In data-driven mineral prospectivity mapping, a statistical model is established to represent the spatial relationship between layers of metallogenic evidence and locations of known mineral deposits, and then, the former are integrated into a mineral prospectivity model using the established model. Establishment of a data-driven mineral prospectivity model can be regarded as a process of searching for the optimal integration of layers of metallogenic evidence in order to maximize the spatial relationship between mineral prospectivity and the locations of known mineral deposits. Mineral prospectivity can be simply defined as the weighted sum of layers of metallogenic evidence. Then, the optimal integration of the layers of evidence can be determined by optimizing weight coefficients of the layers of evidence to maximize the area under the curve (AUC) of the defined model. To this end, a bat algorithm-based model is proposed for data-driven mineral prospectivity mapping. In this model, the AUC of the model is used as the objective function of the bat algorithm, and the ranges of the weight coefficients of layers of evidence are used to define the search space of the bat population, and the optimal weight coefficients are then automatically determined through the iterative search process of the bat algorithm. The bat algorithm-based model was used to map mineral prospectivity in the Helong district, Jilin Province, China. Because of the high performance of the traditional logistic regression model for data-driven mineral prospectivity mapping, it was used as a benchmark model for comparison with the bat algorithm-based model. The result shows that the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the bat algorithm-based model is coincident with that of the logistic regression model in the ROC space. The AUC of the bat algorithm-based model (0.88) is slightly larger than that of the logistic regression model (0.87). The optimal threshold for extracting mineral targets was determined by using the Youden index. The mineral targets optimally delineated by using the bat algorithm-based model and logistic regression model account for 8.10% and 11.24% of the study area, respectively, both of which contain 79% of the known mineral deposits. These results indicate that the performance of the bat algorithm-based model is comparable with that of the logistic regression model in data-driven mineral prospectivity mapping. Therefore, the bat algorithm-based model is a potentially useful high-performance data-driven mineral prospectivity mapping model.
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1.
晋江西溪流域非点源污染的SWAT模型模拟 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
运用SWAT模型对晋江西溪流域的非点源污染进行了研究．在产流、产沙模拟的基础上,利用1973—1979年晋江西溪安溪站的氨氮、矿物磷实测值对模型进行校准,氨氮、矿物磷模拟的效率系数分别为0．69和0．79．模拟结果表明,1973-1979年西溪流域年均坡面非点源总氮流失量约为1530t或6．3kg／hm^2;总磷流失量约为270t或1．1kg／hm^2;耕作农田是非点源污染的重要来源;非点源污染在西溪各子流域中的空间分布不平衡,蓝溪子流域部分污染较严重． 相似文献
2.
应用国外较成熟的半分布式水文模型HSPF,建立了东江流域径流与非点源污染模拟模型,在此基础上定量计算与分析了东江流域非点源污染的时空分布特征。结果表明:径流模拟的相对误差在10%以内,纳什效率系数大于0.8,泥沙以及非点源污染氨氮、总磷模拟的相对误差在15%以内,纳什效率系数大于0.6,所建立的基于HSPF的模型可以满足研究东江流域径流与非点源污染长期变化过程与时空分布特征的需要;丰水年是东江流域非点源污染物流失的关键年份,降雨对东江流域非点源污染过程影响很大,汛期是东江流域非点源污染防治的关键时期;东江流域氨氮、总磷非点源污染月负荷与月降雨量存在非线性相关,复合回归曲线可较好地拟合两者的时间变化;东江流域非点源污染的关键区域主要位于流域中下游源城区、博罗县、惠城区中耕地与建设用地集中的地块;各子流域非点源污染产生的氨氮、总磷浓度指标与耕地、园地、林地、建设用地面积比例存在显著的线性相关关系。 相似文献
3.
基于SWAT模型的大伙房水库汇水区农业非点源污染空间特性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
应用SWAT模型对辽宁省大伙房水库汇水区农业非点源污染进行了模拟,利用2006~2009年的水文和水质监测数据对模型进行率定与验证。研究结果表明:研究区泥沙坡面产量为15.40×104t,属于微度侵蚀,其中耕地的土壤侵蚀模数最高,为475.84 t/(km2.a),疏林地次之,灌林地、有林地的土壤侵蚀模数较小;汇水区农业非点源氮、磷产生量分别为1 248.83 t和102.88 t;不同土地利用类型氮、磷的产生量差异较大,耕地远远高于林地等其他类型。总体上,流域农业非点源污染的产生量浑河流域高于苏子河流域,社河流域最小,且河流上游地区高于下游。研究结果揭示了研究区农业非点源污染空间分布特性,可以为水土保持和非点源污染防治提供基础支持。 相似文献
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基于SWAT模型的晋江西溪流域径流模拟 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
应用流域分布式水文模型SWAT,综合利用泰森多边形法、土壤粒径的线性变换、土地利用编码的转换等方法以及子流域和水文响应单元(HRU)的适当划分,对闽东南沿海西溪流域1970～1975年的年、月径流进行模拟,以月径流模拟的效率系数、相对误差和相关系数3个指标为标准,对模型的敏感参数进行率定,并对1976～1979年的月径流进行验证模拟.研究结果表明该模型适用于晋江西溪流域的径流模拟,且精度较高,尤其是降水量大,产流量多的月份模拟效率更高. 相似文献
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滹沱河流域本底状态地表水氮、磷非点源污染评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对滹沱河流域各支流源头区地表水中氮、磷浓度监测分析,得出本底状态下总氮浓度为0.223～5.631 mg/L,氨氮浓度范围为未检出～0.634 mg/L,可溶态氮浓度为0.190～5.532 mg/L,总磷浓度为0.024～0.683 mg/L,可溶态磷浓度为0.026～0.220 mg/L.本底状态下各水文期氮的非点源污染形态都以可溶态氮为主;磷的非点源污染形态枯水期以可溶态磷居多,丰水期以颗粒态磷为主.滹沱河流域本底状态下氮、磷非点源污染水平较高. 相似文献
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退化山地生态系统植被恢复水文效应的SWAT模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
植被恢复是改善退化生态环境的重要途径.位于闽东南沿海的晋江西溪流域是我国南方典型的水土流失区.应用基于SWAT的晋江西溪流域产流产沙分布式模型,结合流域内退化生态系统重建要求设定不同植被恢复情景,模拟分析植被恢复下的水文效应.模拟结果表明:SWAT模型能较好的用于流域退化生态系统重建的水文模拟;研究区内,还林比还草更有利于流域的水土保持和生态重建,植被恢复对流域产沙量的影响大于产流量. 相似文献
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海南省松涛水库流域土壤侵蚀及控制方案 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用RS和GIS技术,基于USLE方程实现了热带地区海南岛松涛水库流域2003~2005年平均土壤侵蚀的定量模拟,通过情景分析研究了流域土壤侵蚀控制方案。结果表明:流域内潜在土壤侵蚀量约为4261万t/a,超过容许土壤流失量的60倍;在植被的保护下,现有年均土壤侵蚀量约为51.46万t/a,主要集中在退化的林地、浆纸林和橡胶林;流域平均土壤侵蚀模数略低于容许土壤流失量,但空间分布不均,部分区域侵蚀发育强烈;如对经济林、园地和耕地采取水土保持措施或恢复林草植被,能有效控制流域内土壤侵蚀,分别减少侵蚀量22.46万t和14.15万t,减少侵蚀面积98.48km2和65.90km2。 相似文献
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基于SWAT模型的梅江流域非点源污染时空分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用SWAT模型对亚热带季风湿润区红壤背景下江西省梅江流域非点源污染进行了模拟,并根据实测数据对模型的参数进行了率定和验证。在确定模型适用性的基础上,进行氮、磷营养盐负荷计算,分析了流域非点源污染负荷时空分布特征。结果表明：研究区非点源污染负荷具有显著的时空分布特征,在时间变化上,氮、磷污染负荷与降雨有明显相关性,R2分别是0.909和0.921;硝态氮年平均污染物负荷排放方式主要以下渗为主,下渗硝态氮排放量占总量的63%,与流域内高植被覆盖率有关;在空间分布上,有机氮与有机磷空间分布基本一致,流域内污染物主要分布在梅江中下游的黄陂河与会同河流域,不同土地利用下非点源污染负荷以耕地排放量为主。 相似文献
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借助地理信息系统对闽江福州段进行流域划分,通过污染源数据的调查和分析,在流域层面上进行了污染负荷研究．研究以COD、NH3-N为主要指标,计算各子流域污染负荷,并确定其主要来源和比例关系．结果表明：闽江流域福州段COD入河总量为9371．75t,NH3-N入河总量为992．63t,工业源与城镇生活源是主要污染源．市区内河是污染最严重的子流域,COD、NH3-N的入河量占流域总负荷的34。4％与61．3％．市区内河、闽江干流北港段、磨溪等流域水体受到各种点源污染的影响,而梅溪干流、大樟溪干流等流域水体则主要受到非点源污染的影响． 相似文献
11.
KhanA ZubairM AliR 《湿地科学》2005,3(1):21-26
1 INTRODUCTIONConstructedwetlandsplayanimportantroleinthereductionofnutrients,particularlyphosphorous,fromenteringintothewaterways .Excessivelevelsofphosphoroushavebeenidentifiedasamajorcon tributortoblue greenalgalbloomsinwaterways.Anumberofresearchprog… 相似文献
12.
Joseph S. Duval 《Natural Resources Research》2003,12(2):121-126
The U.S. Geological Survey has developed a technique that allows mineral resource experts to apply economic filters to estimates of undiscovered mineral resources. This technique builds on previous work that developed quantitative methods for mineral resource assessments. A Monte-Carlo calculation uses mineral deposit models to estimate commodity grades and tonnages of undiscovered deposits. The results then are analyzed using simple estimates of capital expenditures and daily operating costs for a mine and associated mill. The daily operating costs and the value of the ore are used to calculate the net present value of the deposit, which is compared to the capital expenditures to determine whether the deposit is economic. Repetition of these calculations for many deposits produces a table that can be interpreted in terms of the probability of there being deposits that have anet present value exceeding some specified amount. Sample calculations indicate that applying economic filters to simulated mineral resources might change the perception of the results compared to presenting the calculations in terms of the expected mean gross-in-place value of the minerals. 相似文献
13.
The chemical composition of the bulk deposition into Lake Kinneret, Israel was determined for the three hydrological years from 1992 to 1995. The fluxes of the elements and ions in the bulk deposition around the lake are fairly uniform although some local effects due to anthropogenic activity are observed; temporal effects are more pronounced. Na and Cl fluxes are greatly affected by rainfall that has passed over the Mediterranean Sea whilst Ca fluxes increase during dust storm episodes. The amount of each of the determined constituents entering the lake was calculated. The major chemical constituent entering the lake (except Ca) is SO4 whose main source is long-range transport from Europe. Enrichment factor analysis shows that the insoluble portion of the bulk deposition has the same characteristics as regional (and Saharan) dust storms, whilst the soluble portion is strongly affected by the marine environment. Significant additions to the previously known input of nitrogen and phosphorous enter the lake due to bulk deposition: 10% for nitrogen and 40% for phosphorous. The Pb content of the lake sediments correlates with Pb usage in petrol. Full experimental results are given in the electronic appendices. 相似文献
14.
齐大山铁矿尾矿矿砂对环境污染的风洞实验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在开发矿产资源的同时又面临着环境资源的破坏,以及环境的污染问题,如在采矿和冶炼中产生的弃土和尾矿等废弃物,如处理不当在风力的作用下会产生对环境的污染.本文针对齐大山铁矿尾矿进行了有关方面的风洞吹砂实验;1、干尾矿砂(含水率为0.14%),与大于起砂风速的2次方呈正比关系;2、尾矿砂的输砂率随含水量的增加而减少非常明显.因此,给尾矿砂加入一定量的水分,使其保持不低于3-4%的水分,能有效的降低尾矿砂的吹扬量。 相似文献
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针对宁夏中部干旱带压砂地土壤肥力下降、灰绿板岩矿质元素淋溶释放规律不明等问题,通过室内模拟灰绿板岩冻融干湿循环交替试验,采用修正的Elovich方程、抛物线方程、双常数速率方程、一级动力学方程对各矿质元素的累积释放曲线进行拟合,研究不同粒径板岩在冻融干湿循环作用下的释放动力学特征及最优动力学方程。结果表明：两种粒径灰绿板岩淋溶液中矿质元素淋溶总量随循环次数增大而增大,1 cm粒径灰绿板岩矿质元素累积淋溶总量、淋溶速率在不同循环次数下均大于3 cm粒径。灰绿板岩矿质元素淋溶释放是多因素共同控制的物理、化学过程,其释放过程可大致分为快速反应阶段和反应趋于平衡阶段;压砂地土壤中Ca、K、Mg、P元素的供给量运用修正的Elovich方程预测结果较好,抛物线方程更适用于描述S元素的释放规律。研究结果可为宁夏中部干旱带旱作农田土壤肥力调控提供决策参考。 相似文献
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在编制绿色投入产出表的基础上,对中国废水、大气污染物和固体废物的直接产生系数和完全产生系数进行分析,并对这三大类污染治理的单位成本和污染物治理的经济影响进行模拟。结果显示：① 电力热力的生产和供应业、化学原料及化学制品制造业、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业、石油加工及炼焦业、石油和天然气开采业等行业废水、废气和固废的完全产污系数都较高,属污染减排的重点行业。② 模拟的废水完全治理成本为6.4元/t,废气为2136元/t,固体废物为101元/t。③ 以模拟的单位治理成本进行污染物治理,将对电力热力的生产和供应业、有色金属矿采选业、黑色金属矿采选业、造纸及纸制品业、有色金属冶炼及压延加工业、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业、非金属矿物制造业等行业的产品价格影响大。 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to analyze hydrothermal gold–silver mineral deposits potential in the Taebaeksan mineralized district,
Korea, using an artificial neural network (ANN) and a geographic information system (GIS) environment. A spatial database
considering 46 Au and Ag deposits, geophysical, geological, and geochemical data was constructed for the study area using
the GIS. The geospatial factors were used with the ANN to analyze mineral potential. The Au and Ag mineral deposits were randomly
divided into a training set (70%) to analyze mineral potential using ANN and a test set (30%) to validate predicted potential
map. Four different training datasets determined from likelihood ratio and weight of evidence models were applied to analyze
and validate the effect of training. Then, the mineral potential index (MPI) was calculated using the trained back-propagation
weights, and mineral potential maps (MPMs) were constructed from GIS data for the four training cases. The MPMs were then
validated by comparison with the test mineral occurrences. The validation results gave respective accuracies of 73.06, 73.52,
70.11, and 73.10% for the training cases. The comparison results of some training cases showed less sensitive to training
data from likelihood ratio than weight of evidence. Overall, the training cases selected from 10% area with low and high index
value of MPML and MPMW gave higher accuracy (73.52 and 73.10%) for MPMs than those (73.06 and 70.11%, respectively) from known deposits and 10%
area with low index value of MPIL and MPIW. 相似文献
20.
中国矿产资源产业集聚水平测算 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选取2000～2009年中国矿产资源产业五大分行业数据,采用产业地理集中度指数和五省市行业集中度指数对中国矿产资源产业集聚水平(不包括港澳台地区)进行了测算与分析,结果表明,2000～2009年,中国矿产资源产业整体集聚水平较高,但发展速度较慢;从行业层面来看,产业地理集中指数的测算结果显示矿产资源产业各行业之间集聚程度差别较大,发展不平衡,且五大行业集聚水平均呈现先升后降的变化趋势,而五省市行业集中度的测算结果却表明五大行业之间的集聚水平差异较小,这可能是由于非金属采选企业在五省市中分布比较集中所致。 相似文献
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