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1.
冀北坳陷双洞背斜为一被破坏了的古油藏:铁岭组灰岩中广泛分布的油苗、沥青和油气包裹体指示地质历史时期本区大规模的油气活动.灰岩中发育多期含油气包裹体的方解石脉,说明本区经历过多期构造运动,且每次构造运动都伴有较大规模的油气活动,构造运动使古油藏发生调整和破坏.冀北坳陷中-上元古界勘探的关键是有否好的盖层和保存条件,中-上元古界上覆地层古生界和中生界均未遭受严重破坏的地区为勘探远景区.  相似文献   

2.
易立 《中国地质调查》2019,6(4):104-110
牧原凹陷是海拉尔盆地群中研究程度和勘探程度均较低的凹陷,尚未取得勘探突破。为明确牧原凹陷的油气资源潜力与勘探前景,开展了野外地质调查、老井复查与烃源岩有机地球化学特征研究等,基本明确了凹陷油气地质条件:①牧原凹陷具有单断箕状结构,可划分为陡坡带、洼槽带和缓坡带3个构造单元;②发育大磨拐河组、南屯组和兴安岭群3套有效烃源岩,南屯组、大磨拐河组烃源岩厚度大,分布面积广,有机质类型好,以II 1-I型为主,有机质丰度高,生烃潜量大,热演化进入成熟阶段,是凹陷主力烃源岩,兴安岭群烃源岩有机质丰度高,处于高成熟阶段,虽然厚度与分布有限,也是一套有价值的烃源岩;③发育兴安岭群的自生自储或上生下储、大磨拐河组与南屯组的自生自储、伊敏组的下生上储3套储盖组合。对比高勘探程度区单断箕状凹陷的成藏规律,结合牧原凹陷自身的地质特点,构建了牧原凹陷油气成藏模式。通过开展区带的初步评价,优选出2个有利区带,提出了勘探目标。  相似文献   

3.
易立 《中国地质调查》2014,6(4):104-111
牧原凹陷是海拉尔盆地群中研究程度和勘探程度均较低的凹陷,尚未取得勘探突破。为明确牧原凹陷的油气资源潜力与勘探前景,开展了野外地质调查、老井复查与烃源岩有机地球化学特征研究等,基本明确了凹陷油气地质条件: ①牧原凹陷具有单断箕状结构,可划分为陡坡带、洼槽带和缓坡带3个构造单元; ②发育大磨拐河组、南屯组和兴安岭群3套有效烃源岩,南屯组、大磨拐河组烃源岩厚度大,分布面积广,有机质类型好,以II1-I型为主,有机质丰度高,生烃潜量大,热演化进入成熟阶段,是凹陷主力烃源岩,兴安岭群烃源岩有机质丰度高,处于高成熟阶段,虽然厚度与分布有限,也是一套有价值的烃源岩; ③发育兴安岭群的自生自储或上生下储、大磨拐河组与南屯组的自生自储、伊敏组的下生上储3套储盖组合。对比高勘探程度区单断箕状凹陷的成藏规律,结合牧原凹陷自身的地质特点,构建了牧原凹陷油气成藏模式。通过开展区带的初步评价,优选出2个有利区带,提出了勘探目标。  相似文献   

4.
The Jurassic succession of western Iraq includes the Ubaid, Hussainiyat, Amij, Muhaiwir, and Najmah formations. Each formation is composed of basal clastic unit overlain by upper carbonate unit. Extensive and huge erosional unconformity occurred at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary due to marked shifting of structural (E–W) strike of the Triassic (Rhaetic) Zor Hauran Formation to (NE–SW) Jurassic formations. Sea level falling (lowstand system tracts) would result in the progradation of the land on the expense of the sea forming the recognizable progradation of the fluvial and deltaic deposits of the lower clastic units of the Jurassic formations, whereas sea level rising (highstand system tract), i.e., sea prograding, causes deposition of the carbonate units of the Jurassic formations system. This progradation resulted to various carbonate environments of deposition ranging from subtidal, intertidal, to supratidal. The main target on most of the exploration blocks in the western part of Iraq focused on the lower Paleozoic successions, whereas prospects in Triassic, Jurassic, and lower Cretaceous targets are less extensive but may have significant potential on certain blocks in both stratigraphic and structural traps. The western part of Iraq was subjected to intermittent pulses of uplifting (sea regression) and subsidence (sea transgression) to form the Jurassic basin system in the area. The Jurassic formations lack the characteristics of petroleum systems. In contrast, in the central and northern parts of Iraq, the Jurassic formations (Najmah and Gotnia formations) were deposited in subsiding basins in which the reservoir and sealed evaporitic rocks existed. In turn, in the western desert of Iraq, the Jurassic formations lack these petroleum system characteristics. Hence, it can be proposed that the petroleum–nonpetroleum inflection could be proposed in the east of area km 160.  相似文献   

5.
浙江湖州太湖南岸地热资源研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
浙江湖州太湖南岸有多处地热异常显示,异常点水温为25℃～31℃,水中的氟、偏硅酸和游离二氧化碳达到或接近国家医疗热矿水标准值,具有一定的开发利用价值。通过大量调查和以往地质成果资料的分析研究,建立了地热形成模式和热储概念模型,认为区内存在二叠系栖霞组、石炭系船山组和黄龙组灰岩以及泥盆系五通组、志留系茅山组砂岩两个热储层;北东向的学川—湖州、北西向的长兴—奉化和东西向的湖州一嘉善大断裂是区内的主要导热热构造,且近期有活动迹象,为地下热水的形成创造了条件;石炭系上统高骊组、二叠系龙潭组与堰桥组的页岩、泥岩,第四系的粘土层是良好保温层。研究成果对开发本区的地热资源有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

6.
Detailed geochemistry studies were conducted to investigate the origin of solid bitumens and hydrocarbon gases in the giant Puguang gas field. Two types of solid bitumens were recognized： low sulfur content, low reflectance （LSLR） solid bitumens in sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation and high sulfur content, high reflectance （HSHR） solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Upper Permian Changxing formations. Solid bitumens in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation correlate well with extracts from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic nonmarine source rocks in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and biomarker distribution. Solid bitumens in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations are distinctly different from extracts from the Cambrian and Silurian rocks but display reasonable correlation with extracts from the Upper Permian source rocks both in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and in biomarker distribution, suggesting that the Permian especially the Upper Permian Longtan Formation was the main source of solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations in the Puguang gas field. Chemical and isotopic composition of natural gases indicates that the majority of hydrocarbon gases originated from sapropelic organic matter and was the products of thermal cracking of accumulated oils. This study indicates that source rock dominated by sapropelic organic matter existed in the Upper Permian and had made major contribution to the giant Puguang gas field, which has important implication for petroleum exploration in marine sequences in South China.  相似文献   

7.
Fluid inclusions can be used to interpret thermal history and petroleum maturation and migration relative to burial history. Temperature, pressure and composition data collected from fluid inclusions are used to determine the environment of diagenesis and the timing of cementation and migration. Cements in petroleum reservoirs contain both oil and aqueous fluid inclusions. Fluorescence spectroscopy is used to identify oil inclusions and to determine the maturity of entrapped oil. The lifetime of fluorescence induced by a pulsed laser is related to the API gravity of entrapped oil. Interpretation of fluid inclusion data depends on knowing the origin of fluid inclusions and the probability that they survive in the burial environment. Those aspects of fluid inclusion study are investigated by synthesizing oil and aqueous inclusions in calcite crystals in laboratory experiments. Examples of how fluid inclusions are used to determine the physico-chemical environments of diagenesis in petroleum reservoirs and the timing of cementation and migration are given for the Wealden Basin, England, the Mishrif Formation, Dubai, the Smackover Formation, Gulf Coast, U.S.A. and Jurassic sandstones, offshore Norway. In the Wealden Basin, temperature data from fluid inclusions are used to determine that oil migration occurred in the Cretaceous and that the reservoir rocks have been uplifted to varying degrees at a time after migration. Distribution of oil inclusions indicates that generation and migration of oil was principally in the western part of the basin. The geochemistry of oil inclusions in calcite cements from the Mishrif Formation, Dubai, are used to determine the type and maturity of entrapped oil. Temperature data from oil and water inclusions are used to relate reservoir diagenesis to burial history and the migration of oil. In deep Smackover reservoirs oil contains H2S. The origin of the H2S is examined by study of fluid inclusions containing H2S. In Jurassic sandstones, offshore Norway, fluid inclusion studies show that silica cementation is related to burial depth whereas a later calcite cementation originated from invasion of a hot fluid.  相似文献   

8.
为了弄清塔里木盆地温宿凸起构造演化、油源条件及圈闭类型等关键地质问题,通过石油地质条件综合分析,结合样品测试分析,查清了温宿地区油气成藏的关键因素,提出了石油地质条件新认识。结果表明: 温宿凸起为一个继承性发育的古隆起,构造演化主要经历了4个发展阶段; 温宿凸起油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主; 温宿凸起不发育烃源岩,但发育沟通拜城富烃凹陷的高效输导体系; 温宿凸起新近系吉迪克组油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主; 油气的生成、运移、聚集主要发生在新近纪—第四纪,具有明显的晚期复式成藏特点; 优越的盖层条件是温宿吉迪克组油气藏形成的重要因素。  相似文献   

9.
New oil reservoirs have been discovered recently in the Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in the Fudong slope, Junggar basin in China. The process and mechanism of lateral petroleum migration in the Jurassic System in the Fudong slope was investigated based on the geological analysis of the strata, porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks and geochemistry on oil–source correlation and oil–oil correlation. The results indicate that hydrocarbons of the Toutunhe Formation were primarily derived from the Middle–Lower Jurassic and Middle Permian source rocks of the western Fukang Depression and migrated along the axis from west to east. The thickness, sand/strata ratio, porosity and permeability of the Toutunhe 2 member are all better than that of the Toutunhe 1 member, making it the main carrier bed of the hydrocarbons lateral migration.  相似文献   

10.
为了弄清塔里木盆地温宿凸起构造演化、油源条件及圈闭类型等关键地质问题,通过石油地质条件综合分析,结合样品测试分析,查清了温宿地区油气成藏的关键因素,提出了石油地质条件新认识。结果表明:温宿凸起为一个继承性发育的古隆起,构造演化主要经历了4个发展阶段;温宿凸起油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主;温宿凸起不发育烃源岩,但发育沟通拜城富烃凹陷的高效输导体系;温宿凸起新近系吉迪克组油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主;油气的生成、运移、聚集主要发生在新近纪-第四纪,具有明显的晚期复式成藏特点;优越的盖层条件是温宿吉迪克组油气藏形成的重要因素。  相似文献   

11.
Detailed geochemistry studies were conducted to investigate the origin of solid bitumens and hydrocarbon gases in the giant Puguang gas field. Two types of solid bitumens were recognized: low sulfur content, low reflectance (LSLR) solid bitumens in sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation and high sulfur content, high reflectance (HSHR) solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Upper Permian Changxing formations. Solid bitumens in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation correlate well with extracts from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic nonmarine source rocks in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and biomarker distribution. Solid bitumens in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations are distinctly different from extracts from the Cambrian and Silurian rocks but display reasonable correlation with extracts from the Upper Permian source rocks both in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and in biomarker distribution, suggesting that the Permian especially the Upper Permian Longtan Formation was the main source of solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations in the Puguang gas field. Chemical and isotopic composition of natural gases indicates that the majority of hydrocarbon gases originated from sapropelic organic matter and was the products of thermal cracking of accumulated oils. This study indicates that source rock dominated by sapropelic organic matter existed in the Upper Permian and had made major contribution to the giant Puguang gas field, which has important implication for petroleum exploration in marine sequences in South China.  相似文献   

12.
油气成藏年代学研究进展及发展趋势   总被引：51，自引：3，他引：51  
成藏年代学是当代石油地质学的一个前沿领域。80年代以来，随着油藏地球化学、流体包裹体方法、同位素测年法、油气水界面追溯法等多种新方法或新技术的引入，成藏年代学研究取得了重要进展，实现了由传统的间接向直接研究、宏观向微观研究，以及定性向定量（或定期向定年）研究的重要转变。间接研究与直接研究相结合、宏观与微观研究相结合、定性与定量（或定期与定年）研究相结合，已成为现代成藏年代学研究发展的重要趋势，这对于叠合盆地的成藏年代与成藏史研究尤为必要。就各种成藏年代学研究方法的应用及其存在的问题进行了简要分析和讨论。  相似文献   

13.
Stepwise extraction and molecular analysis of non-recoverable oil from intact reservoir core plugs is used to provide constraints on the accumulation history of petroleum in the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah reservoirs at the Ghazal Field, Saudi Arabia. When integrated with existing tools such as oil geochemistry, gas geochemistry, stable carbon isotopes, fluid inclusions and thermal modeling, the sequential extraction approach helped decode a previously unrecognized component of the hydrocarbon accumulation history. In particular, it indicates that the region received early petroleum charges that were less mature than currently produced light oil and gas condensates, possibly from the prolific Early Silurian Qusaiba shale source rock and other sources. This has significant implications for prospecting for additional oil, particularly in the north/northwest of the Ghazal region where paleo-oil accumulations may have been displaced or spilled. The lower portion of the Unayzah reservoir (Unayzah-C) remained water-wet during early filling of the upper reservoir unit (Unayzah-A) and appears to have been filled only by a late oil charge. Anomalous molecular and carbon isotopic behavior of residual oil extracts from the uppermost segment of the Unayzah reservoir, where the free oil (first of the sequential extracts) is less mature (0.95% Rc) and isotopically lighter (δ13C?31.15‰) than the adsorbed oil (last sequential extract, 1.05% Rc; δ13C?29.65‰), suggests a late oil contribution or bitumen contamination from the overlying Khuff Formation.  相似文献   

14.
The presence of shale gas has been confirmed in almost every marine shale distribution area in North America.Formation conditions of shale gas in China are the most favorable for marine,organic-rich shale as well.But there has been little research focusing on shale gas in Qiangtang Basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,where a lot of Mesozoic marine shale formations developed.Based on the survey results of petroleum geology and comprehensive test analysis data for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,for the first time,this paper discusses characteristics of sedimentary development,thickness distribution,geochemistry,reservoir and burial depth of organic-rich shale,and geological conditions for shale gas formation in Qiangtang Basin.There are four sets of marine shale strata in Qiangtang Basin including Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation （T3x）,Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation （J2b）,Xiali Formation （J2x） and Upper Jurassic Suowa Formation （J3s）,the sedimentary types of which are mainly bathyal-basin facies,open platform-platform margin slope facies,lagoon and tidal-fiat facies,as well as delta facies.By comparing it with the indicators of gas shale in the main U.S.basins,it was found that the four marine shale formations in Qiangtang Basin constitute a multi-layer distribution of organic-rich shale,featuring a high degree of thickness and low abundance of organic matter,high thermal evolution maturity,many kinds of brittle minerals,an equivalent content of quartz and clay minerals,a high content of feldspar and low porosity,which provide basic conditions for an accumulation of shale gas resources.Xiaochaka Formation shale is widely distributed,with big thickness and the best gas generating indicators.It is the main gas source layer.Xiali Formation shale is of intermediate thickness and coverage area,with relatively good gas generating indicators and moderate gas formation potential.Buqu Formation shale and Suowa Formation shale are of relatively large thickness,and covering a small area,with poor gas generating indicators,and limited gas formation potential.The shale gas geological resources and technically recoverable resources were estimated by using geologic analogy method,and the prospective areas and potentially favorable areas for Mesozoic marine shale gas in Qiangtang Basin are forecast and analyzed.It is relatively favorable in a tectonic setting and indication of oil and gas,shale maturity,sedimentary thickness and gypsum-salt beds,and in terms of mineral association for shale gas accumulation.But the challenge lies in overcoming the harsh natural conditions which contributes to great difficulties in ground engineering and exploration,and high exploration costs.  相似文献   

15.
A collection of data obtained from analytical methods in geochemistry along with the reservoir engineering and geologic data were used to investigate the reservoir continuity in the Cretaceous Fahliyan, Gadavan, Kazhdumi and Sarvak reservoirs of the super-giant Azadegan oilfield, SW Iran. The geochemical data indicate that the oil samples, with medium to high level of thermal maturity, have been generated from the anoxic marine marl/carbonate source rock(s). The Sargelu (Jurassic) and Garau (Cretaceous) formations are introduced as the main source rocks for the studied oils. The dendrogram obtained from the cluster analysis of high-resolution gas chromatography data introduces two main oil groups including Fahliyan reservoir, and Kazhdumi along with Sarvak/Gadvan reservoirs. This is confirmed by C7 Halpern star diagram, indicating that, the light oil fraction from Fahliyan reservoir is distinct from the others. Also, different pressure gradient of the Fahliyan Formation (over-pressured) relative to other reservoirs (normally-pressured) show the presence of compartments. The relation between toluene/n-heptane and n-heptane/methylcyclohexane represents the compartmentalization due to maturation/evaporative fractionation for Fahliyan and water washing for other studied reservoirs. Also, the impermeable upper part of the Fahliyan Formation and thin interbedded shaly layers in the Kazhdumi, Sarvak and Gadvan formations have controlled reservoir compartmentalization.  相似文献   

16.
介绍了挪威埃科菲斯克油田的基本概况及油田勘探历史,描述了该盆地的演化、油气系统、区域地层及沉积相。该油田的构造类型为盐丘构造,主要的储集层为麦斯特里希特统(K2)—下古新统(丹麦阶)托尔组和埃科菲斯克组。埃科菲斯克组以构造裂隙为主,托尔组主要发育与缝合线有关的裂隙。白垩地层主要为生物成因,其成分为分解的贝壳或浮游的Cocccophorid藻颗石、浮游类和海底有孔虫类。  相似文献   

17.
A study of the form and characteristics of the reservoirs and aquifers of southwestern Tunisia has been carried out from 62 petroleum explorations and hydrogeologic wells and structural maps. The evolution of basins can be deduced from the tectonic history. The Jurassic reservoirs are represented by the Upper Nara carbonates. The petrophysical characteristics and the fracturation affecting the Nara carbonates reveal the existence of very good reservoirs. Several reservoirs have also been identified in the Lower Cretaceous. These reservoirs are made of sandy levels, interbedded with shale, carbonates and dolomites. In addition, petroleum and hydrogeologic studies have revealed that potential aquifers may occur in two provinces (near the Chott Basin and east–west faults). Most of the geological formations in the South West of Tunisia are composed of sand, sandstone and limestone, with the existence of real aquifers. To cite this article: M. Chalbaoui, H. Ben Dhia, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

18.
渤中25-1地区油气运移的输导通道及其示踪分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
渤中25-1地区是渤中坳陷重要的含油气区,具有复杂的构造演化与沉积充填史,输导通道一直是该地区成藏动力学研究的关键.采取宏观与微观相结合的研究思路,在理清研究区构造演化、沉积充填及其油气地质特征的基础上,讨论了油气运移的输导通道并对其进行了示踪分析,进而总结了该区的油气成藏模式.研究表明,长期继承性活动的基底断层是油气垂向运移的主输导通道,原油性质及地层水化学特征证实了断层的输导作用.上新统明化镇组和渐新统沙河街组渗透性储层是油气侧向运移的主要通道.沙河街组油藏具有自源压控侧向运移成藏的特点,明化镇组油藏具有它源断控垂向运移成藏的特点.  相似文献   

19.
利用油包裹体微束荧光光谱判识油气充注期次   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
基于石油的荧光性, 通过常规荧光光谱方法, 对油包裹体的荧光光谱进行定量化描述, 利用其主峰波长、最大荧光强度及红/绿商等属性参数, 根据主峰波长与最大荧光强度、主峰波长与红/绿商的相关关系特征, 可以便捷而有效地开展油气充注期次的判识.民丰洼陷沙三段岩性油气藏储层的15块流体包裹体样品检测结果表明, 发黄色荧光的油包裹体荧光光谱结构和形态相似, 其主峰波长一致; 而发蓝白色荧光的油包裹体荧光光谱具有2种类型: 一类与黄色荧光油包裹体荧光光谱结构和形态相似, 主峰波长一致, 表现出同源特征; 另一类明显发生"蓝移", 表现出异源特征.主峰波长与最大荧光强度, 以及主峰波长与红/绿商的相关关系均表现出3种特征类型.因此, 可判定民丰洼陷沙三段岩性油气藏在其地质历史时期共经历了3期油气充注.   相似文献   

20.
河流扇是陆相盆地中近年来日益受到重视的一种新沉积模式,其主要形成于干旱气候环境中。该文阐述了河流扇的概念演变与发展由来、沉积特征、鉴别标志与控砂机理等,讨论了河流扇与分支河流体系、末端扇及浅水三角洲等相关概念之间的区别与联系,认为河流扇形成主要受“分支型”河道控制,而末端扇及浅水三角洲主要受“分流型”河道控制。在对鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世古气候环境深入分析的基础上,运用河流扇概念对延长组“满盆砂”形成机制进行了重新解释。主要结论是:1）延长组沉积时期,古气候具有三分性——早期为干旱环境,中期为湿润环境,晚期再次转变为半干旱—半湿润环境;2）在干旱气候环境下,缺少大面积汇水区,以洪水搬运—事件沉积作用为主,形成了别具特色的河流扇体系,这可能是造成延长组“满盆砂”的主要原因之一;3）干旱环境河流扇砂体与潮湿环境水进域富含有机质泥岩相匹配,有利于形成大型岩性油气藏,从而使延长组由“满盆含砂”变为“满盆含油”。该研究改变了以往大型坳陷湖盆以“三角洲模式”为主导的传统认识,对丰富发展我国陆相盆地沉积理论认识及指导油气勘探实践均有积极意义。  相似文献   

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