likely t ectonic explanations that are both compatible with secondary thining of a thick orogenic wedge. (1) Ute the Austroalpine nappe pile due to tectonic unroofing of the Tauern window. (2) Continental escape by east-west stretching of the Alpine orogenic wedge in response to continental collision. 相似文献
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当前活动断层研究主要关注单条断层本身,如果将研究尺度拓展到活动地块,则可以整体上更好地理解各断层活动的关联性。利用层状地貌面累积的构造变形来反演活动地块构造运动是一种行之有效的方法。近两年,国产高分卫星产出了海量、高分辨率的影像资料,与此同时GIS 平台与技术也得到了快速的发展,这些都为利用华北山地夷平面反演京西北盆岭构造区内断陷地块的构造运动提供了契机。本文基于国产GF2卫星1 m 全色与4 m 多光谱影像、1∶50 000 数字线划地图,借助ArcGIS 平台,解译出蔚广盆地南缘断裂带上升盘地块
中发育有典型的甸子梁面、唐县面两期夷平面,提取出了能够反映它们构造变形的定量参数,对其构造变形规律进行的分析表明：北东向断裂（F）贯通了蔚广盆地及其西南方的灵丘盆地,相应地将前者的上升盘地块划分为东西两个次级地块,并使得前者的主边界断裂在此
发生应变分解,并将部分应变传递给了灵丘断陷盆地系统。蔚广盆地及其周缘邻区的断陷盆地统一地受到南东-北西向区域引张应力场的作用,相应地形成了以北东向为主的断层形迹。岩性的差异造成了断层F两侧两种不同的断块运动方式,F西侧在太古代变质基底内发生断陷,使得断块整体掀斜,而在F 东侧,燕山期侵入花岗岩体阻碍了断块的整体掀斜,断块通过调整其运动方式,使得掀斜程度从边缘向内部逐渐降低,F 作为调节断层,衔接了其两侧两种不同变形方式。 相似文献
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张广才岭造山过程的重构及其大地构造意义 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
前人的研究确认了"黑龙江群"是一套包括蓝片岩在内的构造混杂岩,同时发现张广才岭的下地壳内存在有俯冲的洋壳板片。本文拟通过对张广才岭的地层-建造、岩浆作用以及变形-变质作用的研究,反演与俯冲事件相关的造山过程。从东到西横穿造山带的地质调查揭示:沉积岩相与厚度、火山岩的组合和花岗岩系列、变质程度及变形强度的时空分布明显地受到俯冲-碰撞造山作用的控制。造山带可以分成4个构造岩相带,显示了构造混杂岩带的水平增生作用和陆缘弧岩浆带的垂向增生作用。通过年代学的初步研究,表明本区与俯冲作用有关的弧岩浆作用发生在晚三叠世末-早侏罗世初,而高压蓝片岩及中-高压的硬绿泥石石榴石片岩的变质作用与挤压剪切变形发生在早、中侏罗世,后者与此时佳木斯地块持续向北西的挤压作用有关。通过区域构造的对比研究,显示张广才岭和北美西部中生代时期造山作用有某些共同特征。 相似文献
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冀中坳陷中区中生代中晚期大型拆离滑覆构造的确定 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
晚侏罗世至早白垩世 ,太行地区受区域热构造事件的影响 ,燕山期的岩浆活动达到高潮 ,并由此引发了阜平、赞皇变质核杂岩的强烈拱升及浅层的侧向伸展拆离作用 ,在阜平变质核杂岩东侧的冀中坳陷中区形成了西部伸展而东部挤压的有机相连、有序发展的拆离滑覆构造体系 ,波及宽度达 1 5 0km。其后缘伸展区表现为变质核杂岩内的韧性剪切带、盖层内的拆离伸展断层及伴随的断陷盆地 ;而前缘挤压区形成叠瓦状逆冲推覆构造体系 ;介于二者之间的中部过渡带构造变形相对较弱 相似文献
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经资料搜集与野外调研,对云南三江造山带西部重要断裂的位置、特征及南北连接,形成了一些新的认识.即：①怒江断裂在滇西北为高黎贡山变质基底杂岩与丙中洛地块、滇西南为潞西断块与保山地块的边界断裂,属三级构造单元的边界断裂;②班公错-东巧断裂进入云南后,北段、中段与位于高黎贡山主峰的向东倾斜的高黎贡山逆冲推覆断裂相连接,南段称为龙陵-瑞丽断裂;③高黎贡山断裂、龙陵-瑞丽断裂为腾冲造山带与三江造山带的边界断裂,属一级构造单元的边界断裂;④昌宁-孟连结合带东西两侧的双江-竹塘断裂、沧源断裂北延至滇西北后,分别与位于碧罗雪山西坡的福贡断裂、捧当断裂相连接;⑤迪麻洛-昌宁-孟连结合带为二级构造单元,东西两侧的二级构造单元分别为崇山-临沧地块、丙中洛-保山陆块.云南三江造山带西部划分为2个二级构造单元、7个三级构造单元. 相似文献
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New seismicity and focal-mechanism data from the area of the Azores Islands, in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, to the Alboran Sea and the southern part of Spain are presented.As a consequence of the different characters in the focal-mechanism solutions and b-values associated, the area has been divided in four different parts, namely, Mid-Atlantic and Terceira Ridge, Azores—Gibraltar fault, Gulf of Cadiz, Alboran Sea and Betica. The last two form the interaction between the Eurasian and African continental plates.The fracture zone is the locus of very large earthquakes with mechanisms showing a predominant right-lateral horizontal motion. Seismic foci in the continental interaction zone are spread over the whole region with mechanisms changing in character from west to east. It is suggested that this may be consequence of the behaviour of the Spanish Peninsula as a partly independent subplate. In the eastern part of the studied zone, the so-called Alboran plate may be considered as a buffer plate. 相似文献
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冀东太古宙高级区主要由两个构造单元组成，以三屯营－洒河－金厂峪一线为界，北西侧为线性构造区，南东侧为卵形构造区。卵形构造是由紫苏花岗岩固态气球膨胀侵位形成的，之后又受到深部构造相韧性变形带的叠加，使卵形构造由东到西受改造的程度逐渐增大。线性构造则是中部构造相韧性变形带对深部构造相和卵形构造叠加的结果。尽管冀东地区南东、北西分异早于３５６３Ｍａ，但卵形构造区和线性构造区出现相对较晚（２５００Ｍａ）。 相似文献
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经资料搜集与野外调研,对云南三江造山带西部重要断裂的位置、特征及南北连接,形成了一些新的认识.即：①怒江断裂在滇西北为高黎贡山变质基底杂岩与丙中洛地块、滇西南为潞西断块与保山地块的边界断裂,属三级构造单元的边界断裂;②班公错-东巧断裂进入云南后,北段、中段与位于高黎贡山主峰的向东倾斜的高黎贡山逆冲推覆断裂相连接,南段称为龙陵-瑞丽断裂;③高黎贡山断裂、龙陵-瑞丽断裂为腾冲造山带与三江造山带的边界断裂,属一级构造单元的边界断裂;④昌宁-孟连结合带东西两侧的双江-竹塘断裂、沧源断裂北延至滇西北后,分别与位于碧罗雪山西坡的福贡断裂、捧当断裂相连接;⑤迪麻洛-昌宁-孟连结合带为二级构造单元,东西两侧的二级构造单元分别为崇山-临沧地块、丙中洛-保山陆块.云南三江造山带西部划分为2个二级构造单元、7个三级构造单元. 相似文献
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The crustal architecture of the Southern Urals is dominated by an orogenic wedge thrusted westward upon the subducted East European continental margin. The N–S trending wedge constitutes an antiformal stack composed mainly of the high-P Maksyutov Complex, the overlying Suvanyak Complex and the allochthonous synformal Zilair flysch further west. These tectono-metamorphic units are separated by tectonic contacts and record discontinously decreasing metamorphic conditions from bottom to top. In the east, the E-dipping Main Uralian Normal Fault cross-cuts the metamorphic footwall and juxtaposes the non metamorphic Magnitogorsk island arc. This syncollisional normal fault compensated crustal thickening and exhumation of the high-P rocks. Orogenic shortening was accommodated by the Main Uralian Thrust, a W-vergent crustal-scale shear zone at the base of the wedge. Geological investigations and reflection seismics (URSEIS '95) argue in favour of a geodynamic evolution integrating subduction and basal accretion of high-P rocks during sinistral oblique thrusting along the Main Uralian Thrust and coeval normal-faulting along the Main Uralian Normal Fault. 相似文献
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In the late Precambrian Avalon composite terrane of the Canadian Appalachians, the local juxtaposition of Avalonian successions against gneiss complex–platformal metasedimentary rock associations of uncertain relationship to the Avalonian overstep sequence has raised important questions about the configuration of the composite terrane. Typical of this relationship is the juxtapostion of Avalonian arc-related packages (Caledonia assemblage) with the migmatitic Brookville Gneiss and metacarbonate–quartzite Green Head Group (Brookville assemblage) along the Caledonia Fault in southern New Brunswick. Polyphase deformation of the predominantly greenschist facies Green Head Group accompanied development of a regional ductile shear zone that separates the group from the amphibolite facies Brookville Gneiss. Heterogeneous ductile flow in carbonate rocks and the development of a regional foliation was followed by NW-directed shortening and the local development of a penetrative axial planar fabric that intensifies towards the shear zone. Associated structural elements suggest regional dextral transpression, consistent with the metamorphic contrast across the shear zone. Steeply plunging east–west folds may record younger, sinistral movement on associated NE–SW faults. Deformation coincident with metamorphic culmination in the Brookville Gneiss produced a gneissic foliation that was later deformed to produce widespread minor folds of sheath-like geometry. These folds are best developed proximal to the shear zone where they locally document dextral shear, and probably include several generations that overlap early phases of deformation of the Green Head Group. Kinematic indicators within the gneiss are predominantly dextral. 36Ar/40Ar versus 39Ar/40Ar isotope-correlation ages recorded by metamorphic hornblende suggest that regional cooling of the Brookville Gneiss through ca. 500°C occurred at ca. 540 Ma, providing a minimum age for initial deformation and concomitant metamorphic culmination in the gneiss. 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages for metamorphic muscovite suggest cooling through ca. 375°C at ca. 500–520 Ma, providing a minimum age for progressive deformation in both lithotectonic sequences. Low temperature age discordance in the muscovite spectra suggest partial rejuvenation in the mid- and late Palaeozoic. Protracted Cambrian tectonothermal activity in the Brookville assemblage contrasts with the Avalonian tectonostratigraphic record of the Caledonia assemblage in which late Precambrian arc-related packages are overstepped by Cambrian–Ordovician shallow marine strata. Significant Cambrian separation between the two assemblages is therefore suggested, despite Precambrian similarities in their tectonothermal evolution. Separation as a consequence of terrane dispersal is suggested, and may imply a significant rearrangement of the Avalon composite terrane at this time. Final juxtaposition of the two assemblages pre-dates their shared late Palaeozoic rejuvenation, and may correspond to an earlier, mid-Palaeozoic thermal overprint correlated with tectonothermal activity accompanying accretion of the Avalon and outboard Meguma terranes to more inboard tectonic elements of the northern Appalachians. 相似文献
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仲巴裂谷位于藏南裂谷系的西侧,其断层发育、断错地貌清晰. 但目前,该断裂活动性研究尚属空白,制约了对整个藏南裂谷系变形机制的探索.基于GIS空间分析技术,利用数字高程模型数据系统提取该区的河流地貌参数,包括地形坡度、地形起伏度、河流陡峭指数和裂点等. 对该裂谷两侧36个流域盆地的地形参数结果进行统计和分析后发现:地形坡度与ksn之间具有一致性,仲巴裂谷西侧北、中段坡度陡峭,ksn值较高,南段支流中间部分陡峭,两端较缓,对应ksn值中间高两端低;东侧坡度和ksn分布呈现中段陡峭,两端变缓的特征. 河流纵剖面上表现出裂点上下陡峭系数的差异,东西两侧河流均在出水口处河段有最高河道陡峭系数,向上游段减小,总体上西侧河道陡峭系数大于东侧. 综合地形坡度、河流纵剖面及裂点分析结果,认为仲巴裂谷西侧断裂的构造活动性可能强于东侧. 相似文献
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Detailed isopach maps of the stratigraphic cycles of the Keuper of the Paris basin are used to reconstruct the 3D evolution of the basin cycle by cycle and to investigate the influence of tectonic movements. The major base-level cycles record variations in the rate of subsidence in time and space. The area of greatest subsidence, which was confined to the east of the basin during the Scythian–Carnian cycle, shifted northwestwards during the Carnian–Liassic cycle. Within the “Marnes irisées inférieures”, the E–W faults abruptly limited the extent of salt deposits to the north and south by forming a “corridor” where subsidence was greater. The westward shift of areas of subsidence induced by the migration of fault activity enhanced the migration of salt series which was bounded by the Saint-Martin-de-Bossenay fault. The cessation of fault activity in the eastern part of the basin marked the end of halite sedimentation. From the “Grès à roseaux” formation, a general northwestward tilt of the basin with corresponding depocentre migration induced a truncation within the “Marnes irisées supérieures”. The depocentres were located in the west which was the site of most fault activity which influenced the fluvial deposits by creating tilted blocks where sediment could accumulate. 相似文献
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Teresa Bardaji José-Luis Goy Nils-Axel Mörner Cari Zazo Pablo-G. Silva Luis Somoza 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(2):112-126
AbstractThe evolution of Neogene and Quaternary littoral basins in the Eastern Betic Cordillera is largely related to tectonic activity along the Eastern Betic sinistral shear zone.Detailed mapping of sedimentary units in these basins, together with sedimentological and paleomagnetic analysis lead to the proposal of a new chronostratigraphie framework for Pliocene and Quaternary deposits.This chronostratigraphie setting rejects the synchronous character of the “Pliocene Unite” previously referred to as: “P.I” (grey-blue marls), “P.H” (yellow calcarenites), and “Р.Ш” (variegated silts and clays). Instead, tectonics would have controlled the paleogeographic evolution of the Eastern Betic realms, causing the lithofacies to occur repeated in space and time. The Plio-Pleistocene boundary in these basins is not accompanied by changes in geodynamic behaviour or climatic conditions. According to the paleomagnetic data, these changes occurred at different times during the Pleistocene in the different studied basins. 相似文献
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Structure,Timing, and Mechanism of the Pliocene and Late Miocene Uplift Process of the Ailao Shan-Diancang Shan,SE Tibet,China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The uplift of the Ailao Shan-Diancang Shan(ASDS) along the Ailao Shan-Red River(ASRR) shear zone is an important geological event in the southeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau tectonic domain in the Late Cenozoic,and it preserves important information on the structures,exhumational history and tectonic evolution of the ASRR shear zone.The uplift structural mode and uplift timing of the ASDS is currently an important scientific topic for understanding the ASDS formation and late stage movements and evolution of the ASRR shear zone.The formation of the ASDS has been widely considered to be the consequence of the strike-slip movements of the ASRR shear zone.However,the shaping of geomorphic units is generally direct results of the latest tectonic activities.In this study,we investigated the timing and uplift structural mechanism of the ASDS and provided the following lines of supportive evidence.Firstly,the primary tectonic foliation of the ASDS shows significant characteristic variations,with steeply dipping tectonic foliation developed on the east side of the ASDS and the relatively horizontal foliation on the west side.Secondly,from northeast to southwest direction,the deformation and metamorphism gradually weakened and this zone can be further divided into three different metamorphic degree belts.Thirdly,the contact relationship between the ASDS and the Chuxiong basin-Erhai lake is a normal fault contact which can be found on the east side of the ASDS.40Ar/39 Argeochronology suggests that the Diancang Shan had experienced a fast cooling event during 3–4 Ma.The apatite fission track testing method gives the age of 6.6–10.7 Ma in the Diancang Shan and 4.6–8.4 Ma in the Ailao Shan,respectively.Therefore the uplift of the ASDS can be explained by tilted block mode in which the east side was uplifted much higher than the west side,and it is not main reason of the shearing movements of the ASRR shear zone.The most recent uplift stages of the ASDS happened in the Pliocene(3–4 Ma) and Late Miocene(6–10 Ma). 相似文献
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黔东南及邻区加里东运动的表现及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
加里东运动对黔东南地区的沉积格局、岩浆活动、变形变质影响明显,形成了上古生界与下伏地层之间的不整合接触关系。广西罗城-龙胜、湖南通道地区是加里东运动的构造高位区,向西至黔东地区在平面上出现有规律的变化,表现为下伏地层分别为震旦系、寒武系、奥陶系和志留系;加里东运动之后泥盆纪早期的沉积反映出在构造高位区缺失沉积物,为剥蚀区,而在构造高位区的东、西两侧出现了泥盆纪早期的沉积,为坳陷区;接触界面的特征表现为从高角度不整合、低角度不整合至平行不整合;变形变质程度逐渐减弱,下古生界的变质程度从明显至不明显,从紧闭型阿尔卑斯式褶皱至开阔型阿尔卑斯式褶皱。同样,从广西罗城—龙胜向东也具有相同的变化趋势。反映该地区加里东运动的中心位置为广西罗城—龙胜、湖南通道一线,是该地区加里东期造山带的中心,在区域上可能向北东方向沿桃江、景德镇一线延伸,是南华裂谷海槽萎缩、消亡的具体体现。 相似文献
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François Negro Romain Bousquet Flurin Vils Clara-Marine Pellet Jeanette Hänggi-Schaub 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2013,106(1):63-78
In the Western Alps, the Piemont-Ligurian oceanic domain records blueschist to eclogite metamorphic conditions during the Alpine orogeny. This domain is classically divided into two “zones” (Combin and Zermatt-Saas), with contrasting metamorphic evolution, and separated tectonically by the Combin fault. This study presents new metamorphic and temperature (RSCM thermometry) data obtained in Piemont-Ligurian metasediments and proposes a reevaluation of the P–T evolution of this domain. In the upper unit (or “Combin zone”) temperatures are in the range of 420–530 °C, with an increase of temperature from upper to lower structural levels. Petrological evidences show that these temperatures are related to the retrograde path and to deformation at greenschist metamorphic conditions. This highlights heating during exhumation of HP metamorphic rocks. In the lower unit (or “Zermatt-Saas zone”), temperatures are very homogeneous in the range of 500–540 °C. This shows almost continuous downward temperature increase in the Piemont-Ligurian domain. The observed thermal structure is interpreted as the result of the upper and lower unit juxtaposition along shear zones at a temperature of ~500 °C during the Middle Eocene. This juxtaposition probably occurred at shallow crustal levels (~15–20 km) within a subduction channel. We finally propose that the Piemont-Ligurian Domain should not be viewed as two distinct “zones”, but rather as a stack of several tectonic slices. 相似文献
20.
V. J. Morand 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):339-353
The Wyangala Batholith, in the Lachlan Fold Belt of New South Wales, is pre‐tectonic with respect to the deformation that caused the foliation in the granite, and was emplaced during a major thermal event, perhaps associated with dextral shearing, during the Late Silurian to Early Devonian Bowning Orogeny. This followed the first episode of folding in the enclosing Ordovician country rocks. Intrusion was facilitated by upward displacement of fault blocks, with local stoping. Weak magmatic flow fabrics are present. After crystallization of the granite, a swarm of mafic dykes intruded both the granite and country rock, possibly being derived from the same tectonic regime responsible for emplacement of the Wyangala Batholith. A contact aureole surrounding the granite contains cordierite‐biotite and cordierite‐andalusite assemblages. Slaty cleavage produced in the first deformation was largely obliterated by recrystallization in the contact aureole. Postdating granite emplacement and basic dyke intrusion, a second regional deformation was accompanied by regional metamorphism ranging from lower greenschist to albite‐epidote‐amphibolite facies, and produced tectonic foliations, termed S and C, in the granite, and a foliation, S2, in the country rocks. Contact metamorphic rocks underwent retrogressive regional metamorphism at this time. S formed under east‐west shortening and vertical extension, concurrently with S2. C surfaces probably formed concurrently with S and indicate reverse fault motion on west‐dipping ductile shear surfaces. The second deformation may be related to Devonian or Early Carboniferous movement on the Copperhannia Thrust east of the Wyangala Batholith. 相似文献