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1.
The three-dimensional scattering of cnoidal waves by cylinder arrays are studied numerically by using the generalized Boussinesq equations. The boundary-fitted coordinate transformation and a dual-grid technique are used to simplify the finite-difference computation. Also, a set of open boundary conditions and an incident cnoidal wave are incorporated for time-domain simulation. The free-surface elevation and hydrodynamic forces on each cylinder are calculated to illustrate the evolution of nonlinear waves and their interactions with large cylinder arrays. Comparisons are made between the present nonlinear wave loads and those obtained from linear diffraction theory. The sheltering role played by the neighboring cylinders and the feature of wave interference are discussed. 相似文献
2.
An array of large concentric porous cylinder arrays is mounted in shallow water exposed to cnoidal waves. The interactions between waves and cylinders are studied theoretically using an eigenfunction expansion approach. Semi-analytical solutions of hydrodynamic loads and wave run-up on each cylinder are obtained using first approximation to cnoidal waves. The square array configuration of four-legged identical concentric porous cylinder is investigated in present study. Numerical results reveal the variation of dimensionless wave force and wave run-up on individual cylinder with angle of incidence, porosity parameter, spacing between outer and inner cylinders, spacing between concentric porous cylinders and wave parameter. Different mechanism of wave force is found under different range of scattering parameter. 相似文献
3.
A. N. Williams 《Ocean Engineering》1988,15(6)
The hydrodynamic interactions due to wave scattering between the numbers of an array of stationary, truncated circular cylinders simulating the columns of an idealized tension-leg platform (TLP) are investigated. The method of solution for the fluid velocity potential involves replacing scattered waves by equivalent plane waves together with non-planar correction terms. This technique is, therefore, essentially a large spacing approximation. Use of this approach makes it possible to determine the hydrodynamic interactions between the array members utilizing only the diffraction characteristics of an isolated cylinder.Numerical results are presented for six array configurations consisting of 2–6 cylinders representing the legs of idealized TLPs. Calculations of the wave loads on these cylinders have been performed for a range of wave and structural parameters. It is found that, for certain parameter combinations, the influence of neighbouring bodies on the total wave field leads to hydrodynamic loading on individual columns which is significantly greater than the loading they would experience in isolation. The presented results demonstrate the significance of hydrodynamic interactions between TLP columns and clearly indicate that these effects should be considered by the designers and researchers associated with TLPs. 相似文献
4.
The interaction of water waves with arrays of bottom-mounted, surface-piercing circular cylinders is investigated theoretically. The sidewall of each cylinder is porous and thin. Under the assumptions of potential flow and linear wave theory, a semi-analytical solution is obtained by an eigenfunction expansion approach first proposed for impermeable cylinders by Spring and Monkmeyer (1974), and later simplified by Linton and Evans (1990). Analytical expressions are developed for the wave motion in the exterior and all interior fluid regions. Numerical results are presented which illustrate the effects of various wave and structural parameters on the hydrodynamic loads and the diffracted wave field. It is found that the porosity of the structures may result in a significant reduction in both the hydrodynamic loads experienced by the cylinders and the associated wave runup. 相似文献
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6.
The linear water wave scattering and radiation by an array of infinitely long horizontal circular cylinders in a two-layer fluid of infinite depth is investigated by use of the multipole expansion method. The diffracted and radiated potentials are expressed as a linear combination of infinite multipoles placed at the centre of each cylinder with unknown coefficients to be determined by the cylinder boundary conditions. Analytical expressions for wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients, reflection and transmission coefficients and energies are derived. Comparisons are made between the present analytical results and those obtained by the boundary element method, and some examples are presented to illustrate the hydrodynamic behavior of multiple horizontal circular cylinders in a two-layer fluid. It is found that for two submerged circular cylinders the influence of the fluid density ratio on internal-mode wave forces is more appreciable than surface-mode wave forces, and the periodic oscillations of hydrodynamic results occur with the increase of the distance between two cylinders; for four submerged circular cylinders the influence of adding two cylinders on the wave forces of the former cylinders is small in low and high wave frequencies, but the influence is appreciable in intermediate wave frequencies. 相似文献
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8.
The finite element method(FEM) is employed to analyze the resonant oscillations of the liquid confined within multiple or an array of floating bodies with fully nonlinear boundary conditions on the free surface and the body surface in two dimensions.The velocity potentials at each time step are obtained through the FEM with 8-node quadratic shape functions.The finite element linear system is solved by the conjugate gradient(CG) method with a symmetric successive overelaxlation(SSOR) preconditioner.The waves at the open boundary are absorbed by the combination of the damping zone method and the Sommerfeld-Orlanski equation.Numerical examples are given by an array of floating wedgeshaped cylinders and rectangular cylinders.Results are provided for heave motions including wave elevations,profiles and hydrodynamic forces.Comparisons are made in several cases with the results obtained from the second order solution in the time domain.It is found that the wave amplitude in the middle region of the array is larger than those in other places,and the hydrodynamic force on a cylinder increases with the cylinder closing to the middle of the array. 相似文献
9.
An approximate method is presented to estimate the hydrodynamic loading and associated structural response of each of a pair of free-standing, bottom-nounted, flexible circular cylinders subjected to a regular train of linear surface waves. The cylinders are aligned parallel to the incident wave direction and the response of each is assumed to be one-dimensional and governed by a beam equation. The solution technique for the fluid velocity potential involves replacing scattered waves by equivalent plane waves together with non-planar, first-correction terms, and can be shown to be a large-spacing approximation. Numerical results are presented which show the influence of the various wave and structural parameters on the hydrodynamic loading and dynamic response of the individual cylinders. 相似文献
10.
Diffraction of linear waves around a group of dual porous cylinders consisting of a thin and porous outer cylinder with an impermeable inner cylinder is investigated analytically based on the eigenfunction expansion method proposed by Spring and Monkmeyer [Spring BH, Monkmeyer PL. Interaction of plane waves with vertical cylinders. In: Proceedings 14th international coastal engineering conference. 1974. p. 1828–47] and further modified by Linton and Evans [Linton CM, Evans DV. The interaction of waves with arrays of vertical circular cylinders. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1990;215:549–69]. The present formulation is an extension of the work of Wang and Ren [Wang KH, Ren X. Wave interaction with a concentric porous cylinder system. Ocean Engineering 1994;21(4):343–60], wherein; the interaction of linear waves with a single concentric porous cylinder system was studied. This paper aims at investigating the influence of multiple interactions between the cylinders in the group on the hydrodynamic wave forces, wave run-up and free-surface elevation in their vicinity. Further, the study focuses on the variation of the forces and run-up on the individual cylinders within the group compared to that on isolated cylinders. 相似文献
11.
An approximate, semi-analytical technique is developed to calculate the wave-induced loads and added-mass and radiation damping coefficients for idealized ocean structures consisting of arrays of large-diameter, truncated, vertical circular cylinders. The approach involves replacing the complete wave field scattered/radiated by one cylinder in the vicinity of another cylinder by a plane wave together with a non-planar correction term and so is essentially a large-spacing approximation. Numerical results are presented which illustrate the accuracy of the approximate approach and provide estimates of the hydrodynamic characteristics of several practical array configurations. 相似文献
12.
Numerical calculation of forces induced by short-crested waves on a vertical cylinder of arbitrary cross-section 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Most off-shore oil platforms are supported by vertical cylinders extending to the ocean floor. An important problem in off-shore engineering is the calculation of the wave loading exerted on these vertical cylinders. Analytical solutions have been found for the case of plane incident waves incident on a circular cylinder by MacCamy and Fuchs [(1954), Wave forces on piles: a diffraction theory. U.S. Army Corps of Engineering, Beach Erosion Board, Technical Memorandum No. 69] and also for short-crested waves incident on a circular cylinder by Zhu [(1993), Diffraction of short-crested waves around a circular cylinder. Ocean Engng 20, 389–407]. However, for a cylinder of arbitrary cross-section, no analytic solutions currently exist. Au and Brebbia [(1983), Diffraction of water waves for vertical cylinders using boundary elements. Appl. Math. Modelling 7, 106–114] proposed an efficient numerical approach to calculate the wave loads induced by plane waves on vertical cylinders by using the boundary element method. However, wind-generated waves are better modelled by short-crested waves. Whether or not these short-crested waves can induce larger wave forces on a structure is of great concern to ocean engineers. In this paper wave loads, induced by short-crested incident waves, on a vertical cylinder of arbitrary cross-section are discussed. For a cylinder of certain cross-section, the wave loads induced by short-crested waves can be larger than those induced by plane waves with the same total wave number. 相似文献
13.
The finite element method (FEM) is employed to analyze the resonant oscillations of the liquid confined within multiple or an array of floating bodies with fully nonlinear boundary conditions on the free surface and the body surface in two dimensions. The velocity potentials at each time step are obtained through the FEM with 8-node quadratic shape functions. The finite element linear system is solved by the conjugate gradient (CG) method with a symmetric successive overelaxlation (SSOR) preconditioner. The waves at the open boundary are absorbed by the combination of the damping zone method and the Sommerfeld-Orlanski equation. Numerical examples are given by an array of floating wedge- shaped cylinders and rectangular cylinders. Results are provided for heave motions including wave elevations, profiles and hydrodynamic forces. Comparisons are made in several cases with the results obtained from the second order solution in the time domain. It is found that the wave amplitude in the middle region of the array is larger than those in other places, and the hydrodynamic force on a cylinder increases with the cylinder closing to the middle of the array. 相似文献
14.
The present study theoretically as well as experimentally investigates the interaction between waves and an array of porous circular cylinders with or without an inner porous plate based on the linear wave theory.To design more effective floating breakwaters,the transmission rate of waves propagating through the array is evaluated.Each cylinder in the array is partly made of porous materials.Specifically,it possesses a porous sidewall and an impermeable bottom.In addition,an inner porous plate is horizontally fixed inside the cylinders.It dissipates the wave more effectively and eliminates the sloshing phenomenon.The approach suggested by Kagemoto and Yue(1986) is adopted to solve the multiple-scatter problem,while a hierarchical interaction theory is adopted to deal with hydrodynamic interactions among a great number of bodies,which efficiently saves computation time.Meanwhile,a series of model tests with an array of porous cylinders is performed in a wave basin to validate the theoretical work and the calculated results.The draft of the cylinders,the location of the inner porous plate,and the spacing between adjacent cylinders are also adjusted to investigate their effects on wave dissipation. 相似文献
15.
The interaction of a solitary wave with an array of surface-piercing vertical circular cylinders is investigated numerically. The wave motion is modeled by a set of generalized Boussinesq equations. The governing equations are discretized using a finite element method. The numerical model is validated against the experimental data of solitary wave reflection from a vertical wall and solitary wave scattering by a vertical circular cylinder respectively. The predicted wave surface elevation and the wave forces on the cylinder agree well with the experimental data. The numerical model is then employed to study solitary wave scattering by arrays of two circular cylinders and four circular cylinders respectively. The effect of wave direction on the wave forces and the wave runup on the cylinders is quantified. 相似文献
16.
In this paper, we study the harmonic generation and energy dissipation as water waves propagating through coastal vegetation. Applying the homogenization theory, linear wave models have been developed for a heterogeneous coastal forest in previous works (e.g. [17], [10], [11]). In this study, the weakly nonlinear effects are investigated. The coastal forest is modeled by an array of rigid and vertically surface-piercing cylinders. Assuming monochromatic waves with weak nonlinearity incident upon the forest, higher harmonic waves are expected to be generated and radiated into open water. Using the multi-scale perturbation theory, micro-scale flows in the vicinity of cylinders and macro-scale wave dynamics are separated. Expressing the unknown variables (e.g. velocity, free surface elevation) as a superposition of different harmonic components, the governing equations for each mode are derived while different harmonics are interacting with each other because of nonlinearity in the cell problem. Different from the linear models, the leading-order cell problem for micro-scale flow motion, driven by the macro-scale pressure gradient, is now a nonlinear boundary-value-problem, while the wavelength-scale problem for wave dynamics remains linear. A modified pressure correction method is employed to solve the nonlinear cell problem. An iterative scheme is introduced to connect the micro-scale and macro-scale problems. To demonstrate the theoretical results, we consider incident waves scattered by a homogeneous forest belt in a constant shallow depth. Higher harmonic waves are generated within the cylinder array and radiated out to the open water region. The comparisons of numerical results obtained by linear and nonlinear models are presented and the behavior of different harmonic components is discussed. The effects of different physical parameters on wave solutions are discussed as well. 相似文献
17.
By using the theories on Stokes multicolored water waves and taking the two- layer ocean as a basic model of stratified ocean, the paper analyzes the problems related to the effects of the nonlinear water wave on offshore structures. A mathematical expression is presented to describe second order wave radiation conditions. Using integral principle, the analytical integral solutions are given to evaluate second order scattered wave loads on general vertical circular cylinders in the two-layer ocean, and the special recurrence formulas for infinite integrals over free and stratified surfaces are derived. 相似文献
18.
张力腿平台水动力参数计算 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
张力腿平台作为一种深水平台 ,其半顺应半固定的运动特征 ,成为在复杂的深海海洋环境中进行海洋石油勘探、开采一种重要结构型式。在张力腿平台波浪载荷的计算中根据产生波动流场的因素不同将波浪载荷分为绕射效应和辐射效应。本文对辐射效应深入研究并以附加质量、附加阻尼等水动力参数的形式计算了辐射效应对张力腿平台的载荷影响。在计算水动力参数时将平台简化为浮式直立柱群 ,采用势流理论 ,引进改进平面波法计入柱体间水动力相互作用得到辐射波速度势的半解析解 ,引入大间距假设、通过非平面波修正 ,精确地求解了柱群的辐射波的载荷作用 相似文献
19.
This paper presents a comparison between two theoretical methods for computing the second-order diffraction loads on arrays of bottom-mounted, surface-piercing vertical circular cylinders in regular waves. One method presents a complete solution for the second-order hydrodynamic loads on the cylinder array via a numerical integration over the mean fluid free-surface. The other method is based on a large spacing approximation between the array members and involves the solution of a set of equivalent isolated body problems to obtain estimates for the second-order hydrodynamic loads. Numerical results for a pair of cylinders indicate very good agreement between the two methods at center-to-center spacing of both three and five radii, indicating that the approximate method may be sufficient to compute hydrodynamic interference effects to the second-order in many practical engineering situations. 相似文献