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1.
广东陆丰硫铁矿床为一个中低温热液交代充填型脉状矿床。伴生有综合利用价值的Ｃｕ、Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ｔｅ、Ｂｉ等元素。其中Ａｕ主要呈微细粒自然金、次显微金包裹在黄铁矿中，Ａｇ主要呈自然银、螺状硫银矿等独立矿物充填在脉石矿物中。Ｔｅ、Ｂｉ呈碲铋矿、硫盐矿物嵌布在黄铁矿或充填在黄铁矿微裂隙中。多数硫盐矿物为矿区首次发现。通过矿石物质组分的研究，查清了上述元素的赋存状态，为硫铁矿床的综合评价，有益组分的合理回收提供了依据 相似文献
2.
Mineral Paragenesis of the Lepanto Copper and Gold and the Victoria Gold Deposits, Mankayan Mineral District, Philippines 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Rene Juna R. CLAVERIA 《Resource Geology》2001,51(2):97-106
Abstract: Mineral paragenesis of the alteration, ore and gangue minerals of the Lepanto epithermal copper‐gold deposit and the Victoria gold deposit, Mankayan Mineral District, Northern Luzon, Philippines, is discussed. The principal ore minerals of the Lepanto copper‐gold deposit are enargite and luzonite, with significant presence of tennantite‐tetrahedrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, native gold/electrum and gold‐silver tellurides. Pervasive alteration zonations are commonly observed from silicification outward to advanced argillic then to propylitic zone. The ore mineralogy of the Lepanto copper‐gold deposit suggests high fS2 in the early stages of mineralization corresponding to the deposition of the enargite‐luzonite‐pyrite assemblage. Subsequent decrease in the fS2 formed the chalcopyrite‐tennantite‐pyrite assemblage. An increase in the fS2 of the fluids with the formation of the covellite‐digenite‐telluride assemblage caused the deposition of native gold/electrum and gold‐silver tellurides. The principal ore minerals of the Victoria gold deposit are sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite and native gold/electrum. The alteration halos are relatively narrow and in an outward sequence from the ore, silica alteration grades to illitic‐argillic alteration, which in turn grades to propylitic alteration. The Victoria gold mineralization has undergone early stages of silica supersaturation leading to quartz deposition. Vigorous boiling increased the pH of the fluids that led to the deposition of sulfides and carbonates. The consequent decrease in H2S precipitated the gold. Gypsum and anhydrite mainly occur as overprints that cut the carbonate‐silica stages. The crosscutting and overprinting relationships of the Victoria quartz‐gold‐base metal veins on the Lepanto copper‐gold veins manifest the late introduction of near neutral pH hydrothermal fluids. 相似文献
3.
A. Cepedal M. Fuertes-Fuente A. Martín-Izard S. González-Nistal L. Rodríguez-Pevida 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2006,87(3-4):277-304
Summary Gold ores in skarns from the Río Narcea Gold Belt are associated with Bi–Te(–Se)-bearing minerals. These mineral assemblages
have been used to compare two different skarns from this belt, a Cu–Au skarn (calcic and magnesian) from the El Valle deposit,
and a Au-reduced calcic skarn from the Ortosa deposit. In the former, gold mineralization occurs associated with Cu–(Fe)-sulfides
(chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite-digenite), commonly in the presence of magnetite. Gold occurs mainly as native gold and
electrum. Au-tellurides (petzite, sylvanite, calaverite) are locally present; other tellurides are hessite, clausthalite and
coloradoite. The Bi-bearing minerals related to gold are Bi-sulfosalts (wittichenite, emplectite, aikinite, bismuthinite),
native bismuth, and Bi-tellurides and selenides (tetradymite, kawazulite, tsumoite). The speciation of Bi-tellurides with
Bi/Te(Se + S) ≤ 1, the presence of magnetite and the abundance of precious metal tellurides and clausthalite indicate fO2 conditions within the magnetite stability field that locally overlap the magnetite-hematite buffer. In Ortosa deposit, gold
essentially occurs as native gold and maldonite and is commonly related to pyrrhotite and to the replacement of l?llingite
by arsenopyrite, indicating lower fO2 conditions for gold mineralization than those for El Valle deposit. This fact is confirmed by the speciation of Bi-tellurides
and selenides (hedleyite, joséite-B, joséite-A, ikunolite-laitakarite) with Bi/Te(+ Se + S) ≥ 1. 相似文献
4.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1149-1165
The Gay deposit, situated in the Orenburg region, is identified with one of Russia's principal occurrences of pyrite (pyrite deposits are an important source of Russia's gold). It belongs to the west subzone of the Magnitogorsk synclinorium and occurs in Devonian rhyolite-basaltic volcanic rocks. The deposit comprises five large pyrite-chalcopyrite, pyrite-chalcopyrite- sphalerite, and pyrite orebodies. The supergene zone extends to 120-240 m below surface and consists of the following three subhorizontal zones (from bottom to top): the secondary sulfide enrichment, the leaching, and the oxidation zone (where ores are enriched in gold). There are two levels of secondary gold enrichment in the weathering profile. The lower level, located in the leaching zone, corresponds with the level of water table fluctuations. The rich, flat-lying horizon (1.5-10.0 m) is composed of bedded, friable native sulfur-quartz ores; it contains 19.0-52.2 ppm Au and up to 389 ppm Ag. Native gold and silver halides (chlorargyrite, iodargyrite, and embolite) are the principal precious-metal minerals. Electrum, native silver, acanthite, and uytenbogaardtite constitute the minor ones. The upper level of the enrichment is located in the lower part of gossan. This bonanza is composed of hematite-quartz ochres. Gold concentration is 13.5 to 21.2 ppm. Native gold of high fineness and silver halides apparently are associated here with poorly crystallized iron oxides. The formation of supergene gold enrichments may result partly from residual concentration and partly from mobilization and reprecipitation of the precious metal. Rich horizons form by repeated gold redeposition in accordance with weathering and a gradual erosion surface lowering. The lower bonanza forms at first in the process of oxidation involving pyrite and native sulfur. Gold may be transported by complexes with metastable sulfur oxy-anions: sulfites, thiosulfates, or polythionates. The upper enriched horizon forms in the course of further evolution of the weathering profile in the stage of hematite recrystallizaiton and its transformation into goethite. 相似文献
5.
班公湖-怒江成矿带是西藏重要的铜多金属成矿带。嘎拉勒铜金矿床是该成矿带中发现较晚、研究程度较低且具代表性的矽卡岩型铜金矿床,矿石有用组分中金、银的赋存状态研究相对开展的较少,限制了矿床进一步的综合开发利用。作者通过野外地质调查与采样,采用光学显微镜鉴定、扫描电镜观察和X射线能谱仪测试分析等手段和方法,对矿石成分组分做了详细的研究,重点研究了矿床中金、银的赋存状态及主要载金矿物的特征。嘎拉勒铜金矿床金矿物以自然金、银金矿为主,其次为金银矿,可见粒间金、裂隙金及相对较少的包裹金形式,主要的载金矿物为石英、白云石、方解石、金属氧化物、硫化物及自然铋等。银矿物主要以金银系列矿物形式存在,少量自然银与放射性元素共生,此外,还有少量辉银矿。研究成果填补了该矿区金、银赋存状态研究的空白,对矿床的开发、利用有着重要的指示意义。 相似文献
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8.
福建紫金山铜金矿床、悦洋银多金属矿床和罗卜岭斑岩型矿床同属于与陆相火山岩相关的斑岩-浅成低温热液成矿系统。通过显微镜观察、电子探针成分分析、场发射扫描电子显微镜观测和矿石元素含量分析等综合研究方法,认为紫金山铜金矿床金的赋存状态除金矿石中自然金矿物外,金还赋存于铜矿石中硫砷铜矿、蓝辉铜矿、久辉铜矿和黄铁矿中,硫砷铜矿含金性最好,金含量最高达370 μg/g;悦洋银多金属矿床银的赋存状态包括独立银矿物、亚显微银矿物和类质同象银,银的载体矿物有方铅矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿等;黄铁矿是紫金山铜金矿床和悦洋银多金属矿床中共同存在的矿物,黄铁矿成分标型特征表明两处矿床的形成均与热液有关,与前人的研究结果一致。 相似文献
9.
西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床金矿地质特征及成矿作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
甲玛铜多金属矿床按照赋矿岩石不同,共包含产于矽卡岩中的与铜共生的金矿(化)体、产于板岩-角岩中的脉状金矿(化)体、产于大理岩中的脉状金矿(化)体以及产于玢(斑)岩脉中的独立金矿(化)体4种金矿化类型。矽卡岩中的金矿化较强,全矿区金品位×厚度基本都大于1 m.g/t,存在多个富金块段;板岩中金矿化主要分布在矿区外围破碎细粒黄铁矿化硅化板岩中,角岩中金矿(化)体以富含雄黄、雌黄为特征;大理岩中金矿化较弱,矿(化)体通常呈透镜状产出;玢(斑)岩中金矿化主要产于岩脉中的石英脉内。矿石中金的赋存状态主要以独立矿物和类质同像形式存在。独立矿物形式的金以自然金、银金矿存在于铜矿物、石英、黄铁矿等载金矿物内;类质同像形式的金主要存在于以斑铜矿、黄铜矿为代表的铜矿物中。金矿物赋存状态以粒间金、包裹金为主,其次为连生金和裂隙金。笔者以甲玛铜多金属矿床金的地质特征、分布规律及赋存状态为研究基础,推测甲玛金成矿作用与幔源C-H-O流体有关,并初步建立了甲玛铜多金属矿床金成矿模型。此外,提出了运用模型开展区域及矿区下一步找矿工作的建议。 相似文献
10.
Ajit Kumar Sahoo R. Krishnamurthi Prabhakar Sangurmath 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2016,88(6):675-684
The auriferous lode in the Hira-Buddini deposit is confined to the sheared contact of amphibolite and felsic metavolcanic rock. Gold mineralization in the deposit is associated with sub-horizontal, sub–vertical, irregular and with few conjugate veins. These veins were emplaced during deformation in a ductile-brittle regime as inferred from the megascopic features and microstructures of the vein minerals. Fluid pressure was higher than the sum of the minimum principal stress and lithostatic load as well as the tensile strength of the shear zone. Crack-seal process appears to be the mechanism of vein formation. The microstructures of the vein minerals indicate a temperature of ~500ºC during the vein emplacement. In the auriferous lode, amphibolite and felsic metavolcanic rock have been subjected to intense alteration by the ore fluid with development of biotite-chlorite-tourmaline-calcite and muscovite (sericite)-chlorite-calcite-feldspar-biotite assemblages, respectively. Both the altered rocks contain significant amount of pyrite and chalcopyrite with native grains of gold and silver. Post-dating the fluid activity associated with gold mineralization, there is another stage of fluid activity manifested by the calcite veins and micro-veinlets. 相似文献
11.
Mineralogy of gold in the Elshitsa massive sulphide deposit, Sredna Gora zone, Bulgaria 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Elshitsa volcanic hosted massive sulphide deposit occurs in the central part of the Srena Gora metallogenic zone in Bulgaria.
The gold-bearing massive sulphide mineralization is considered to be the product of an island arc volcano-plutonic process
and hydrothermal activity that took place during the Late Cretaceous. In addition to the major gold-hosted opaque minerals
such as pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena there are minor phases of tennantite, goldfieldite, Se-bearing aikinite,
native silver and bornite in the massive sulphide lenses and stringer zones. Most of the sulphide minerals are Se-bearing.
All of the six mineral assemblages that were deposited during the pyrite and copper-pyrite stages of mineralization are gold-bearing.
The gold tenor as a rule is less than 1 g/t. Native gold and electrum occur as blebs or intergranular particles in the sulphide
minerals. Gold in the early massive pyrite is of submicroscopic type (< 0,1 μm) and of colloidal ori-gin. Pyrite deformation
and recrystallization in the temperature range 250°–160 °C has led to Au and Ag migration to cracks and grain boundaries of
the sulphide minerals. As a result of these process the native gold and electrum grain size increases from submicroscopic
(< 0,1 μm) in the early colloform pyrite to microscopic (0,1–100 μm) and macroscopic (> 100 μm) in the late gold-sulphide
assemblages. The electrum fineness in 41 individually studied grains varies between 780 and 992‰ with a mean of 895‰. Native
silver was found in association with bornite. Cu, Te, Sb and Bi are the most common trace-elements in gold and electrum. The
Cu-Zn-Pb association is most important as a Au-Ag-carrier. A model for gold behaviour during sulphide deformation is proposed
involving coarsening of gold grain size from the earlier to the later sulphide mineral assemblages.
Received: 4 December 1995 / Accepted: 23 September 1996 相似文献
12.
Gold Mineralization of the Gatsuurt Deposit in the North Khentei Gold Belt,Central Northern Mongolia
Mineral assemblages, chemical compositions of ore minerals, wall rock alteration and fluid inclusions of the Gatsuurt gold deposit in the North Khentei gold belt of Mongolia were investigated to characterize the gold mineralization, and to clarify the genetic processes of the ore minerals. The gold mineralization of the deposit occurs in separate Central and Main zones, and is characterized by three ore types: (i) low‐grade disseminated and stockwork ores; (ii) moderate‐grade quartz vein ores; and (iii) high‐grade silicified ores, with average Au contents of approximately 1, 3 and 5 g t?1 Au, respectively. The Au‐rich quartz vein and silicified ore mineralization is surrounded by, or is included within, the disseminated and stockwork Au‐mineralization region. The main ore minerals are pyrite (pyrite‐I and pyrite‐II) and arsenopyrite (arsenopyrite‐I and arsenopyrite‐II). Moderate amounts of galena, tetrahedrite‐tennantite, sphalerite and chalcopyrite, and minor jamesonite, bournonite, boulangerite, geocronite, scheelite, geerite, native gold and zircon are associated. Abundances and grain sizes of the ore minerals are variable in ores with different host rocks. Small grains of native gold occur as fillings or at grain boundaries of pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, galena and tetrahedrite in the disseminated and stockwork ores and silicified ores, whereas visible native gold of variable size occurs in the quartz vein ores. The ore mineralization is associated with sericitic and siliceous alteration. The disseminated and stockwork mineralization is composed of four distinct stages characterized by crystallization of (i) pyrite‐I + arsenopyrite‐I, (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite‐II, (iii) galena + tetrahedrite + sphalerite + chalcopyrite + jamesonite + bournonite + scheelite, and iv) boulangerite + native gold, respectively. In the quartz vein ores, four crystallization stages are also recognized: (i) pyrite‐I, (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite + galena + Ag‐rich tetrahedrite‐tennantite + sphalerite + chalcopyrite + bournonite, (iii) geocronite + geerite + native gold, and (iv) native gold. Two mineralization stages in the silicified ores are characterized by (i) pyrite + arsenopyrite + tetrahedrite + chalcopyrite, and (ii) galena + sphalerite + native gold. Quartz in the disseminated and stockwork ores of the Main zone contains CO2‐rich, halite‐bearing aqueous fluid inclusions with homogenization temperatures ranging from 194 to 327°C, whereas quartz in the disseminated and stockwork ores of the Central zone contains CO2‐rich and aqueous fluid inclusions with homogenization temperatures ranging from 254 to 355°C. The textures of the ores, the mineral assemblages present, the mineralization sequences and the fluid inclusion data are consistent with orogenic classification for the Gatsuurt deposit. 相似文献
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新嘎果矿床是西藏冈底斯成矿带北缘矽卡岩多金属成矿带的一个典型矽卡岩型铅锌矿床。矽卡岩矿体主要呈层状、似层状产于下白垩统塔克那组地层中。电子探针测试结果表明,矽卡岩矿物主要为钙铝榴石、钙铁辉石和绿帘石,少量的硅灰石、密绿泥石等,构成典型的钙质矽卡岩。金属矿物主要为闪锌矿、方铅矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿,少量的白铁矿、毒砂、自然铋、斜方辉铅铋矿、辉砷镍矿等。该矿床中石榴子石成分特征指示成矿环境是变化的,在早期进变质阶段由氧化环境向还原环境转变,而晚期退变质阶段由氧化环境向还原环境转变。金属矿物中闪锌矿主要为铁闪锌矿,表明其形成于中高温环境。而含铋的矿物主要为自然铋、斜方辉铅铋矿和方铅矿,并且在这些矿物中Ag和Bi的含量呈正相关性,指示铋对银的富集可能起着重要的作用;此外,铋也是新嘎果矿床重要的伴生有用元素,具有较高的综合利用价值。 相似文献
15.
内蒙古额济纳旗老硐沟金矿原生矿化与闪长玢岩脉和似斑状花岗闪长岩株有关.金-多金属矿脉产于蓟县系平头山群白云石大理岩中,主要受近E-W向和NWW向断裂控制.氧化-淋滤型金矿床的形成,乃是原生低品位金矿化和次生淋滤富集两个过程的结果.在目前采深50m的淋滤带中,金多富集在距地表10~30m范围内.氧化矿石的矿物组合为臭葱石+砷菱铅矾+褐铁矿+针铁矿+砷钙锌石+羟砷锌石+自然金+自然银+石英+蛋白石. 相似文献
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《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2007,48(10):799-810
Geology and mineralogy of the Ulakhan Au-Ag epithermal deposit (northeastern Russia, Magadan Region) are considered. A four-stage scheme of mineral formation sequence is proposed. Concentrations of Au and Ag in minerals of early and late parageneses were determined. It has been established that uytenbogaardtite is associated with native gold and hypergenesis stage minerals — goethite, hydrogoethite, or limonite replacing pyrite. The compositions of uytenbogaardtite (Ag3AuS2), acanthite (Ag2S), and native gold were studied. The composition of the Ulakhan uytenbogaardtite is compared with those of Au and Ag sulfides from other deposits. Thermodynamic calculations in the system H2O–Fe–Au–Ag–S–C–Na–Cl were carried out, which simulate the interaction of native gold and silver with O2- and CO2-saturated surface waters (carbonaceous, sulfide-carbonaceous, and chloride-sodium-carbonaceous) in the presence and absence of acanthite and pyrite at 25 °C and 1 bar. In closed pyrite-including systems, native silver and kustelite are replaced by acanthite; electrum, by uytenbogaardtite, acanthite, and pure gold; and native gold with a fineness of 700–900‰, by pure gold and uytenbogaardtite. Under the interaction with surface waters in the presence of Ag2S and pyrite, Au-Ag alloys form equilibrium assemblages with petrovskaite or uytenbogaardtite and pure gold. The calculation results confirmed that Au and Ag sulfides can form after native gold in systems involving sulfide-carbon dioxide solutions (H2Saq > 10–4 m). The modeling results support the possible formation of uytenbogaardtite and petrovskaite with the participation of native gold in the hypergenesis zone of epithermal Au-Ag deposits during the oxidation of Au(Ag)-containing pyrite, acanthite, or other sulfides. 相似文献
18.
新桥硫铁矿是一大型多金属硫化物矿床 ,矿石的主要化学成分有铜、硫、铁、铅、锌 ,并伴生有以金、银、镉为主的 13种有益组分 ,其中金矿物以自然金为主 ,大部分呈细粒分散状包裹嵌布于磁黄铁矿和黄铜矿中。银矿物主要为自然银、银金矿 ,亦呈细粒分散状包裹嵌布于脉石、磁铁矿和黄铜矿中。金银在矿床中分布不均 ,在矿体走向和向深部方向局布富集有一定规律。有必要进一步圈定金、银异常区 ,进行独立金、银矿体找矿和资源预测。本矿金、银皆属难解离型 ,建议在电解粗铜中综合回收利用 相似文献
19.
试论贵州水银洞金矿床中胶状黄铁矿的含金性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
贵州省贞丰县水银洞金矿是近几年发现的大型-特大型规模的微细粒浸染型金矿床。以往的研究中强调了黄铁矿与金的密切关系,但实践中发现并不是矿床中所有黄铁矿都含金。为了弄清黄铁矿含金性的规律,作者采集了不同品位、不同部位(矿体、顶底板及顶底板中的脉)的样品进行了详细的矿相学岩石学研究,结合电子探针、化学分析结果,同时参考了前人关于黄铁矿标型特征的研究及黔西南微细浸染型金矿的研究成果,认为本矿区黄铁矿具有多样性,而富含有机质的低温热液阶段形成的胶状黄铁矿和五角十二面体黄铁矿是矿区最重要的载金黄铁矿。含金胶状黄铁矿具有球状外形、环形收缩裂纹和龟裂纹等可识别的标志。金就富集在胶状黄铁矿及少量五角十二面体黄铁矿的外圈环带中,即富砷的外带部位,并与低硬度区相吻合。 相似文献
20.
Ore and Skarn Mineralogy of the Yamato Mine,Yamaguchi Prefecture,Japan, with Emphasis on Silver‐, Bismuth‐, Cobalt‐, and Tin‐bearing Sulfides 
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下载免费PDF全文 Assemblages and chemical compositions of ore minerals from the Yamato mine, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan, were investigated in detail to clarify its characteristics as a skarn deposit. Special attention was paid to silver‐, bismuth‐, cobalt‐, and tin‐bearing sulfide minerals and native gold at the mine, which are described here for the first time. Samples of arsenopyrite‐dominant massive ore, and garnet‐rich, clinopyroxene‐garnet‐rich, and wollastonite‐bearing skarn ores were collected from the mine dump. Arsenopyrite is the most abundant ore mineral (>80 vol.%) in the massive ore, in association with both As‐poor/free and As‐bearing pyrite. The major ore minerals in the skarn specimens are pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite, along with minor argentite, Ag‐Pb‐Bi sulfate, matildite, bismuthinite, native bismuth, molybdenite, scheelite, stannite, stannoidite, cassiterite, cobaltite, gersdorffite, and Co‐rich violarite. In addition, native gold is observed in the interstices of gangue minerals. Based on the mineral assemblages and textures of the specimens examined, the major ore minerals formed in the early stage of mineralization, and the Bi‐, Ag‐, Co‐, Ni‐, As‐ and Sn‐mineralization occurred in the middle stage. Native gold was deposited in the late stage. The estimated formation temperature of the middle mineralization stage was 312±5 °C, according to iron and zinc partitioning between stannite and coexisting sphalerite. The mineralogical properties and mineralization process of the Yamato mine are consistent with those of common skarn‐ and vein‐type ore deposits associated with ilmenite‐series granitoids in the San‐yo and San‐in districts. 相似文献