共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 537 毫秒
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孟立秋 《测绘科学技术学报》2012,(5):313-320,391
介绍了地图学在当今这个充斥着移动计算、云计算和志愿者地理信息共享的信息社会中所面临的挑战。在分析现实世界和它的多重数字化版本之间的关系的基础上,比较了政府机关部门、私营企业和志愿者提供地理信息的不同目的和特点,重点介绍了地理传感器网络采集动态数据的发展现状,强调了志愿者地理信息和开放式平台的重要意义。另外还展示了关于地理数据集成、时空建模和自适应地图设计的一些具有代表性的研究结果,并指出了3个并行发展着的研究新动向:地图混搭,增量制图和可视化分析学。 相似文献
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志愿者地理信息是用户以自发开放协作的方式生产的地理空间数据,具备生产成本低、数据更新快等优点,理解数据质量的不确定性是将其用于地理信息应用的关键。与传统地理数据生产通过标准控制数据质量的方式不同,在志愿者地理信息中,数据质量随时间推移不断优化,是一种“生成”的过程。这一过程与数据贡献的过程乃至项目发展的历程密切相关,需要基于历史数据进行分析研究。以志愿者地理信息中最具代表性的开放街道地图(OSM)项目为研究对象,结合质量和贡献者这两个该领域的重要研究方向,通过分析贡献历史来分析志愿者地理信息的数据质量如何在项目的发展过程中逐渐优化。论文主要包含以下几部分内容。 相似文献
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志愿者地理信息数据大都依靠志愿者上传,数据质量未知,阻碍了志愿者地理信息的广泛应用,因此是志愿者地理信息首要解决的问题。本文分析了影响志愿者地理信息质量的相关因素和基于参考数据评价方法的相关研究成果,在此基础上提出了一种基于参考数据的志愿者地理信息质量评价方法,以最常见的数据完整性和数据精度作为质量评价的质量元素,详细论述了这两种质量元素的内涵。针对数据完整性评价,提出了与匹配相结合的几何数据完整性度量方法和基于属性项饱和度的属性数据完整性度量方法;针对几何数据精度评价,提出了基于变缓冲区的度量方法。然后给出了该评价方法的一般流程。最后,以深圳市Open Street Map数据为例,选取最新导航数据作为参考数据进行试验验证。实验结果表明,深圳市Open Street Map数据点要素完整性较差,但是线要素完整性与精度都非常高,可以作为基础地理信息的更新数据源。 相似文献
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地理信息数据处于动态变化之中,传统的地理信息数据采集方式由少量专业单位组织,耗时长、效率低,难以满足数据的快速采集和及时更新要求。本文介绍了基于Web平台的志愿者地名地址数据采集方案,由志愿者提交地名地址数据的网站和数据库,利用互联网的高效、开放、共享等特点,实现对海量地理数据的快速采集和更新,是一种高效低廉的地理信息数据采集方式,每个用户既是地理信息的使用者,也是地理信息的提供者,可长期低成本维持地理信息数据的现势性。 相似文献
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基于天桥的几何与属性特征,提出了一种志愿者地理信息中自动识别天桥的方法。天桥从几何结构上可分为主桥和附属设施两个部分,主桥部分特征鲜明,可以视为两类分类问题,依据其几何特征和属性特征构建特征空间,利用支持向量机的方法进行识别;附属设施部分可依据已识别的天桥主桥,按照路段的长度、属性等判定规则进行识别,从而完成整个天桥的自动识别。以北京市OpenStreetMap(osm)数据进行试验验证的结果表明,本文提出的方法能有效地识别出志愿者地理信息中的典型天桥结构,可以为志愿者地理信息道路网的多尺度建模与化简、步行导航等提供帮助。 相似文献
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Assessing the Accuracy of Volunteered Geographic Information arising from Multiple Contributors to an Internet Based Collaborative Project 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
G. M. Foody L. See S. Fritz M. Van der Velde C. Perger C. Schill D. S. Boyd 《Transactions in GIS》2013,17(6):847-860
The recent rise of neogeography and citizen sensing has increased the opportunities for the use of crowdsourcing as a means to acquire data to support geographical research. The value of the resulting volunteered geographic information is, however, often limited by concerns associated with its quality and the degree to which the contributing data sources may be trusted. Here, information on the quality of sources of volunteered geographic information was derived using a latent class analysis. The volunteered information was on land cover interpreted visually from satellite sensor images and the main focus was on the labeling of 299 sites by seven of the 65 volunteers who contributed to an Internet‐based collaborative project. Using the information on land cover acquired by the multiple volunteers it was shown that the relative, but not absolute, quality of the data from different volunteers could be characterized accurately. Additionally, class‐specific variations in the quality of the information provided by a single volunteer could be characterized by the analysis. The latent class analysis, therefore, was able to provide information on the quality of information provided on an inter‐ and intra‐volunteer basis. 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(3):258-268
Mapping technologies have made considerable strides in recent decades. Global positioning systems (GPS), remote sensing satellites, Web-based mapping services, and geographic information systems (GIS) have facilitated the collection, distribution, analysis, and ultimately interaction with geospatial information. In particular, portable GPS have altered how individuals participate in mapping. Individuals can use GPS to collect tracings of their personal interactions with the environment. These interactions can then be uploaded to one of many available Web-based mapping services. Once uploaded, the geospatial data can be mapped and shared among the broader community of users. Such volunteered geographic information (VGI) exemplifies the conceptualization of an individual collecting, mapping, and sharing personal geographic information. This paper focuses on challenges surrounding VGI. To help place these challenges in a broader context, specialized Web services and GPS technologies developed for the bicycling community will serve as examples of the current status and future prospects of VGI. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTObtaining useful geographic information from the flood of user-generated geographic content (UGGC) data is of significant interest, but comes with challenges in an age of crowdsourcing. To address this issue, we adopt Maslow’s model of human needs to frame UGGC. Synthesizing across literature about volunteered geographic information and participatory GIS, we present a conceptual framework for characterizing collection of UGGC. The framework is composed of multiple dimensions and levels that include perspectives about motivations, participatory methods, and participants. We also articulate four levels of participants (stakeholders, core-engaged participants, semi-core-engaged participants, and engaged citizens) together with four work principles (communication, cooperation, coordination, and collaboration). Finally, a case study describes an example we use to evaluate the conceptual framework for its suitability in design of a UGGC system. We conclude by reflecting on how and why this framework offers a valuable perspective for deriving useful geographic information and offer future research directions. 相似文献
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Connected Geomatics in the big data era 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The development of global informatization and its integration with industrialization symbolizes that human society has entered into the big data era. This article covers seven new characteristics of Geomatics (i.e. ubiquitous sensor, multi-dimensional dynamics, integration via networking, full automation in real time, from sensing to recognition, crowdsourcing and volunteered geographic information, and service-oriented science), and puts forward the corresponding critical technical challenges in the construction of integrated space–air–ground geospatial networks. Through the discussions outlined in this paper, we propose a new development stage of Geomatics entitled ‘Connected Geomatics,’ which is defined as a multi-disciplinary science and technology that uses systematic approaches and integrates methods of spatio-temporal data acquisition, information extraction, network management, knowledge discovery, and spatial sensing and recognition, as well as intelligent location-based services pertaining to any physical objects and human activities on the earth. It is envisioned that the advancement of Geomatics will make a great contribution to human sustainable development. 相似文献
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面向灾害管理的自发地理信息研究及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对目前自发地理信息(VGI)应用于灾害管理的巨大潜力和需求,该文系统地介绍了VGI应用于灾害管理中所面临的机遇及数据可用性、数据质量、数据管理和法律议题等方面的挑战;在此基础上,针对VGI数据质量问题,结合我国灾害管理实际情况,提出了3种提高VGI数据质量的方法,即VGI数据贡献者分类与权限设计、政府引导下的灾害管理VGI数据采集框架以及VGI数据质量评估体系;最后,以开发的地震灾情信息管理原型系统为例,讨论VGI应用于灾害管理中的数据采集框架、数据模型等关键技术问题,具有一定的推广和应用价值。 相似文献
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Assessing Resistance to Volunteered Geographic Information Reporting within Local Government 
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下载免费PDF全文 Using volunteered geographic information (VGI) as a cost‐saving environmental monitoring and public participation mechanism has been thought to be a proof of concept to assist environmental decision‐making with insufficient managerial resources. However, research literature also often found institutional resistance when implementing VGI as part of the decision‐making process. This research develops a conceptual framework as the foundation to conduct a cross‐case comparison for four empirical cases in recreation and invasive species monitoring, but general enough for other such case comparisons. The VGI Reporting Assessment Framework (VGI‐RAF) adopted aspects of the Decision Situation Assessment (DSA) framework as the foundation to address institutional flexibility, stakeholder dynamics, and technical considerations. Using a cross‐case comparison can accumulate deep observations from cases and increase validity of insights through comparing processes. Results show that eight aspects of the VGI‐RAF reveal the suitability of embedding voluntary information within existing institutional decision‐making processes. VGI‐RAF depicts considerations for: (1) existing participation arrangements, (2) institutional arrangements, (3) managers’ needs and stakeholder expectation, and (4) interaction mechanism and technical needs. The cross‐comparison results indicate that a public participation mechanism should be accompanied by VGI development to increase effectiveness. Institutional arrangements should match local government's information needs with participants’ expectations. Knowledge gaps between institutional information needs and volunteer knowledge should be filled through technology enhancements. For ease of implementation and to promote long‐term success, we recommend that volunteered information be connected with existing communication channels to minimize changes to existing information systems. 相似文献