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【研究目的】碳酸盐岩地层易受海平面变化影响而发育高频层序,但是反映海平面变化的地化指标的精度不足,导致高频层序对海平面振荡的响应认识不够深入,高频海平面变化对台地边缘礁滩沉积的高频层序和沉积演化的控制尚不明确。【研究方法】论文研究选取塔里木盆地塔中地区某钻井的上奥陶统良里塔格组连续取心资料,通过密集取样开展微相分析和碳、氧同位素测试分析。【研究结果】该井良里塔格组中上部发育7种微相类型,沉积演化分析表明良里塔格组沉积中—晚期,沉积环境由潮坪向生物礁-颗粒滩再到较深水的开阔台地演化。碳、氧同位素测试显示δ13C为0.5993‰~1.6228‰（均值1.139‰）,δ18O值为-8.3608‰~-5.1452‰（均值为-6.790‰）;δ13C和δ18O的振荡变化与微相变化和沉积旋回对应良好。古海洋条件分析表明,良里塔格组沉积时期气候温热,礁、滩体发育层段样品的古温度值最高,代表着高的碳酸盐产率;Z值所反映的古盐度在底部潮坪沉积段最高,在高频旋回的顶部古盐度均明显减小,指示可能存在大气淡水的影响。与塔北地区南缘和巴楚地区的δ13C和δ18O存在一定差异,主要受控于沉积环境和古水深。【结论】良里塔格组中—上部存在至少3个完整的海平面升降变化周期,内部又包括至少2个次级周期;不同级别的海平面振荡主要受古气候变化驱动,并控制了高频层序的发育。海平面先缓慢上升再持续稳定或小规模振荡,是连续厚层的生物碎屑和砂屑颗粒滩沉积发育的有利条件;良里塔格组沉积晚期海平面快速上升,沉积环境向滩间洼地和较深水的开阔台地转变。在高频层序顶部海平面的小规模下降导致的早期岩溶作用是礁滩体储层质量改善的重要因素。 相似文献
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为探讨塔里木盆地轮古东地区上奥陶统良里塔格组礁滩体灰岩的沉积模式、储集层特征和油气富集规律,开展了新一轮气藏精细描述研究。结果表明,良里塔格组自下而上可分为瘤状灰岩段和颗粒灰岩段,沉积环境属远端变陡的无镶边缓坡型碳酸盐岩台地沉积;储集层主要发育于颗粒灰岩段,为低孔中低渗层状裂缝-孔洞型储集层,储集层的发育主要受岩性、岩溶风化壳及断裂的控制;油气以垂向断裂与礁滩体储集层为纵横向输导体系,主要分布于主干断裂及多期断裂交汇部位的断裂破碎带附近。 相似文献
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塔中地区良里塔格组发育巨厚的礁滩相碳酸盐岩,为碳酸盐岩储层的形成提供了有利条件。通过对钻井岩心和薄片分析,系统研究了研究区良里塔格组碳酸盐岩的储层岩石学、成岩作用类型和特征,总结了各类成岩作用的识别标志、发育规律及对储集体形成的影响。研究区碳酸盐岩储层的成岩作用包括泥晶化作用、白云石化作用、方解石胶结作用、溶蚀作用、硅化和硅质充填作用,以及压实、压溶作用、破裂作用和自生黄铁矿作用。在此基础上,总结了良里塔格组碳酸盐岩成岩序列及储层孔隙演化规律,认为早期强烈的方解石胶结作用和压实压溶作用降低了储层的孔隙度和渗透率,而溶蚀作用和构造破裂作用对良里塔格组礁滩相碳酸盐岩优质储层的形成具有明显控制作用。 相似文献
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不同级序层序界面与构造不整合面对碳酸盐岩储层发育与分布起主要控制作用。通过对塔中西部加里东中、晚期不整合面、晚奥陶世台缘结构、奥陶系碳酸盐岩Ⅲ-Ⅳ级以上层序与岩性段划分、32口区探井储层发育特征及11口探井碳酸盐岩及其少量缝洞充填物的碳氧、锶同位素的综合研究,提出了奥陶系碳酸盐岩多类型储集体发育的地质模式。其中,加里东中、晚期第一幕(T47)构造导致了台缘向台内发育顶部削截,发育高位体系和强烈的表生岩溶作用,后期为上超的海侵体系,构成了一个构造-岩性复合转换面。第二幕(T27)总体为海侵上超(角度)淹没不整合,局部高处有小规模剥蚀。中、上奥陶统台缘带向台内由垂向加积向进积作用增强,台缘带大的坡角有利于残厚较大的一间房组与良里塔格组发育与分布。塔中西北部奥陶系碳酸盐岩Ⅲ级以上高频层序和沉积旋回特征较为相似。奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞中方解石与其围岩的碳氧、锶同位素有较强的继承性,鹰山组灰岩或云(灰)岩及缝洞方解石中的δ13CPDB和δ18OPDB负偏变化较明显,与不同构造部位中的地层剥蚀强度或岩溶强度成正比。与良里塔格组灰岩与缝洞方解石中低锶特征不同,鹰山组中锶同位素87Sr/86Sr相对较高,受壳源锶影响相对较大,反映了其与良里塔格组沉积环境不同且其岩溶作用更广泛。鹰山组储集体发育主要受控于构造挤压断层相关褶皱控制下的地层(剥蚀)-不整合面分布,构成了继承性构造带、断层上盘等地貌高的"抬升剥蚀-潜流带残留型-强烈的多期岩溶叠加改造型"岩溶模式和构造带间或断裂下盘带等其他部位"抬升剥蚀-淋滤与潜流带分带不明显(局部充填)平缓弱改造型"的岩溶模式。 相似文献
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塔中Ⅰ号断裂带奥陶系良里塔格组礁滩储集体模式与预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塔里木盆地奥陶系良里塔格组礁滩储集体位于塔里木盆地塔中Ⅰ号断裂带的东部。研究目的层良里塔格组,由下部泥灰岩段、中部颗粒灰岩段和上部泥灰岩段组成。礁滩储集体主要发育在良里塔格组9个准层序中的PS7和PS8准层序组。从岩心观察入手,建立了良里塔格组礁滩体的地质模式,在此基础上,通过对已知礁滩体测井响应和地震反射特征分析并结合地震特征属性建立了地震识别模式。利用该模式预测研究区礁滩储集体有利分布区,预测结果为近年钻探的塔中821井等井所证实,获得高产油流,说明建立起来的地质—地球物理综合模式符合客观实际,能有效地指导勘探。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地轮古7井区以东奥陶系古岩溶储层碳氧同位素地球化学特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《地质科技情报》2015,(2)
轮南古潜山轮古7井区以东地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩遭受多期次的地质构造、岩溶作用及充填改造作用,岩溶缝洞系统发育,岩溶储层主要发育在一间房组、鹰山组地层内,垂向上发育在潜山面以下(200~300m)范围内,储层类型分为裂缝型、孔洞型、裂缝-孔洞型、洞穴型岩溶储层。通过采集28个岩溶充填物样品进行碳氧同位素地球化学分析,研究了缝洞充填物的充填期次及充填环境特征。分析表明,轮古7井区以东奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶缝洞系统充填物的δ13C和δ18 O值的变化范围较大,δ13CPDB值为-7.82‰~6.03‰,平均值为-1.20‰;δ18 OPDB值为-16.13‰~-7.24‰,平均值为-10.97‰,说明该区碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用过程中受到大气降水作用明显,反映了古风化壳岩溶环境,划分了4种不同的岩溶作用与充填期次。 相似文献
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良里塔格组作为塔里木盆地塔中地区重要的含油气层引起广泛关注,沉积微相揭示了水动力特征及其沉积环境,高能相带是后期储层发育的重要物质基础,沉积微相的展布在油气勘探中具有重要意义,但顺西地区良里塔格组沉积微相的研究依然薄弱。基于大量的岩心、薄片以及钻井、三维地震资料,结合地震属性提取技术以及古地貌恢复技术,总结了研究区发育的主要岩相类型和主要沉积微相类型,建立了良里塔格组沉积相模式,对良里塔格组沉积相展布作出了全面的总结。研究结果表明:(1)顺西地区良里塔格组识别出10种岩相:亮晶砂屑灰岩、亮晶鲕粒灰岩、亮晶鲕粒球粒灰岩、亮晶生屑砂屑灰岩、生物格架灰岩、含生屑藻粘结灰岩、泥质藻粘结灰岩、生屑泥晶灰岩、砂屑泥晶灰岩和泥晶灰岩;(2)顺西地区良里塔格组划分出台内颗粒滩、台内生物丘、灰泥丘、滩间海和台内洼地5种沉积亚相;(3)基于古地貌的恢复和地层厚度的研究,证实顺西地区良里塔格组属于碳酸盐岩缓坡沉积类型,并将其缓坡类型划分为内缓坡-中缓坡-外缓坡的沉积相模式。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地塔中地区上奥陶统近环带状台地边缘相带特征及勘探前景 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
发现塔里木盆地塔中地区上奥陶统良里塔格组的台地边缘相带环绕卡塔克隆起呈近环带状发育,晚奥陶世晚期台地边缘相带具有向中央断垒带迁移的特征,北部环带较南部迁移的更为迅速。台地边缘相带可分为4种不同古地貌沉积类型,在古地形、古构造、水体能量的差异控制下,其上沉积微相和礁滩复合体的发育特征不同,礁滩复合体的储层发育受后期成岩作用与构造破裂作用控制,具有强烈的非均质性。 相似文献
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依据实测的塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡玉北地区41个碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素数据,结合岩石学方法,研究了碳氧同位素的组成、演化及其地质意义。数据显示,δ~(13) C值主要分布在-2.6‰~0.7‰,均值为-1.0‰;δ~(18) O值分布在-9.4‰~-3.5‰,均值为-6.9‰。玉北地区古盐度为118.39~126.34,平均为121.94。奥陶系碳酸盐岩淡水改造作用明显。碳氧同位素的组成和演化不但可以指示沉积环境,而且还与生物生产率以及古海平面变化呈正相关性:δ~(13) C的低值对应于局限台地台内滩亚相沉积环境;δ~(13) C的高值对应于开阔台地滩间海、台内滩亚相沉积环境。碳氧同位素组成还对成岩环境有明显响应:鹰山组δ~(13) C与δ~(18) O均向高负值偏移,表明经历过强烈的表生岩溶作用;蓬莱坝组δ~(13) C低—中负值,δ~(18) O表现为高负值,在白云岩储层中可见鞍状白云石及燧石,主要为深埋藏成岩环境;良里塔格组同位素特征为δ~(18) O高负值,δ~(13) C低正值,并且在进入埋藏岩溶阶段之前还经历过风化壳岩溶作用。 相似文献
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塔中Ⅰ号坡折带奥陶系礁滩复合体发育动力学及其控储机制 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
塔中Ⅰ号坡折带上奥陶统良里塔格组发现了我国珊瑚-层孔虫造礁群落最早的礁体,在生态演替上具承先启后重要特征,并伴随着发育了多套礁滩相储集体。充分利用古地理、古地磁,同位素、微量元素,包裹体,岩心物性分析等数据,分析了塔里木板块奥陶纪成礁环境,特别是从构造地质学、碳酸盐岩地质学、层序地层学、古生态学、古生物学出发,剖析了塔中隆起碳酸盐岩台地演化的阶段性、海平面变化的周期性,以及奥陶纪造礁生物生态群落的演替及生物生长性,分别建立了良里塔格组各个时期礁滩复合体发育的模式,深入解析了礁滩复合体多期生长发育的动力学特征。塔中良里塔格组3期叠加发育的礁体生长与台地演化的构造阶段性密切相关,同时控制了礁滩复合体微相类型上的多样性和分异性。礁滩复合体地貌隆起和高频海平面变化所导致的暴露,以及准同生期大气淡水淋滤、溶蚀作用是控制台缘礁滩体优质储层发育的动力学基础,经后期埋藏过程中所经历的表生岩溶作用、埋藏期热水岩溶作用以及断层相关岩溶等是该礁滩复合体储层物性改良主控因素。集中揭示了塔中奥陶纪礁滩复合体发育演替几何学、动力学机制及礁滩储集体控储机制,有效指导了塔中古隆起奥陶系生物礁油气规模效益开发,对于类似油气田勘探与学科发展具有积极意义。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯古生代海相地层沉积厚度巨大。鄂尔多斯奥陶系碳酸盐岩的碳氧同位素组成受后期成岩作用影响较小,基本保留了原始海洋的同位素组成： δ13C值分布于-7.30‰～2.26‰之间,均值-0.30‰;δ18O值分布于-13.14‰～-1.94‰之间,均值-6.38‰,碳氧同位素组成与全球基本一致。区域上,鄂尔多斯西缘具有相对较高的δ13C值,南缘次之,而东缘最低。纵向上,碳同位素组成逐渐增重,并在中晚奥陶世发生明显的正向偏移,δ13C均值由马家沟组的-0.36‰增加到平凉组的0.15‰,至背锅山组增加至0.68‰。碳同位素的区域分布差异表明鄂尔多斯西缘水体相对较深,南缘次之,东缘相对较浅,由早奥陶世至晚奥陶世水体逐渐加深,碳同位素组成反映的海平面变化趋势与沉积相演化一致。鄂尔多斯西南缘中晚奥陶世碳同位素组成的正向偏移,标志着较高的生产力和有机碳埋藏率,具有重要的石油地质学意义,西南缘的平凉组/乌拉力克组和背锅山组是下古生界最重要和有效的烃源岩层。 相似文献
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辽西凌源雾迷山组碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素和Mn/Sr比值数据反映了碳酸盐岩的原始沉积特征.δ13CPDB数值范围-2‰～2‰,δ18OPDB数值范围为-10‰～-4‰,其平均值分别为0.15‰,-6.2‰,碳同位素组成具有旋回性变化特征.在雾迷山组一段中上部,δ13C表现出明显的正漂移,可能为藻类的大量繁殖、有机碳增加所引起.δ18O的增加为气候变冷和冰川作用的结果.在δ13C为负值的层段,δ18O数值较高.碳氧同位素组成的这种特征可能与海平面变化有关. 相似文献
13.
寒武系第四阶是生命演化史上重要的时间节点.渝东地区寒武系第四阶龙王庙组以碳酸盐岩为主要岩石类型,地层中、下部混积岩发育,生物化石发育程度低.∑（CaO+MgO+LOI）含量分布范围广（74.64%~99.18%）,Na2O、K2O、Fe2O3与MnO含量较高（平均值分别为0.20%、0.27%、0.27%和0.014%）,∑（SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+P2O5+TiO2）在地层中下部具较高含量（最大值24.00%）;Sr元素含量较低（135×10-6~407×10-6）,∑REE+Y在地层中部含量较高,∑LREE/∑HREE分布在2~4,具显著正铈异常（δCe=5.6~6.2）,配分曲线为平缓右倾模式.全岩与方解石的δ13C值分别为-1.5‰~1.1‰ VPDB、-3.4‰ ~+0.5‰ VPDB,δ18O值分别为-9.7‰ ~-3.5‰ VPDB、-9.8‰~-5.0‰ VPDB;垂向上,两者的δ13C值在地层中下部均以负值为主,中上部多为正值.依据δ13C、δ18O、MgO/CaO（0.03%~0.12%）、100×MgO/Al2O3（93.1~4 715.4）、B校（278.7~1 494.2）、Sr/Ba（4.05~58.25）、1 000×Sr/Ca（5.41~14.43）、V/（V+Ni）（0.61~0.78）及U/Th（0.21~1.45）等与沉积环境的关系,推断龙王庙期水体温度在17~25℃,属半咸水-咸水环境;水体深度在早-中期波动频繁;以贫氧-缺氧环境为主,在早-中期、末期为阶段性富氧环境.整体上龙王庙组沉积早-中期受河流注入影响较为明显、陆源碎屑供给充足,具海陆过渡环境特征,沉积中后期为稳定的海相环境.咸水、缺氧的条件及海平面波动频繁并伴有大量陆源碎屑注入所产生的环境压力,是引发渝东地区寒武系第四阶生物消亡的主要环境因素. 相似文献
14.
Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician sedimentary rocks in the western Tarim Basin, Northwest China, are composed of shallow-marine platform carbonates. The Keping Uplift is located in the northwest region of this basin. On the basis of petrographic and geochemical features, four matrix replacement dolomites and one type of cement dolomite are identified. Matrix replacement dolomites include (1) micritic dolomites (MD1); (2) fine–coarse euhedral floating dolomites (MD2); (3) fine–coarse euhedral dolomites (MD3); and (4) medium–very coarse anhedral mosaic dolomites (MD4). Dolomite cement occurs in minor amounts as coarse saddle dolomite cement (CD1) that mostly fills vugs and fractures in the matrix dolomites. These matrix dolomites have δ18O values of ?9.7‰ to ?3.0‰ VPDB (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite); δ13C values of ?0.8‰ to 3.5‰ VPDB; 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.708516 to 0.709643; Sr concentrations of 50 to 257 ppm; Fe contents of 425 to 16878 ppm; and Mn contents of 28 to 144 ppm. Petrographic and geochemical data suggest that the matrix replacement dolomites were likely formed by normal and evaporative seawater in early stages prior to chemical compaction at shallow burial depths. Compared with matrix dolomites, dolomite cement yields lower δ18O values (?12.9‰ to ?9.1‰ VPDB); slightly lower δ13C values (?1.6‰–0.6‰ VPDB); higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.709165–0.709764); and high homogenization temperature (Th) values (98°C–225°C) and salinities (6 wt%–24 wt% NaCl equivalent). Limited data from dolomite cement shows a low Sr concentration (58.6 ppm) and high Fe and Mn contents (1233 and 1250 ppm, respectively). These data imply that the dolomite cement precipitated from higher temperature hydrothermal salinity fluids. These fluids could be related to widespread igneous activities in the Tarim Basin occurring during Permian time when the host dolostones were deeply buried. Faults likely acted as important conduits that channeled dolomitizing fluids from the underlying strata into the basal carbonates, leading to intense dolomitization. Therefore, dolomitization, in the Keping Uplift area is likely related to evaporated seawater via seepage reflux in addition to burial processes and hydrothermal fluids. 相似文献
15.
Limestone consisting of finely to medium crystalline calcite mosaics is present in the upper part of the Winnipegosis Formation on the east‐central margin of the Elk Point Basin where the overlying Prairie Evaporite deposits have been removed. This type of crystalline limestone is interpreted as dedolomite, based on petrographic observations. The δ18O and δ13C values of the Winnipegosis dedolomite vary from ?12·8‰ to ?11·9‰ VPDB (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite) and from ?0·5‰ to +1·7‰ VPDB, respectively; both values are significantly lower than those for the corresponding dolomite. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the dedolomite are significantly higher, between 0·7082 and 0·7087. The spatial distribution and geochemical data of the Winnipegosis dedolomite suggest that dedolomitization was related to an influx of fresh groundwater and dissolution of the Prairie Evaporite anhydrite during the latest Mississippian to the Early Cretaceous when the basin was subjected to uplift and erosion. The Winnipegosis dedolomite displays a series of replacement fabrics showing progressive calcitization of dolomite, including the occurrence of dedolomite restricted along fractures and adjacent areas, dolomite patches ‘floating’ in the dedolomite masses and massive dedolomite with sparsely scattered dolomite relicts. However, the characteristic fabrics resulting from dedolomitization documented in the literature have not been observed in the Winnipegosis dedolomite. Coarsely to very coarsely crystalline, subhedral to euhedral calcite cement is restricted in the dedolomite. The petrographic features, isotopic compositions and homogenization temperatures, coupled with the burial history of the Winnipegosis Formation, constrain the precipitation of the calcite cement from a mixing of basinal brines and fresh groundwater during Late Cretaceous to Neogene time. The more negative C‐isotopic signatures of the calcite cement (?5·3‰ to ?2·3‰ VPDB) probably reflect a hydrocarbon‐derived carbon. 相似文献
16.
Multistage hydrothermal dolomites in the Middle Devonian (Givetian) carbonates from the Guilin area, South China 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Pervasive dolomites occur preferentially in the stromatoporoid biostromal (or reefal) facies in the basal Devonian (Givetian) carbonate rocks in the Guilin area, South China. The amount of dolomites, however, decreases sharply in the overlying Frasnian carbonate rocks. Dolostones are dominated by replacement dolomites with minor dolomite cements. Replacement dolomites include: (1) fine to medium, planar‐e floating dolomite rhombs (Rd1); (2) medium to coarse, planar‐s patchy/mosaic dolomites (Rd2); and (3) medium to very coarse non‐planar anhedral mosaic dolomites (Rd3). They post‐date early submarine cements and overlap with stylolites. Two types of dolomite cements were identified: planar coarse euhedral dolomite cements (Cd1) and non‐planar (saddle) dolomite cements (Cd2); they post‐date replacement dolomites and predate late‐stage calcite cements that line mouldic vugs and fractures. The replacement dolomites have δ18O values from ?13·7 to ?9·7‰ VPDB, δ13C values from ?2·7 to + 1·5‰ VPDB and 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0·7082 to 0·7114. Fluid inclusion data of Rd3 dolomites yield homogenization temperatures (Th) of 136–149 °C and salinities of 7·2–11·2 wt% NaCl equivalent. These data suggest that the replacive dolomitization could have occurred from slightly modified sea water and/or saline basinal fluids at relatively high temperatures, probably related to hydrothermal activities during the latest Givetian–middle Fammenian and Early Carboniferous times. Compared with replacement dolomites, Cd2 cements yield lower δ18O values (?14·2 to ?9·3‰ VPDB), lower δ13C values (?3·0 to ?0·7‰ VPDB), higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios (≈ 0·7100) and higher Th values (171–209 °C), which correspond to trapping temperatures (Tr) between 260 and 300 °C after pressure corrections. These data suggest that the dolomite cements precipitated from higher temperature hydrothermal fluids, derived from underlying siliciclastic deposits, and were associated with more intense hydrothermal events during Permian–Early Triassic time, when the host dolostones were deeply buried. The petrographic similarities between some replacement dolomites and Cd2 dolomite cements and the partial overlap in 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O values suggest neomorphism of early formed replacement dolomites that were exposed to later dolomitizing fluids. However, the dolomitization was finally stopped through invasion of meteoric water as a result of basin uplift induced by the Indosinian Orogeny from the early Middle Triassic, as indicated by the decrease in salinities in the dolomite cements in veins (5·1–0·4 wt% NaCl equivalent). Calcite cements generally yield the lowest δ18O values (?18·5 to ?14·3‰ VPDB), variable δ13C values (?11·3 to ?1·2‰ VPDB) and high Th values (145–170 °C) and low salinities (0–0·2 wt% NaCl equivalent), indicating an origin of high‐temperature, dilute fluids recharged by meteoric water in the course of basin uplift during the Indosinian Orogeny. Faults were probably important conduits that channelled dolomitizing fluids from the deeply buried siliciclastic sediments into the basal carbonates, leading to intense dolomitization (i.e. Rd3, Cd1 and Cd2). 相似文献
17.
句容地区下奥陶统仑山组海平面变化的碳酸盐岩地球化学记录 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
句容地区下奥陶统仑山组碳酸盐岩沉积主要由开阔台地和深水陆棚组成,仑山组层序1和层序2均由低位体系域和海侵体系域构成,反映两次海侵过程。根据δ13 C值、Sr/Ba值、1 000Sr/Ca值和V/Ni值反映的古盐度、古水深曲线,结合沉积环境变迁与体系域特征,绘制了仑山组海平面相对升降曲线。一级海平面相对升降曲线反映仑山组时期经历了一次海侵。二级海平面波动曲线显示海平面波动频繁,由两次海平面相对上升和一次海平面相对下降组成。仑山组样品碳、氧同位素组成受后期成岩作用影响较小,基本保留了原始海洋的同位素组成:δ13 C值为-0.8‰~2.3‰,均值为0.45‰;δ18 O值为-14.4‰~-9.3‰,均值为-10.2‰,主要集中在-10.0‰~-9.0‰的范围内。利用δ13 C和δ18 O值计算得到的Z值全部大于120,反映仑山组碳酸盐岩在海相环境中形成。 相似文献
18.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):892-909
The Cretaceous-Paleocene (K-T) transition has been recorded in sedimentary carbonate rocks in northwestern Argentina and southern Chile. In the Yacoraite Basin, Argentina, this transition has been preserved in a 2 m thick marly layer, at the base of the Tunal Formation, which overlies lacustrine/marine carbonates of the Yacoraite Formation (Cabra Corral dam). The K-T transition is also preserved at Maimara, where Tertiary sandstones overlie a 50 m thick limestone bed of the Yacoraite Formation. In the Magellan Basin, Chile, glauconitic sandstones with calcitic cement and limestone concretions of the Maastrichtian Punta Rocallosa Formation are overlain by sandstones, claystones, and limestones of the Chorillo Chico Formation. The K-T transition is preserved in the lower portion of the Chorillo Chico Formation. Carbonates of the Yacoraite Formation display bulk-rock δ13C values from +1 to +2‰ PDB, with a negative incursion (?4‰ PDB) at the K-T transition. δ13C values in the Tunal Formation marls vary from ?3 to ?1‰ PDB. At Rocallosa Point, δ13C values in limestone strata, calcite cement, and limestone concretions vary from ?4 to ?33 ‰ PDB, and the lowest value in the Chorillo Chico Formation apparently marks the K-T transition. The δ18O fluctuations in the Yacoraite and Magellan carbonate rocks suggest a temperature drop at the K-T transition, followed by a temperature rise. High 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7140-0.7156) characterize the studied profiles of the Yacoraite Formation, documenting an important 87Sr-enriched source of Sr to the water from which these carbonates precipitated. At the Magellan basin, 87Sr/86Sr ratios are closer to the expected values for the global Late Cretaceous-Paleocene ocean. 相似文献
19.
四川盆地寒武系厚度达千米,岩性从下到上依次由泥页岩-粉砂质泥岩-灰质白云岩-纯白云岩组成,其优质储层主要为中—上寒武统冼象池组的白云岩。本文通过与川东北长兴组—飞仙关组、塔河油田奥陶系白云岩对比,应用微量元素、稀土元素、碳、氧、锶同位素等分析测试结果,对四川盆地中南部寒武系白云岩特征及形成机制进行了研究。研究结果表明:四川盆地中南部寒武系白云岩具有较高的铁、锰质量分数,平均值分别为6 502.9×10~(-6)和468.3×10~(-6),较低的锶质量分数,平均值为74.0×10~(-6),较低的碳氧同位素值,δ~(13)CVPDB和δ~(18)OVPDB平均值分别为-2.38‰和-7.74‰;四川盆地中南部寒武系碳酸盐岩经历了大气淡水淋滤作用,可能为准同生白云石化或混合水白云石化作用。 相似文献