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联合卫星重力、卫星测高和海洋资料研究中国南海海平面变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用卫星测高、GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)卫星重力和海洋实测与模式资料,在季节和年际尺度上,探讨了海水比容变化和海水质量变化对中国南海海平面变化的影响.在季节尺度上,利用测高和ECCO(Estimation of the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean)模式得到的南海海水质量引起的海平面变化的周年振幅和GRACE卫星独立观测的结果在地理分布上有很好的一致性.GRACE卫星观测到海水质量引起的南海平均海平面变化具有明显的季节性变化,其周年振幅为(2.7±0.4)cm;利用另一种独立的方法(测高减比容)得到的平均海平面周年振幅为(2.7±0.3)cm,两者符合得很好.在年际尺度上,南海平均海平面变化表现出明显的年际变化特征,且主要为比容海平面变化的贡献.卫星测高结果表明,1993～2009年的南海平均海平面变化为(5.5±0.7)mm/a,明显高于同期全球平均海平面变化趋势(3.3±0.4)mm/a.GRACE卫星观测到的海水质量变化没有表现出明显的趋势信号,这说明南海整体上与周边海域或陆地水的水循环是平衡的. 相似文献
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LIU Jiyuan XU Xinliang ZHUANG Dafang & GAO Zhiqiang Institute of Geographical Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,(8)
Land resources (quantity and quality) and climate condition are two of the most important factors that regulate regional agriculture productivity. Climate and land-use have had great changes in the past decades, and hence are expected to impact crop productivity significantly. Climate change will affect crop produc-tivity through alterations of, for example, light, heat, temperature, precipitation. Land-use and land-cover change (LUCC) directly affects potential land produc-tivity by changin… 相似文献
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NRLMSISE-00大气模型广泛应用于航天器定轨和预测等方面,但存在着较大的误差,尤其是在短期变化方面.为了提高低轨道大气密度短期预报的精度,我们提出了一种基于实测数据对NRLMSISE-00大气模型密度结果进行修正预报的方法:利用GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)和CHAMP(Challenging Mini-Satellite Payload)卫星2002-2008年大气密度探测数据对NRLMSISE-00模型进行误差分析,获得模型的修正因子,再对模型的大气密度结果进行修正.采用该修正方法对GRACE-A和CHAMP卫星轨道上的大气密度进行3天短期预报试验验证,结果表明可显著提高大气密度的预报精度,在太阳活动低年,修正后的大气密度预报误差比NRLMSISE-00模型误差降低50%以上. 相似文献
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GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)重力卫星任务的成功实施,极大推进了极地冰盖质量平衡、全球水循环和海水质量变化等领域的研究,其后续任务GRACE-FO(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On)于2018年5月成功发射,但两个卫星任务存在近一年的观测空白期.Swarm卫星于2013年11月成功发射,其任务由三颗在低轨道高度绕地球运行的卫星组成,搭载有GPS接收器、加速度计等装置,使得Swarm卫星具有恢复静态和时变重力场的能力.本文利用Swarm卫星观测反演格陵兰岛冰盖质量变化,通过与GRACE、GRACE-FO结果进行对比,验证其确定地表质量变化的能力,并基于GRACE、Swarm和GRACE-FO数据建立了2002年4月-2020年5月格陵兰岛冰盖质量变化时间序列,进一步利用温度和降水数据探讨冰盖消融的原因.结果表明:1)2013年12月-2017年6月,利用GRACE数据和Swarm数据确定的格陵兰岛冰盖质量变化时间序列的相关系数为0.652;2)2018年6月-2019年6月,基于GRACE-FO数据和Swarm数据得到格陵兰岛冰盖质量变化时间序列的相关系数为0.518;3)2002年4月-2020年5月格陵兰岛冰盖质量下降速率为-11.174±0.109 cm·a-1,非季节性冰盖质量异常在2013年4月出现极小值;4)在2010年8月-2017年6月,格陵兰岛地区温度异常和径流量异常升高,以及降水量异常减少,在一定程度上,加剧了该地区的冰盖消融.本文研究表明Swarm卫星具有探测地球时变重力场的能力,可填补GRACE和GRACE-FO任务之间的空白. 相似文献
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Variation of precipitation for the last 300 years over the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
ZHENG Jingyun HAO Zhixin & GE Quansheng Institute of Geographical Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(12):2182-2193
Reconstruction of high-resolution historical climatic series is the key issue for Past Global Changes (PAGES) and Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR), the two core projects of the international research programme on global changes. High-resolu- tion historical climatic data are vital for our under-standing the mechanisms of climatic variability, im-proving climate model, and distinguishing anthropo-genic effects from the natural forcing on climate change[1,2]. China, with co… 相似文献
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<正>GPS(Global Positioning System,全球定位系统)无线电掩星技术具有全球覆盖、垂直分辨率高等优点,为电离层的研究提供了十分丰富的资料。本论文的研究主要基于COSMIC(Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate)掩星电离层数据,详细介绍了电离层的基本理论;阐述利用掩星技术探测电离层的基本原理;针对COSMIC掩星数据分布特点,建立了数据分析和研究方法;目前的研究对电离层物理量不同区域分布差 相似文献
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Using the temperature profiles retrieved from the Mars Climate Sounder(MCS) instrument onboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter(MRO) satellite between November 2006 and April 2013, we studied the seasonal and interannual variability of QuasiStationary Planetary Waves(QSPWs) in the Martian middle atmosphere. The QSPW amplitudes in the Southern Hemisphere(SH) high latitudes are significantly stronger than those in the Northern Hemisphere(NH). Seasonal variation with maximum amplitude near winter solstice of each hemisphere is clearly seen. The vertical structure of the QSPW in temperature shows double-layer feature with one peak near 50 Pa and the other peak near 1 Pa. The QSPW in geopotential height is clearly maximized in the region between two temperature peaks. The maximum amplitude of QSPW for s=1 is ~8–10 K in temperature and ~1 km in geopotential height in the SH high latitudes. The maximum amplitude at the SH high latitudes in Mars Year(MY) 31 is ~2 K stronger than those in other MYs, suggesting the clear interannual variability. We compared the satellite results with those obtained from the Mars Climate Database(MCD) simulation version 5.0; a reasonable agreement was found. The MCD simulation further suggested that the variability of dust might partially contribute to the interannual variability of QSPW amplitude. 相似文献
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本文采用最新的GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)(RL05)数据,通过水文模型(Global Land Data Assimilation System,GLDAS与Climate Prediction Center,CPC)扣除土壤水及雪水的影响,利用Paulson提供的冰川模型结果扣除GIA(Glacial Isostatic Adjustment)的影响,采用尺度因子的方法减少数据处理过程中误差的影响,最终基于最小二乘计算方法得到2003—2013中国及周边地区长期性重力异常变化情况.结果发现青藏高原有较为明显的重力上升信号,我们认为该信号可能由印度板块俯冲欧亚板块导致青藏高原地壳增厚所引起.接着依据GPS观测结果和艾黎均衡假说构建了地壳形变模型并通过直立长方体模型予以正演模拟分析.以班公湖—怒江断裂带为界将青藏高原划分为南北两大区块,结果显示青藏高原重力异常大致以0.2μGal·a-1的速率在递增,小于GRACE得到的0.3±0.08μGal·a-1的增长速率(对应于地壳增厚速率约3mm·a-1),剩余未解释部分可能与湖水、冰川因素、冻土因素等有关.该结果对于认识青藏高原隆升动力学有一定参考意义. 相似文献
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GRACE(Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)卫星计划为监测陆地水储量变化提供了有效技术手段.本文采用2003至2010年共计8年的GRACE月重力场模型反演中国西南区域陆地水储量变化,与GLDAS(Global Land Data Assimilation System)全球水文模型进行对比分析,其结果在时空分布上均符合较好,同时在2009年秋至2010年春该区域陆地水储量均呈现明显减少,与该时段云贵川三省的干旱事件相一致;比较分析了2009年秋至2010年春GRACE反演陆地水储量变化与TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)合成数据计算的月降雨量的时空分布,两组结果均与西南干旱事件对应时段与区域十分吻合;对近8年的陆地水储量变化与月降雨量数据进行相关性分析,其结果表明陆地水储量变化与降雨量强相关,即降雨量是导致陆地水储量变化的主要因素;分析该区域地表温度变化,结果显示2009年9月至2010年3月地表温度均比历史同期高,地表温度的升高加剧了陆地水储量的减少. 相似文献
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本文利用GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) 卫星重力资料研究了亚马逊流域2002-2010年的陆地水变化,并与水文模式和降雨资料进行了比较分析.在年际尺度上,GRACE结果表明:2002-2003年和2005年,亚马逊流域发生明显的干旱现象;2007年至2009年,陆地水呈逐年增加的趋势,并在2009年6月变化值达到最大,为772±181 km3;自2009年6月至2010年12月,陆地水总量又急剧减少了1139±262 km3,这相当于全球海平面上升3.2±0.7 mm所需的水量.水文模式得到的亚马逊流域陆地水在2010年也表现出明显的减少.降雨资料与GRACE观测资料有很好的一致性.在2005年和2010年的干旱期,亚马逊流域的降雨显著减少,说明降雨是亚马逊流域陆地水变化的重要因素.此外,本文采用的尺度因子的方法有效地降低了GRACE后处理误差的影响. 相似文献
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在固定的坐标系下,讨论了直立长方体水平运动与其外部的重力场变化之间的关系,建立了地壳水平运动与地球外部重力场变化的数学模型。根据此模型,并参考直立长方体大小以及地形等因素,用2003～2008年GRACE(Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)卫星数据计算地球外部重力场变化,基于PSO算法(ParticleSwarm Optimization Algorithm)反演中国西部地区地壳水平运动速率。反演结果表明:中国西部地壳水平运动具有整体由南向北、且伴有向东运动的特征;地壳水平运动表现为不均匀,除昆明区域(地壳由北向南运动)外,在南北方向上地壳水平运动速率具有从南向北逐渐递减的趋势。青藏高原南北方向运动速率为10～35 mm/a,东西方向运动速率1～25 mm/a;塔里木盆地南北方向运动速率5～15 mm/a,东西方向运动速率4～7 mm/a。 相似文献
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Distributions of fatty acids in a stalagmite related to paleoclimate change at Qingjiang in Hubei,southern China 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
XIE Shucheng HUANG Junhua WANG Hongmei YI Yi HU Chaoyong CAI Yanjun & CHENG Hai . Faculty of Earth Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan China . School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan China . SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China . Department of Geology Geophysics University of Minnesota MN USA 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1463-1469
~~Distributions of fatty acids in a stalagmite related to paleoclimate change at Qingjiang in Hubei,southern China1. Dorale, J. A., Edward, R. L., Ito, E. et al., Climate and vegetation history of mid-continent from 75 to 25 ka: A speleothem record from Crevice Cave, Missouri, USA, Science, 1998, 282(5395): 1871-1874.
2. Li, B., Yuan, D., Qin, J. et al., Oxygen and carbon isotopic char- acteristics of rainwater, drip water and present speleofhems in a cave in Guilin area, and thei… 相似文献
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Lake sediment records on climate change and human activities since the Holocene in Erhai catchment,Yunnan Province,China 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15
R. Matsumoto 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(3):353-363
Climate of Yunnan Plateau is mainly controlledby the system of southwest Asian monsoon, and alsoaffected by westerlies and local climate of the Qing-hai-Tibet Plateau. Since the Cenozoic, a large numberof structural lake basins have formed with the uplift ofthe Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[1]. As the information aboutthe climate and environment change was faithfullydocumented in lake sediments, which have the char-acteristics of continuity, high resolution, abundant in-formation, lake sediments p… 相似文献
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Chris M DEBEER Howard S WHEATER William L QUINTON Sean K CAREY Ronald E STEWART Murray D MACKAY Philip MARSH 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2015,(1):46-60
Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes,with widespread cryospheric,ecological,and hydrological impacts globally,and especially in high northern latitudes.This is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental management.The Changing Cold Regions Network(CCRN)is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand,diagnose,and predict changing land,water,and climate,and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in Canada.The network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water,Ecosystem,Cryosphere and Climate(WECC)observatories within this region,which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction,as well as develop and test numerical simulation models,and provide validation data for remote sensing products.This paper describes this network and its observational,experimental,and modelling programme.An overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided,and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are described.Several of the model products being developed are discussed,and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular,the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is highlighted.Some future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper. 相似文献
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Impacts of land-use and climate changes on ecosystem productivity and carbon cycle in the cropping-grazing transitional zone in China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
GAO Zhiqiang LIU Jiyuan CAO Mingkui LI Kerang & TAO Bo Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1479-1491
Terrestrial ecosystems are both a carbon source and sink, therefore play an important role in the global carbon cycle that act as a link of interactions between human activities and climate changes[1,2]. Climate change impacts ecosystem carbon cycle through af- fecting biological processes, e.g. plant photosynthesis, respiration, and soil carbon decomposition. Land-use change directly modifies the distribution and structure of terrestrial ecosystems and hence the carbon storage and fluxes. Usi… 相似文献
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Huanhuan ZHU Zhihong JIANG Laurent LI Wei LI Sheng JIANG Panyu ZHOU Weihao ZHAO Tong LI 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2023,(9):2125-2141
Climate change adaptation and relevant policy-making need reliable projections of future climate. Methods based on multi-model ensemble are generally considered as the most efficient way to achieve the goal. However, their efficiency varies and inter-comparison is a challenging task, as they use a variety of target variables, geographic regions, time periods, or model pools.Here, we construct and use a consistent framework to evaluate the performance of five ensemble-processing methods, i.e., mu... 相似文献
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本文指出了最新的国际地球参考框架ITRF（International Terrestrial Reference Frame）2005已不能满足当今毫米级地球动态变化监测的需要.提出了利用ITRF2005、SBL/GGFC（Special Bureau for Loading/Global Geophysical Fluids Center）和GRACE（Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment）等卫星的最新成果,构建毫米级地球参考框架的方案,介绍了对其两个关键问题：地壳非线性运动特征∑RΔXiR(t)和地球质心运动ΔX0(t)的空间技术（GPS,VLBI,SLR和GRACE）监测和地球物理因素模制的方法和一些初步结果,并对目前建立和实现毫米级地球参考框架存在的问题和所能达到的精度进行了初步评估. 相似文献
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利用CSR(Center for Space Research)发布的GRACE RL05月重力场模型数据,通过水文模型GLDAS(Global Land Data Assimilation System)和CPC(Climate Prediction Center)扣除土壤水和雪水的影响,根据冰川模型扣除GIA(Global Isostatic Adjustment)的影响,采用P3M6去相关滤波和300 km扇形滤波,基于最小二乘拟合的方法得到日本M_W 9.0地震的同震及断层上下盘两个特征点重力变化时间序列,利用PSGRN/PSCMP模型对日本M_W 9.0地震区域黏滞性进行了反演,并计算了同震及震后5年研究区域重力变化的空间分布.结果表明,扣除土壤水和冰川均衡调整因素的影响,同震重力变化为-5.2×10~(-8)～2.9×10~(-8) ms~(-2);两个特征点在震后5年重力均增加,下盘重力增加较大;日本M_W 9.0地震区域黏滞性横向差异较明显,断层上下盘的地幔黏滞系数分别为2.5×10~(18) Pa·s、5.0×10~(17) Pa·s时,与GRACE观测值较接近,综合考虑断层上下盘的震后重力变化,区域黏滞系数大约为1.5×10~(18) Pa·s. 相似文献