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Chuanrong Zhang Tian Zhao E. Lynn Usery Dalia Varanka Weidong Li 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(2):508-525
Disaster response operations require fast and coordinated actions based on real‐time disaster situation information. Although crowdsourced geospatial data applications have been demonstrated to be valuable tools for gathering real‐time disaster situation information, they only provide limited utility for disaster response coordination because of the lack of semantic compatibility and interoperability. To help overcome the semantic incompatibility and heterogeneity problems, we use Geospatial Semantic Web (GSW) technologies. We then combine GSW technologies with Web Feature Service requests to access multiple servers. However, a GSW‐based geographic information system often has poor performance due to the complex geometric computations required. The objective of this research is to explore how to use optimization techniques to improve the performance of an interoperable geographic situation‐awareness system (IGSAS) based on GSW technologies for disaster response. We conducted experiments to evaluate various client‐side optimization techniques for improving the performance of an IGSAS prototype for flood disaster response in New Haven, Connecticut. Our experimental results show that the developed prototype can greatly reduce the runtime costs of geospatial semantic queries through on‐the‐fly spatial indexing, tile‐based rendering, efficient algorithms for spatial join, and caching, especially for those spatial‐join geospatial queries that involve a large number of spatial features and heavy geometric computation. 相似文献
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互联网与大数据技术的高速发展为地理信息服务的互联共享与广泛应用提供了技术基础。面对资源海量、多源异构的地理信息服务,如何实现服务的有效组织并提供合理高效的服务组合,拓展地理信息服务的应用范围,满足更高层次的应用需求受到研究者的广泛关注。构建地理信息服务网络并通过语义实现服务协同,是一种可能的解决方案。本文分析了当前地理信息服务和地理信息服务网络研究的现状,依据服务网络领域的研究成果,从服务网络的表达和优化、服务协同的构建和优化两个方面探讨了基于网络构建的地理信息服务协同方法的发展潜力,进而提出了地理信息服务网络及协同面临的挑战与研究方向。 相似文献
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将网格技术应用于地理信息领域,构建实现地理信息资源共享与协同工作的网格地理信息系统,是目前地理信息行业研究的热点之一。OGC制定的网络服务规范作为得到广泛支持的地理空间数据互操作规范。与网格技术的相关规范存在许多不兼容之处,使得OGC服务在网格体系下难于集成和管理。文章研究了OGC数据服务WMS,WFS和wCS的相关规范和OGSA—DAI网格中间件技术,提出将OGC数据服务扩展为OGSA—DAI的数据资源的方案,将WMS,WFS和WCS封装为符合WSRF的网格资源,实现分布式异构地理空间数据在OGSA—DAI框架下的访问、集成与管理。此方案提供了一种将OGC服务集成到网格环境中的方法,比较容易实现,对相关研发工作的开展具有很好的借鉴作用。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(10):811-828
The open service network for marine environmental data (NETMAR) project uses semantic web technologies in its pilot system which aims to allow users to search, download and integrate satellite, in situ and model data from open ocean and coastal areas. The semantic web is an extension of the fundamental ideas of the World Wide Web, building a web of data through annotation of metadata and data with hyperlinked resources. Within the framework of the NETMAR project, an interconnected semantic web resource was developed to aid in data and web service discovery and to validate Open Geospatial Consortium Web Processing Service orchestration. A second semantic resource was developed to support interoperability of coastal web atlases across jurisdictional boundaries. This paper outlines the approach taken to producing the resource registry used within the NETMAR project and demonstrates the use of these semantic resources to support user interactions with systems. Such interconnected semantic resources allow the increased ability to share and disseminate data through the facilitation of interoperability between data providers. The formal representation of geospatial knowledge to advance geospatial interoperability is a growing research area. Tools and methods such as those outlined in this paper have the potential to support these efforts. 相似文献
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Chuanrong Zhang Tian Zhao Weidong Li 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
Although the fast development of OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) WFS (Web Feature Service) technologies has undoubtedly improved the sharing and synchronization of feature-level geospatial information across diverse resources, literature shows that there are still apparent limitations in the current implementation of OGC WFSs. Currently, the implementation of OGC WFSs only emphasizes syntactic data interoperability via standard interfaces and cannot resolve semantic heterogeneity problems in geospatial data sharing. To help emergency responders and disaster managers find new ways of efficiently searching for needed geospatial information at the feature level, this paper aims to propose a framework for automatic search of geospatial features using Geospatial Semantic Web technologies and natural language interfaces. We focus on two major tasks: (1) intelligent geospatial feature retrieval using Geospatial Semantic Web technologies; (2) a natural language interface to a geospatial knowledge base and web feature services over the Semantic Web. Based on the proposed framework we implemented a prototype. Results show that it is practical to directly discover desirable geospatial features from multiple semantically heterogeneous sources using Geospatial Semantic Web technologies and natural language interfaces. 相似文献
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Alain Tamayo Joaquín Huerta Carlos Granell Laura Díaz Ricardo Quirós 《Transactions in GIS》2009,13(S1):47-61
A key problem with sensor networks is achieving interoperability between different networks potentially built using different software and hardware platforms. Services interfaced by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) specifications allow GIS clients to access geospatial data without knowing the details about how these data are gathered or stored. Currently, OGC is working on a set of interoperable interfaces and metadata encodings known as Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) that enables the integration of heterogeneous sensor systems and measurements into geospatial information infrastructures. In this article we present the implementation of gvSOS, a new module for gvSIG to connect to Sensor Observation Services (SOS). The gvSOS client module allows gvSIG users to interact with SOS servers, displaying the information gathered by sensors as a layer composed by features. We present the software engineering development process followed to build the module. For each step of the process we specify the main obstacles found during the development such as restrictions of the gvSIG architecture, inaccuracies in the OGC specifications, and a set of common problems found in current SOS server implementations available on the Internet. For most of the problems found we propose a solution, or at least we present a path that might lead to it. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(2):111-134
Abstract While significant progress has been made to implement the Digital Earth vision, current implementation only makes it easy to integrate and share spatial data from distributed sources and has limited capabilities to integrate data and models for simulating social and physical processes. To achieve effectiveness of decision-making using Digital Earth for understanding the Earth and its systems, new infrastructures that provide capabilities of computational simulation are needed. This paper proposed a framework of geospatial semantic web-based interoperable spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) to expand capabilities of the currently implemented infrastructure of Digital Earth. Main technologies applied in the framework such as heterogeneous ontology integration, ontology-based catalog service, and web service composition were introduced. We proposed a partition-refinement algorithm for ontology matching and integration, and an algorithm for web service discovery and composition. The proposed interoperable SDSS enables decision-makers to reuse and integrate geospatial data and geoprocessing resources from heterogeneous sources across the Internet. Based on the proposed framework, a prototype to assist in protective boundary delimitation for Lunan Stone Forest conservation was implemented to demonstrate how ontology-based web services and the services-oriented architecture can contribute to the development of interoperable SDSSs in support of Digital Earth for decision-making. 相似文献
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基础地理数据具有空间载体和知识存量两大作用。以往人们主要关注其空间载体作用,研发和提供了丰富多样的基础地理数据服务与信息服务,但对其知识存量挖掘不够,提供的地理空间知识服务极少。近年来,“数据海量,信息爆炸,知识难求”现象愈加突出,从地理数据信息服务走向知识服务势在必行,已成为测绘科技转型升级的一项重要任务。借鉴知识图谱的最新研究进展,讨论了基础地理数据、信息和知识的基本内涵,提出了以结构化和关联化为重要特征的基础地理知识服务总体思路,分析了由此带来的4方面问题;继而从领域知识体系构建、关键技术、应用服务3个方面讨论了基础地理知识服务的研究方向与重点;以GlobeLand30知识服务为例,介绍了初步研究进展。 相似文献
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Hu Shao 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2019,12(3):250-269
For geospatial cyberinfrastructure-enabled web services, the ability of rapidly transmitting and sharing spatial data over the Internet plays a critical role to meet the demands of real-time change detection, response and decision-making. Especially for vector datasets which serve as irreplaceable and concrete material in data-driven geospatial applications, their rich geometry and property information facilitates the development of interactive, efficient and intelligent data analysis and visualization applications. However, the big-data issues of vector datasets have hindered their wide adoption in web services. In this research, we propose a comprehensive optimization strategy to enhance the performance of vector data transmitting and processing. This strategy combines: (1) pre- and on-the-fly generalization, which automatically determines proper simplification level through the introduction of appropriate distance tolerance speed up simplification efficiency; (2) a progressive attribute transmission method to reduce data size and, therefore, the service response time; (3) compressed data transmission and dynamic adoption of a compression method to maximize the service efficiency under different computing and network environments. A cyberinfrastructure web portal was developed for implementing the proposed technologies. After applying our optimization strategies, substantial performance enhancement is achieved. We expect this work to facilitate real-time spatial feature sharing, visual analytics and decision-making. 相似文献
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提出了一种基于MDA的空间信息服务组合建模方法。该方法使用UML设计空间信息服务组合元模型,利用MDA模型转换机制生成空间信息服务链设计器,利用设计器构建空间信息服务组合模型。该建模方法能很好地描述数据流和控制流,通过引入空间信息服务本体库,实现服务资源动态组合建模。 相似文献
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Big geospatial data is an emerging sub‐area of geographic information science, big data, and cyberinfrastructure. Big geospatial data poses two unique challenges. First, raster and vector data structures and analyses have developed on largely separate paths for the last 20 years. This is creating an impediment to geospatial researchers seeking to utilize big data platforms that do not promote heterogeneous data types. Second, big spatial data repositories have yet to be integrated with big data computation platforms in ways that allow researchers to spatio‐temporally analyze big geospatial datasets. IPUMS‐Terra, a National Science Foundation cyberInfrastructure project, addresses these challenges by providing a unified framework of integrated geospatial services which access, analyze, and transform big heterogeneous spatio‐temporal data. As IPUMS‐Terra's data volume grows, we seek to integrate geospatial platforms that will scale geospatial analyses and address current bottlenecks within our system. However, our work shows that there are still unresolved challenges for big geospatial analysis. The most pertinent is that there is a lack of a unified framework for conducting scalable integrated vector and raster data analysis. We conducted a comparative analysis between PostgreSQL with PostGIS and SciDB and concluded that SciDB is the superior platform for scalable raster zonal analyses. 相似文献
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应用描述词汇约简的OGC地理信息服务演绎推理 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对OGC地理信息服务在地理空间知识的有效组织和表达方面的能力比较弱,缺乏对服务信息的描述,数据丰富而知识缺乏,致使已有的数据在知识的表示和检索上存在缺陷,通过引入地理本体,按照基础地理信息要素分类,对地理信息服务的关键描述词汇进行提取,构建了地理信息服务本体库和实例数据库,应用粗糙集理论建立关键描述词汇约简模型,基于该模型实现了对地理信息服务实例数据库进行知识约简,形成最优实例数据库。最后应用地理信息服务本体库和实例数据库,基于演绎推理模型开发实例原型系统,实现了对地理信息服务对象的语义检索和推理,并通过试验从查全率和查准率两个指标验证了该方法的可行性、有效性和准确性。 相似文献
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A Rule-Based Strategy for the Semantic Annotation of Geodata 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Eva Klien 《Transactions in GIS》2007,11(3):437-452
The ability to represent geospatial semantics is of great importance when building geospatial applications for the Web. This ability will enhance discovery, retrieval and translation of geographic information as well as the reuse of geographic information in different contexts. The problem of generating semantic annotations has been recognized as one of the most serious obstacles for realizing the Geospatial Semantic Web vision. We present a rule‐based strategy for the semantic annotation of geodata that combines Semantic Web and Geospatial Web Services technology. In our approach, rules are employed to partially automate the annotation process. Rules define conditions for identifying geospatial concepts. Based on these rules, spatial analysis procedures are implemented that allow for inferring whether or not a feature in a dataset represents an instance of a geospatial concept. This automated evaluation of features in the dataset generates valuable information for the creation and refinement of semantic annotations on the concept level. The approach is illustrated by a case study on annotating data sources containing representations of lowlands. The presented strategy lays the foundations for the specification of a semantic annotation tool for geospatial web services that supports data providers in annotating their sources according to multiple domain views. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(9):995-1012
ABSTRACTEarth observation (EO) data, such as high-resolution satellite imagery or LiDAR, has become one primary source for forests Aboveground Biomass (AGB) mapping and estimation. However, managing and analyzing the large amount of globally or locally available EO data remains a great challenge. The Google Earth Engine (GEE), which leverages cloud-computing services to provide powerful capabilities on the management and rapid analysis of various types of EO data, has appeared as an inestimable tool to address this challenge. In this paper, we present a scalable cyberinfrastructure for on-the-fly AGB estimation, statistics, and visualization over a large spatial extent. This cyberinfrastructure integrates state-of-the-art cloud computing applications, including GEE, Fusion Tables, and the Google Cloud Platform (GCP), to establish a scalable, highly extendable, and high-performance analysis environment. Two experiments were designed to demonstrate its superiority in performance over the traditional desktop environment and its scalability in processing complex workflows. In addition, a web portal was developed to integrate the cyberinfrastructure with some visualization tools (e.g. Google Maps, Highcharts) to provide a Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) and online visualization for both general public and geospatial researchers. 相似文献
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专题地图作为地理空间信息的重要载体之一,网络专题地图服务是地理空间信息共享的重要途径。传统的WebGIS制图方法受局限,服务器负载高,网络传输数据量大,客户端资源闲置。为此本文研究了一种通过扩展开放地图API的网络专题制图方法,服务器负责数据处理,客户端进行地图设计与绘制,并设计实现了此方案。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(3):259-278
Abstract This paper introduces a new concept, distributed geospatial information processing (DGIP), which refers to the process of geospatial information residing on computers geographically dispersed and connected through computer networks, and the contribution of DGIP to Digital Earth (DE). The DGIP plays a critical role in integrating the widely distributed geospatial resources to support the DE envisioned to utilise a wide variety of information. This paper addresses this role from three different aspects: 1) sharing Earth data, information, and services through geospatial interoperability supported by standardisation of contents and interfaces; 2) sharing computing and software resources through a GeoCyberinfrastructure supported by DGIP middleware; and 3) sharing knowledge within and across domains through ontology and semantic searches. Observing the long-term process for the research and development of an operational DE, we discuss and expect some practical contributions of the DGIP to the DE. 相似文献
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基于开放互操作标准的分布式地理空间模型共享研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
传统的单机环境和封闭式网络环境由于有限的资源利用能力, 难以充分支持分散地学数据、模型等资源的共享与应用集成。基于网络环境的信息交换特点, 提出了分布式地理空间模型共享的服务体系。该体系以数据、模型、元数据等互操作要素为核心, 通过网络将数据、模型等网络节点进行开放式耦合。针对地理空间模型服务的互操作问题, 提出了分布式环境下的模型共享服务交互接口, 该接口定义了模型服务元数据、模型服务的交互操作、模型服务的通讯方式等交互规则, 尽可能地降低模型服务与模型终端之间在数据交换、功能调用等方面的互操作困难。为了降低将模型共享为模型服务的实现难度, 设计和开发了地理空间模型共享平台, 并介绍了在该平台上发布地理空间模型的2种方法。最后介绍了研究成果在Prairie生态模型共享方面的应用实践。 相似文献