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基于粤北下庄矿田竹筒尖铀矿床156个铀镭平衡系数样品,研究该地区铀镭平衡系数与铀含量、标高、岩性的变化关系,对这些变化关系进行综合整理分析,得出铀镭处于基本平衡略偏铀状态的分布特征。分析了铀镭平衡系数和铀含量之间的关系,当铀含量小于0.15%时,随着铀含量的逐渐增高,铀镭平衡系数减小,二者呈负相关关系;当铀含量大于0.15%时,铀镭平衡系数与铀含量的关系不明显。总结出铀镭平衡系数与标高的变化规律,由地表到深部,经历严重偏镭到偏铀再到基本平衡的过程。分析了铀镭平衡系数与硅化带、碎裂花岗岩、细粒黑云母花岗岩和中粒黑云母花岗岩的关系。上述成果为该地区物探编录和γ测井结果的准确计算、矿体边界的确定、铀矿资源量的估算提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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《物探化探计算技术》2021,(3)
钍铀比、古铀量是伽马能谱测量中反映铀成矿信息的重要参数,可指示区域铀迁移路径、划分迁入富集区域,进一步提取铀成矿信息,判断铀成矿的可能性。这里以伊春威岭地区放射性异常为例,计算地面伽马能谱测量数据参数,对比铀含量与古铀量信息,进行方法有效性实验。实验表明:该区域内铀的迁出与迁入、淋失与富集被约束在糜棱岩化带内,存在二次富集现象。实验结论与区域地质背景及岩石分析结果相符。综上所述,利用古铀量分析在放射性异常地区开展铀成矿预测,并取得较好成果,成功预测铀二次富集部位,其中部分异常已被槽探工程揭露验证,本次研究对该地区铀矿勘查中地面伽马能谱测量数据的利用具有重要意义。 相似文献
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张锦由 《华东地质学院学报》1984,(2)
铀镭平衡系数是描述铀系中铀镭平衡状态的一个参数。它不仅关系到铀矿床储量计算的可靠性,而且关系到寻找铀矿床的某些找矿方法的应用效果。因此有必要对它作进一步的探讨。铀镭平衡系数可由下式计算: 相似文献
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为解决GP-1型γ射线谱仪能谱漂移的问题,在前置放大器与主放大器之间加一个螺旋电位器,使之可手动连续调节信号幅度,确保谱仪在运行中系数不变。叙述了B-γ-γ能谱法测铀、镭、钍的原理及含量的计算公式,并用改进了的GP-1型γ射线谱仪测定了铀镭平衡破坏样品中的铀,镭、钍含量。本工作相化学方法分析的结果是符合的。 相似文献
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随着粤北百顺地区361铀矿床资源的枯竭,迫切需要在其外围寻找后备资源,实现铀矿山的持续发展。436矿点位于361铀矿床东侧,铀成矿地质条件与361铀矿床极为相似,是区内最具潜力的铀矿找矿地段。为了快速完成436矿点及外围区域铀成矿有利部位的预测,在牛澜断裂与大人山断裂交汇及夹持区,使用地面伽马能谱、土壤氡气和分量化探三种物化探方法联合测量圈定了铀异常区,并进行了综合分析和预测。结果表明,伽马能谱铀异常、土壤氡异常及分量铀异常套合较好,集中分布于436矿点以北F4断裂与大人山断裂夹持区,显示该地段是区内最具潜力的铀成矿有利地段。经钻探工程揭露验证,铀矿化主要赋存于近南北向的F4断裂带内,呈隐伏状态,预示F4等近南北向构造是区内铀矿找矿工作的重点,为该地段下一步的铀矿勘查工作指明方向。 相似文献
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放射性平衡系数是表征铀矿床物理特性的重要参数。γ强度测量法实质上是探测铀的衰变产物氡子体的γ强度,通过它间接测铀。这只有当铀镭处于放射平衡状态时才是正确的。若铀镭的平铀状态遭到破坏,用γ法测量不加修正就不能准确地确定铀含量。因此,铀镭平衡系数及其变化规律的研究对于铀矿普查和勘探工作都有着重要的意义。 相似文献
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Measurements of U and 226Ra in 445 soil samples collected from areas throughout Australia show that these soils have a mean U content of 2.0 mg kg−1 and activity ratio (U/226Ra) of 1.09. There is a wide spread in individual values but, overall, more soils are U-rich than 226Ra-rich. Some indications of regional disequilibrium were found, with 226Ra-rich soils being noted in the Southern Cross-Kambalda area (WA), in south-eastern Eyre Peninsula (SA) and in an area north of Cobar (NSW). Uranium-rich soils were found in two Carboniferous volcanic terrains in north-eastern Queensland. The spread in activity ratio values indicates that disequilibrium will contribute to the noise in U channel data obtained by aerial gamma-ray surveying. The combination of statistical noise from low count rates (reflecting the low U concentrations in soils) and U-226Ra disequilibrium combine to give variances of 40–60% in typical U channel data. Data appearance can be improved to some extent by appropriate filtering. 相似文献
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活火山是指1万年来有过喷发历史的全新世火山。火山的高分辨年代学对火山灾害评估和火山分类具有重要意义。对于缺乏历史记载的全新世火山,直接对火山岩进行同位素定年很困难。本文利用具有高时间分辨率的镭-钍-铀非平衡确定中国东部年轻火山的年龄。根据镭-钍-铀同位素,海南岛的马鞍岭和雷虎岭是全新世火山(马鞍岭:4.3ka;雷虎岭:4.7ka);镜泊湖火山(4.9ka)也是全新世火山;龙岗火山存在晚更新世和全新世活动(7.0ka,15.0ka);大兴安岭阿尔山和诺敏河Ra/Th非平衡消失但~(230)Th/~(238)U非平衡显著,属于晚更新世喷发(阿尔山:63ka;诺敏河:71ka)。海南岛的马鞍岭火山、雷虎岭火山和东北地区的龙岗火山、镜泊湖火山,是4座活火山。至于东北地区的阿尔山和诺敏河火山是否是活火山,有待测试更多样品的Ra/Th同位素。五大连池老黑山和火烧山有历史喷发记录,这与它们都存在显著Ra/Th非平衡一致。五大连池老黑山和火烧山的岩浆滞留年龄分别小于4.2ka和3.2ka,岩浆上升速率 18～23m/y。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2002,17(6):781-792
Samples of tuff from boreholes drilled into fault zones in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF) and relatively unfractured rock of the Cross Drift tunnels, at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, have been analysed by U-series methods. This work is part of a project to verify the finding of fast flow-paths through the tuff to ESF level, indicated by the presence of ‘bomb’ 36Cl in pore fluids. Secular radioactive equilibrium in the U decay series, (i.e. when the radioactivity ratios 234U/238U, 230Th /234U and 226Ra/230Th all equal 1.00) might be expected if the tuff samples have not experienced radionuclide loss due to rock-water interaction occurring within the last million years. However, most fractured and unfractured samples were found to have a small deficiency of 234U (weighted mean 234U/238U=0.95±0.01) and a small excess of 230Th (weighted mean 230Th/234U 1.10±0.02). The 226Ra/230Th ratios are close to secular equilibrium (weighted mean=0.94±0.07). These data indicate that 234U has been removed from the rock samples in the last ∼350 ka, probably by pore fluids. Within the precision of the measurement, it would appear that 226Ra has not been mobilized and removed from the tuff, although there may be some localised 226Ra redistribution as suggested by a few ratio values that are significantly different from 1.0. Because both fractured and unfractured tuffs show approximately the same deficiency of 234U, this indicates that pore fluids are moving equally through fractured and unfractured rock. More importantly, fractured rock appears not to be a dominant pathway for groundwater flow (otherwise the ratio would be more strongly affected and the Th and Ra isotopic ratios would likely also show disequilibrium). Application of a simple mass-balance model suggests that surface infiltration rate is over an order of magnitude greater than the rate indicated by other infiltration models and that residence time of pore fluids at ESF level is about 400 a. Processes of U sorption, precipitation and re-solution are believed to be occurring and would account for these anomalous results but have not been included in the model. Despite the difficulties, the U-series data suggest that fractured rock, specifically the Sundance and Drill Hole Wash faults, are not preferred flow paths for groundwater flowing through the Topopah Spring tuff and, by implication, rapid-flow, within 50 a, from the surface to the level of the ESF is improbable. 相似文献
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厦门火烧屿裸露岩石的铀放射系不平衡 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
用HPGeγ谱方法测定了厦门火烧屿裸露岩石天然放射性核素^40K、^228Ra、^228Th、^238U、^226Ra和^210Pb含量，对其铀系不平衡关系进行了讨论，发现钍系核素^228Ra和^228Th基本上是平衡的，而大部分样品^226Ra相对于^228U、^210Pb相对于^226Ra亏损。由此推论，水体作用下岸边岩石中^226Ra直接进入水体，可以是海水中^226Ra的一个来源；岸边岩石中^222Rn逸出后，衰变^210Pb再进入水体，可以是海水中^210Pb的一个来源。 相似文献
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高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铀矿石样品中234U/238U、230Th/232Th和228Ra/226Ra同位素比值 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用氢氟酸-硝酸-盐酸混合酸密闭消解含铀矿石样品,用阴离子交换树脂、阳离子交换树脂和锶特效树脂逐级分离富集铀、钍和镭。使用高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱(HR-ICPMS)测定分离纯化液中234U/238U2、30Th/232Th和228Ra/226Ra同位素。比值的测量精密度取决于比值的大小和对应核素浓度的大小。对质量浓度为10 ng/mL天然铀测量液,234U/238U的测量精密度优于1.2%;对230Th质量浓度为0.6ng/mL且230Th和232Th质量浓度接近的测量液,230Th/232Th的测量精密度为1.2%;对228Ra质量浓度为0.48 pg/mL且228Ra和226Ra质量浓度接近的测量液,228Ra/226Ra的测量精密度为4.0%。 相似文献
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O. A. Levchenkov N. G. Rizvanova A. F. Makeev Sh. K. Baltybaev L. K. Levskii 《Geochemistry International》2009,47(11):1053-1066
Based on particular examples, this paper considers the capabilities and constraints of the step-leaching Pb-Pb dating (PbSL)
of metamorphogenic minerals. It was shown that stepwise leaching allows the separation of fractions enriched in uranogenic
and thorogenic Pb isotopes, which can be used for the determination of mineral ages and the time of crystallization of coexisting
equilibrium and, occasionally, disequilibrium monazites. The presence of monazite in a mineral is indicated by a high Th/U
ratio similar to that of monazite. The main limitation of the method is related to the presence in minerals of both disequilibrium
domains of the mineral matrix and disequilibrium monazite microinclusions. By the example of minerals studied, we discussed
three scenarios for the development of the U-Th-Pb isotopic systems of metamorphogenic minerals. 相似文献
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Uranium-series disequilibrium dating of island phosphate deposits is evaluated in terms of known associated coral ages, uranium geochemistry, and stratigraphic sequences as well as the concordance between the geochronometers 234U/238U, 230Th/234U and 226Ra/238U. U(VI) is the predominant oxidation state of uranium in island phosphorites and by analogy to the youngest surficial deposits, most of the uranium initially bound is in the form of U(VI) sorbed by surfaces from seawater. Insular deposits contain more organic matter than even very young ocean floor samples and this leads to a greater probability of reduction of available recoil uranium than occurs in marine deposits. As a consequence, R(VI) ? R(T) ? R(VI), where R represents the 234U/238U activity ratio. This situation is completely opposite from that observed for marine-origin phosphorites. We determined that a fraction of U(VI) in ancient insular phosphorites is very labile and lost to alkaline carbonate solutions with a uranium activity ratio even more depleted in 234U than the bulk R(VI).Most younger samples appear to have no more discordance between 234U/238U, 230Th/234U and 226Ra/238U than marine phosphorites of similar apparent age. Young, surficial atoll-rim apatite cements and unconsolidated phosphorites date in the range of 1500–8000 years B.P., consistent with the concept of partial submergence of low-lying coral islands prior to 2000 years B.P. Sub-surficial samples in the same environment date older at about 20,000 years B.P. Violation of the closed system assumption occurs in at least 6 out of 13 ancient (> 800,000 year) samples. Uranium-series disequilibrium dating of insular apatite shows some promise as a recorder of climatic/sea level events, but the assumptions necessary for valid ages must be carefully evaluated for each occurrence. 相似文献
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本文从化探角度出发,讨论了鑀在岩、矿石和土壤中的分市特征及其与铀成矿作用之间的关系。以鑀和铀、镭之间,其衰变成因联系和不同的地球化学性质为基础,对锾法在寻找铀矿中的应用进行了初步探讨。通过在湘西,湘南四种不同类型的20个铀矿床(点)上的大量综合对比,证明了它不仅对铀、镭放射性平衡破坏研究有其独特之处,并且可以推测出成矿过程中的地球化学变化,从而解释铀矿床的成因,评价异常点、带,因此是铀矿普查勘探攻深找盲的一种有效手段。它具有野外工作方法简便、显示直观、影响因素少和便于综合对比等优点。由于氧化还原反应广泛参加了铀矿床的形成和破坏,所以在其它方法(如伽玛、铀量、氡及其子体测量)反映不明显的情况下,鑀法仍有较好的显示。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》1999,14(3):365-385
The abundance and chemical/mineralogical form of 226Ra, 238U and 232Th were determined on samples of soil and associated vegetation at 12 sites in the eastern United States. Progressive, selective chemical extraction plus size fractionation determined the abundance and radiometric equilibrium condition of these nuclides in 6 operationally defined soil fractions: exchangeable cations, organic matter, “free” Fe-oxides, sand, silt, and clay.In soils, profile-averaged 226Ra/238U activity ratios (AR) are within 10% of unity for most sites, implying little fractionation of U and Ra when the entire soil profile is considered. However, 226Ra greatly exceeds 238U activity in most surface soil (AR up to 1.8, av 1.22), in vegetation (AR up to 65, av. 2.8), in the exchangeable+organic fraction (AR up to 30, av. 13), in some soil Fe oxides (AR up to 3.5, av. 0.83) and in the C horizons of deeply weathered soils (AR up to 1.5).A major factor in Ra behavior is uptake by vegetation, which concentrates Ra>U and moves Ra from deeper soil to surface soil. Vegetation is capable of creating the observed Ra excess in typical surface soil horizons (AR up to 1.8, av. 1.22) in about 1000 a. Of the total Ra in an average A horizon, 42% occurs as exchangeable ions and in organic matter, but only 6–8% of the parent U and Th occur in these soil forms. In contrast, U is slightly enriched relative to Ra in Fe-oxides of A horizons, implying rapid chemical partition of vegetation-cycled U and Ra.In deeper horizons, transfer by vegetation and/or direct chemical partitioning of Ra into organic and exchangeable forms provides a source for unsupported 226Ra in Ra-rich organic matter, and leaves all soil minerals Ra-poor (AR=0.73). Organic matter evidently has a strong affinity for Ra.The phenomena discussed above are relevant to evaluation of indoor Rn hazard, and behavior of Ra at sites affected by radioactive waste disposal, phosphate tailings, Ra-rich brine, and uraniferous fertilizer. 相似文献