共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
Wen CHEN Lin WANG Juan FENG Zhiping WEN Tiaojiao MA Xiuqun YANG Chenghai WANG 《大气科学进展》2019,36(9):887-901
Located in a monsoon domain,East Asia suffers devastating natural hazards induced by anomalous monsoon behaviors.East Asian monsoon(EAM)research has traditionally been a high priority for the Chinese climate community and is particularly challenging in a changing climate where the global mean temperature has been rising.Recent advances in studies of the variabilities and mechanisms of the EAM are reviewed in this paper,focusing on the interannual to interdecadal time scales.Some new results have been achieved in understanding the behaviors of the EAM,such as the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM),including both its onset and withdrawal over the South China Sea,the changes in the northern boundary activity of the EASM,or the transitional climate zone in East Asia,and the cycle of the EASM and the East Asian winter monsoon and their linkages.In addition,understanding of the mechanism of the EAM variability has improved in several aspects,including the impacts of different types of ENSO on the EAM,the impacts from the Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean,and the roles of mid-to high-latitude processes.Finally,some scientific issues regarding our understanding of the EAM are proposed for future investigation. 相似文献
2.
Jianping LI Tiejun XIE Xinxin TANG Hao WANG Cheng SUN Juan FENG Fei ZHENG Ruiqiang DING 《大气科学进展》2022,39(4):625-642
In this paper,we investigate the influence of the winter NAO on the multidecadal variability of winter East Asian surface air temperature(EASAT)and EASAT decadal prediction.The observational analysis shows that the winter EASAT and East Asian minimum SAT(EAmSAT)display strong in-phase fluctuations and a significant 60-80-year multidecadal variability,apart from a long-term warming trend.The winter EASAT experienced a decreasing trend in the last two decades,which is consistent with the occurrence of extremely cold events in East Asia winters in recent years.The winter NAO leads the detrended winter EASAT by 12-18 years with the greatest significant positive correlation at the lead time of 15 years.Further analysis shows that ENSO may affect winter EASAT interannual variability,but does not affect the robust lead relationship between the winter NAO and EASAT.We present the coupled oceanic-atmospheric bridge(COAB)mechanism of the NAO influences on winter EASAT multidecadal variability through its accumulated delayed effect of~15 years on the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO)and Africa-Asia multidecadal teleconnection(AAMT)pattern.An NAO-based linear model for predicting winter decadal EASAT is constructed on the principle of the COAB mechanism,with good hindcast performance.The winter EASAT for 2020-34 is predicted to keep on fluctuating downward until~2025,implying a high probability of occurrence of extremely cold events in coming winters in East Asia,followed by a sudden turn towards sharp warming.The predicted 2020/21 winter EASAT is almost the same as the 2019/20 winter. 相似文献
3.
Forecasting Quasi-stationary Front Rainstorm in Southeast China Using Synthetically Multilevel Analog Forecast Technology 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The authors use numerical model integral products in a third level forecast of synthetically multi-level analog forecast technology.This is one of the strongest points of this study,which also includes the re-ducing mean vacant-forecast rate method,which pos-sesses many advantages with regard to filtering the analog term.Moreover,the similitude degree between samples is assessed using a combination of meteorological elements,which works better than that described using a single element in earlier analog forecast studies.Based on these techniques,the authors apply the model output,air sounding,surface observation and weather map data from 1990 to 2002 to perform an analog experiment of the quasi-stationary front rainstorm.The most important re-sults are as follows:(1) The forecast successful index is 0.36,and was improved after the forecast model was re-vised.(2) The forecast precise rate (0.59) and the lost-forecast rate (0.33) are also better than those of other methods.(3) Based on the model output data,the syn-thetically multilevel analog forecast technology can pro-duce more accurate forecasts of a quasi-stationary front rainstorm.(4) Optimal analog elements reveal that trig-gering mechanisms are located in the lower troposphere while upper level systems are more important in main-taining the phase of the rainstorm.These variables should be first taken into account in operational forecasts of the quasi-stationary front rainstorm.(5) In addition,experi-ments reveal that the position of the key zone is mainly decided by the position of the system causing the heavy rainfall. 相似文献
4.
5.
江西省减灾委员会办公室 《气象与减灾研究》2007,30(1):I0002-I0002
受气候异常影响,2006年江西自然灾害总体发生水平与常年相比,属偏重发生年份。全省自然灾害主要以台风、暴雨洪涝、雷电、地质灾害、农林生物灾害为主。其中风雹、雷电灾害频繁,雷电死亡人数 相似文献
6.
Jiangbo JIN Xiao DONG Juanxiong HE Yi YU Hailong LIU Minghua ZHANG Qingcun ZENG He ZHANG Xin GAO Guangqing ZHOU Yaqi WANG 《大气科学进展》2022,39(1):55-66
State-of-the-art coupled general circulation models(CGCMs)are used to predict ocean heat uptake(OHU)and sealevel change under global warming.However,the projections of different models vary,resulting in high uncertainty.Much of the inter-model spread is driven by responses to surface heat perturbations.This study mainly focuses on the response of the ocean to a surface heat flux perturbation F,as prescribed by the Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project(FAFMIP).The results of ocean model were compared with those of a CGCM with the same ocean component.On the global scale,the changes in global mean temperature,ocean heat content(OHC),and steric sea level(SSL)simulated in the OGCM are generally consistent with CGCM simulations.Differences in changes in ocean temperature,OHC,and SSL between the two models primarily occur in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans(AA)and the Southern Ocean(SO)basins.In addition to the differences in surface heat flux anomalies between the two models,differences in heat exchange between basins also play an important role in the inconsistencies in ocean climate changes in the AA and SO basins.These discrepancies are largely due to both the larger initial value and the greater weakening change of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC)in CGCM.The greater weakening of the AMOC in the CGCM is associated with the atmosphere–ocean feedback and the lack of a restoring salinity boundary condition.Furthermore,differences in surface salinity boundary conditions between the two models contribute to discrepancies in SSL changes. 相似文献
7.
It is generally agreed that El Nino can be classified into East Pacific(EP)and Central Pacific(CP)types.Nevertheless,little is known about the relationship between these two types of El Ni?o and land surface climate elements.This study investigates the linkage between EP/CP El Ni?o and summer streamflow over the Yellow and Yangtze River basins and their possible mechanisms.Over the Yellow River basin,the anomalous streamflow always manifests as positive(negative)in EP(CP)years,with a correlation coefficient of 0.39(-0.37);while over the Yangtze River basin,the anomalous streamflow shows as positive in both EP and CP years,with correlation coefficients of 0.72 and 0.48,respectively.Analyses of the surface hydrological cycle indicate that the streamflow is more influenced by local evapotranspiration(ET)than precipitation over the Yellow River basin,while it is dominantly affected by precipitation over the Yangtze River basin.The different features over these two river basins can be explained by the anomalous atmospheric circulation,which is cyclonic(anticyclonic)north(south)of 30°N over East Asia.EP years are dominated by two anticyclones,which bring strong water vapor convergence and induce more precipitation but less ET,and subsequently increase streamflow and flooding risks.In CP years,especially over the Yellow River basin,two cyclones dominate and lead to water vapor divergence and reduce moisture arriving.Meanwhile,the ET enhances mainly due to local high surface air temperature,which further evaporates water from the soil.As a result,the streamflow decreases,which will then increase the drought risk. 相似文献
8.
Guifu ZHANG Vivek N.MAHALE Bryan J.PUTNAM Youcun QI Qing CAO ANDrew D.BYRD Petar BUKOVCIC Dusan S.ZRNIC Jidong GAO Ming XUE Youngsun JUNG Heather D.REEVES Pamela L.HEINSELMAN AlexANDer RYZHKOV Robert D.PALMER Pengfei ZHANG Mark WEBER Greg M.MCFARQUHAR Berrien MOORE III Yan ZHANG Jian ZHANG J.VIVEKANANDAN Yasser AL-RASHID Richard L.ICE Daniel S.BERKOWITZ Chong-chi TONG Caleb FULTON Richard J.DOVIAK 《大气科学进展》2019,36(6):571-588
After decades of research and development, the WSR-88 D(NEXRAD) network in the United States was upgraded with dual-polarization capability, providing polarimetric radar data(PRD) that have the potential to improve weather observations,quantification, forecasting, and warnings. The weather radar networks in China and other countries are also being upgraded with dual-polarization capability. Now, with radar polarimetry technology having matured, and PRD available both nationally and globally, it is important to understand the current status and future challenges and opportunities. The potential impact of PRD has been limited by their oftentimes subjective and empirical use. More importantly, the community has not begun to regularly derive from PRD the state parameters, such as water mixing ratios and number concentrations, used in numerical weather prediction(NWP) models.In this review, we summarize the current status of weather radar polarimetry, discuss the issues and limitations of PRD usage, and explore potential approaches to more efficiently use PRD for quantitative precipitation estimation and forecasting based on statistical retrieval with physical constraints where prior information is used and observation error is included. This approach aligns the observation-based retrievals favored by the radar meteorology community with the model-based analysis of the NWP community. We also examine the challenges and opportunities of polarimetric phased array radar research and development for future weather observation. 相似文献
9.
Xiangdong ZHANG Yunfei FU Zhe HAN James E.OVERLAND Annette RINKE Han TANG Timo VIHMA Muyin WANG 《大气科学进展》2022,39(4):553-565
Three striking and impactful extreme cold weather events successively occurred across East Asia and North America during the mid-winter of 2020/21.These events open a new window to detect possible underlying physical processes.The analysis here indicates that the occurrences of the three events resulted from integrated effects of a concurrence of anomalous thermal conditions in three oceans and interactive Arctic-lower latitude atmospheric circulation processes,which were linked and influenced by one major sudden stratospheric warming(SSW).The North Atlantic warm blob initiated an increased poleward transient eddy heat flux,reducing the Barents-Kara seas sea ice over a warmed ocean and disrupting the stratospheric polar vortex(SPV)to induce the major SSW.The Rossby wave trains excited by the North Atlantic warm blob and the tropical Pacific La Nina interacted with the Arctic tropospheric circulation anomalies or the tropospheric polar vortex to provide dynamic settings,steering cold polar air outbreaks.The long memory of the retreated sea ice with the underlying warm ocean and the amplified tropospheric blocking highs from the midlatitudes to the Arctic intermittently fueled the increased transient eddy heat flux to sustain the SSW over a long time period.The displaced or split SPV centers associated with the SSW played crucial roles in substantially intensifying the tropospheric circulation anomalies and moving the jet stream to the far south to cause cold air outbreaks to a rarely observed extreme state.The results have significant implications for increasing prediction skill and improving policy decision making to enhance resilience in“One Health,One Future”. 相似文献
10.
11.
介绍自动气象雨量站SL3-1雨量传感器在使用中出现故障现象及改进方法,对台站维护起着参考作用。 相似文献
12.
13.
利用Google earth调查气象台站环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用Google earth地图软件,可查看台站周围的环境,测定干扰源距地面观测场围栏的距离,并分析干扰源与观测状况。该软件可以帮助了解台站周围土地使用情况,登记周围障碍物,绘制台站和四周情况平面示意图。 相似文献
14.
利用2005—2013年4—6月南岳站逐时风场观测资料、常规探空资料、自动站雨量资料及NCEP/NCAR全球再分析资料（2.5°×2.5°）,分析南岳站气象要素对对流层低层环流场的代表性以及该站风演变对汛期赣北暴雨的指示作用。主要结果是：（1）南岳站逐日风与NCEP资料850 h Pa风场相关系数最大中心（0.72~0.78）位于南岳山附近,该站风对当地850 h Pa风具有较好的代表性;该站风与NCEP资料850 h Pa风场的平均相关系数（0.75）较之其与925 h Pa风场的平均相关系数（0.68）高,证明该站风与当地850 h Pa风场特征更接近。（2）探空站与南岳站距离越近（远）,其各种气象要素的相关性越好（差）,进一步证实南岳站气象要素对当地850 h Pa相应要素具有较好的代表性。（3）汛期,当满足＂南岳山西南风＋切变指标＂时,未来24 h赣北出现局部或区域暴雨的概率达89.8%;当满足＂南岳山西南风＋切变指标＂时,且当日20时至次日08时南岳站由非西南风转为西南风或由弱西南风转为较强西南风后,可预报未来4~18 h（平均10 h）赣北开始产生暴雨;赣北出现暴雨后,当南岳站由持续西南风转为偏北风后1~3 h强降水区开始逐步南压东移,6~17 h（平均10.5 h）后强降水区南压或东移出赣北。 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
利用1961～2007年北京地区降水资料,采用气候倾向率、多项式曲线拟合和Morlet小波分析方法,对北京地区暴雨的气候特征及变化趋势进行了分析,结果表明:1）北京地区暴雨有明显的月变化特征,8月上旬(北京奥运会开幕式前后)是北京地区暴雨出现最为集中的时期。2）1961～2007年北京地区暴雨日数总体表现为波动式的缓慢下降,沙河暴雨日数的下降趋势最不明显,西郊居中,南苑暴雨日数的下降趋势最明显。3）暴雨日数的增减变化具有阶段性特征,1990年前南苑暴雨日数的变化与沙河、西郊有着完全相反的变化趋势。4）北京地区暴雨日数变化具有多重周期性,南苑、西郊和沙河暴雨周期日数不同。
相似文献
20.
论江西气象综合观测体系改革与建设 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《江西省气象局业务技术体制改革实施方案》编写组 《气象与减灾研究》2005,28(4):19-23
介绍了江西现有的气象综合观测体系,并就江西气象综合观测体系改革与建设的内容进行了论述,认为江西气象综合观测体系的改革与建设,应按照中国气象局调整“国家气候观象台、国家气象观测站、区域气象观测站”3类台站布局,构建“国家气候监测网、国家天气观测网、国家专业气象观测网和区域气象观测网”的总体要求,坚持全面性、开放性、可行性和连续性相统一的原则,根据一站多用、一站多能和一体化、集约化的原则,结合江西经济社会发展、国家安全和可持续发展的实际需要,对全省各台站进行统筹规划、科学布局,形成一站多点、一站多能、满足多轨道业务需求的综合气象观测网。 相似文献