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1.
Summary To be able to parameterize vertical heat and water vapour fluxes in the boundary layer of the atmosphere, it is necessary to determined, among other factors, the amount of incident total radiation under a generally arbitrary condition of the atmosphere at any instant of time. This paper deals with a simple model for computing the total radiation based on known solar elevation, total cloud cover and the atmospheric turbidity parameter. This variant of the model was formulated on the basis of a two-year series of total radiation observations made in the radiation network of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, and on the measurements and observations made at the observatory of the Institute of the Physics of the Atmosphere in Kopisty. An example of comparing the observed and theoretical values of total radiation will also be given.
¶rt;um naamuauu mua nm mna u amu nzau am mm ¶rt; nu n¶rt;u au a nm numa a a¶rt;uauu m u. mam auam n naamuauu a a¶rt;uauu n ¶rt;a m a, ammu am u mnu az na. ¶rt;azaa ¶rt; nma a mam ¶rt;mu uu auau mu z zu¶rt;mzu z umumma u a amuu mumma uuu am numa. mam ma nu¶rt; nu au u u n n¶rt; ¶rt;u u au a a¶rt;uauu.
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2.
nuaa m¶rt;ua u mam unmauaumaGs 12 No. 129 a uauu ¶rt;uana amm 0.02–30. a uu a uau nam auu au u auma naamauma a mua ma u n¶rt;a mumm a ¶rt;uu ¶rt;ama ammau uu .  相似文献   

3.
Summary The estimate of the tidal long-term decrease in the angular velocity of the Earth's rotation due to the Sun is given as –(0.8±0.3)×10 –22 rad s –2. It was computed on the basis of the observed total long-term decrease in , of the observed tidal deceleration of the Moon and the observed decrease in the second-degree zonal Stokes geopotential harmonic term. Adopting the estimate given, the product of the Love number and the tidal phase lag angle due to the Sun (in degrees) comes out as 0.53±0.20.
am a z nuuu u z mu au u, az : –(0,8±0,3) 10 –22 a¶rt; –2 . ¶rt; ua n a¶rt;a u , n a¶rt;a nuu u ¶rt;z ¶rt;uu u n a¶rt;a u mz az znmuaz naama ma. u num n au, m nu¶rt;u ua a a z u ( za¶rt;a) a z nuua a (0,53±0,20).
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4.
au ¶rt; nmuaa mu n, a¶rt;u a, ¶rt;a ¶rt;¶rt; maua mu n na n¶rt;a na umuu, nn¶rt;u m nmmu ma nu n. a¶rt;aa a u um ¶rt;uam. a u ¶rt;m um u au. u m amamu n¶rt;¶rt; u u nu¶rt;um au nmuaa u¶rt; ¶rt;a nu¶rt;u u a¶rt;a mu uumau A 2k u B 2k+1 , n¶rt;mau au uua uum u uuu nmn au ¶rt; u nma a¶rt;au.  相似文献   

5.
Summary The Earth's crust and mantle structure in the region Crimea are investigated on the surface waves observations. For this investigation the long-period seismographs have been installed for the triangle of the seismic stations Simferopol, Alushta, Theodosiya. The phase velocities dispersion has been determined on the base of surface waves for the 8 earthquakes. The observed dispersion curves agree with the theoretical ones for the Earth's model with the crust's thickness of 36–40 km and with (in the mantle) the low velocity layer (V s =4.3 km/sec at the depth of about 120 km). . , , . 8 . 36–40 . (V s=4.3 /) 120 .Presented to the IASPEI General Assembly, Madrid, 1969.  相似文献   

6.
¶rt;m uu n ¶rt;au m uu nu mau nam aum n. mu uu auam mmmuu uuu ¶rt;u u naam. a¶rt;am auu ¶rt; uuu n ¶rt;au m u u. a auu a¶rt;am nuu amm 245 . ¶rt;aam umnmau m a¶rt;a uu.  相似文献   

7.
The materials presented in this paper were collected in the course of studies of phytoplankton and photosynthetic pigments in the Upper Volga reservoirs within the territory of Yaroslavl province. In 1995–2000, the phytoplankton in these water bodies was found to be represented mainly by diatom, blue-green, green, and in some cases, cryptophyte algae. It was found that in the channel parts of the reservoirs, the population of planktonic algae varied from 25 to 96180 thousand cell/l, their biomass, from 0.009 to 5.54 mg/l, and the chlorophyll content, from 0.4 to 22.4 g/l. The values of saprobity index in terms of phytoplankton were found to characterize waters of all the three reservoirs as -mesosaprobic, and the extent of blue-green algae development in the overwhelming majority of cases was classed as environmentally safe, although their abundance in the coastal zone sometimes is an indication of a substantial deterioration in water quality.  相似文献   

8.
Summary On the basis of the 1966–73 data, the effect of the difference between pro- and anti-sectors of the IMF is found to be negligible in the winter midlatitude (Central Europe) ionosphere contrary to the dominant effect of this difference in the high-latitude ionosphere found earlier.
a ¶rt;a a 1966–73. u¶rt;m u m amu ¶rt; pro- u anti- mau . na a u ¶rt;um (¶rt; na) u, , a naa a, naum um u.
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9.
¶rt; aau n¶rt;am uu, umu,au mummu u ¶rt;uau ¶rt;uanaa mu um. am n a nmua amm aamumuu um ¶rt; au uu nuu. ¶rt;ma ummuu m¶rt; nmuau mu um a a¶rt;a an¶rt;u n n¶rt;am uu n nmu.  相似文献   

10.
The statistical technique known as analysis of variance is applied to a large set of European strong-motion data to investigate whether strong ground motions show a regional dependence. This question is important when selecting strong-motion records for the derivation of ground motion prediction equations and also when choosing strong-motion records from one geographical region for design purposes in another. Five regions with much strong-motion data (the Caucasus region, central Italy, Friuli, Greece and south Iceland) are investigated here. For the magnitude and distance range where there are overlapping data from the five areas (2.50 Ms 5.50, 0 d 35 km) and consequently analysis of variance can be performed, there is little evidence for a regional dependence of ground motions. There is a lack of data from moderate and large magnitude earthquakes (Ms > 5.5) so analysis of variance cannot be performed there. Since there is uncertainty regarding scaling ground motions from small to large magnitudes whether ground motions from large earthquakes are significantly different in different parts of Europe is not known. Analysis of variance has the ability to complement other techniques for the assessment of regional dependence of ground motions.  相似文献   

11.
Summary The method of computing the quasi-isotropic relative structure (QIRS) of a geodetic net which maximizes the relative accuracy between a priori determined points of the net, the configuration of the net being taken into account, is described. The iteration procedure is used to establish this structure.
nuam n aamu auumn mum naa uu¶rt;u mu, m nu¶rt;um au mum mmu ¶rt; ¶rt;au naau nm m uauu¶rt;u mu. nm umamu m¶rt; uu.
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12.
n ¶rt;a, n¶rt;mau 531 au ¶rt; u aum m u¶rt;uu n mumu ana¶rt;, ¶rt; u -m n, aauum ¶rt;um u u amuaa n¶rt;naa ma ua aama. uu nmam an¶rt;u ¶rt; u aum aam ¶rt;au cuu uP n m , n¶rt;am mn n=1, 2, 3 u 5 (m n). u uua ¶rt;a¶rt;amu uu n¶rt;mauu uum au (a. 1) u u n aumam uu nmu, m n¶rt;mam u¶rt; am uuu ¶rt; u aum (u. 1–4). annuau 2 u 5 mn nm ma am mmmu m (u. 5, 6). ama uuu u m aam amu uu uma.  相似文献   

13.
au u uu mu a amu am a¶rt; mum ma¶rt;amuauau nmm m a, ¶rt;a m u ¶rt;u naam — aum¶rt; a, nu¶rt; a¶rt;u uu na¶rt;u am — nu muaua muam ¶rt; m ¶rt;a. ¶rt;aa n ma¶rt;amuauu nm naam ¶rt;u munaua nmmu ¶rt;.  相似文献   

14.
au am nu¶rt;, nuau ¶rt;u¶rt;aum ¶rt;ua, a u ¶rt; ma aum u¶rt;uu aam ma¶rt;am . a a au ¶rt; uuauu u nm nmu a u m muna, mm m¶rt; ma a anma n u. uunua muau u m¶rt; nua [4, 5]. n¶rt; am nuam m¶rt; u, u¶rt;u u m¶rt;a a u a nm nu nu¶rt;um au m u m¶rt;.  相似文献   

15.
¶rt;m nmaumuu uma a nuu amma. aa, m ua u ua um ¶rt; nm am ¶rt;au u nuu uma. aumaa mu ¶rt; u a au nu u mau. aa ua u ua . n¶rt; nnau anum¶rt; aamumu aa nuu . aa, m nm a¶rt; u um a aau a amm 56°/h, ma aa a au mau. aamuam au u m u.

Presented at the meeting of Working Group 3.3. of the KAPG (Prague, November 1975).  相似文献   

16.
a mamumuu m, m n¶rt; u a¶rt;a au, um ¶rt;umuau. aam, m a au ¶rt;unu a¶rt;a au n ¶rt;umuauu u n¶rt; nu a an¶rt; a u uu aa ,¶rt; h a ¶rt;umuauu.  相似文献   

17.
Summary The dependence between Pn-wave velocities and the surface heat flow, temperature at the core-mantl boundary and thickness of the Earth's crust for continents (Europe, Asia, North America and Australia) was investigated statistically in connection with the problem of lateral inhomogeneities in the upper mantle. The relations obtained were compared with those determined under laboratory conditions. The conclusion is that temperature and pressure effects may provide additional explanations of the regional variations of Pn-wave velocities observed in most continents.
auum ¶rt;auu mu n¶rt; a nmu uua(Pn ), nm mn nm, mnam a u m mum a u¶rt;aa u n uuuma ¶rt;¶rt;m mu Pn. nua ¶rt;a mama aam u¶rt;au nu m n¶rt; amuu u u ¶rt;au u mnam a¶rt;um mmmuu mamau n¶rt;aa am. am ¶rt;, m ua uu m Pn- ¶rt; amu muma n¶rt;m auu m¶rt;uauu u a nmu muua.
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18.
Summary The algorithm of iterative geophysical tomography is presented. The medium is approximated smoothly by means of B-splines. The tww-point problem of ray computation is solved with the aid of paraxial approximation. The parameters of the medium are obtained from the iterative algorithm of minimizing the quadratic form. Two numerical 2-D examples are given.
u¶rt; au umamuuu mauu. ¶rt;a annuuaa n nu nu -na. ma na aa a nu nu naaua annuauu. aam ¶rt; n a umamu aua uuauauu a¶rt;amu . am nu¶rt; ¶rt;a 2-D u nua.
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19.
Summary The Sun moves at different distances round the barycentre of the Solar System with different velocities depending on the distribution of the planets. The mean period of the Sun's motion round the barycentre of 11.8627 years and its time variability were observed. A relation between the basic period of 178.4 years and other periods pi in the Sun's motion (pi=178.4/i; i=1, 2, ...) was found. The consistency of the periods in the Sun's motion round the barycentre with the periods of different solar-terrestrial phenomena was studied. It seems that the planetary system governs these phenomena.
n¶rt; ¶rt;u nu¶rt; au a ama um (11,8627 m) u auauu. a a¶rt;a nuua ¶rt; m¶rt;u nu¶rt;au ¶rt;uu a (pi=178,4/i). mu nu¶rt;a u nma nu¶rt; n¶rt; a - u. na¶rt;u nu¶rt; am, m a uma nam mu u.
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20.
m amamu n¶rt;ma au ¶rt; nmuaa mu n ma a, ¶rt;a ¶rt;¶rt; maua mu n ¶rt; nmam ¶rt;um n¶rt; nnmmu n. u m umau n aa mau a, m m nmmu ma nu ¶rt;¶rt; n naa u umuu n. maa a¶rt;aa a u um ¶rt;uam. a u nu¶rt;m um ua u au, nu u n a auu mam, n¶rt;ma [5, 6]. m um nu num m amamu au ¶rt; nmuaa mu n, n¶rt;mau u¶rt; ¶rt;a nu a¶rt;a.  相似文献   

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