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1.
The geochemical characteristics of crude oils and reservoir core extracts from the Kuche petroleum system are described and studied systematically by means of various geochemical techniques and methods to acquire molecular information. The results suggest crude oils from the petroleum system can be divided into two groups: marine oils and non-marine oils. The former represents the dominant oils found in the area. Tar mats were firstly discovered and determined accurately in terrestrial oil and gas reservoirs, with Lower Tertiary sandstone reservoirs in the Yaha oilfield of the Tarim Basin. However, based on the ratio of 20S/(20S 20R)C29 sterane as a maturity parameter, lacustrine oils filled into the Tertiary reservoirs in the direction toward the western part of the petroleum system. In contrast, according to the fact that methylcyclohexane indices of eastern oils are greater than those of western oils, the location in which coalgenerated oils filled into the Tertiary reservoirs lies in the eastern part of the petroleum system.  相似文献   

2.
Based on the chromatograms of oils and saturated hydrocarbons, biomarkers and stable carbon isotope analyses, the geochemical characteristics and oil family Classification of crude oils from the Markit Slope in the southwest of the Tarim Basin were investigated. The results showed that crude oils from the Markit Slope are divided into two oil family Classification. Oils collected from the Bashituo oilfield in the western part of the Markit Slope are characterized by high contents of tricyclic terpanes, pregnane, and homopregnane, low contents of garmmacerane (G/H<0.20), dibenzofuran, and methyl cyclohexane, and light stable carbon isotopic values (the δ13C values of satu-rated hydrocarbons and aromatic components are less than -34‰ and -32‰, respectively), with the distribution type of steranes being C27>>C28 -32‰ and -30.6‰, respectively), with the distribution type of steranes being C27>C28<相似文献   

3.
Xifeng area is a key oil and gas exploration and development area in the Ordos Basin. The Chang 2 oil group of Yanchang Formation is an important replacement oil‐bearing horizon in this area. The sterane compounds in the saturated hydrocarbons of crude oil contain abundant geochemical information and can reflect the source of parent materials and the maturity of crude oil, so they are important information carriers for oil source correlation(Huang et al., 1991; Duan, et al., 2001). In this paper, the crude oil samples were systematically collected from the reservoirs of Chang 2 oil group in 10 production wells in Xifeng area and the group compounds of crude oil were separated. The separated saturated hydrocarbon components were tested by chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and the sterane compounds were identified and analyzed. The geochemical characteristics of the sterane in the saturated hydrocarbons of crude oil and their geological significance could provide a scientific basis for the oil source correlation of Chang 2 oil group at late stage.  相似文献   

4.
杨琨  杨柏林 《矿物学报》1996,16(3):321-326
采用航空短波红外分光谱遥感技术,在新疆准噶尔盆地和塔里木盆地某些油气区,进行直接寻找油气资源的试验研究后发现,油气区含油岩系,油气藏上方盖层土壤的光谱在2300和2350nm波段具有双吸收特征。  相似文献   

5.
 采用黄金管限定体系,对塔里木盆地牙哈、哈得原油样品进行了热模拟实验,研究了原油样品热裂解生成气态烃的产率特征及其动力学参数。结果表明,牙哈、哈得原油样品裂解具有高的C1-5产率(738.87 ml/g、598.98 ml/g)和C2-5产率(256.85 ml/g、188.63 ml/g)。牙哈、哈得原油样品裂解成气动力学参数存在差异:牙哈原油样品裂解气甲烷、乙烷、丙烷生成的活化能范围分别为(66~83)×4.186 kJ/mol、(59~72)×4.186 kJ/mol、(59~65)×4.186 kJ/mol,频率因子各为2.07×1016s-1、1.0×1014s-1、1.0×1014s-1;哈得原油样品裂解气甲烷、乙烷、丙烷生成的活化能范围分别为(63~84)×4.186 kJ/mol、(57~63)×
4.186 kJ/mol、(58~70)×4.186 kJ/mol,频率因子各为1.42×1016s-1、1.0×1014s-1、1.0×1014s-1。以塔东地区满东1气藏为例进行了动力学模拟应用研究,认为原油的大量裂解为满东1气藏提供了主要气源。  相似文献   

6.
塔里木盆地牙哈凝析气田地质特征与开发机理研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
塔里木盆地牙哈凝析气田具有地层压力高、凝析油含量高和露点压力高等显著特点。在分析其主要地质特征的基础上建立了地质模型来准确地预测储层中影响注气效果的高渗透层的分布规律。通过对凝析气田地质特征和开发机理的深入研究,发现对于高渗、高含油的凝析气藏,由于凝析油临界流动饱和度较低,可以采用衰竭式开发方式;而对于储层物性较差的高含油凝析气藏,则适合保持压力开发。据此不仅建成了我国凝析油产能规模最大的凝析气田--牙哈凝析气田,还在多个气田开发前期评价及柯克亚凝析气田综合调整中得到广泛应用,在开发实践中形成了一套适合于塔里木盆地超深高压凝析气藏的开发技术系列。  相似文献   

7.
华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层S-Se同位素体系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张斌  朱光有  苏劲  卢玉红 《地学前缘》2012,19(4):276-283
为了进一步理解华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层的物质来源及形成环境,文中分析了遵义中南村和张家界后坪两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层及其围岩的黄铁矿硫同位素和全岩的硒同位素组成。硫同位素组成显示两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层形成时的环境存在区域性差别,中南村矿层形成于间歇开放的海洋环境,而后坪矿层形成于封闭的缺氧(静海)环境。较大的硫同位素范围暗示硫酸盐还原菌控制硫同位素的分馏,而热液流体可能提供了大量金属元素,从而导致矿层富集大量的硫化物和稀有金属。硒同位素组成指示牛蹄塘组底部热液流体的Se可能重新经历了氧化还原循环,而Se的富集过程可能受有机质和粘土矿物吸附或类质同象过程控制。因此,控制多金属富集的因素主要为富集金属的热液流体的参与和缺氧环境下的自生沉积。  相似文献   

8.
柯坪隆起区是塔里木盆地海相烃源岩露头发育较好的地区之一,但相关的油气研究报道不多。本文详细研究了塔里木盆地柯坪隆起区油苗的有机地球化学特征并进行了相关的成因分析。阿克苏油苗经历了严重的生物降解作用,饱和烃生物标志物所能提供的成因信息十分有限。原油沥青质组分及储层吸附/包裹烃受后生作用影响较小,综合分析油苗沥青质热解产物与吸附/包裹烃的生物标志物及其碳同位素组成可以获得更多有效的成因信息。研究结果表明,阿克苏油苗与其储层吸附/包裹烃具有不同来源。油苗、沥青质以及沥青质热解产物的碳同位素特征与已经报道的多数海相原油及其沥青质较为接近,与典型的寒武系烃源来源的原油差异显著。而储层吸附/包裹烃与已报道的典型寒武系烃源岩来源油的生物标志物及碳同位素特征比较类似,可能形成于较高的热演化阶段。  相似文献   

9.
1 Introduction Since the 1990’s of the 20th century, oil & gas geochemists have shifted their research focus on hydrocarbon source rocks in the past to that on reservoir rocks and oil reservoirs at present; their research field has been expanded from oil & gas exploration to the assessment of oil reservoirs and production & management. Therefore, reservoir geochemistry as a branch disciplinary of organic geochemistry is now attracting great concern of many oil & gas explorers and oilfield en…  相似文献   

10.
油层不同开采时期原油组分变化特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
陈祖林  朱扬明  陈奇 《沉积学报》2002,20(1):169-173
运用有机地球化学分离、分析技术对取自塔里木盆地的东河、塔中和轮南油田不同时期开采出的原油样品进行剖析,研究其宏观组成和微观分子在时空上的变化规律。分析结果表明,原油饱 /芳比值随开采时间的推移呈下降的趋势;饱和烃与非烃 +沥青质的含量变化有很好的相关性。随着开采时间的增长,原油中正构烷烃的主峰碳数后移,原油的轻 /重组分比降低。原油碱性氮、有机酸等非烃类化合物随开采时间的推移也呈降低的趋势。这些变化与原油在驱替过程中的自然色层吸附作用机理和原油中各种组分的相互作用关系有关。该项研究对于深入探索驱油机理、预测原油润湿性和提高采收率具有重要的实际意义。  相似文献   

11.
海相原油沥青质作为特殊气源的生气特征及其地质应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
应用高压封闭体系,对塔里木盆地海相原油中的沥青质组分进行了热裂解模拟实验,从气态烃产率及碳同位素演化、焦沥青的生成等方面,探讨了沥青质作为特殊气源的生气机理。运用Kinetics动力学软件,计算得到沥青质裂解的动力学参数(活化能和指前因子),在此基础上,将模拟实验结果外推至地质条件下,探讨其动力学模型的实际应用。结果表明,沥青质裂解气在Easy%Ro值0.8左右开始生成,在Easy%Ro值2.65左右其转化率达到1。Easy%Ro为0.9时沥青质裂解进入主生气期(转化率0.1),Easy%Ro为2.3时主生气期结束(转化率0.9)。研究成果可为中国海相层系裂解气的判识、资源评价及勘探决策等提供实验和理论依据。  相似文献   

12.
Exchange of carbon bound hydrogen has been observed when alkenes, saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons are heated at moderate temperatures on carbonaceous surfaces (activated carbon and coal). Isomerisation of alkenes and the formation of hydrogenated/dehydrogenated products from the saturated and aromatic reactants resulted. A suite of crude oils from the Carnarvon Basin (Western Australia) have been analysed with a view to comparing their relative abundances of structurally similar hydrocarbons. The consistent relationships between hydrocarbons in crude oils that are chemically related via hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions suggest that a hydrogen exchange process similar to that demonstrated in laboratory experiments occurs during crude oil formation in sedimentary rocks.  相似文献   

13.
混源油气定量研究思路与方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
混源研究是油气成藏机理研究的重要内容,是油气勘探方向不可回避的现实问题.以东营凹陷为例,提出多数盆地都具备油气混源的必要条件,混源现象普遍存在但具有明显的非均质性.以塔中地区为例,指出烃类指标、同位素、包裹体等地球化学测试手段是识别混源油的重要途径.密度驱动混合作用和分子扩散是油气混合的重要机制,受油源、混合时间与隔层等多种因素的控制,不同油气藏具有不同的油气混合尺度.混源定量方法主要包括:应用烃类指标或参数进行的二端元、三端元线性与非线性混源定量法、碳同位素混源定量法、模拟实验法、排烃量计算物质平衡法.建立适用于多源混合、包含多项指标、采用更优化的混合定量数学模型如与高分辨率气相色谱指纹相结合的ANN神经网络数学模拟的混源定量计算,将有效提高混源定量精度.  相似文献   

14.
油气藏中沥青垫的研究进展   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
沥青垫是油气藏中沥青质相当富集的含油储层带,其沥青质的相对含量为20% ̄60%,而对应的油层中其值不足20%,沥青垫在凝析油气藏和轻质油藏中出现的频率高,常位于非渗透性隔层之上的高孔隙和较高水平渗透率的砂岩储层中,研究表明沥青垫的主要形成机理为:脱沥青作用,重力分离作用,生物降解作用和油-水相互作用,石油运移作用。  相似文献   

15.
通过典型原油混合实验及其产物的地球化学剖析,揭示当煤成油和下第三系原油混合时,随着下第三系原油的增加,C19三环萜烷,C24四环萜烷,C30重排藿烷,C29甾烷和重排甾烷逐渐变小;而姥鲛烷和植烷,伽马蜡烷和C27甾烷含量则逐渐增加。利用饱和烃生物标志物和芳烃化合物绝对浓度的变化规律,建立了冀中坳陷苏桥-文安地区混源油定量识别模式图版。根据混源油识别的模式,判断苏49井的混源油是由10%的下第三系原油和90%的煤成油混合而成;相反文1021井混源油则是由90%的下第三系原油和10%的煤成油混合而成。  相似文献   

16.
利用MAT252同位素质谱仪分析了塔里木盆地塔北隆起深层海相油藏中原油及族组分的碳同位素组成。研究表明该区深层海相油藏中原油的全油碳同位素组成主要受生源控制,受热力作用影响较小;而在继承生源的碳同位素组成的基础上,热力作用将对原油族组分的碳同位素组成及其逆转和分馏产生重要影响。总的趋势是随着油藏埋藏深度的增大和热力作用的加强,饱和烃组分的碳同位素组成逐渐变重,而沥青质组分的碳同位素组成不断变轻,族组分碳同位素逆转程度和分馏程度有所加强,并出现饱和烃﹥芳烃﹥非烃﹥沥青质的整体逆转现象。塔北隆起深层海相原油族组分的碳同位素组成的纵向变化特征,可以反映出热力作用对原油稳定性的影响。  相似文献   

17.
渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷滩海地区奥陶系原油油源分析   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
近年来渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷的油气勘探取得了重大突破。在滩海区奥陶系古潜山钻遇工业性高产油气流,使奥陶系古潜山成为南堡油田重要勘探目的层之一,但目前对奥陶系主要产油层中油气的来源问题仍存在着不同的认识。通过对奥陶系原油与古近系沙三段、沙一段和东三段3套烃源岩的地球化学特征进行对比研究,并结合奥陶系油气成藏特征,探讨了奥陶系原油的油源。结果表明:南堡油田奥陶系原油生物标志化合物特征和稳定碳同位素组成与沙三段烃源岩的相似,二者具有较好的亲缘关系;同时,区域性的不整合面、油源断层可以成为沟通奥陶系古潜山储层与沙三段油源的运移通道;奥陶系原油主要来源于沙三段烃源岩。  相似文献   

18.
This work discussed the origins, alteration and accumulation processes of the oil and gas in the Kekeya gas condensate field based on molecular compositions, stable carbon isotopes, light hydrocarbons, diamondoid hydrocarbons and biomarker fingerprints. A comparison study is also made between the geochemical characteristics of the Kekeya hydrocarbons and typical marine and terrigenous hydrocarbons of the Tarim Basin. Natural gas from the Kekeya gas condensate field is derived from Middle–Lower Jurassic coal measures while the condensates are derived from Carboniferous–Permian marine source rocks with a higher maturity. In the study area, both natural gas and condensates have experienced severe water washing. A large amount of methane was dissolved into the water, resulting in a decrease in the dryness coefficient. Water washing also makes the carbon isotopic compositions of the natural gas more negative and partially reverse. Considering that the gas maturities are higher than once expected, gas generation intensity in the study area should be much stronger and the gas related to the Jurassic coal measures could promise a greater prospecting potential. As a result of evaporative fractionation, the Kekeya condensates are enriched in saturates and lack aromatics. Evaporative fractionation disguises the original terrigenous characteristics of the light hydrocarbons associated with the natural gas, making it appear marinesourced. Thus, alteration processes should be fully taken into consideration when gas–source correlations are carried out based on light hydrocarbons. With the condensates discovered in the study area all being "migration phase", the pre-salt Cretaceous and Jurassic reservoirs may promise great exploration potential for the "residual phase" hydrocarbons. This research not only is of significance for oil and gas exploration in the southwest Tarim Basin, but also sheds light on the oil/gas-source correlations in general.  相似文献   

19.
青海柴达木盆地南八仙油气田油源与成藏机理   总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11  
柴达木盆地南八仙油气田不同油气藏间原油性质特征变化明显,油层在纵向井段上分布范围逾3000余m。通过地球化学实验并结合构造等地质条件分析,认为该区各种深、浅层油气藏中的原油具有煤成烃的基本地球化学特征,并且为同一来源,油源为临近地区较深部位中侏罗统煤系地层;该区深、浅层原油物性间的差异也反映在地球化学指标上,其成因或成藏机理是:深部早期油藏在断裂等地质作用下发生了明显的蒸发分馏作用,其分馏出的产物在浅部再次聚集成藏。  相似文献   

20.
塔里木盆地北部奥陶系油气相态及其成因分析   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5  
塔里木盆地北部地区奥陶系是最重要的勘探层系,油气资源丰富;同时油气相态复杂多样,既有凝析气藏、正常油藏,也有稠油油藏、沥青等。通过对油气藏形成演化与保存过程的系统分析,结合油气地球化学和流体包裹体等分析数据,发现油气相态的多样性与油气多期次充注与次生蚀变作用有关。提出塔北隆起的东部奥陶系存在三期油气充注过程,分别发生在加里东运动晚期-海西早期、海西运动晚期、喜马拉雅运动晚期,原油主要来源于中、上奥陶统烃源岩,天然气主要来自与寒武系烃源岩有关的液态烃的裂解;塔北隆起的中西部奥陶系的油气充注主要发生在海西运动晚期。塔北奥陶系油藏形成以后,经历了三期明显的调整改造过程:海西早期构造抬升导致志留-泥盆系遭受剥蚀,东部源自寒武系油气的古油藏遭受破坏,形成沥青;三叠系沉积前的晚海西运动,使得奥陶系生源的油藏大范围遭受降解稠化;晚喜山期,来自于满加尔坳陷的天然气自东向西充注,致使隆起东部早期形成的油藏发生强烈的气侵改造,形成次生凝析气藏。而中西部奥陶系油藏在三叠系沉积前遭受降解稠化后,一直处于沉降深埋过程,油藏得到有效保存;由于成藏时间较早,轻质组分散失较多,气油比极低,油质较稠。研究认为,油气相态的多样性主要受晚海西期构造运动的抬升造成的生物降解作用和喜马拉雅晚期构造运动造成的天然气自东向西大规模充注对油藏进行气洗改造两大过程的控制。  相似文献   

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