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1.
Predominantly laminated lake sediments from a saline closed‐basin lake on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau were investigated using a multi‐proxy approach (14C‐accelerator mass spectrometry dating, smear‐slide analysis, loss on ignition, grain size, X‐ray diffraction, elemental concentration, ostracod assemblages, stable isotopes of ostracod shells) to trace the regional environmental and climatic history in the Lateglacial and Holocene. Before about 15 cal. ka BP, small saline water bodies probably filled the basin under unstable cold and harsh environmental conditions. Soon after about 14.9 cal. ka BP, a relatively deep saline lake was established, probably as a result of runoff from melting snow, ice and frozen ground in the lake's catchment. Large changes in flux of aeolian material to the lake were recorded during this initial period of formation of Lake Kuhai. Highest lake levels, a low sediment accumulation rate and less saline conditions were maintained between about 12.8 and 7.1 cal. ka BP when the aeolian influx diminished significantly. After about 7.1 cal. ka BP, the aeolian influx remained at a moderate level apart from a strongly increased dust delivery to the lake between about 6.1 and 5.4 cal. ka BP and a minor short‐lived period of slightly enhanced aeolian influx at about 2.7 cal. ka BP. The strongly enhanced dust input to the lake between 6.1 and 5.4 cal. ka BP represented the largest influx of aeolian material to Lake Kuhai during the entire Holocene. However, evidence for climatic deterioration during this period is not seen at most other palaeoclimate sites on the Tibetan Plateau, but instead a significant increase in aridity has been recorded at numerous sites in the northern foreland of the Tibetan Plateau and on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The large dust input to Lake Kuhai between 6.1 and 5.4 cal. ka BP probably did not result from a severe climate deterioration on the Tibetan Plateau itself, but from the pronounced aridity in its northern and eastern foreland. In contrast, the increase in dust influx about 2.7 cal. ka BP seems to correspond to a brief warming spell recorded at other sites on the Tibetan Plateau too. A slight increase in lake level and decrease in salinity after about 0.6 cal. ka BP suggests a slightly higher effective moisture during the final lake stage, accompanied by a somewhat larger dust influx. This apparent contradiction possibly results from enhanced human activities on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau during the last 600 years. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
As achieves of regional environmental changes in the past, alluvial fans have received extensive attention from geoscience community. Tectonic activity and climate change are two of the main factors affecting the development of alluvial fans. The Qilian Mountains, which is located on the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, experienced severe uplift since the Cenozoic. With the huge relief from surrounding areas, a series of alluvial fans developed at the northern foot of the Qilian Mountains. That makes it become an ideal area to study the relationships between tectonic uplift, climate change, and alluvial fan development. In order to explore how climate and tectonic changes have effect on the formation and development of alluvial fans, based on stream power model and diffusion equations, a numerical model of the drainage basin-fan system was built. Xigou River and Dayekou River with their fans in Qilian Mountains were simulated by using the above-mentioned numerical model. The results show that both the change in precipitation and the uplift rate affect the fan slope. Either the increase in the uplift rate or the decrease in precipitation causes the increment of fan slope, and vice versa. Fan slope changes linearly with the uplift rate variation, while the effect of precipitation on fan slope is relatively small. The response of catchment to tectonic activity and precipitation disturbances, as the change of sedimentary flux, is also in different patterns. The research will provide a new perspective for understanding the influence of regional tectonic activities and climate change on the geomorphological process. 相似文献
3.
以青藏高原东北部泽库剖面(ZK)风成沉积物为研究对象,利用CM-5分光测色计测定了169个样品的色度参数红度(a*)、黄度(b*)、亮度(L*)并计算饱和度(C*)和色调角(h*),在分析风成沉积物各色度参数变化特征的基础上,辅以磁化率、粒度敏感指数(SC/D)、SiO2及Fe2O3含量等指标对青藏高原东北部9.4 ka以来的环境演变进行探讨。研究结果表明:(1)色度参数a*、L*自剖面底部向上呈先增大后减小的变化特征,h*则自下而上先减小后增大。(2)色度参数可作为青藏高原东北部重建古气候的有效代用指标,a*和L*高值指示温湿环境,h*高值指示冷干环境;各色度参数指示环境的敏感性有差异,但均对气候突变反应较为灵敏,可用于判断气候突变的典型冷暖事件。(3)9.4 ka以来青藏高原东北部的环境整体呈现为由温湿向冷干发展的态势,可分为两大阶段。9 480~4 290 a BP的温湿期,气候整体呈现向温湿方向发展的趋势,表现为较温湿→温湿→较温湿的波动;4 290 a BP至今的冷干期,气候整体不断向冷干方向发展,表现为温干→温润→凉润→冷干的变化。 相似文献
4.
青海黄河源盆地早更新世以来环境演变 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
黄河源盆地位于青藏高原东北部,是黄河的源头地区,对环境和气候变化非常敏感。对黄河源盆地中的河湖相沉积物进行了孢粉分析,获得丰富的孢粉数据,结果显示孢粉组合以菊科、蒿科、藜科、禾本科、松、桦等草本和木本植物花粉为主。通过对各类植物的孢粉组合特征分析,揭示了黄河源地区早更新世以来古植被、古气候的演替和变化。其演变经历了4个阶段：第一阶段223.9～90.1万年,为森林草原环境,反映了温暖潮湿的气候;第二阶段90.1～35万年,为灌丛草原环境,反映了总体干冷的气候;第三阶段35～2.8万年,为稀树草甸草原环境,属湿润寒冷的气候;第四阶段2.8～0.8万年,为荒漠草原环境,反应干冷的气候。 相似文献
5.
钻探揭示的青藏高原东北部黄土地层与第四纪气候变化 总被引：16，自引：16，他引：0
青藏高原地表侵蚀强烈,不利于保存连续的第四纪松散沉积物,难以获得良好的高原环境变化记录.在青藏高原东北部的西宁-互助地区,堆积着厚层黄土,是认识高原第四纪环境演化和气候变化重要的信息载体.但是,由于次生黄土披覆较厚,露头剖面不完整,长久以来,对这套风成沉积没有进行过全面细致的研究.根据钻探岩芯揭示的土壤地层、磁性地层以及磁化率变化,初步认为青藏高原东北部厚层黄土堆积底界的年代大约为2.0Ma.黄土-古土壤序列可以与黄土高原中部的标准黄土地层对比,但青藏高原黄土有着更为复杂的沉积和侵蚀过程.在具有较好年代学控制的基础上,可以重建第四纪气候变化的某些细节.在冰期-间冰期时间尺度,青藏高原第四纪气候变化与中国北方气候变化对应,但是,在早更新世青藏高原古气候变化有幅度大和频率高的特点.根据与标准黄土堆积的时间序列对比,在距今129～71ka, 254～188ka, 334～279ka, 428～385ka, 576～471ka, 670～658ka, 748～706ka, 788～760ka, 883～853ka, 1000～967ka, 和1120～1061ka等时间段,青藏高原东北部古气候相对温暖湿润;其间厚层的黄土/砂层堆积,即71～12ka, 188～130ka, 380～334ka, 471～428ka, 658～576ka, 853～788ka, 1273～1265ka 和1727～1640ka等时间段则反映了寒冷干燥的气候,可能与冰川发育对应.对高原黄土堆积的环境替代性指标的深入研究,不仅可以揭示古气候变化过程,而且可能为研究青藏高原冰川变化提供有价值的线索. 相似文献
6.
六盘山东麓泾河上游河流阶地的形成年代及新构造运动意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
六盘山是研究青藏高原东北缘隆升与构造变形的关键部位,其东麓泾河河流阶地是第四纪以来六盘山构造隆升的地貌载体。通过对泾河上游河流阶地的剖面实测,厘定了河流阶地的级序,泾河上游主要发育5级河流阶地T5-T1,不同地段阶地的形态类型不同,柳树沟T5、T4和T3为堆积阶地,T2和T1为基座阶地,高家山均为侵蚀或基座阶地;利用光释光(OSL)、电子自旋共振(ESR)测年并与黄土-古土壤序列进行对比,建立了河流阶地的年代格架,T5-T1年代分别为541 ka B.P.、477 ka B.P.、279 ka B.P.、60 ka B.P.和8 ka B.P。阶地的形态类型、形成年代与气候阶段的对应关系研究表明,泾河上游河流阶地以构造隆升驱动为主,气候变化影响为辅;541~279 ka B.P.期间柳树沟地区为堆积区,堆积速率为0.31 m/ka,而高家山为构造隆升区,河流下切速率为0.37 m/ka,堆积速率与侵蚀速率基本一致,说明T5、T4和T3阶面上较厚的砾石层是六盘山隆升的相关沉积;279 ka B.P.时期由于六盘山快速隆升驱使山前柳树沟地区由堆积区转为侵蚀区,河流侵蚀作用加强造成T2、T1平均下切速率增大为1.13 m/ka,这次地貌转换事件是在青藏高原扩展隆升的背景下六盘山向东挤出隆升的结果。研究结果为青藏高原东北缘以面积和体积扩张的观点提供了新的依据。 相似文献
7.
EMMANUELLE DUCASSOU SÉBASTIEN MIGEON THIERRY MULDER ANNE MURAT LUCILLA CAPOTONDI STEFANO M. BERNASCONI JEAN MASCLE 《Sedimentology》2009,56(7):2061-2090
This paper presents an overview of the evolution of the Nile deep‐sea turbidite system during the last 200 kyr, over a series of glacial to interglacial cycles. Six individual deep‐sea fans were identified from an extensive field data set. Each fan comprises a canyon, channel system and terminal lobes. Two of these fan systems were possibly active at the same time, at least during some periods. Large‐scale slope failures destroyed channel segments and caused the formation of new submarine fan systems. These slope failures thus played an important role in the overall evolution of the turbidite system. During the last glacial maximum (ca 25 to 14·8 ka) the central and eastern parts of the Nile deep‐sea turbidite system were relatively inactive. This inactivity corresponds to a lowstand in sea‐level, and a period of arid climate and relatively low sediment discharge from the Nile fluvial system. Rapid accumulation of fluvial flood‐derived deposits occurred across the shallower part of the submarine delta during sea‐level rise between ca 14·8 and 5 ka. The most recent deep‐sea channel–lobe system was very active during this period of rising sea‐level, which is also associated with a wetter continental climate and increased sediment and water discharge from the Nile. Increased sediment deposition in shallower water areas led to occasional large‐scale slope failure. The Nile deep‐sea turbidite system was largely inactive after ca 5 ka. This widespread inactivity is due to retreat of the coastline away from the continental shelf break, and to a more arid continental climate and reduced discharge of sediment from the Nile. The Nile deep‐sea turbidite system may be more active during periods of rising and high sea‐level associated with wetter climates, than during lowstands, and may rapidly become largely inactive during highstands in sea‐level coupled with arid periods. These acute responses to climate change have produced sedimentary/stratigraphic features that diverge from traditional sequence models in their nature and timing. This large‐scale sedimentary system responded to monsoon‐driven climate change and sea‐level change in a system‐wide and contemporaneous manner. 相似文献
8.
The northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP) of China is located at the triple junction of the Asian winter and summer monsoons and the westerlies, where paleoclimatic evolution has an important scientific significance for recognizing the spatial-temporal pattern of Asian monsoons in the past and predicting environmental change in the future. Nevertheless, the framework of the Holocene moisture variation and related mechanisms remain controversial, owing to complex hydroclimatic conditions triggered by the landform of the large mountain-arid basin. Here, we employed geochemical proxies from typical aeolian sand-palaeosol sequences in the Gonghe Basin, northeastern QTP, together with Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL) dating, to reconstruct the pattern of effective moisture variation and associated mechanisms in this region. Our results indicate that the regional effective moisture was at its lowest until 9–8 ka, and approached a maximum during 8–4/3 ka of the middle Holocene. Afterwards, the climate became relatively dry in general, but with a transient humid interval around 2–1 ka. Our geochemical evidence indicates that the dry early Holocene probably can be attributed to a strong winter monsoon forced by remnant ice sheet, combined with the high evaporation caused by solar insolation. Also, shifts of humid-dry are closely linked to the Asian summer monsoonal strength and therefore the balance of evaporation-precipitation in the middle and late Holocene. Thus, the pattern of the Holocene effective moisture variation is characterized as the ‘monsoon model' in a closed intermontane arid and semi-arid basin near the western Asian monsoonal limit. 相似文献
9.
青藏高原内陆封闭湖泊的水体演化是古气候变化的良好地质载体,其中湖泊古湖岸线变迁蕴含了丰富的地质信息,对其识别和研究是认识导致湖泊退缩的气候或构造变化的关键。色林错是青藏高原第二大内陆湖泊,保存了一系列古湖岸线。我们对色林错东北岸保存完好的古湖岸线进行了研究。对这些古湖岸线样品中的石英颗粒使用单片再生法(Singlealiquot regeneration)进行OSL测年,测定年龄分别为12.2±0.8 ka、6.3±0.4 ka和2.3±0.2 ka。表明色林错在约12.2 ka、6.3 ka和2.3 ka±至少出现了3次阶段性湖泊收缩过程。 相似文献
10.
Through a comprehensive study of magnetostratigraphy and sedimentology of several basins in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, we reveal that the study area mainly experienced six tectonic uplift stages at approximately 52 Ma, 34–30 Ma, 24–20 Ma, 16–12 Ma, 8–6 Ma, and 3.6–2.6 Ma. Comprehensive analyses of pollen assemblages from the Qaidam, Linxia, Xining, and West Jiuquan Basins show that the northeastern Tibetan Plateau has undergone six major changes in vegetation types and climate: 50–40 Ma for the warm-humid forest vegetation, 40–23 Ma for the warm-arid and temperate-arid forest steppe vegetation, 23–18.6 Ma for the warm-humid and temperatehumid forest vegetation, 18.6–8.5 Ma for the warm-humid and cool-humid forest steppe vegetation, 8.6–5 Ma for the temperate sub-humid savanna steppe vegetation, and 5–1.8 Ma for the cold-arid steppe vegetation. Comprehensive comparisons of tectonic uplift events inferred from sedimentary records, climatic changes inferred from pollen, and global climate changes show that in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau the climate in the Paleogene at low altitude was mainly controlled by the global climate change, while that in the Neogene interval with high altitude landscapes of mountains and basins is more controlled by altitude and morphology. 相似文献
11.
青藏高原东缘是全球古滑坡最发育的地区之一。基于大量地面调查、遥感解译和年龄测试资料,总结了青藏高原东缘深切河谷区古滑坡的判识方法、主要发育特征、形成时代和分布规律。结果表明,古滑坡具有规模巨大、高位起动、物质组成和结构复杂等特征,其空间分布与地形地貌、岩性组合和活动构造等因素关系密切。古滑坡在区域上受气候变化影响较明显,一般形成于河流强烈下切阶段,与河流阶地具有较好的对应关系,多数已发现的古滑坡与T2阶地时代相当,时间跨度为40~10 ka,集中分布于30~20 ka。构造活动和地震造成古滑坡在不同区段的分布具有差异性,一般在活动断裂带附近密集发育,现今发现的古滑坡多为这种成因。这些认识对于科学认知古滑坡的形成演化过程和未来巨灾风险预测具有重要的指导作用。 相似文献
12.
西宁盆地谢家剖面车头沟组底部木化石的发现及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
首次在西宁盆地谢家剖面车头沟组底部发现原始埋藏的钙质木化石不仅填补了植物大化石缺失的历史,同时对研究青藏高原东北部的植物生态环境演化和构造运动具有重要意义。通过对木化石埋藏特征、层位地层岩性和沉积环境的综合分析,认为其为近水河岸生长的成年乔木化石,株距3－8米不等,形成具有一定空间结构的植物群落,后期由于附近山地的隆起和该区气候向干旱化发展,植物遭受掩埋后经过石膏的交代作用进而形成硫酸钙质化石,说明该地区气候从中新世早中期开始恶化加剧。 相似文献
13.
ZHANG Zhigang XU Xiaobin WANG Jian ZHAO Zhijun BAI Shibiao and CHANG ZhiYang 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(6):1863-1874
The last deglaciation, a key period for understanding present and future climate changes, has long been the hot topic for palaeoclimatological study. The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP) is often a target study area for understanding hemispheric, or even global environment changes. The glacial landforms on the QTP provide a unique perspective for its climate change. In order to investigate the onset of the last deglaciation at the QTP and its regional correlation, the terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides(TCN) 10 Be and 26 Al surface exposure dating was chosen to date the roche moutonnée, the polished surface and the moraine debris located at the palaeo-Daocheng Ice Cap(pDIC), southeastern QTP. Our results show that the onset of the last deglaciation is at about 19 ka, followed by another warming event occurring around 15 ka in the p-DIC area. These timings agree well with other records, e.g. equivalent with a rapid sea level rise at 19 ka and the onset of B?lling warming event at about 15 ka. Thus, our new data can provide good reveal constraint on the climate evolution at the QTP. 相似文献
14.
青藏高原东北缘古近纪—新近纪地层的精确时代和高原隆升扩展何时影响到东北缘地区一直是地质学家争论的焦点。此次以青藏高原东北缘隆德观音店剖面为研究对象,采用碎屑锆石U-Pb测年方法,结合区域古生物化石鉴定、古地磁测年结果,针对上述两个问题提出了新的认识。测试分析发现,青藏高原东北缘古近系清水营组上部碎屑锆石年龄序列中最年轻的峰值为17.8 Ma,研究得出如下两个认识:清水营组的沉积时代应归属于晚渐新世—早中新世,区域上具有穿时性;青藏高原隆升向东北方向的扩展推挤作用在早中新世时期就开始影响到了海原-六盘山断裂带以西地区,区域上构造-沉积-气候之间具有协同演化的耦合关系。这一研究成果为青藏高原隆升向东推挤扩展影响到东北缘地区的起始时限提供了新的时间标尺。 相似文献
15.
通过对柴达木盆地察尔汗古湖贝壳堤沉积物中酸溶与残留(酸不溶)组分中常、微量元素及其元素对的分析,并结合酸溶与残留组分中常、微量元素相关性对比,讨论了贝壳堤剖面元素地球化学指标和沉积环境之间的关系,指出酸溶组分中的常量、微量元素及其元素对可以作为湖泊和古气候演化良好的代用指标;残留组分中的元素及元素对与原岩及其风化程度紧密相关,因此,酸溶组分与残留组分中的常量和微量元素在对于环境响应模式存在一定差异,应该将二者分开研究以避免对元素所携带环境信号解译的偏差。根据元素地球化学指标重建了43.5～22.4cal.kaB.P.(39.7～17.5kaB.P.14C年代)柴达木盆地察尔汗古湖高湖面期间古气候与环境演变过程:43.5～31.7kaB.P.期间酸溶组分中元素含量总体较低,残留组分中元素含量相对较高,且湿润度值((Fe2O3+Al2O3)/(MgO+CaO),或H)处于高值段,而Ca/Mg,Fe/Mn和Rb/Sr则处于低值段,指示了温暖湿润的气候环境,古湖泊水体增加;其中37.8～31.7kaB.P.期间酸溶组分中元素含量多出现最低值,残留组分中元素含量富集,H值较高,而Ca/Mg,Fe/Mn和Rb/Sr此段均值最小,表明此时为环境的最适宜期,此期间降雨充沛,湖泊处于高湖面;在31.7～22.4kaB.P.期间酸溶组分中元素含量普遍较高,残留组分中元素含量相对富集,且Ca/Mg,Fe/Mn和Rb/Sr处于高值段波动,H值处在低值段,指示气候环境恶化,降水逐渐减少,古湖泊水体萎缩;在约22.4kaB.P.气候快速恶化,形成石盐结晶,高湖面历史结束。柴达木盆地该期高湖面及其演化过程可与腾格里沙漠和额济纳盆地-巴丹吉林沙漠高湖面记录进行对比,揭示了大范围气候变化的历史。 相似文献
16.
The upper reaches of the Yellow River in northeastern Tibetan Plateau are geohazards areas. The evolution of the Yellow River, chronology of some landslides, and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of super large scale and giant landslides within the region are summarized using paleoclimate evidence, and the relationship between the intensive landslide period and climatic changes since the Last Glacial period is analyzed. It is concluded that(1) Super large scale and giant landslides are distributed widely within the region, particularly in the Qunke-Jianzha basin.(2) The chronological sequence of landslides is established by dating the slip zones of landslides and analyzing the relations between landslides and their overlying or underlying loess formations. Five landslide development periods are determined: 53–49 ka BP, 33–24 ka BP, 10–8 ka BP, 5–3.5 ka BP, and the present.(3) These correspond closely to warm and wet periods during the last 100,000 years, i.e., two weak paleosol development stages of Malan loess deposited during the last Glacial period in the Chinese loess Plateau, L1-4 and L1-2 that belong to the marine oxygen isotope stage 3, the last deglacial period, the Holocene Optimum, and the modern global warming period.(4) Landslide triggers may be closely linked to warm and wet periods related to rapid climatic transitions. 相似文献
17.
Pradeep Srivastava Surendra S. Bhakuni Khayingshing Luirei Dileep K. Misra 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(2):175-188
Morphological and sedimentary records at the exit of Brahmaputra River at Pasighat in the NE Himalaya inform about the climate–tectonic interplay during the past ca. 15 ka. The geomorphology of the area comprises (1) fan terrace T3, (2) a high‐angle fan (3) terrace T2, (4) terrace T1 and (5) a low‐angle fan. Geomorphic consideration suggests that the fan terrace T3 and high‐angle fans are the oldest units and were coeval. The low‐angle fan is the youngest geomorphic unit. Sedimentological studies and optically stimulated luminescence chronology suggest that (i) fan terrace T3 formed between 13 and 10.5 ka and comprised multiple events of debris flows separated by the aggradation as channel bars in a braided river environment; (ii) the high‐angle fan formed during 15–10 ka and comprises channel bar aggradation in braided river conditions; (iii) terrace T2 formed during 10–8 ka due to aggradation in a braided channel environment with lesser events of debris flows; (iv) terrace T1 formed during <7 and 3 ka took place as bars of the braided river. Sudden coarsening of the sediment indicated a tectonic rejuvenation in the provenance region between 7 and 3 ka; and (v) the low‐angle fans dated to <3 ka formed due to aggradation in a small tributary joining the Brahmaputra River. This implies a phase when the main channel of the Brahmaputra did not flood regularly and the tributaries were actively aggrading. The sedimentation style and incision of these geomorphic units responded to contemporary climatic changes and uplift in the Siwalik range along the Himalayan Frontal Fault. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
川西高原位于高原气候区和季风气候区的过渡位置,该地区的气候特征对于认识青藏高原对周边气候的影响具有重要意义。通过对漳腊黄土剖面的14C年代测试、地层对比,结合粒度-年龄模型建立了剖面的年代序列。测试了粒度、色度、磁化率和碳酸盐等指标,建立了剖面的气候演化序列。结果表明,剖面记录了104 ka以来的气候变化过程。漳腊黄土粒度在MIS（深海氧同位素阶段）3和MIS4阶段的中值粒径接近,分别为17.6 μm和17.7 μm,反映了期间有一次高原隆升。漳腊黄土粒度曲线记录了多个粒度变粗和变细事件,粒度在H（海因里希）2时明显粗于H1,表明受到了高纬气候系统的影响。另外还存在2个明显的粒度变细事件,分别发生在处于MIS3的28~31 ka和42~45 ka,是低纬气候系统影响的结果。漳腊黄土研究结果表明川西高原气候系统影响因素的复杂性。 相似文献
19.
在西藏纳木错沿岸,发育了6级湖岸阶地及拔湖48～139.2m的高位湖相沉积.根据湖相沉积的U系法测年和孢粉分析结果,本文探讨了纳木错及邻区末次间冰期(MIS5)以来的古植被、古气候与湖面变化.研究表明,纳木错与邻区的湖面变化可以划分为116～37kaB.P.间的古大湖--"羌塘东湖"期、37～30kaB.P.间的"古纳木错"外流湖-残余古大湖期和30kaB.P.以来的纳木错-藏北湖群期等3大阶段.在MIS5的古大湖阶段,包括纳木错、色林错等藏北高原东南部的众多大、中型湖泊,是互相连通的一个大湖,其范围可能超过了现代的藏北内、外流(怒江)水系的分水岭.在MIS5e末的最高湖面时期,湖面面积可达78800km2,它或许还与藏北高原西南部和中南部的其他古大湖相连,成为面积巨大的网格状深水大湖--"羌塘湖".通过纳木错湖面变化曲线与西昆仑古里雅、格陵兰、南极等冰芯和深海岩芯的氧同位素变化曲线的对比可以发现,全球MIS5的气温要高于末次冰期间冰阶(MIS3),此时藏北高原为气候温和轻爽与湖面最高的大湖期;在末次冰期的两个冰阶(MIS4和MIS2)中,湖面明显下降,邻近的念青唐古拉山发育了小型山谷冰川;而在间冰阶MIS3中,其气候波动的幅度,要比世界其他地区更加明显,湖面波动也较大,特别是36～35kaB.P.间,气温和湿度都较今略高或较高,但不及MIS1中的全新世气候最宜时期的暖湿程度.总之,MIS5和MIS3是亚洲夏季风强烈时期,但前者的强烈程度应大于后者. 相似文献
20.
阿北凹陷位于内蒙古二连盆地东北部,面积约600 km2,是二连盆地勘探潜力最大的凹陷之一。针对阿北凹陷复杂的地质构造,充分利用岩心、录井、测井以及地震等资料,详细分析了阿北凹陷北部陡坡带下白垩统近岸水下扇沉积特征和分布规律。研究表明,近岸水下扇和扇三角洲在岩相组合、沉积构造、粒度特征、电性特征和地震反射特征方面均有较大区别,综合反映以重力流为主的沉积环境。阿尔善期北部陡坡带发育大规模水下扇,扇体规模自下而上逐渐向北部物源方向减小,到腾格尔期沉积了一大套深湖—半深湖暗色泥岩,近岸水下扇砂砾岩体下切到深湖—半深湖暗色泥岩中,决定了研究区近岸水下扇砂体具有优越的成藏条件。 相似文献