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MAPGIS在数字制图上的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以１：５万区调填图为例,阐述了ＭＡＰＧＩＳ的数字制图技术。主要讲述了数字制图过程中准备工作、工作流程和操作方法。对操作方法上数据输入、数据处理、误差校正、图幅接边、质量检查和图幅输出进行了详细的阐述。。 相似文献
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基于MAPGIS的西藏羌塘地区地质构造图数字制图技术 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
新一轮国土资源大调查将全面引入地理信息系统和计算机技术，GIS软件为地质图件数字制图提供了现代化的技术手段，MAPGIS是国产首选GIS软件平台，具有较强的机助制图功能，自引入区调工作以来，已取得了长足的发展。西藏羌塘地区构造复杂，地质内容丰富，以该地区1：50万地质图和1：100万构造图为例，阐述了MAPGIS的数字制图技术。重点对数据准备、流程设计、矢量化、坐标网、误差校正、图幅拼接、拓扑造区、线参数编辑、色彩搭配、拷贝技术等进行详细阐述。 相似文献
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目前地理信息系统的制图功能广泛应用地国土资源大调查中，作者结合自己的工作体会，介绍一个微机辅助制图的工作方法和步骤：图层设置，矢量化，误差校正，图幅拼接，图幅整饰和图形输出。 相似文献
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本文以 1∶5万里庄幅为例 ,阐述了运用GIS系统对区调过程中各种资料的处理与编辑方法 ,并介绍了数字制图方法及工艺流程 ,提出了GIS系统在 1∶5万区调工作中的应用前景 相似文献
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为配合中国地质调查局近两年研制开发的计算机野外填图系统的改进和完善，中国地质调查局于2002年设立了青海民和县幅等4幅1：25万图幅作为数字地质填图的试点性图幅。中国地质大学地质调查院在民和县幅数字地质填图的野外和室内工作中，为“数字填图系统(RGMAP)”的全方位测试与改善发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
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本文以1：5万里庄幅为例，阐述了运用G1S系统对区调过程中各种资料的处理与编辑方法，并介绍了数字制图方法及工艺流程，提出了GIS系统在1：5万区调工作中的应用前景。 相似文献
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地质图数据库现状与地质制图发展趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地质图是地质信息最重要的载体之一,凝聚了人们对地质理论的研究成果和对地质过程的理解。随着大数据时代的到来,地质制图的指导理论和方法手段发生了翻天覆地的变化,全球的科学家运用新方法新技术建立了OneGeology、OpenGeoscience、NGMDB、地质云等一系列地质图相关的优秀数据库,这些数据库的有效运行为全球的地质工作者提供了海量的地学数据和便捷的信息服务。此次研究重点调研了国内外已有的地质图相关数据库及运行情况,为Deep-Time Digital Earth(DDE)计划整合全球地质图相关数据库、建设相关数据平台提供经验和基础;同时,回顾了地质制图的发展历史,介绍了与地质制图相关的技术手段和常用软件;最后,为了满足大数据时代经济社会对地质图信息资料服务的需求,结合DDE相关任务,对深化国际合作编图、创新计算机智能地质制图及网络共享服务等核心技术提出了新的展望。 相似文献
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Kaixiang Zhang Xueling Wu Ruiqing Niu Ke Yang Lingran Zhao 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(11):405
Landslide susceptibility mapping is an indispensable prerequisite for landslide prevention and reduction. At present, research into landslide susceptibility mapping has begun to combine machine learning with remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. The random forest model is a new integrated classification method, but its application to landslide susceptibility mapping remains limited. Landslides represent a serious threat to the lives and property of people living in the Zigui–Badong area in the Three Gorges region of China, as well as to the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir. However, the geological structure of this region is complex, involving steep mountains and deep valleys. The purpose of the current study is to produce a landslide susceptibility map of the Zigui–Badong area using a random forest model, multisource data, GIS, and remote sensing data. In total, 300 pre-existing landslide locations were obtained from a landslide inventory map. These landslides were identified using visual interpretation of high-resolution remote sensing images, topographic and geologic data, and extensive field surveys. The occurrence of landslides is closely related to a series of environmental parameters. Topographic, geologic, Landsat-8 image, raining data, and seismic data were used as the primary data sources to extract the geo-environmental factors influencing landslides. Thirty-four layers of causative factors were prepared as predictor variables, which can mainly be categorized as topographic, geological, hydrological, land cover, and environmental trigger parameters. The random forest method is an ensemble classification technique that extends diversity among the classification trees by resampling the data with replacement and randomly changing the predictive variable sets during the different tree induction processes. A random forest model was adopted to calculate the quantitative relationships between the landslide-conditioning factors and the landslide inventory map and then generate a landslide susceptibility map. The analytical results were compared with known landslide locations in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The random forest model has an area ratio of 86.10%. In contrast to the random forest (whole factors, WF), random forest (12 major factors, 12F), decision tree (WF), decision tree (12F), the final result shows that random forest (12F) has a higher prediction accuracy. Meanwhile, the random forest models have higher prediction accuracy than the decision tree model. Subsequently, the landslide susceptibility map was classified into five classes (very low, low, moderate, high, and very high). The results demonstrate that the random forest model achieved a reasonable accuracy in landslide susceptibility mapping. The landslide hazard zone information will be useful for general development planning and landslide risk management. 相似文献
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Lineament extraction and analysis is one of the routine work in mapping medium and large areas using remote sensing data, most of which are satellite images. Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper （ETM） of 945×1 232 pixels subscene acquired on 21 March 2000 covering the northwestern part of Yunnan Province has been digitally processed using ER Mapper software. This article aims to produce lineament density map that predicts favorable zones for hydrothermal mineral occurrences and quantify spatial associations between the known hydrothermal mineral deposits. In the process of lineament extraction a number of image processing techniques were applied. The extracted lineaments were imported into MapGIS software and a suitable grid of 100 m×100 m was chosen. The Kriging method was used to create the lineament density map of the area. The results show that remote sensing data could be useful to extract the lineaments in the area. These lineaments are closely correlated with the faults obtained through other geological investigation methods. On comparing with field data the lineament-density map identifies two important high prospective zones, where large-scale deposits are already existing. In addition the map highlights unrecognized target areas that require follow up investigation. 相似文献
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三维地质模型是地质调查信息表达从传统二维平面向三维空间转变的一次重大突破。中国正在开展的三维地质填图作为国家的重要基础地质调查工作部署,将调查与研究相结合,在推动三维地质建模从研究走向实践具有重大意义。三维地质填图过程中如何准确、快速地构建三维断层模型是其中的关键点及难点。通过对数字填图过程不同阶段数据源的分析,详细分析了实际材料图建立断层数据以及与野外路线数据的关系映射规则,提出并实现了由线及面的断层模型构建方法。该方法强调断层模型构建与业务流程的一致性、动态性和快速性,构建模型的数据源始于野外第一手资料,充分利用填图业务过程中不同阶段数据的关联、约束与继承关系,能够满足在填图过程中根据地质认识的深入快速、动态地重构模型的要求,同时也可根据直观的三维断层模型时时验证地质连图的合理性。算法已在实际野外三维地质填图工作进行了多次实验,获得较好的成果。实验说明,基于实际材料图的三维断层模型构建方法与实际业务过程同步,具有操作便捷性,可直接应用于三维地质填图的实际工作要求。 相似文献
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数字地质调查系统（DGSS）是地质调查工作与信息技术融合的产物,实现了地质调查和野外填图数据的全流程获取,获取的数据具有大数据的特点;目前,地质信息化已经进入大数据应用的数据驱动时代,为了更好地分析、研究、应用地质大数据,对基于DGSS系统建立空间数据库的工作流程与数据库内容进行了详细介绍,在不同专题图件提取应用以及利用数据驱动技术缩编1:50万乌兰浩特幅地质图的基础上,论述了基于DGSS系统建立地质图空间数据库的重要性及其在中小比例尺地质图数据库更新中的关键作用. 相似文献
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Işık Yilmaz 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,61(4):821-836
This case study presented herein compares the GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping methods such as conditional probability
(CP), logistic regression (LR), artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machine (SVM) applied in Koyulhisar (Sivas,
Turkey). Digital elevation model was first constructed using GIS software. Landslide-related factors such as geology, faults,
drainage system, topographical elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, topographic wetness index, stream power index, normalized
difference vegetation index, distance from settlements and roads were used in the landslide susceptibility analyses. In the
last stage of the analyses, landslide susceptibility maps were produced from ANN, CP, LR, SVM models, and they were then compared
by means of their validations. However, area under curve values obtained from all four methodologies showed that the map obtained
from ANN model looks like more accurate than the other models, accuracies of all models can be evaluated relatively similar.
The results also showed that the CP is a simple method in landslide susceptibility mapping and highly compatible with GIS
operating features. Susceptibility maps can be easily produced using CP, because input process, calculation and output processes
are very simple in CP model when compared with the other methods considered in this study. 相似文献
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MAPGIS大比例尺数字测图系统的设计 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着城市信息化建设特别是GIS应用的发展，对大比例尺数字图的需求日益增加。以往的测图软件往往着重于制图的需要，很少考虑GIS应用的需求。在MAPGIS平台的基础上，根据系统性、兼容性、扩展性和开发性等原则，详细探讨了大比例尺数字测图系统的整体结构、数据组织、工作流程，设计了一个完整的数字测图系统。该系统具有野外数据采集、输入、处理、联接成图、编辑与修改及绘图等淡啤酒，在输入地物图形的同时，可以输入图形属性信息，输出符合国家标准图式的图形，并自动生成和维护拓扑关系。输出成果数据可以直接进入GIS系统，进行分析处理。 相似文献
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铀矿勘查中,实施地表探矿工程来揭示区内地质及矿化现象是一个行之有效且常用的方法,其矿化成果信息主要由放射性测量成果图件展现,目前主要靠手工素描完成,但存在费时且图件不美观等问题。因此,笔者提出了自动化成图的构想,开发了一款辅助软件来对放射性测量数据进行数据处理,将多参数坐标转换为标准坐标格式,支持Surfer软件数据网格化处理和Mapgis软件输出成果图件,实现自动化成图。经大量地表工程验证,证实辅助软件输出数据准确、可靠,通过Surfer、Mapgis软件实现了放射性测量数据自动化成图。此方法可取代传统手工素描绘图和Mapgis软件矢量化成图等耗时的步骤,将为放射性编录工作带来极大便利,进一步提升成果图件的标准化,提高物探编录的工作效率。 相似文献