首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
罗军昌 《地下水》2023,(6):187-189
为研究宕昌县城区饮用水源地库区工程地质条件及存在的工程地质问题,文章主要从地形地貌、地层岩性、物理地质现象、区域地质构造与不良地质现象、水文地质等方面进行全面论述,并根据工程地质条件对库区渗漏、水库浸没与库岸稳定、水库诱发地震等地质问题进行评价。研究认为,水库不存在向邻谷的渗漏问题;库区岩性完整,无区域性的活动断层通过,水库蓄水后,发生诱发地震的可能性小。研究可为下一步水库坝址、坝型及枢纽建筑物的选型、布置等提供技术指导及数据支撑。  相似文献   

2.
一、引言在水利水电工程的地质勘测中,为研究岩体的透水性,往往需要进行压水测试。实践表明,对于诸如承压输水隧洞、深埋地下厂房、水库大坝等工程的地质勘测,岩体透水率的原地测试具有极为重要的意义。除此之外,岩体的透水性亦与地下水的运动及水库诱发地震密切相关,而且地下水的运动对于断层活动也起着重要作用。因此,研究工程区岩体的透水性不仅对防渗设计,而且对水库诱发地震及工程区的稳定性评价也是至关重要的。  相似文献   

3.
在某工程的区域稳定性研究和水库区工程地质调查的基础上,综合分析了水库的区域地震地质条件。依据实际存在的诱发地震条件组合,对该水库诱发地震的环境进行了分区评价。重点研究了水库区地质背景、水库诱发地震的关键因素及水库诱发地震的潜在危险性预测等方面。研究表明水库在运行过程中有发生裂隙断块岩体型或裂隙喀斯特岩体型诱发地震的可能性,但诱发地震强度仅为微震或弱震,其基本烈度不会超过历史构造地震对区内的影响。  相似文献   

4.
李雪平  姚运生  汪洋  李井冈 《岩土力学》2010,31(9):2941-2945
将数值模拟成果与监测数据集成,对三峡水库库首区诱发地震危险性进行了动态评价。在GIS (geographic information system) 平台上将数值模拟结果用专业地震模型进行评价,其成果作为评价背景数据库。用实时的地震监测数据、地下水位监测数据、地壳形变监测数据对背景数据库进行更新。选用FLAC 3D为数值模拟工具,MAPGIS为GIS基础平台,VC++为开发工具,研发了水库诱发地震危险性动态评价系统。系统提供在一定蓄水位条件下、一定评价范围、一定深度内的水库诱发地震灾害危险性区划。研究结果表明,在GIS平台上,利用信息融合技术,可以将水库诱发地震的数值模拟评估、监测数据评估进行集成,实现水库诱发地震危险性动态评价。  相似文献   

5.
用神经网络理论预测水库诱发地震   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文运用神经网络理论中改进的BP算法对水库诱发地震进行了研究,并根据不同的资料和不同的诱震因素,建立了两个水库诱发地震震级预测的神经网络模型。研究结果表明,与一般统计学相比,用神经网络理论预测水库诱发地震具有更高的精度。  相似文献   

6.
本文介绍了几个典型水库地震事件,总结了目前对水库诱发地震的分析方法及其依据,重点从地震发生的时间、空间、强度、活动特征、震源深度5个方面介绍了水库诱发地震的特征,最后简要分析了水库诱发地震的动力学机制,认为通过人为调整库水载荷大小等因素来研究水库地震活动性,对于研究地震触发及地震预报等有重要的社会价值和科学意义。  相似文献   

7.
水库地震是因水库蓄水作用导致库区地质环境和区域应力变化,引起库区附近地震的现象。"触发地震"和"诱发地震"是根据成因机制的区别而对水库地震的分类。本文梳理和总结了自水库地震的概念提出以来,人们对于水库地震成因机制的分析,并就触发地震和诱发地震的不同分类进行了探讨;同时结合国内水库地震关于坝高、库容、岩性和震级方面的特征发现,无论是触发地震还是诱发地震,都是多方面因素综合作用的结果,但不同水库具有不同的地质环境和区域应力状态,各类成因机制在不同类型的水库地震中占比也不同。最后,作者对现今水库触发地震和诱发地震研究的不足进行了讨论,提出应结合其他人类工程活动所引发的地震一同分析。  相似文献   

8.
岩溶地区水库诱发地震探讨   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
光耀华 《中国岩溶》1991,10(4):283-293
本文叙述了岩溶地区水库诱发地震概况,初步划分了岩溶水库地震成因类型,探讨了水库诱发地震预测方法,指出贝叶斯(Bayes)概率模型和水库要素综合影响法可以作为半定量法对大型水库诱发地震的可能性进行预测。   相似文献   

9.
王玉宝  颜新荣 《地质与勘探》2003,39(Z2):355-359
文章根据水库诱发地震机制,从库区附近活动断裂的应力状态,应力积累程度、岩体结构、水文地质条件等综合因素分析研究,从而论证水库诱发地震的可能性,可能诱发地震的地段与最大震级,以及水库地震对工程建筑物及库坝区地质环境的影响.  相似文献   

10.
水库诱发地震评价研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文是在总结了水库地震的基本情况和主要特征后,以工程地质学理论为基础,并结合地震地质学,对水库地震进行了评价.其目的是为了确保大坝施工期与建成后的安全运行,并根据库坝区的诱震地质条件,正确评价诱发地震的可能性及其可能造成的危害,为工程建设采取合理的对策提供依据.其步骤分为3步:水库地震可能性评价、水库地震危险性评价与水库地震监测和预测研究.其内容为区域工程地质、构造地质、水文地质、地震与水库地震监测,并依据世界水库地震资料的对比分析,总结出:构造断裂型、地表卸荷型与岩溶塌陷型3种主要水库地震类型的判据.其评价方法,主要是对水库地震综合性分区评价及水库地震强度的评价方法进行了详细的论述,具有较高的实用价值.  相似文献   

11.
In 1982 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers published a study of reservoir-induced seismicity. The study evaluated the evidence of induced earthquakes from eight cases including Koyna, Hoover, Nurek, and Kariba. In this paper, the methods used in the 1982 study are applied to more recent data from Koyna and Aswan. The data from Aswan do not support classification of the 1981 earthquake as reservoir-induced. The data from Koyna confirm the findings of the 1982 study that the earthquakes at Koyna are not closely correlated to the reservoir operation.  相似文献   

12.
Groundwater is as an important geological agent. Moving groundwater may change the geological environment and cause geological hazards. Therefore, the interaction between groundwater and geo-environment has attracted increasing attention of hydrogeologists, geotechnical engineers and environmental geologists. In general, three main types of interaction between groundwater and the geological environment are identified in this paper, with several special processes for each one. These types include physical interaction, with processes of lubrication, softening or weakening and strengthening of bound water, chemical interaction with processes of ion exchange, dissolution, hydration, hydrolysis, corrosion and oxidation-reduction, and mechanical interaction with processes of hydrostatic pressure and hydrodynamic pressure. The interactions between groundwater and the geological environment can affect the deformability and strength of rock or soil masses. The geological process, engineering activity and heat can change the geo-stress field, recharge, throughflow and discharge conditions of groundwater. The consequence of interactions between groundwater flow and geo-stress changes the geological environment. Meanwhile, the interaction processes can induce geological hazards, such as reservoir-induced earthquakes, landslides, flooding of mines, ground engineering hazards, instability of dams, the collapse of cavities in carbonate and evaporate rocks, land subsidence and earthquakes.  相似文献   

13.
Baseline monitoring of groundwater quality aims to characterize the ambient condition of the resource and identify spatial or temporal trends. Sites comprising any baseline monitoring network must be selected to provide a representative perspective of groundwater quality across the aquifer(s) of interest. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) has been used as a means of assessing the representativeness of a groundwater quality monitoring network, using example datasets from New Zealand. HCA allows New Zealand??s national and regional monitoring networks to be compared in terms of the number of water-quality categories identified in each network, the hydrochemistry at the centroids of these water-quality categories, the proportions of monitoring sites assigned to each water-quality category, and the range of concentrations for each analyte within each water-quality category. Through the HCA approach, the National Groundwater Monitoring Programme (117 sites) is shown to provide a highly representative perspective of groundwater quality across New Zealand, relative to the amalgamated regional monitoring networks operated by 15 different regional authorities (680 sites have sufficient data for inclusion in HCA). This methodology can be applied to evaluate the representativeness of any subset of monitoring sites taken from a larger network.  相似文献   

14.
The optimal selection of monitoring wells is a major task in designing an information-effective groundwater quality monitoring network which can provide sufficient and not redundant information of monitoring variables for delineating spatial distribution or variations of monitoring variables. This study develops a design approach for an optimal multivariate geostatistical groundwater quality network by proposing a network system to identify groundwater quality spatial variations by using factorial kriging with genetic algorithm. The proposed approach is applied in designing a groundwater quality monitoring network for nine variables (EC, TDS, Cl, Na, Ca, Mg, SO 4 2− , Mn and Fe) in the Pingtung Plain in Taiwan. The spatial structure results show that the variograms and cross-variograms of the nine variables can be modeled in two spatial structures: a Gaussian model with ranges 28.5 km and a spherical model with 40 km for short and long spatial scale variations, respectively. Moreover, the nine variables can be grouped into two major components for both short and long scales. The proposed optimal monitoring design model successfully obtains different optimal network systems for delineating spatial variations of the nine groundwater quality variables by using 20, 25 and 30 monitoring wells in both short scale (28.5 km) and long scale (40 km). Finally, the study confirms that the proposed model can design an optimal groundwater monitoring network that not only considers multiple groundwater quality variables but also monitors variations of monitoring variables at various spatial scales in the study area.  相似文献   

15.
许飞青 《地质与勘探》2023,59(2):408-417
地下水水质评价是地下水研究的一个重要课题,研究更精确、更适用的地下水水质评价模型具有重要意义。近年来应用较多的评价模型存在适用性小、精确度低的问题,其中主要原因在于现有的水质评价标准中,不同因子的等级分类标准不一,同一因子不同等级取值区间不一致等问题,而现有模型无法克服不同因子自身评价等级不匹配以及无法有效处理多重因子之间的相互影响。针对水质评价存在的问题,本文将研究一个能有效克服上述问题,且精确度较高、适用性更广的水质评价模型。基于北京市地下水监测网中污染源监测网的数据,选取大兴区作为研究区域,以大兴区2018年至2020年持续进行监测的39个点位作为研究点,根据监测点历年监测水样,选取化验数据中影响水质环境较为明显的pH值、Cl-、NO-3、SO42-、Na+、NH+4、Mn-、耗氧量(CODMn)、总硬度、溶解性总固体这10项指标作为水质评价因子,利用随机森林回归...  相似文献   

16.
Using entropy theory, a methodology was developed for the evaluation and redesign of groundwater quality monitoring wells in the Gaza Strip in Palestine. Essential to the methodology is the development of a Transinformation Model (TM) which yields the amount of information transfer and the dependency between the wells as a function of distance. The TM parameters, such as the minimum transinformation and the range, were employed for evaluating the network which revealed that most of the distances between wells were less than the range. It also indicated that a high percentage of redundant information existed in the network. Therefore, the network was reduced by superimposing a square pattern over the monitored area and selecting one well per square block in a stratified pattern. The methodology was tested using the chloride data collected from 1972–2000 from 417 groundwater quality monitoring wells in the Gaza Strip. The number of the groundwater quality monitoring wells in the Gaza Strip was reduced by 53%, while there was 26% redundant information based on the minimum existing distance between wells. This methodology is meant to help monitor the groundwater quality (salinity) in the Gaza Strip.  相似文献   

17.
北京平原地下水水位监测网优化   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
文章在北京市地下水水位监测现状基础上,分潜水和承压水对北京平原地下水监测网的监测密度和监测频率进行了优化设计。主要采用编制地下水动态类型图的方法进行了地下水水位监测网的优化,克里金插值法能定量评价依据监测网观测值绘制的地下水水位等高线的精度,因而可以用来评价监测优化结果。并根据时间序列分析和统计检验提供的定量标准优化了地下水水位监测频率。优化后,北京平原共有监测孔400眼,其中利用原有监测孔300眼,新设计监测孔100眼,手工监测频率由原来的每月6次优化为每月1次,专项高频率监测可以由地下水自动监测仪实现。文中还对地下水自动监测仪(DIVER)的监测结果和手工监测结果进行了对比评价,提出了地下水水位监测网的维护、管理措施和信息发布方式。  相似文献   

18.
在地震地质背景研究的基础上,运用神经网络理论中改进的BP算法对三峡水库诱发地震强度进行了预测研究。预测结果表明,秭归盆地高桥断裂近库段有可能诱发Ms>6.0级的地震,可能诱发4.5相似文献   

19.
内蒙古呼和浩特市承压地下水水位监测网优化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
定量评价地下水监测网的合理性对于准确、经济地获取高质量的监测数据尤为重要。本文针对呼和浩特市平原区现行承压水监测网, 以估计误差标准差作为衡量监测网合理与否的特征参数, 借助ArcGIS地学统计模块, 利用普通Kriging插值模型, 对待测点进行插值, 获取估计误差标准差等值线图。结果表明: 监测水位估计误差标准差范围由优化前的0.47~4.44变为优化后的0.5~0.8(除研究区西南边界附近外), 研究区整体估计误差标准差显著减小, 且全区范围内变幅较小。优化后的监测网在满足监测精度需要的同时, 能够较大程度节省监测网的运行费用。研究成果为呼和浩特市平原区承压水水位监测提供一个较优化的监测网布设方案, 进而为研究区承压地下水的合理开发利用以及相关环境地质问题提供真实可靠的数据支撑, 具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

20.
乌鲁木齐河流域地下水水质监测网设计   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
文章运用地下水易污性编图及污染源分布图法进行了乌鲁木齐河流域地下水水质监测网设计。共设计了130监测孔,现有46个监测孔,另需要84个新的监测孔。按监测类型分为面源监测点22个,点源监测点87个,重点水源地与泉水监测点21个。按监测运行分长期监测点55个,流域普查监测点75个。普查监测点监测频率为1次/5年,长期监测点监测频率为1次/年。首期有针对性地在污染严重的柴窝堡新化厂排污区、乌鲁木齐河谷老排污区、米泉污灌区、米泉工业污染区、老龙河污染区取了25个污染水样测试分析,结果显示地下水已经受到严重污染。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号