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1.
新街镁铁—超镁铁侵入体的铂族元素地球化学特征 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
采用镍硫试金预处理中子活化分析方法,系统测定了新街层状侵入体镁铁－超镁铁岩和与其有成因联系的玄武岩及正长岩的铂族元素含量,探讨了岩浆作用过程中铂族元素的地球化学行为。结果表明,新街岩体的铂元素分异特征与布什维尔德等铁质超镁铁岩相似,而明显不同于科马提岩和阿尔卑斯型橄榄岩,二叠系峨眉山玄武岩的铂族元素分异特征与新街岩体相似,再次证实二者为同源岩浆分异产物。 相似文献
2.
镁铁-超镁铁岩与威尔逊旋回 总被引：21，自引：7，他引：14
威尔逊旋回的各个阶段都可以有镁铁-超镁铁岩的产出。在裂谷阶段有分异的小侵入体、层状侵入体以及碱性超镁铁岩体。洋盆阶段为蛇绿岩和可能的洋岛型辉长岩。在俯冲阶段生成阿拉斯加型和橄榄岩-闪长岩型杂岩,它们是岛弧和活动陆缘岩浆活动的一部分。与碰撞阶段有关的为橄榄岩-榴辉岩型岩体和造山榄榄岩,地幔核杂岩则产于碰撞后的后陆盆地或裂谷中,可能标志着从大陆内部向洋盆扩张阶段转变的开始。 相似文献
3.
镁铁-超镁铁岩分类是镁铁-超镁铁岩研究最基本的问题之一。镁铁-超镁铁岩（不包括金伯利岩、煌斑岩和碱性超镁铁岩等）按照产出的构造背景、岩石组合、伴生矿产大体可分为5类,即：蛇绿岩、义敦型岩体、阿拉斯加型岩体、层状侵入体和橄榄岩-闪长岩型岩体。蛇绿岩代表大洋岩石圈地幔及其分异物,义敦型代表大陆岩石圈地幔及其分异物,阿拉斯加型岩体来自岛弧、活动陆缘环境或具岛弧之下地幔特征的源岩,层状侵入体来自板内伸展构造背景,橄榄岩-闪长岩型岩体的构造背景与阿拉斯加型类似,但是也有产于板内环境的。蛇绿岩是学术界最关注的问题之一,笔者认为,1972年彭罗斯会议确定的蛇绿岩的定义仍然是适用的,斯泰因曼三位一体的概念仍然是有效的,而Delik的蛇绿岩定义和分类是不可取的。笔者认为,义敦型的概念是合适的和有用的。蛇绿岩与义敦型岩体有许多相似之处,但是,它们的构造含义不同。它们之间的区别不是依靠岩石组合本身,也不依靠地球化学,而是依靠野外产出位置和伴生的围岩性质以及构造情况。不同类型的镁铁-超镁铁岩形成的构造背景不同,伴生的矿产类型不同,具有不同的大地构造意义。在野外实践和室内研究中注意它们之间的区别,无论对于理论研究还是找矿研究都是非常重要的。 相似文献
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大别山毛屋镁铁—超镁铁岩块的原岩与超高压变质作用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
毛屋镁铁－超镁铁层状岩体由方辉橄榄岩、橄榄方辉岩、含石榴石方辉岩、石榴二辉岩、石榴透辉岩、榴辉岩、绿辉石岩等不同岩性的岩石组成的变层状堆晶岩。 相似文献
5.
白马含矿层状镁铁—超镁铁质侵入体的岩石学研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
白马岩体是层状构造发育、分异作用明显的单斜层状侵入体,产于攀西裂谷带中段,侵位于前震旦系会理群变质岩系中,K-Ar年龄为342～363Ma。层状岩系可划分下部镁铁质岩、超镁铁质岩、上部镁铁质岩及浅色镁铁质岩等四个岩相带。固溶体矿物的成分、岩石化学和稀土元素的特点及其演化,表明岩体是在熔离和液态重力分异的基础上经过自下而上的结晶分异作用形成的。 相似文献
6.
四川攀西地区含钒钛磁铁矿层状侵入体的韵律层及形成机理 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
攀枝花—西昌地区是著名的钒钛磁铁矿矿床区。铁矿赋存在层状侵入体中。岩体主要有两种类型,一种类型以辉长岩为主;另一种类型由辉长岩及超镁铁岩组成,其上部为辉长岩,下部为超镁铁岩。韵律层是本区层状侵入体的主要特征之一,两种类型岩体都发育有不同类型的韵律层。铁矿赋存于韵律层的一定部位。本文分别对三个层状侵入体的韵律层进行了初步探讨,它们在一定程度上代表了攀西地区不同类型的岩体。 相似文献
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湖北省北部枣阳市境内的大阜山镁铁/超镁铁杂岩体主要由未变质的纯橄岩和橄长岩组成,伴生变质的石榴石角闪石岩、石榴石钠黝帘石角闪石岩和角闪石钠黝帘石岩.杂岩体的围岩为大理岩.该岩体中的金红石矿床产于变质的石榴石角闪石岩或蚀变的石榴石角闪石岩中.橄长岩中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素定年结果表明镁铁/超镁铁质岩体的成岩年龄约为600Ma.变质的岩石和未变质的岩石几乎具有完全相同的地球化学特征,表明前者的原岩应为橄长岩,整个岩体是一个分异的镁铁/超镁铁侵入体.金红石赋存于角闪石解理中等岩相特征表明矿床的含矿岩石就是石榴石角闪石岩,不是由石榴石辉石岩退变质形成的;且其中的石榴石为钙铁榴石,不是富镁、富铝的与高压/超高压作用有关的石榴石.金红石矿床的形成和岩体的局部变质应该与由北向南的近水平推覆构造有关,动力变质作用提供的热和流体,结合推覆过程中的变形作用,导致围岩大理岩和镁铁质岩体发生交代作用,形成石榴石角闪石岩和金红石矿床. 相似文献
9.
新疆磁海铁矿区镁铁-超镁铁岩地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
磁海铁矿床地处塔里木盆地北缘北山成矿带内, 为一与镁铁-超镁铁岩有关的岩浆分异-矿浆贯入-热液交代型复成因铁矿床。对磁海矿区镁铁-超镁铁岩的岩石学特征和岩石地球化学特征等进行了较为系统的研究, 认为这套镁铁-超镁铁岩石属于铁质钙碱性玄武岩系列。稀土及微量元素特征与原始地幔成分接近,表明岩浆上升侵位过程中局部遭受陆壳混染。结合前人的研究成果, 认为该矿床形成于后碰撞拉张构造环境。原始岩浆的结晶分异和后期热液蚀变对磁海铁矿形成和富集起重要作用。 相似文献
10.
新疆中天山白石泉含铜镍矿镁铁-超镁铁岩体地球化学特征与岩石成因 总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3
白石泉含Cu-Ni硫化物镁铁-超镁铁侵入体位于中天山地块,其主要岩石类型有辉石橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩、橄长岩、辉长岩及角闪辉长岩等,具有明显的堆晶结构.对岩体的主要、微量及稀土元素地球化学特征研究表明,岩体属铁质镁铁-超镁铁岩,具有拉斑玄武质岩浆的分异趋势;并相对富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr等)、亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf),以及具有LREE富集((La/Yb)n=1.27～9.95)的右倾型稀土元素分布模式.Pb同位特征表明母岩浆与软流圈地幔和EM Ⅱ地幔物质有关.综合地球化学特征表明,母岩浆为来源于受早期俯冲物质混染的软流圈地幔的高镟拉斑玄武岩浆.岩浆在上升过程中,没有受到上地壳及围岩的混染.原生岩浆形成后,经过了橄榄石、辉石、斜长石及铬铁矿的分离结晶作用和硫化物的熔离作用.目前出露的岩体为富含橄榄石及硫化物的“晶粥“在高位岩浆房中演化的产物. 相似文献
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Anorthosite-bearing layered intrusions are unique to the Archaean rock record and are abundant in the Archaean craton of southern West Greenland and the Superior Province of Canada. These layered intrusions consist mainly of ultramafic rocks, gabbros, leucogabbros and anorthosites, and typically contain high-Ca (>An70) megacrystic (2–30 cm in diameter) plagioclase in anorthosite and leucogabbro units. They are spatially and temporally associated with basalt-dominated greenstone belts and are intruded by syn-to post-tectonic granitoid rocks. The layered intrusions, greenstone belts and granitoids all share the geochemical characteristics of Phanerozoic subduction zone magmas, suggesting that they formed mainly in a suprasubduction zone setting. Archaean anorthosite-bearing layered intrusions and spatially associated greenstone belts are interpreted to be fragments of oceanic crust, representing dismembered subduction-related ophiolites. We suggest that large degrees of partial melting (25–35%) in the hotter (1500–1600 °C) Archaean upper mantle beneath rifting arcs and backarc basins produced shallow, kilometre-scale hydrous magma chambers. Field observations suggest that megacrystic anorthosites were generated at the top of the magma chambers, or in sills, dykes and pods in the oceanic crust. The absence of high-Ca megacrystic anorthosites in post-Archaean layered intrusions and oceanic crust reflects the decline of mantle temperatures resulting from secular cooling of the Earth. 相似文献
13.
镁铁质-超镁铁质层状岩体基本特征及岩浆作用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
镁铁质-超镁铁质层状岩体可以产于多种构造环境,岩体具有典型的层状构造和韵律结构。层状岩体形成时主要的岩浆作用有重力分异作用、双扩散对流作用、压实作用、同化混染和岩浆混合作用等,其中重力分异作用很好地解释了层状岩体垂向上岩石类型的变化和矿物组分的变化,双扩散对流作用和岩浆混合作用在韵律层理形成过程中起了很重要的作用,而压实作用对岩浆演化晚期阶段补堆晶结构的形成作用明显,同化混染作用可改变岩浆的成分,导致岩浆分异产物的组成和成分的变化。堆晶结构的不同主要依赖于粒间液体的活动性和晶粥的渗透率,补堆晶结构形成需要高渗透率,而粒间液体不活动时将有利于正堆晶结构的形成。岩石组合、岩石结构、矿物组分及其变化规律很好地记录岩浆分异过程、岩浆补给等信息,可以用来讨论层状岩体的岩石成因：温度压力条件、原生岩浆及其演化过程等。 相似文献
14.
V. S. Semenov V. M. Mikhailov E. V. Koptev-Dvornikov A. B. Ford O. G. Shulyatin S. V. Semenov D. A. Tkacheva 《Petrology》2014,22(6):547-573
The paper addresses the current understanding of the inner structure of the layered intrusions at Dufek Massif in the Pensacola Mountains and the Utpostane and Muren intrusions in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, which are still poorly known to Russian geologists. The magmatic events at approximately 180 Ma, including the emplacement of layered intrusions, are thought to had predated the breakup of the Gondwana supercontinent. The spatiotemporal similarities of the intrusions determine the importance of the problem of whether they were produced by a single or more than one parental magmas, which are thought to have been derived under the effect of a superplume. 相似文献
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Paleoproterozoic mafic igneous rocks (2450–1970 Ma) are exposed in the form of layered intrusions, dykes, and volcanic rocks in the Karelian, Kola and Murmansk provinces and in the form of dykes and small intrusions in the Belomorian Province, Eastern Fennoscandian Shield. The age and sequence of mafic dyke emplacement during the Paleoproterozoic are very similar in these regions. Further comparisons of geochemical characteristics of mafic dyke swarms in the Belomorian Province and neighboring cratons show considerable similarities. 相似文献
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Evidence is presented for the primary high pressure crystallization of the Ewarara, Kalka and Gosse Pile layered intrusions which form part of the Giles Complex in central Australia. These pressures are estimated at 10 to 12 kb. The high pressure characteristics include subsolidus reactions between olivine and plagioclase, orthopyroxene and plagioclase, and orthopyroxene and spinel; spinel and rutile exsolution in both ortho- and clino-pyroxene; spinel exsolution in plagioclase; high Al2O3 and Cr2O3 contents of both ortho- and clinopyroxene; high AlVI in clinopyroxene; dominance of orthopyroxene as an early crystallizing phase; high distribution coefficients for co-existing pyroxene pairs; and thin chilled margins. Such phenomena are rare in documented layered basic intrusions. 相似文献
17.
层状侵入体的一个典型的特征是具有隐导理和韵律层理，分析比较了前人提出的韵律层理形成的各种机制并结合对攀枝花层状侵入体的研究认为，层状侵入体的韵律层理的形成与成岩的压实作用关系密切，细粒韵律层理是由于颗粒大小的微小差别或矿物成分含量的逐渐增加和重复的再平衡所致，矿物成分含量的逐步增加和重复是通过在类似于奥斯特瓦尔德成熟的条件下循环溶解和晶体生长形成的，在影响层理形成的多种因素中，以对流作用，密度，粘度及岩浆房的几何形状等因素的研究较为详细，各研究者也存在较大分歧。 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(1):73-101
During the Early Proterozoic (2.5 to 2.3 Ga), three types of coeval structural provinces developed in the eastern Baltic Shield—(1) the Karelian and Kola granite-greenstone cratons, (2) the relatively high grade Lapland-Umba granulite belt (LUGB), and (3) the Belomorian (White Sea) mobile belt (BMB). The LUGB represents a compensated compressional zone where synkinematic crustal-derived magmatism of the enderbite-charnockite series predominates. The BMB is a transitional nappe-folded zone between these high- and low-grade terranes, which consists mainly of reworked granite-greenstone lithologies of the adjacent cratons. These cratons were vast extensional areas with mantle-derived, siliceous, high-Mg (boninite-like) series (SHMS) magmatism. This SHMS magmatism occurs in volcano-sedimentary sequences, large layered intrusions, and dike swarms within graben-like structures. One of the more interesting types of tectonomagmatic activity occurred within the BMB and is expressed as the unique Drusite Complex. It is represented by thousands of small intrusions of mafic and ultramafic rocks, dispersed among the higher-grade BMB host rocks. Geological features of these intrusions show that their formation was synkinematic with deformations within the belt, although they have undergone later, post-solidification deformation and metamorphism. As a result, intrusions often were transformed into lenticular, boudin-like bodies with primary igneous textures preserved only in their central portions. Compositions of the Drusite Complex intrusions, although forming small, individual bodies with associated chill zones, are similar to large layered intrusions in adjacent cratons (plagioclase harzburgites and lherzolites, pyroxenites, troctolites, olivine norites and norites, gabbronorites, anorthosites, and diorites). The areal distribution of the drusite intrusions and their correlation with large layered mafic intrusions in adjacent cratons suggests a vast magma-generation zone beneath western Russia during the Early Proterozoic. The character and extent of magmatism suggests that during the Early Proterozoic (in Sumian— Sariolian time) the Kola and Karelian cratons were vast extensional areas above spreading plume heads. Within this scenario, the LUGB was an area of intense crustal sagging between these two cratons. The BMB was a transitional zone of tectonic flowage between the LUGB and the cratons, where movements were not as intense; there a nappe-folded structure formed. As a result, the intrusion of new melts occurred under rapidly changing conditions and a specific type of disseminated, intrusive magmatism—The Drusite Complex—emerged instead of the formation of layered intrusions. The petrologic and mineralogic compositions of the Drusite Complex intrusions are indistinguishable from coeval layered mafic intrusions of the adjacent Karelia and Kola cratons, suggesting similar parental magmas and a large zone of magmatism (i.e., large igneous province, or LIP) beneath the eastern Baltic Shield. These magmas were derived either from depleted mantle melts that had assimilated a significant crustal component, or from enriched mantle. 相似文献
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Platinum-group element (PGE) deposits in the Bushveld Complex and other layered intrusions form when large, incompletely solidified magma chambers undergo central subsidence in response to crustal loading, resulting in slumping of semi-consolidated cumulate slurries to the centres of the intrusions and hydrodynamic unmixing of the slurries to form dense layers enriched in sulfides, oxides, olivine and pyroxene and less dense layers enriched in plagioclase. The most economic PGE, Cr and V reefs form in large, multiple-replenished intrusions because these cool relatively slowly and their central portions subside prior to termination of magmatism and complete cumulate solidification. The depth of emplacement has to be relatively shallow as, otherwise, ductile crust would not be able to flex and collapse. In smaller intrusions, cooling rates are faster, subsidence is less pronounced and, where it occurs, the cumulate may be largely solidified, resulting in insignificant mush mobility and mineral sorting. Layering is thus less pronounced and less regular and continuous and the grades of the reefs are lower, but the reefs can be relatively thicker. An additional factor controlling the PGE, Cr and V prospectivity of intrusions is their location within cratons. Intra-cratonic environments offer more stable emplacement conditions that are more amenable to the formation of large, layered igneous bodies. Furthermore, intrusions sited within cratons are more readily preserved because cratons are underlain by thick, buoyant keels of harzburgite that prevent plate tectonic recycling and destruction of crust. 相似文献