共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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从时空GIS视野来定量分析人类行为的思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从面向城市科学发展所必须的人类行为研究需求出发,从时空GIS的视野来看人类行为研究的基础问题与研究方法,剖析时空GIS对定量分析人类行为研究中的理想与现实间的鸿沟,以及所存在的理论与方法挑战,总结了时空GIS支撑人类行为研究的能力与不足,为大数据时代的人类行为研究前沿探索拓展思路。 相似文献
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面向"人"地学可视化中的"人".主要从地学可视化系统的使用者(简称"应用人"),从地学可视化要表达的地球表层系统地理环境中的社会人(简称"社会人").以及从作为能地理认知与思维、能表达/传递地理知识及知识创新的"人"(简称"知识人")3个方面定义.从上述3个方面建立了面向"人"的地学可视化概念框架.在面向"应用人"方面,主要介绍了协同可视化以及自我参照可视化;在面向"社会人"方面,主要阐述个体日常行为时空路径可视化、群体行为模拟可视化,以及社会关系网络可视化;在面向"知识人"方面,主要讨论知识可视化.本文最后从本体框架、信息采集与获取技术、数据组织与表达模型、可视化表达方法、主体概念方面,对于面向"人"GIS以及可视化的关键问题与技术进行了探讨. 相似文献
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土地利用动态监测中的时空数据模型研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
针对传统GIS数据模型存在的问题,开展了基于特征的时空数据模型研究.结合我国土地利用动态监测,提出了一个新的时空数据模型-基于变化特征状态的时空数据模型(SCFSTDM),该模型保持了地理现象的完整性,地理信息的完备性以及时空专题信息的有机集成,模型有利于面向目标定向分析方法的应用和时空分析与推理的实现,有利于地理数据的共享,设计和开发了基于SCFSTDM的时态土地利用信息系统,实现了基于特征实例的时空复合查询,时空推理以及动态播放等功能. 相似文献
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表示和查询人的时空分布的一个面向行为的时空数据模型设计 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
人的动态时空分布信息有着重要的现实应用意义。人在一定时间的动态分布是该时间内人参与活动和出行时序模式在时间和空间的表现。针对人的动态时空分布表示和可视化查询目的,提出一个在GIS环境下面向行为的时空数据模型。查询能够分别基于人、时间和位置。将基于这个数据模型的原型系统在MAPGIS软件平台上给以实施,并以宁波一区域为例,将原型系统予以实现和检验。 相似文献
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Assessing Similarity of Geographic Processes and Events 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
The increased availability of spatiotemporal data collected from satellite imagery and other remote sensors provides opportunities for enhanced analysis of geographic phenomena. Much of the new data includes regular snapshots of the environment. Comparison of these snapshots can provide information about changes to the phenomena of interest. However, conventional GIS data models and analytical tools lack capabilities to adequately handle massive multidimensional data. One of the fundamental tools necessary to meet such challenges is query support to retrieve and summarize data according to dynamic geographic phenomena, such as geographic events and processes, of interest. Such query support depends upon abilities to assess spatiotemporal similarity so that data representing geographic events that exhibit the spatiotemporal characteristics of interest can be identified in a GIS database. To this end, this paper introduces a method to assess similarity of geographic events and processes (such as storms) based on their spatiotemporal characteristics (such as distribution of precipitation). We developed six indices to capture static and dynamic characteristics of geographic events and applied the Dynamic Time Warping method to temporal sequences of the six indices to examine the similarity among these events. With a case study, we demonstrated the proposed indices and method capable of comparing spatiotemporal characteristics of events as recorded in a GIS database and categorizing spatiotemporal data into groups of events according to their behavior in space and time. 相似文献
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Dynamic GIS Case Studies: Wildfire Evacuation and Volunteered Geographic Information 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Edward Pultar Martin Raubal Thomas J Cova Michael F Goodchild 《Transactions in GIS》2009,13(S1):85-104
Incorporating the temporal element into traditional GIS is a challenge that has been researched for many years and has many proposed solutions. The implemented system "Extended Dynamic GIS" or EDGIS is based on the "geo-atom" and Space Time Point (STP). EDGIS provides a platform for spatiotemporal data representation, storage, and query in order to address the need for a dynamic GIS to manage complex geographic data types. The system has the capability of executing spatiotemporal object interaction queries (OIQs) such as crossing and coincidence of field-objects and object-fields. In this article existing dynamic GIS analysis techniques are further improved and enhanced through exploration of more in-depth case studies. Further examined here are applications to wildfire evacuation modeling and travel scenarios of urban environments with individuals providing volunteered geographic information (VGI). The EDGIS platform provides a means for interacting with a range of dynamic geographic phenomena. The areas of transportation, location based services (LBS), hazards, and geo-sensor networks provide challenges intertwined with the above applications as well as additional challenges pertinent to the ongoing GIScience research topic of spatiotemporal GIS. Using EDGIS to explore the described case studies of wildfire evacuation as well as VGI provides the advancements described above and demonstrates implemented uses for dynamic GIS. 相似文献
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实时GIS时空数据模型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为满足动态目标与传感器等实时观测数据获取、存储、管理、分析与可视化的要求,需要发展一种新型地理信息系统—实时GIS。本文根据实时GIS中各种地理要素的特点以及存贮管理要求,提出了一种面向动态地理对象与动态过程模拟的实时GIS时空数据模型,它将时空过程、地理对象、事件、事件类型、状态、观测等相关要素整合在一个时空数据模型中。基于该模型研发了新一代实时GIS,并以四种动态地理对象（包括移动对象、原位传感器对象、视频对象和过程模拟对象）的时空数据的实时接入、存储与可视化为例,验证的模型的可行性。 相似文献
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Use of a Three-Domain Repesentation to Enhance GIS Support for Complex Spatiotemporal Queries 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
May Yuan 《Transactions in GIS》1999,3(2):137-159
As the development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) proceeds to advanced scientific and societal applications, there is an emerging need to enhance GIS support for complex spatiotemporal queries. Dynamic GIS representations (as opposed to static, map-based representations) that can integrate proper data elements in the production of geographic information are required. This paper demonstrates the use of a three-domain representation that facilitates compilation of higher-level information (such as frequency and rate) from preliminary data records (such as time and location) stored in a database. The three-domain representation is compared with snapshot, space-time composite, and spatiotemporal object models using a sample data set for forest transitions. While the three-domain representation is a normalization of these data models, it offers a conceptual alternative that enables GIS to represent spatiotemporal behaviors of geographic entities, in addition to entities as well as histories at locations as emphasized in most GIS data models. The comparison shows that the three-domain representation has combined the strengths of the space-time composite and spatiotemporal object models. Moreover, it enables aggregations of analytical use along with dynamic mappings between geographic concepts and locations, a distinct capability that takes GIS query processing beyond the level of information support offered by static map-based data models. 相似文献
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Analysis of human spatial behavior in a GIS environment: Recent developments and future prospects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mei-Po Kwan 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2000,2(1):85-90
In recent years, comprehensive geographic data sets of metropolitan areas and individual-level, georeferenced data are becoming
more available to social scientists. At the same time, tools for performing spatial analysis in a GIS environment have also
become more available. These developments provide many new opportunities for the analysis and theoretical understanding of
disaggregate human spatial behavior. This paper examines how these developments may enable the researcher to represent complex
urban and cognitive environments more realistically, and to overcome the limitations of aggregate spatial data framework.
It explores their implications for the theoretical and methodological development in geography and other social science disciplines. 相似文献
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The wide use of various sensors makes real‐time data acquisition possible. A new spatiotemporal data model, the Event‐driven Spatiotemporal Data Model (E‐ST), is proposed to dynamically express and simulate the spatiotemporal processes of geographic phenomena. In E‐ST, a sensor object is introduced into the model as a flexible real‐time data source. An event type that is generating and driving conditions is registered into a geographic object, so an event can not only express spatiotemporal change in a geographic object, but also drive spatiotemporal change in some geographic objects. As a dynamic GIS data model, the E‐ST has five characteristics – Temporality and Spatiality, Real‐time, Extendability, Causality, and Realizability. Described and realized in UML, a test‐case deployment demonstrating the impact of urban waterlogging on traffic confirms that a spatiotemporal change process in a geographic phenomena is expressed and simulated by this model. Summarizing this work, four directions for future research are outlined. 相似文献
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虚拟地理环境的地理学语言特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在比较分析传统地图和GIS的地理学语言功能基础上,指出了虚拟地理环境对现实世界抽象表达的多维特征、多视点和多重细节的多模态可视表现、多种自然交互方式和跨时间、空间与尺度的地理协同以及多感知的空间认知能力等。说明虚拟地理环境提供了一种综合表意系统和更接近自然的多感知的空间认知能力,使得从现实世界到人类大脑的信息带宽最大化,提供了超越现实的抽象表示与解析理解能力,达到了增强现实的目的。虚拟地理环境作为继GIS之后新一代地理学语言的显著特征是以用户为中心、提供最接近人类自然的交流方式与表达形式。 相似文献
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王家耀 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2022,47(10):1535-1545
在Geographic Information System（GIS）近60年的发展演进中,理论和技术都取得了长足的进步;应用领域扩大到社会的方方面面,社会影响力越来越大;体系结构、开发模式和服务模式等都发生了深刻的变化。为了推动GISystem进一步向前发展,在综述GIS中之“S”的三种含义即System（系统）、Science（科学）和Service（服务）以及GIS近60年来取得的丰硕成果的基础上,重点就以下三个问题进行了讨论:（1）如何认识地理信息系统（GISystem）。首先解析地理信息系统的三个关键词（系统、信息、地理信息）,据此论述了地理信息系统的内涵,分析了地理信息系统同地图、计算机地图制图、地图数据库的关系,认为地理信息系统源于又超越了地图、计算机地图制图和地图数据库,并认为地理信息系统具有装备的特性。（2）地理信息系统是怎样发展演进的。重点分析了由“地理信息系统”到“地理信息服务”的发展演进的社会需求背景、技术背景、学科背景,从应用领域、数据资源和功能的扩展及体系结构、开发模式和服务模式等方面,分析了地理信息系统发展演进的主要表现。（3）地理信息系统的未来发展将走向何方。首先,讨论了正确理解地理信息系统应用领域扩展的问题,认为应用领域的扩展不可能是“无边无际”的;地理信息系统的未来发展必须面向国家经济建设和国防建设急需;在分析比较现有三种GISystem服务模式的基础上,认为采用“网格集成”与“弹性云”的“混合式”技术体制是GISystem服务模式的最佳选择;提出了基于“网格集成”与“弹性云”的“混合式”的时空大数据平台技术实现必须解决的6个关键技术问题和“时空大数据平台”的应用模式。 相似文献
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Mapping collective human activity in an urban environment based on mobile phone data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Identifying and characterizing variations of human activity – specifically changes in intensity and similarity – in urban environments provide insights into the social component of those eminently complex systems. Using large volumes of user-generated mobile phone data, we derive mobile communication profiles that we use as a proxy for the collective human activity. In this article, geocomputational methods and geovisual analytics such as self-organizing maps (SOM) are used to explore the variations of these profiles, and its implications for collective human activity. We evaluate the merits of SOM as a cross-dimensional clustering technique and derived temporal trajectories of variations within the mobile communication profiles. The trajectories’ characteristics such as length are discussed, suggesting spatial variations in intensity and similarity in collective human activity. Trajectories are linked back to the geographic space to map the spatial and temporal variation of trajectory characteristics. Different trajectory lengths suggest that mobile phone activity is correlated with the spatial configuration of the city, and so at different times of the day. Our approach contributes to the understanding of the space-time social dynamics within urban environments. 相似文献