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1.
Minority ethnic populations in England and Wales have been increasing steadily as a share of the total population since the 1991 Census. In this paper, we are interested in how internal migration has changed as a possible consequence. Our analysis focuses on the movements between 12 area groups, as defined by the Office for National Statistics, and addresses the following three research questions: (1) how has internal migration in England and Wales evolved from 1991 to 2004; (2) what are the main differences in the movements between the White (majority) population and the ethnic minority population; and (3) how do migration patterns differ when ethnicity, education and employment statuses are considered together? The data come from the 1991 to 2004 National Health Service Central Registers, the 1999–2004 patient registers and the 2001 Census. We find strong stability in the migration patterns of the total population over time. However, large differences appear when the flows are disaggregated by ethnicity and further by education and employment. Education level is an important factor influencing the migration patterns for the White population, whereas employment status is a much more important factor for the ethnic minority population. 相似文献
2.
I. H. Burnley 《The Australian geographer》1988,19(2):268-283
The notions of ‘population turnaround’ and migration equilibrium are examined in an analysis of outmigration from metropolitan New South Wales to non‐metropolitan districts, with particular reference to the 1976–81 period but with inclusion of data from the 1986 Census of Population and Housing. While the outmigration from Sydney has been substantial, and in some respects resembles the ‘turnaround’ which was underway in other western countries, it has been spatially confined. While the outmigration from Sydney lessened during 1981–86, it still remained significant. Meanwhile, regional labour force migration and movement from other state capital cities was contributing more to the population inflow in southern, western and some northern areas of New South Wales. An analysis of economic correlates of outmigration and more recent sample survey data suggests that while economic factors have been significant in the outmigration, environmental and lifestyle factors have been influential, and that some of the traditional economic models of migration have not been validated. A conceptualisation of outmigration involving economic and environmental push and pull factors, and various forms of trade‐offs is proposed as a partial explanation of the phenomenon. 相似文献
3.
Nicholas Biddle 《The Australian geographer》2014,45(1):53-69
For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) Australians, the wellbeing of the community in which one lives and/or has an ongoing attachment to is an important aspect of individual health and wellbeing. In non-Indigenous policy discourse, the main way to summarise community-level wellbeing is through indices of socioeconomic outcomes that can be used to rank regions or areas within regions. While these have been produced for the Indigenous population, they only capture one particular aspect of community wellbeing. The analysis presented in this paper extends our knowledge of place-based community wellbeing by looking at the presence or absence of particular facilities, barriers to accessing services, and neighbourhood or community problems. Indigenous Australians in remote areas were less likely to report the presence of a number of facilities and more likely to report barriers to accessing government services. However, there were no consistent differences in the reporting of neighbourhood and community problems—some types of problems had a higher incidence in non-remote areas (e.g. theft and dangerous or noisy driving), whilst other problems were higher in remote areas (alcohol, illegal drugs and violence). Indices of these variables were also found to be associated with individual emotional wellbeing, providing prima facie evidence of the link between community and individual measures. 相似文献
4.
Li FL Findlay AM Jowett AJ Skeldon R 《International journal of population geography : IJPG》1996,2(1):51-67
"The research reported here evaluates whether students come to the UK mainly for educational reasons, and therefore perceive their stay as temporary, or whether emigration for study is being used as part of a conscious strategy by people intending to become future labour migrants.... The simplest interpretation of the results appears to be that migration, experienced as a result of international moves for study purposes, does not influence planning of further migration moves. But the research also indicates that migration for education is closely tied to other types of population redistribution and should be treated by population geographers as an integral part of international migration systems." Data were collected by questionnaire survey from 349 engineering students at Hong Kong universities and 82 Hong Kong students studying engineering in the UK. 相似文献
5.
Rates of geographical mobility vary greatly, and fairly predictably, across the life course. Our analysis of special county-to-county migration tabulations of Census 2000 data discloses that, when flows are disaggregated by age, radically different patterns of net population redistribution are taking place upward and downward within the national urban hierarchy. The movements at the late-career, empty-nester, and retirement stage are the most “demographically effective” or unidirectional. The elderly fleeing large metropolitan areas have been congregating in micropolitan and rural counties with special climatic and other natural amenities. The opposite net flow is found for younger adults, who have been flocking into megametropolitan conurbations. At the midcareer stage, the net movement is from larger to medium metropolitan areas. We detail the age articulation of county-to-county migration flows with novel graphical portrayals and statistical measures. We give some thoughts on the relationship between intergenerational dependency and migration trends, and we speculate about whether the current patterns of age-articulated movement up and down the urban hierarchy will continue as the baby boom retires and the echo cohorts come of age. 相似文献
6.
Kathi Wilson 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):133-134
This paper expands the human capital model to compare the migration propensities of Cubans, Mexicans, and Puerto Ricans within the U.S. between 1985 and 1990. Using the 5% PUMS from the 1990 U.S. Census, both aggregate migration streams and micro-level migration propensities are estimated for Cubans, Mexicans, and Puerto Ricans. The effects of personal factors, the economic environment, and the presence of fellow nationals are examined in the context of larger geographic patterns, and discussed in terms of each nationality's immigration history and cultural context. While many factors effect migration behavior similarly, there are notable differences in the way education, English fluency, and unemployment rate affect migration propensity of the native-born and foreign-born of each nationality. Differences are also apparent at the macro-level. Puerto Ricans show signs of dispersing out of New York; Mexicans are redistributing within the Southwest; and Cubans are re-concentrating in Florida. Both levels of analysis point to how immigration history, settlement patterns, and cultural context influence migration behavior. The results demonstrate the benefits of using an expanded human capital approach to explain migration differences, and highlight the diversity of population redistribution occurring within Hispanic nationalities. 相似文献
7.
This paper expands the human capital model to compare the migration propensities of Cubans, Mexicans, and Puerto Ricans within the U.S. between 1985 and 1990. Using the 5% PUMS from the 1990 U.S. Census, both aggregate migration streams and micro‐level migration propensities are estimated for Cubans, Mexicans, and Puerto Ricans. The effects of personal factors, the economic environment, and the presence of fellow nationals are examined in the context of larger geographic patterns, and discussed in terms of each nationality's immigration history and cultural context. While many factors effect migration behavior similarly, there are notable differences in the way education, English fluency, and unemployment rate affect migration propensity of the native‐born and foreign‐born of each nationality. Differences are also apparent at the macro‐level. Puerto Ricans show signs of dispersing out of New York; Mexicans are redistributing within the Southwest; and Cubans are re‐concentrating in Florida. Both levels of analysis point to how immigration history, settlement patterns, and cultural context influence migration behavior. The results demonstrate the benefits of using an expanded human capital approach to explain migration differences, and highlight the diversity of population redistribution occurring within Hispanic nationalities. 相似文献
8.
In New Zealand there are substantial variations across the urban system in the degree of residential segregation of those claiming Maori ethnicity. Analyses of those variations, using measures particularly relevant to comparative study, show that Maori segregation was greatest in both 1991 and 2001 in larger urban areas and, especially, in those with relatively large Maori populations. A major deviation from this general pattern was in Auckland; further analysis suggests that this was because of considerable sharing of residential space involving Maori and Pacific Islanders. If the total population claiming a Polynesian identity is studied, the relationships between segregation and both size and Polynesian population share are clarified. 相似文献
9.
I.H. Burnley 《The Australian geographer》1998,29(1):49-70
This paper examines the patterns of residential concentration and dispersion and the socio‐economic profiles of major immigrant groups from Asia in Sydney at the 1991 Census, taken soon after the largest immigrant boom in Sydney's urban history, which occurred between 1986 and 1988. It makes use of detailed birthplace, language and religion cross‐tabulations by area and socio‐economic indicators, as well as four‐digit occupational data from the Census. It then tests to what extent immigration flows from different parts of Asia have been linked to Sydney's emergence as a global city, and whether the disadvantage or advantage associated with the settlement of some communities is tied to restructuring, globalisation, language difficulties, residential concentration, or other factors. 相似文献
10.
Summary Eight variables from the 1991 Census 2% Sample of Anonymised Records are used to classify Greater London's population into ten socio-demographic groups. This provides the basis for examining differences between 'types of people' in the extent to which they changed address in the year before the Census and whether they moved into, out of or within London. 相似文献
11.
基于第三、四、五和六次人口普查资料,利用数学模型对1982~2010年广州市近30 a来的人口增长与空间分布规律深入探讨。得出以下结论：① 近30 a来广州市人口保持稳定增长,人口分布总体上趋于分散,人口变化趋于缓和,尤其是近10 a来广州中心城区人口密度缓慢降低,近郊区人口密度较快增长,远郊区人口密度逐步增加的特征更加明显;② 人口空间分布由“峰值单中心+外围小中心”结构演变为“扁平化多中心+外围小中心”;③ 广州市人口发展已进入成熟晚期阶段向老年阶段的过渡时期,但中心城区人口缺口尚未出现;④ 广州市人口郊区化始于20世纪90年代末,2000年以来郊区化明显加快,属于市中心发展型郊区化。 相似文献
12.
流动人口分布与区域经济发展关系若干解释(1990、2000) 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
本文对我国1990、2000年间流动人口在东、中、西部和东部地区中环渤海、长江三角洲、珠江三角洲及福建三个亚区的分布变化以及这一分布变化与上述各地区各相关经济与非经济因素变化的关系进行了研究。研究发现,10年中流动人口东、中、西部分布变化与东、中、西部经济发展的变化高度一致;而10年中流动人口在东部地区环渤海、长江三角洲、珠江三角洲及福建这三个亚区层面的分布变化则与经济发展要素变化有一致的方面,也有不一致的方面。珠江三角洲及福建的经济增长带来了流动人口的大幅增长,除珠江三角洲劳动密集型企业众多外,这可能与该区域地方社会人文等文化本底所决定的经济发展制度及习俗有一定的相关性。 相似文献
13.
Roy BK 《Population geography : a journal of the Association of Population Geographers of India》1983,5(1-2):81-86
This article examines some aspects of population redistribution on the basis of internal migration data provided by the 1971 census. Its scope in India is limited to the assessmentof the quantum and proportion of the redistribution at the national and state levels and to the change in internal migration during 1961-71 on the basis of birthplace statistics. A comparison of place of birth and place of last residence migrants is also referred to in the discussion. A brief analysis of types of migration streams in the intradistrict, interdistrict, and interstate levels are assessed to indicate the composition of migration. Certain characteristics of migrants in urban areas are also presented which may be useful for further investigations at the levels of cities and towns. The gamut of the above considerations may provide a view on the redistribution of population. 相似文献
14.
This research investigates the interregional migration of partnered gays and lesbians between 1995 and 2000 as the first attempt at understanding the determinants of gay and lesbian migration using data from the Public Use Microdata Sample of the 2000 U.S. Census. Briefly, the findings are as follows. Both partnered gays and lesbians are regionally distributed throughout the United States consistent with the geographical distribution of the entire U.S. population. However, the shifting location of the partnered gay and lesbian population between 1995 and 2000 demonstrates significant variability. The general conclusion to be reached from models of the net migration of the partnered gay and lesbian population in that period is as follows: Partnered gay migration is directed toward moderate‐sized urban regions rich in natural amenities without regard for tolerance toward gay lifestyles or the absolute or relative size of the partnered gay community. Partnered lesbian migration is focused on less‐populous regions with a large, existing, partnered lesbian population. The role of natural amenities, the tolerance for lesbian lifestyles, and population density are not significant in determining partnered lesbian migration. The only trait partnered gay and lesbian migrations have in common is in their move toward less populous regions. 相似文献
15.
Vaidyanathan KE 《Population geography : a journal of the Association of Population Geographers of India》1981,3(1-2):96-113
Trends and patterns of rural-urban population redistribution in Western Asia are analyzed. The extent to which migration, reclassification of localities, and natural increase affect urban growth and population distribution is discussed, and differences between areal units within each country and between countries of the region are examined. Policy options for regulating rural-urban distribution are considered. 相似文献
16.
Summary In 1971 under half of London's young people, then living with their parents, lived in households that owned their homes, while well over half lived in rented housing. By 1991, now no longer living with their parents, less than a quarter of these young people were tenants. This paper identifies the components of that intergenerational tenure mobility, distinguishing between home ownership in more, and less, 'desirable' wards, and quantifies the role of migration in mediating the overall changes in Londoner's housing market status between 1971 and 1991. It analyses the moderating factors contributing to housing status mobility, such as labour market mobility and household type, and assesses the differential impact of these processes on men and women. ONS Longitudinal Study data for the period 1971–91 are analysed. Findings are that the aggregate changes concealed a range of housing careers. In particular, in-migrants fared less well in the London housing market than in its labour market. 相似文献
17.
It is often assumed that places of cultural significance to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are protected under cultural heritage legislation such as the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2003 in Queensland. Such Acts are improvements on previous policies, which all but neglected Aboriginal cultural heritage. Nevertheless, the aims of policies developed at wider geographic scales, such as States within the Australian system, continue to be disconnected from the experiences of some local Traditional Owners. In this paper, we examine conflicts between non-local policy and on-ground management decisions for Aboriginal cultural heritage in peri-urban Queensland. We focus on the challenges of local Traditional Owners in peri-urban landscapes, basing our discussion on recent experiences conducting research on Indigenous land management in southeast Queensland. We examine three case studies: one in which colonial heritage values were prioritised over existing Aboriginal cultural heritage values, a second where local government failed to support a private landholder’s attempt to identify and protect a cultural heritage site, and a third where a cultural heritage site was protected but in a way that restricts the continuation of cultural practices. Developing more productive and equitable relationships between Traditional Owners and non-Indigenous decision makers, with regards to Aboriginal cultural heritage, requires new locally developed processes for engagement and we suggest how this could be achieved. 相似文献
18.
Dickason DG 《Population geography : a journal of the Association of Population Geographers of India》1989,11(1-2):1-20
"This paper evaluates statistically and displays cartographically previously untabulated and unpublished data from the 1971 Census of India for the entire population of Delhi. Data pertain to Delhi's census 'charges' (wards) and were originally tabulated in the form of 348 variables relating to occupational distribution, migration, and non-worker status--each classified separately by gender. Although these data are subject to multiple reporting errors and fallacious ecological inferences, they constitute the largest database yet assembled for comparative analysis of Indian intra-metropolitan patterns and structures. Socio-demographic patterns and areas are identified reflecting the traditional-modern, formal-informal, familistic, and ethnic constituents of the national capital of India." 相似文献
19.
基于六次全国人口普查数据资料,通过运用空间统计分析方法,对中国县级行政单元穆斯林人口的空间分布及演变特征进行分析。结果发现：（1）中国穆斯林人口密度的空间分布具有“片-点-区”的结构特征,即在穆斯林人口传统分布区形成高值片区,华北平原、云贵高原、辽河平原和东南沿海等区域形成零星分布的高值点区,在全国其他区域形成穆斯林人口密度低值区;（2）中国穆斯林人口空间分布具有一定的空间关联特征,在新疆、宁夏、青海东部、甘肃西南云贵两省交汇处及北京市等区域形成热点分布区;（3）穆斯林人口分布处于高度不均衡的状态,随着穆斯林人口向全国迁移扩散的发展,其不均衡程度趋于减弱;中国各大区之间的穆斯林人口偏移增长量经历了先增后减又迅速增长的过程,各地穆斯林人口表现出差异化发展趋势;（4）穆斯林人口分布及演变受生育水平和人口迁移状况等多种因素的综合影响,差异化的生育水平和人口迁移流动影响着穆斯林人口的空间再分布。 相似文献
20.
Using the preliminary results of the 1979 census, the authors analyze trends in the distribution of the population of the USSR. Topics considered include the role of natural increase in the redistribution of the population, the relationship between economic development and the rate of population growth in Siberia, the effects of increasing rural-urban migration, and changes in the number and distribution of large cities. 相似文献