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基于Ｆｌｉｇｅｌ等（１９７５）采用的Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ－Ｈａｓｋｅｌｌ算法（Ｈａｓｋｅｌｌ，１９５１），在取消Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ近似的条件下求解线性内波方程，以研究内波的频散关系及其各种模态的垂直速度振幅随深度分布的特征。本文以南海（１３°３０′Ｎ，１１８°３０′Ｅ）、（９°３０′Ｎ，１１１°３０′Ｅ）两个测站夏季和冬季的内波特征的计算为例，分别用Ｆｌｉｇｅｌ等原先的方法（引入Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ近似）和本文改进的方法（取消Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ近似）进行了计算；结果表明：对于垂直波数较小的内波，在取消Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ近似情况下，其计算精度可获得明显的提高。 相似文献
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内波频散关系的一种数值解法 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于Ｆｌｉｇｅｌ等（１９７５）采用的Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ－Ｈａｓｋｅｌｌ算法（Ｈａｓｋｅｌｌ，１９５１），在取消Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ近似的条件下求解线性内波方程，以研究内波的频散关系及其各种模态的垂直速度振幅随深度分布的特征。本文以南海（１３°３０′Ｎ，１１８°３０′Ｅ）、（９°３０′Ｎ，１１１°３０′Ｅ）两个测站夏季和冬季的内波特征的计算为例，分别用Ｆｌｉｇｅｌ等原先的方法（引入Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ 相似文献
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本文采用Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ近似，利用地转动量近似（ＧＭＡ）方法，研究了大气Ｅｋｍａｎ层的三维非线性动力学特征，得到了Ｅｋｍａｎ层中三维风速分布的解析解，着重讨论了热成风对Ｅｋｍａｎ层水平风速分布的影响，对传统的求垂直速度的方法进行了改进。 相似文献
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利用1951—2015年NOAA气候预测中心的SST扩展重建资料（ERSST V3b）、国家气候中心提供的我国160站月降水量资料、美国国家环境预报中心/大气研究中心（NCEP/NCAR）提供的各气压层的水平风速、垂直速度和比湿资料,研究了印度洋不同海温模态对两类厄尔尼诺事件与我国南方秋季降水关系的影响。结果表明,虽然东部型（中部型）厄尔尼诺年秋季我国长江以南地区降水偏多（少）,但当东部型厄尔尼诺与印度洋正偶极子同时发生年秋季,我国长江以南地区降水偏多的程度显著提高;当中部型厄尔尼诺与印度洋正偶极子同时发生年秋季,我国西南地区降水转为偏多,其他南方地区降水仍然偏少;当中部型厄尔尼诺与印度洋一致增暖型海温同时发生年秋季,我国整个长江以南地区降水偏少,且偏少的幅度要显著高于不考虑印度洋海温异常的情况。此外还对印度洋不同海温模态对两类厄尔尼诺事件与我国南方秋季降水关系的影响的环流成因进行了分析。 相似文献
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厄尔尼诺现象和浙江近海鲐Shen鱼渔获量变化关系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文研究浙江近海１９７０年到９１９２年鲐Ｓｈｅｎ鱼渔获量变化与Ｅｌｎｉｎｏ现象的关系，结合捕捞强度，长江中下游汛期（４￣９月）降水量距平年际变化综合分析，探讨浙江近海鲐Ｓｈｅｎ鱼渔获量变动规律，为合理开发渔业资源提供科学依据。 相似文献
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本文结合东为许多重要沉积盆地的地层资料,介绍东南亚第三纪构造与地层演化的一个新模式,这一模式可划分为四个阶段：（１）第Ⅰ阶段（５０－４３．５Ｍａ）;在这个阶段印度－欧亚板块碰撞开始并延续,同时在欧亚板块的南缘发生洋壳俯冲。印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞使印度洋大洋扩张速度放慢,从而使沿着巽它孤俯冲带的会聚速度降低,且使毗连的弧前和弧后处于拉伸期。弧前和东爪哇地区孤立裂谷盆地下面充填了海浸沉积物,上覆为开 相似文献
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热带西太平洋、印度洋表层水温的变异特性及其对南极冰面积变化的响应 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
应用海洋表层水温资料（ＣＯＡＤＳ资料）,分析研究了对全球气候有重要影响的热带西太平洋、印度洋海洋表层水温的年变化和年际变化的特性,探讨了与ＥＮＳＯ和南极冰面积变化之间的联系。结果表明,热带西太平洋及印度洋表层水温具有明显的年变化和年际变化而且它们之间存在不同的变化趋势。这种结果是两大洋的水温振荡周期不同有较大关系。热带印度洋表层水温的年际变化与Ｅ１ Ｎｉ￣／ｎｏ和Ｌａ Ｎｉ￣／ｎａ的发生年份存在较 相似文献
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基于SODA数据的印度洋表层和次表层热含量变化及其与ENSO的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用1950年1月至1999年12月SODA海洋上层温度的月平均资料及同期的NCEP月平均风场资料,研究了印度洋表层和次表层热含量年际变化的特征以及与海面风场的关系.通过对热带印度洋海区上层热含量异常的经验正交函数分解,发现表层与次表层热含量主要模态的分布不同,表层热含量主要模态的时、空分布与前人对海表温度(SST)异常的研究结果基本一致,第一模的空间分布为全海盆一致型,春季(夏季) 表层热含量第一模的时间序列与前一年的秋季(冬季)Ni(n)o3区SST异常的时间序列有密切的关系;第二模的空间分布为东西偶极子型,并在秋季与4-8个月前的Ni(n)o3区SST异常有密切的关系;次表层热含量异常第一模为东西偶极子型,冬季热带太平洋异常通过影响印度洋的海面风导致的海洋动力调整,进而影响印度洋次年春季次表层热含量东西偶极子型异常; 次表层热含量异常第二模在10°S以北是全海盆一致型,但却与Ni(n)o3区SST异常在统计学上无关. 相似文献
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分析小冰麦异附加系列Ⅰ（ＴＡＩ系列Ⅰ）的叶片酯酶（ＥＳＴＬ）、胚乳酯酶（ＥＳＴＥ）和胚芽鞘酯酶（ＥＳＴＣ）的酶谱表型，根据同工酶结构基因Ｅｓｔｃ－Ａｇ１和Ｅｓｔｌ－Ａｇ２在异附加系ＴＡＩ－１２，基因Ｅｓｔｅ－Ａｇ４在ＴＡＩ－１５中冰草染色体上的定位，推知ＴＡＩ－１２和ＴＡＩ－１５中的冰草染色体分别属于第３和６同祖群。由于此二冰草染色体上还分别存在与小麦第６和３同祖群染色体部分同源的基因；因而认为这两条冰草染色体间发生了相互易位。 相似文献
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Phiros Shah R. Sajeev K. J. Thara Grinson George Muhammad Shafeeque S. Akash 《Marine Geodesy》2019,42(1):64-84
An attempt has been made to develop a holistic understanding of upwelling and downwelling along the south-west coast of India. The main objective was to elucidate the roles of different forcings involved in the vertical motion along this coast. The south-west coast of India was characterized by upwelling during the south-west monsoon (May to September) and by downwelling during the north-east monsoon and winter (November to February). The average vertical velocity calculated along the south-west coast from the vertical shift of the 26?°C isotherm is 0.57?m/day during upwelling and 0.698?m/day during downwelling. It was concluded that upwelling along the south-west coast of India is driven by offshore Ekman transport due to the alongshore wind, Ekman pumping, horizontal divergence of currents and by the propagation of coastally trapped waves. Whereas downwelling along the coast is driven only by convergence of currents and the propagation of coastally trapped Kelvin waves. Along the west coast of India, the downwelling-favorable Kelvin waves come from the equator and upwelling-favorable waves come from the Gulf of Mannar region. 相似文献
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热带非稳定波（ＴＩＷｓ）关于赤道的径向不对称是其突出特征之一。本文利用二层半线性海洋模式研究各种不对称背景条件对非稳定波不对称性的影响。结果表明，在大西洋和太平洋上热带非稳定波（ＴＩＷｓ）的不对称性似是由于南赤道流的两个分支和海面温度锋面对于赤道的不对称性，而不是由于北赤道逆流的出现。 相似文献
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Effects of Interannual Variability in the Eastern Indian Ocean on the Indonesian Throughflow 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Yukio Masumoto 《Journal of Oceanography》2002,58(1):175-182
The influences of the large-scale interannual variations in the eastern Indian Ocean on the variability of the Indonesian throughflow are investigated by using an ocean general circulation model, driven by the ERS satellite winds from July 1992 to June 1997. The empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the simulated surface dynamic height variability captures two dominant modes on an interannual time scale, which are quite consistent with the available observations. The first mode indicates large amplitude in the western tropical Pacific and has a strong relation to the El Niño events, while the second EOF exhibits the large amplitude in the eastern Indian Ocean. The simulated net Indonesian throughflow shows an interannual variation of amplitude of about 15 Sv, with large transport from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean during 1994/95 and small transport during 1992 and 1997. It turns out that the net throughflow variation shows a high correlation with the second EOF mode (r = 0.51) for the whole five-year simulation. On the other hand, the correlation with the first mode is rather low (r = ?0.07). However, the relative importance of the EOF modes to the throughflow variability changes with time. The upper-layer transport above a depth of 230 m in the Indonesian archipelago is also affected by the second mode. The difference in the upper-layer transport across 1°S and 110°E generates warm water convergence/divergence with a magnitude of 4 Sv within the Indonesian Seas on the interannual time scale, which shows good correspondence with sea surface temperature variation averaged over the Indonesian archipelago. 相似文献
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David Kadko William Johns 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(6):647-657
Ocean upwelling rates are difficult to measure because of the relatively small velocities involved, and therefore are typically inferred from indirect methods such as heat budget estimates or tracer observations. Here we present the first results using a novel technique, based on the isotope 7Be, to infer rates of upwelling along the equator. Beryllium-7 (half-life=53.3 d) is a cosmic-ray produced radioactive nuclide that is deposited by rainfall upon the ocean surface and subsequently enriched and homogenized within the mixed layer. Previous investigations have utilized the penetration of characteristically high mixed layer concentrations into the upper thermocline to trace ocean ventilation and subduction over seasonal timescales. Here, the tracer is used in a reverse sense; that is, the 7Be concentration in the usually 7Be-rich surface mixed layer will be diluted from penetration of 7Be “dead” water upwelled from below. This dilution provides a means to infer upwelling rates. Furthermore, with knowledge of upwelling rates, 7Be profiles can be used to constrain vertical diffusivity within the upper thermocline. These ideas were tested with samples collected during the Tropical Atlantic Climate Experiment (TACE) cruise (May 22-June 27, 2009). The observations indicated a nearly linear relationship between 7Be inventory and mixed layer temperature, as with increased upwelling, lower mixed layer temperatures correspond to greater 7Be dilution from depth. With this data, upwelling rates were estimated at a number of stations near the equator between 0°E and 30°W within and adjacent to the equatorial cold tongue. The derived upwelling rates ranged from 0 to 2.2 m/d, with maximum values found between the equator and 2°S. The corresponding Kz values derived for the upper thermocline were in the range 1-4×10−4 m2/s. 相似文献
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有界赤道大洋波包解及其年际年代际变率 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Linearized shallow water perturbation equations with approximation in an equatorial β plane are used to obtain the analytical solution of wave packet anomalies in the upper bounded equatorial ocean. The main results are as follows. The wave packet is a superposition of eastward travelling Kelvin waves and westward travelling Rossby waves with the slowest speed, and satisfies the boundary conditions of eastern and western coasts, respectively.The decay coefficient of this solution to the north and south sides of the equator is inversely proportional only to the phase velocity of Kelvin waves in the upper water. The oscillation frequency of the wave packet, which is also the natural frequency of the ocean, is proportional to its mode number and the phase velocity of Kelvin waves and is inversely proportional to the length of the equatorial ocean in the east-west direction. The flow anomalies of the wave packet of Mode 1 most of the time appear as zonal flows with the same direction. They reach the maximum at the center of the equatorial ocean and decay rapidly away from the equator, manifested as equatorially trapped waves. The flow anomalies of the wave packet of Mode 2 appear as the zonal flows with the same direction most of the time in half of the ocean, and are always 0 at the center of the entire ocean which indicates stagnation, while decaying away from the equator with the same speed as that of Mode 1. The spatial structure and oscillation period of the wave packet solution of Mode 1 and Mode 2 are consistent with the changing periods of the surface spatial field and time coefficient of the first and second modes of complex empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis of flow anomalies in the actual equatorial ocean. This indicates that the solution does exist in the real ocean, and that El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and Indian Ocean dipole(IOD) are both related to Mode 2.After considering the Indonesian throughflow, we can obtain the length of bounded equatorial ocean by taking the sum of that of the tropical Indian Ocean and the tropical Pacific Ocean, thus this wave packet can also explain the decadal variability(about 20 a) of the equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans. 相似文献
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Vinu Valsala 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(4):479-494
The combined and individual responses of the first and second baroclinic mode dynamics of the tropical Indian Ocean to the
well-known Indian Ocean Dipole mode (IOD) wind anomalies are investigated. The IOD forced first baroclinic Rossby waves arrive
at the western boundary in three months, while the reflected component from the eastern boundary with opposite phase arrives
in five to six months, both carry input energy to the west. The inclusion of the second baroclinic mode slows down the wave
propagation by mode coupling and stretches the energy spectrum to a relatively longer time scale. The total energy exists
in the equatorial wave guide for at least five months from the forcing, as much as 10% of that of the atmospheric input, which
mainly dissipates at the western boundary. The individual responses of the ocean to IOD interannual wind anomaly show that
the significant modes of oceanic anomalies are confined to a wave guide of 10° on either side of the equator. 相似文献
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印度洋海表温度的变化及其对印度夏季季风降水影响的诊断研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
对印度洋海表温度(SST)的主要特征及变化趋势进行分析,并研究了其与印度夏季季风降水(ISMR)和季风环流的关系,揭示出:从北印度洋到南半球中高纬度印度洋,SST最显著的变化模态是全海盆一致的变化,近50 a来总体趋势是上升的,在1976,1986年以及1996年间分别有一次跳跃性增温,与太平洋SST变化趋势基本一致.除了长期变化趋势外,南印度洋中高纬度比热带地区有更显著的模态分布.在印度洋SST升温的背景下,ISMR具有逐渐减少的趋势,但两者相关较弱.印度洋SST发生跳跃后的不同阶段,许多海区SST与ISMR相关均发生变化,但在春季,热带外南印度洋具有一对相对稳定区,其分布与EOF分析的第2模态相似.根据它们的分布,文中定义了春季南半球偶极子(SIOD),在正SIOD(PSIOD)情况下印度降水偏多,而负SIOD(NSIOD)则反之.环流分析表明,PSIOD(NSIOD)通过与大气的相互作用,对夏季马斯克林高压具有增强(减弱)作用,进而使得索马里越赤道气流增强(减弱),在印度地区低空产生异常的辐合(辐散),高层辐散(辐合),从而影响印度季风环流,使得印度季风降水偏多(少). 相似文献
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A long-term warming pattern of global subsurface ocean was detected separately from other natural variations. Three dominant modes were extracted: a long-term warming mode, a mode related to the El Niño/Southern Oscillation, and a mode related to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. The long-term warming mode explained 78 % of the global mean temperature variance from the surface to a depth of 300 m, and the other two modes could explain most of the residual variance. Subsurface warming associated with the long-term warming mode was strong in the subtropics. In contrast, there was a local minimum of warming in the northern hemisphere subarctic ocean, and warming was suppressed in subsurface waters south of the equator. Atmospheric changes associated with the long-term warming mode showed negative (positive) sea level pressure anomalies at high (middle) latitudes in both hemispheres, and an intensification and/or a poleward expansion of mid-latitude westerlies. Wind stress curl changes were negative in the subtropics and positive in the subarctic of the northern hemisphere; changes that were consistent with the strong warming in the subtropics and the local minimum of warming in the subarctic. Warming of Southern Ocean subsurface waters coincided with southward migration and intensification of westerly winds, whereas surface warming to the south of 50°S was suppressed, probably by strengthened northward Ekman transport. Positive wind stress curl off the equator with weakening of the tropical easterly winds in the Pacific and Indian Oceans was consistent with the subsurface negative temperature anomaly there. 相似文献