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1.
利用氧气和水汽吸收波段暗像元假设的MERIS影像二类水体大气校正方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
摘 要:MERIS数据以其更为合理的水色波段设置和300m较高的空间分辨率,在内陆湖泊水环境遥感监测中有较大的应用潜力, 对其进行有效的大气校正则是水环境参数定量化反演的前提。以太湖为研究区, 研究基于氧气和水汽吸收波段的暗象元假设, 改进传统的近红外波段暗像元假设的大气校正方法。采用MERIS L2p数据辅助获取湖区气溶胶参数, 并利用2007年11月11日、2008年11月20日以及2009年4月25日三景MERIS影像进行方法验证。结果表明, 该方法能够快速、有效地完成MERIS影像的大气校正, 与地面准同步实测数据相比, 三次校正的RMSP都在25%以下; 与BEAM自带的二类水体大气校正算法、气溶胶厚度辅助的6S大气校正以及改进的暗象元算法进行精度比较, 表明该算法校正精度较高。由于该算法不需要同步实测气溶胶数据, 因此具有一定的适用性。 相似文献
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Youhei Kinoshita Masato Furuya Thomas Hobiger Ryuichi Ichikawa 《Journal of Geodesy》2013,87(3):267-277
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar phase data include not only signals due to crustal movements, but also those associated with microwave propagation delay through the atmosphere. In particular, the effect of water vapor can generate apparent signals in the order of a few centimeters or more, and prevent us from detecting such geophysical signals as those due to secular crustal deformation. To examine if and to what extent numerical weather model (NWM) outputs are helpful to reduce the tropospheric delay signals at spatial scales of 5–50 km wavelengths, we compared three approaches of tropospheric signal reduction, using 54 interferograms in central Hokkaido, Japan. The first approach is the conventional topography-correlated delay correction that is based on the regional digital elevation model (DEM). The second approach is based on the Japan Meteorological Agency’s operational meso-scale analysis model (MSM) data, where we compute tropospheric delays and subtract them from the interferogram. However, the MSM data are available at predefined epochs and their spatial resolution is about 10 km; therefore, we need to interpolate both temporally and spatially to match with interferograms. Expecting to obtain a more physically plausible reduction of the tropospheric effects, we ran a 1-km mesh high-resolution numerical weather model WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting model) by ourselves, using the MSM data as the initial and boundary conditions. The third approach is similar to the second approach, except that we make use of the WRF-based tropospheric data. Results show that if the topography-correlated phases are significant, both the conventional DEM-based approach and the MSM-based approach reveal comparable performances. However, when the topography-correlated phases are insignificant, none of the approaches can efficiently reduce the tropospheric phases. Although it could reduce the tropospheric signals in a local area, in none of the case studies did the WRF model produce the “best” performance. Whereas the global atmospheric model outputs are shown to be effective in reducing long-wavelength tropospheric signals, we consider that further improvements are needed for the initial and boundary condition data for high-resolution NWM, so that the NWM-based approach will become more reliable even in the case of a non-stratified troposphere. 相似文献
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利用MERIS数据植被指数分析福建省植被长势季节变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
监测植被长势动态变化可以提供生态系统状况有价值的信息,可以检测到人类或气候作用引起的变化。本研究利用2004—2005年间10期MERIS影像数据,以福建省为例,探讨MERIS数据在区域植被长势季节变化监测中的应用效果;分析了MERIS数据用于区域植被季节变化监测时的数据处理方法;比较了MERIS数据几种植被指数,提出了利用10和8波段组合改进MERISNDVI的建议;利用多时相合成的NDVI简单分析了2004年夏季—2005年夏季三个季节的植被长势状况。结果表明,MERIS植被指数的时空变化有效反映了气候变化对植被长势的影响。 相似文献
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MERIS and the red-edge position 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jan G. P. W. Clevers Steven M de Jong Gerrit F Epema Freek van der Meer Wim H Bakker Andrew K Skidmore Elisabeth A Addink 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2001,3(4):313
The Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) is a payload component of Envisat-1. MERIS will be operated over land with a standard 15 band setting acquiring images with a 300 m spatial resolution. The red-edge position (REP) is a promising variable for deriving foliar chlorophyll concentration, which plays an important role in ecosystem processes. The objectives of this paper are: (1) to study which factors effect the REP of vegetation, (2) to study whether this REP can be derived from the MERIS standard band setting and (3) to show what REP represents at the scale of MERIS data. Two different data sets were explored for simulating the REP using MERIS bands: (1) simulated data using reflectance models and (2) airborne reflectance spectra of an agricultural area obtained by the airborne visible-infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS). A “linear method”, assuming a straight slope of the reflectance spectrum around the midpoint of the slope, was a robust method for determining the REP and the MERIS bands at 665, 708.75, 753.75 and 778.75 nm could be used for applying the “linear method” for REP estimation. Results of the translation to the scale of MERIS data were very promising for applying MERIS at, for instance, the ecosystem level. 相似文献
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Qiang Chen Guoxiang Liu Xiaoli Ding Jyr-Ching Hu Linguo Yuan Ping Zhong M. Omura 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
A method for tightly integrating GPS observations and the persistent scatterer (PS) interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is proposed to detect vertical ground motion in Hong Kong, China. The tropospheric zenith wet delays (ZWD) derived from GPS observations at sites in the SAR scenes are used first to model and correct for the tropospheric effects in the interferograms generated from the SAR images. The vertical motion rates (VMR) of the GPS sites determined based on the continuous GPS observations obtained at the sites are then used as constraints in the PS InSAR solutions to further enhance the quality of the solutions. Data from 12 continuous tracking GPS sites in Hong Kong and 8 ENVISAT ASAR images acquired during 2006–2007 are used to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. The results from the example show that the method is capable of detecting accurately the vertical ground motion. 相似文献
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GPS/VRS 参考站网络的对流层误差建模技术研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
在虚拟参考站(VRS)技术中,参考站与流动站间的高程差异会引起对流层误差改正数中存在系统偏差影响,使对流层改正精度降低。在常规网络内插改正模型的基础上,借助先验对流层模型,提出了一种能自主修正高程偏差的距离相关对流层网络内插模型(MHDIM)。基于四川GPS连续运行参考站网络(Sichuan GPS Reference Station Network-SGRSN)实际测试数据的分析表明,对于地形变化较大的中长距离稀疏GPS/VRS参考站网络(如流动站与参考站间高程差异大于500m),应用MHDIM模型可使对流层延迟误差改正精度提高到2到3cm并实现cm级网络RTK定位结果,适用于GPS/VRS参考站网络cm级实时动态定位要求。 相似文献
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GPS定位中的对流层模型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
系统地分析对流层延迟特性在GPS导航中造成的定位误差,并主要介绍目前卫星定位领域主要应用的一些对流层折射修正模型。基于霍普尔德模型和萨斯塔莫宁模型,提出一种在缺少实测气象参数条件下,使用的简单对流层延迟修正模型。利用Matlab仿真软件对静态和动态接收机实测数据进行分析。结果表明,无气象参数的简单修正模型可以消除70％左右的对流层影响,有效地提高GPS的定位精度。 相似文献
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The red edge position (REP) in the vegetation spectral reflectance is a surrogate measure of vegetation chlorophyll content, and hence can be used to monitor the health and function of vegetation. The Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) aboard the future ESA Sentinel-2 (S-2) satellite will provide the opportunity for estimation of the REP at much higher spatial resolution (20 m) than has been previously possible with spaceborne sensors such as Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) aboard ENVISAT. This study aims to evaluate the potential of S-2 MSI sensor for estimation of canopy chlorophyll content, leaf area index (LAI) and leaf chlorophyll concentration (LCC) using data from multiple field campaigns. Included in the assessed field campaigns are results from SEN3Exp in Barrax, Spain composed of 35 elementary sampling units (ESUs) of LCC and LAI which have been assessed for correlation with simulated MSI data using a CASI airborne imaging spectrometer. Analysis also presents results from SicilyS2EVAL, a campaign consisting of 25 ESUs in Sicily, Italy supported by a simultaneous Specim Aisa-Eagle data acquisition. In addition, these results were compared to outputs from the PROSAIL model for similar values of biophysical variables in the ESUs. The paper in turn assessed the scope of S-2 for retrieval of biophysical variables using these combined datasets through investigating the performance of the relevant Vegetation Indices (VIs) as well as presenting the novel Inverted Red-Edge Chlorophyll Index (IRECI) and Sentinel-2 Red-Edge Position (S2REP). Results indicated significant relationships between both canopy chlorophyll content and LAI for simulated MSI data using IRECI or the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) while S2REP and the MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI) were found to have the strongest correlation for retrieval of LCC. 相似文献
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对流层延迟是影响全球卫星导航系统定位精度的主要因素之一。针对全球气象数据建立的对流层延迟改正模型区域精度较低这一问题,文中基于遗传算法和BP神经网络技术,在EGNOS模型基础上建立一个高精度的区域融合模型(GA-BPEGNOS模型)。选取北美洲2010—2014年41个观测站点,以国际GNSS服务中心的对流层产品作为真值,分析比较EGNOS模型和融合模型的对流层天顶延迟。研究表明,EGNOS模型的均方根误差为80.38mm,融合模型的均方根误差为34.44 mm。与EGNOS模型相比,融合模型的精度提高约57%,取得满意效果。 相似文献
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Monitoring Earth dynamics using current and future satellites is one of the most important objectives of the remote sensing community. The exploitation of image time series from sensors with different characteristics provides new opportunities to increase the knowledge about environmental changes and to support many operational applications. This paper presents an image fusion approach based on multiresolution and multisensor regularized spatial unmixing. The approach yields a composite image with the spatial resolution of the high spatial resolution image while retaining the spectral and temporal characteristics of the medium spatial resolution image. The approach is tested using images from Landsat/TM and ENVISAT/MERIS instruments, but is general enough to be applied to other sensor pairs. The potential of the proposed spatial unmixing approach is illustrated in an agricultural monitoring application where Landsat temporal profiles from images acquired over Albacete, Spain, in 2004 and 2009 are complemented with MERIS fused images. The resulting spatial resolution from Landsat allows monitoring small and medium size crops at the required scale while the fine spectral and temporal resolution from MERIS allow a more accurate determination of the crop type and phenology as well as capturing rapidly varying land-cover changes. 相似文献
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Tropospheric corrections to SAR interferometry from GPS observations 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques have been recognized as an ideal tool for many ground deformation monitoring applications. However, the spatially and temporally variable delay of the radar signal propagating through the atmosphere is a major limitation to accuracy. The dominant factor to be considered is the tropospheric heterogeneity, which can lead to misinterpretation of InSAR results. In this paper, a between-site (BS) and between-epoch (BE) double-differencing algorithm for the generation of tropospheric corrections to InSAR results based on GPS observations is tested. In order to correct the radar results on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the GPS-derived corrections have to be interpolated. Using experimental data it has been found that the inverse distance weighted and kriging interpolation methods are more suitable than the spline interpolation method. Differential corrections as large as several centimeters may have to be applied in order to ensure sub-centimeter accuracy for the InSAR result. The algorithm and procedures described in this paper could easily be implemented in a continuous GPS network data center. The interpolated image of BS, single-differenced tropospheric delays can be derived as a routine product to assist radar interferometry. 相似文献
13.
Kokhanovsky A.A. Schreier M. von Hoyningen-Huene W. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2008,5(1):53-56
The top-of-atmosphere reflectance measurements by advanced along-track scanning radiometer (AATSR), medium-resolution imaging spectrometer (MERIS), and scanning imaging absorption spectrometer for atmospheric chartography (SCIAMACHY) onboard ENVISAT have been compared for collocated scenes. The AATSR and MERIS observations were averaged to the scale of a SCIAMACHY ground scene (30 km times 60 km). The SCIAMACHY reflectances were averaged to account for much coarser spectral resolution of AATSR and MERIS observations. It was found that SCIAMACHY reflectances coincide with those of MERIS within 4% MERIS calibration error. This is also the case for AATSR reflectances, except at the wavelength of 0.865 mum, where SCIAMACHY gives, on average, 6% lower reflectances as compared to those of AATSR. They are 3% too low as compared to MERIS observations at this wavelength. 相似文献
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A Novel Technique for Noise Reduction in InSAR Images 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Meng D. Sethu V. Ambikairajah E. Ge L. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2007,4(2):226-230
This letter proposes a new technique for noise reduction applied to synthetic aperture radar interferometry. This technique involves a nonlinear filter that separates the interferogram into two components: one containing the smooth (low frequency) part and the other containing the detail (high frequency) part. The smooth part is obtained using a combination of a median filter and a smoothing filter. The detail component is obtained by subtracting the smooth component from the original signal. This detail component is filtered to remove noise and then added to the smooth component to generate the final output. Both simulated and real data are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique under different conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed technique outperforms most commonly used interferometric phase filters 相似文献
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The leaf area index (LAI) of plant canopies is an important structural parameter that controls energy, water, and gas exchanges of plant ecosystems. Remote sensing techniques may offer an alternative for measuring and mapping forest LAI at a landscape scale. Given the characteristics of high spatial/spectral resolution of the WorldView-2 (WV2) sensor, it is of significance that the textural information extracted from WV2 multispectral (MS) bands will be first time used in estimating and mapping forest LAI. In this study, LAI mapping accuracies would be compared from (a) spatial resolutions between 2-m WV2 MS data and 30-m Landsat TM imagery, (b) the nature of variables between spectrum-based features and texture-based features, and (c) sensors between TM and WV2. Therefore spectral/textural features (SFs) were first selected and tested; then a canonical correlation analysis was performed with different data sets of SFs and LAI measurement; and finally linear regression models were used to predict and map forest LAI with canonical variables calculated from image data. The experimental results demonstrate that for estimating and mapping forest LAI, (i) using high resolution data (WV2) is better than using relatively low resolution data (TM); (ii) extracted from the same WV2 data, texture-based features have higher capability than that of spectrum-based features; (iii) a combination of spectrum-based features with texture-based features could lead to even higher accuracy of mapping forest LAI than their either one separately; and (iv) WV2 sensor outperforms TM sensor significantly. However, we need to address the possible overfitting phenomenon that might be brought in by using more input variables to develop models. In addition, the experimental results also indicate that the red-edge band in WV2 was the worst on estimating LAI among WV2 MS bands and the WV2 MS bands in the visible range had a much higher correlation with ground measured LAI than that red-edge and NIR bands did. 相似文献
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Envisat-1双极化雷达数据建模及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据欧空局Envisat-1卫星上ASAR传感器的系统参数和双极化特点，利用AIEM模型模拟，建立了裸露地表同极化后向散射模型和粗糙度参数计算模型。前者把同极化总后向散射系数表达成人射角和两个地表参数（土壤水分和粗糙度）的函数；后者给出了用双极化雷达数据计算粗糙度的方法。把这两个模型结合，用于土壤水分反演，分别用模拟数据和实测数据验证，良好的结果证明了这两个模型的可靠性和实用性。双极化后向散射模型的建立，将为以后PALSAR（日本）和RADARSAT-2（加拿大）多极化雷达数据的应用打下基础。 相似文献
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Yunmeng Cao Zhiwei Li Jianchao Wei Jun Hu Meng Duan Guangcai Feng 《Journal of Geodesy》2018,92(2):185-204
Despite the many applications of time series interferometric synthetic aperture radar (TS-InSAR) techniques in geophysical problems, error analysis and assessment have been largely overlooked. Tropospheric propagation error is still the dominant error source of InSAR observations. However, the spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric effects is seldom considered in the present standard TS-InSAR techniques, such as persistent scatterer interferometry and small baseline subset interferometry. The failure to consider the stochastic properties of atmospheric effects not only affects the accuracy of the estimators, but also makes it difficult to assess the uncertainty of the final geophysical results. To address this issue, this paper proposes a network-based variance–covariance estimation method to model the spatiotemporal variation of tropospheric signals, and to estimate the temporal variance–covariance matrix of TS-InSAR observations. The constructed stochastic model is then incorporated into the TS-InSAR estimators both for parameters (e.g., deformation velocity, topography residual) estimation and uncertainty assessment. It is an incremental and positive improvement to the traditional weighted least squares methods to solve the multitemporal InSAR time series. The performance of the proposed method is validated by using both simulated and real datasets. 相似文献
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S. P. Vyas M. D. Steven K. W. Jaggard 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2005,33(2):315-321
The present work was aimed to compare the abilities of radar and optical satellite data to estimate crop canopy cover, which
is a key component of productivity estimates. Three ERS-1 SAR images were obtained of East Anglia (UK) in 1995 and one ERS-2
SAR image in 1996. The images covered a study area around the IACR Brooms Barn Sugar Beet Research Institute. Field data comprising
radiometric and biophysical measurements of the crop canopy were collected in two fields from June 22 to August 3, 1995 to
coincide with ERS-1 SAR overpass dates. In 1996, field data were collected in two fields from June 11 to July 29 on a weekly
basis. A previously calibrated version of the water cloud model was inverted to estimate Leaf Area Index (LAI) from ERS-1
and ERS-2 SAR backscatter and soil moisture samples. Canopy cover was estimated from the radar-estimated LAI using a standard
exponential relationship that has a well-established coefficient for sugar beet.
Radio-metrically and atmospherically corrected data from three SPOT images in 1995 and one SPOT image in 1996 were used to
calculate the Optimised Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), from which crop canopy cover was estimated using a relationship
determined previously by canopy modelling. The crop cover values estimated by satellite were in good agreement with those
measured on ground with the Parkinson radiometer. Radar data may be able to provide useful estimates of canopy cover for crop
production modelling, especially in the case of loss of optical data due to cloud. 相似文献
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基于单基站的超长基线定位技术在地壳形变监测、高精度授时等领域具有广泛应用,但仍有诸多因素制约着超长基线解算精度。从观测方程出发,利用单差观测值对长（超长）基线(146～1 724 km)解算中的卫星轨道误差、对流层延迟误差、地球潮汐误差和相位缠绕误差等误差特性进行了详细分析。分析结果表明,当基线小于500 km时广播星历误差可忽略不计;超过500 km时需要采用精密星历,同时需要考虑地球潮汐误差的影响;利用参数估计法同时估计基线两端的天顶对流层延迟误差可获得1～2 cm精度;相位缠绕误差对基线小于2 000 km的解算影响可忽略。基于估计天顶对流层延迟的方法解算了5条长(超长)基线（146 km、491 km、837 km、 1 043 km和1 724 km）。实验结果表明,当基线小于500 km时,采用广播星历可获得水平方向优于0.05 m、高程方向优于0.08 m的定位精度;当基线小于2 000 km时,采用超快速精密星历可获得水平方向优于0.025 m、高程方向优于0.055 m的定位精度。解算的初始收敛时间随着基线长度增加而缩短。 相似文献