共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
相位解缠是干涉雷达（ＩｎＳＡＲ）技术测量地形高程的重要步骤之一。由噪声和欠采样导致的相应不一致性是相位解缠的难点。本文详细介绍了各种相应解缠算法,并从理论上比较了各种算法的优缺点,分析了相位解缠算法未来的发展趋势。 相似文献
2.
合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术（SAR）经过10多年的发展,现已广泛的应用于地球学科的各个领域.目前主流的GAMMA解算软件,采用二轨差分的方法,对实验区的SAR数据进行配准、滤波、去平地效应、相位解缠、差分等处理,最后得到垂直形变图,实现了地表形变的监测.本次研究SAR数据为欧空局的ERS-2卫星数据,DEM分辨率为30 m,采用最小费用流法解缠,得到于雷达视线方向上的形变量,再通过计算与转换,生成垂直方向上的形变图.结果表明,研究区城市中及其周边发现明显的沉降中心,在山区地带基本没有沉降. 相似文献
3.
数字高程模型预处理方法的研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,简称DEM)是地形表面形态属性的数字化表达,被广泛应用于流域水文模拟中河网水系的提取.从DEM直接提取的河网水系及相关的流域地理空间信息,是分布式水文模拟的地理信息平台.由于DEM中洼地和平坦区的存在会影响水流方向的确定和数字河网的正确提取.因此在河网自动提取过程中必须首先对DEM数据进行预处理.本文对国内外各种DEM预处理方法进行了归纳总结.将DEM数据预处理方法分为两大类:分步处理法,以及一体化处理法.分步处理法按处理对象又可分为洼地处理方法和平坦区处理方法两部分;而一体化处理法则采用迭代算法同时对洼地和平地进行处理. 相似文献
4.
由于满足人类生产生活的需求,人类对河道的开发利用使得河道水系变得纵横交错,在平原区的很多河道高程不断的变化,甚至河流流向变成了与原来相反;因此采用常规方法在利用DEM提取数字水系时就会产生断开或者假水系的情况.针对以上情况,本文建立了采用强可视化算法等方法进行DEM的处理及河系提取,具体为:首先在流域实际水系的基础上,提炼出可反映实际水系主要特征和过程的概化水系,其次对断开或不舍理处的DEM采用本文建立的强可视化算法进行分析,并采用缓冲区算法和双线性插值算法进行修改,最后对得到的DEM进行河系提取.运用以上方法,本文以天津市为倒进行了应用,并与传统算法和高程增量遮加方法提取的DEM水系相比较,结果表明该方法更适合平原区数字水系的提取,并能得到与实际情况吻合的水系. 相似文献
5.
基于InSAR和ICESat的南极冰盖地区DEM提取和精度分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
结合InSAR和ICESat测高数据,以东南极PANDA断面4个实验区为例,进行DEM生成研究.在干涉相位转换成高程前,引入ICESat测高数据作为控制点优化干涉对基线,消除基线线性误差趋势的影响.利用控制点之外的ICESat测高数据分析4个实验区的DEM精度及其差异,并探讨了引起DEM误差的原因.冰流和地貌特征是影响InSAR生成冰盖DEM精度的重要因素.针对冰流的影响,从理论上进行了分析并结合冰流速数据进行了分析验证.最后利用克里金插值法改正InSAR DEM残余误差,并利用GPS实测控制点对改正效果进行验证.结果表明:对于高纬区流速较小且分布一致的区域,改正效果很好,DEM精度可达3 m;而对于冰流速较大且复杂的地区,需采用多基线等算法进一步消弱冰流引入的误差. 相似文献
6.
南极数字高程模型（DEM）是南极冰盖研究的基础数据,目前国际通用的全南极DEM数据主要有JLB97 DEM、RAMPv2 DEM、ICESat DEM以及Bamber 1km DEM. 利用DEM对DEM验证的方式对四种DEM的精度进行比较分析. 结果表明：Bamber 1km DEM和ICESat DEM之间的高程差异最小,平均高程差小于1.8 m,二者均有较高的可靠性. RAMPv2 DEM与Bamber 1km DEM的高程差大于1.9 m,在81.5° S以南和坡度较大的区域,高程差异更为明显,高程可靠性较低. JLB97 DEM与上述三种DEM的偏差超过10 m,高程可靠性最低. 相似文献
7.
数字高程模型（DEM）是DTM的一种特例,是对地球表面地形地貌的一种离散的数字表达。DEM是地理信息系统进行地形分析的基础数据。采用1：10万数字等高线数据建构30m空间分辨率格网DEM,并基于DEM进行分级,提取坡度、地形起伏度及坡度聚类,坡谱等地形分析;比较准确地表达了福建的总体地形特征,为地理分析及环境评价等提供了基础的数据。 相似文献
8.
干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)数据已被证明能生成精确的数字高程模型。本文利用欧空局2颗卫星ERS-1/2对西藏羊八井地区成像所获取的相隔仅1天2幅SAR复数影像作了干涉处理和分析,生成了DEM,并与1∶5万DEM比较,对干涉DEM的精度作了评价,并分析了其潜在的制约因素。试验证明,在西藏地区的研究中,InSAR是一种非常有效的手段,不仅可用于地图制图,而且在地球动力学、地貌环境变化等领域也有巨大的潜力。 相似文献
9.
重点讨论基于不同软件平台下,机载LiDAR数据加工DEM测绘产品工艺技术研究。针对原始LiDAR点云集数据拼接、系统精度纠正、预处理→地面高程点提取→非地面点滤波分类→数字地面模型编辑→数字高程模型网格化→DEM产品质量检验等生产工艺流程进行研究。通过对LiDAR数据滤波分类处理算法应用研究,实现不同地物类别点云自动化提取。同时针对高精度的DTM、DEM数模产品拓展应用,重构地表模型三维虚拟成像。 相似文献
10.
机载LiDAR系统作为新技术用于获取高精度、高密度的三维坐标及与其匹配的影像数据,可快速生产高精度的3D产品。以某试验区用LiDAR技术获得的数据为例,介绍应用POSPac软件、Terra软件和ERDAS软件的LPS模块进行POS数据处理、数字高程模型（DEM）、数字正射影像图（DOM）的制作过程,应用ImageSatationSSK系统进行数字地形图（DLG）的测图,并取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
11.
用InSAR技术提取数字高程模型的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)是一种获取地面数字高程模型(DEM)和探测地面微小形变的新技术。这里概述了干涉测量的发展历史,介绍了干涉测量的基本原理,并利用青藏高原库塞湖地区的数据对干涉测量获得地面数字高程模型进行了详细的阐述,最后对生成的地面数字高程模型进行结果分析。 相似文献
12.
Abdurrahman Geymen 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(2):827-837
The development of satellite technology is rapidly increasing the evolution of remote sensing. Satellite images give extensive useful information about the land structure that is easily manageable in the process of generating true, high-speed information which allows the forecasting of future environmental and urban planning. Remote sensing comprises active and passive systems. Passive sensors detect natural radiation that is emitted or reflected by the object or surrounding area being observed. Active systems which produce their own electromagnetic energy and their main properties are their ability of collecting data in nearly all atmospheric conditions, day or night. These systems are frequently used to generate a digital elevation model (DEM) because they cover large areas. DEM supplies essential data for applications that are concerned with the Earth’s surface and DEMs derived from survey data are accurate but very expensive and time consuming to create. However, the use of satellite remote sensing to provide images to generate a DEM is considered to be an efficient method of obtaining data. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a new geodetic technique for determining earth topography. InSAR measurements are highly dense and they only give information in Line of Sight of Radar. In the study, interferograms were produced from the InSAR images taken by ERS satellites in 1992 and 2007 and we developed the methods to generate a DEM using the InSAR technique and present the results relating to Kayseri Province in Turkey. The accuracy of the DEM derived from the InSAR technique is evaluated in comparison with a reference DEM generated from contours in a topographical map. 相似文献
13.
Mukesh Gupta Kamini Kanta Mohanty Devendra Kumar Ramanuj Banerjee 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(6):2875-2883
This paper investigates surface elevation changes that occurred during 1996–2004 in the Jharia coalfield through the digital elevation model (DEM) generated using synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) using ERS-1/2 (European Remote Sensing Satellite) tandem and RADARSAT-1 data. The comparison of elevation values derived from the InSAR DEM and topographic height data shows a bias of 23.08 m with root-mean-square error of ±2.31 m (5.8 %). The accuracy of the DEM was investigated by comparing the elevation profiles with the digitized elevation contour data at four different locations. The profile comparison shows a mean bias of 22.68 m. Local topography shows changes in elevation up to ±40.00 m due to mining activities on the 8-year time period. The results of InSAR-derived heights and topographic heights were comparable and well-matched except at a few locations where topographic data were unavailable. DEM generated using InSAR due to its high spatial details is ideal for the detection and estimation of surface elevation changes in mining areas. 相似文献
14.
合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术是传统的合成孔径雷达技术和射电天文学中的干涉测量技术相结合而发展起来的一项新的遥感技术,这一新技术以其在大范围地表高程测量和地表变形测量方面所具有的独特优势和巨大潜力,而成为对地测量和地学科学研究的一个重要的工具。同星载InSAR相比,机载InSAR在高分辨率区域测图方面具有较大的优势,而且数据采集的时间安排及飞行方位选取方面相对较灵活。而且SAR是一种主动微波遥感技术,具有全天时全天候的工作特征,这一技术也正在成为中国西部困难地区测图的一个非常有效的工具。在详细分析应用机载InSAR数据测量地表高程的基本原理的基础上,提出了机载InSAR自动生成DEM的技术流程,并以内蒙古丰镇地区的机载InSAR数据为基础进行了试验研究,取得了较好的效果,为这一新技术的进一步实际应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
15.
Accuracy assessment of InSAR derived input maps for landslide susceptibility analysis: a case study from the Swiss Alps 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In recent years SAR interferometry has become a widely used technique for measuring altitude and displacement of the surface
of the earth. Both these capabilities are highly relevant for landslide susceptibility studies. Although there are many problems
that make the use of SAR interferometry less suitable for landslide inventory mapping, it’s use in landslide monitoring and
in the generation of input maps for landslide susceptibility assessment looks very promising. The present work attempts to
evaluate the usefulness and limitations of this technique based on a case study in the Swiss Alps. Input maps were generated
from ERS repeat pass data using SAR interferometry. A land cover map has been generated by image classification of multi-temporal
SAR intensity images. An InSAR DEM was generated and a number of maps were derived from it, such as slope-, aspect, altitude-
and slope form classes. These maps were used to generate landslide and rockfall susceptibility maps, which give fairly well
acceptable results. However, a comparison of the InSAR DEM with the conventional Swisstopo DEM, indicated significant errors
in the absolute height and slope angles derived from InSAR, especially along the ridges and in the valleys. These errors are
caused by low coherence mostly due to layover and shadow effects. Visual comparison of stereo images created from hillshading
maps and corresponding DEMs demonstrate that a considerable amount of topographic details have been lost in the InSAR-derived
DEM. It is concluded that InSAR derived input maps are not ideal for landslide susceptibility assessment, but could be used
if more accurate data is lacking. 相似文献
16.
极具潜力的空间对地观测新技术——合成孔径雷达干涉 总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33
“合成孔径雷达干涉(InSAR)”是近十年发展起来的空间对地观测遥感新技术。它具有从覆盖同一地区的星载(或机载)合成孔径雷达复数图像对提取干涉相位图,借助于雷达成像时的姿态数据重建地表三维模型(即数字高程模型)的巨大潜力。尤其是基于多幅雷达复数图像处理的差分干涉技术(D-InSAR)可以用于监测地表形变,精度可达厘米级甚至更高,其监测空间分辨率是前所未有的。介绍了InSAR和D-InSAR的基本原理,对影响干涉结果的一些重要因素做了分析,重点回顾和展望了差分干涉技术在与地表形变有关的地震监测和震后形变测量、地面下沉和山体滑坡、火山运动监测等方面应用的现状和前景。 相似文献
17.
C. Y. Zhao Q. Zhang X. L. Ding Z. Lu C. S. Yang X. M. Qi 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(7):1533-1540
The City of Xian, China, has been experiencing significant land subsidence and ground fissure activities since 1960s, which
have brought various severe geohazards including damages to buildings, bridges and other facilities. Monitoring of land subsidence
and ground fissure activities can provide useful information for assessing the extent of, and mitigating such geohazards.
In order to achieve robust Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) results, six interferometric pairs of Envisat ASAR
data covering 2005–2006 are collected to analyze the InSAR processing errors firstly, such as temporal and spatial decorrelation
error, external DEM error, atmospheric error and unwrapping error. Then the annual subsidence rate during 2005–2006 is calculated
by weighted averaging two pairs of D-InSAR results with similar time spanning. Lastly, GPS measurements are applied to calibrate
the InSAR results and centimeter precision is achieved. As for the ground fissure monitoring, five InSAR cross-sections are
designed to demonstrate the relative subsidence difference across ground fissures. In conclusion, the final InSAR subsidence
map during 2005–2006 shows four large subsidence zones in Xian hi-tech zones in western, eastern and southern suburbs of Xian
City, among which two subsidence cones are newly detected and two ground fissures are deduced to be extended westward in Yuhuazhai
subsidence cone. This study shows that the land subsidence and ground fissures are highly correlated spatially and temporally
and both are correlated with hi-tech zone construction in Xian during the year of 2005–2006. 相似文献
18.
基于ICESat数据的南极冰盖DEM插值方法比较及精度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南极数字高程模型(DEM)是从事南极地学和环境变化研究的基础. 内插是建立数字高程模型的重要技术点, 插值方法有多种, 根据不同的适用情况, 不同的插值方法各有优劣. 利用克里格、 距离反权、 三角网剖分、 最小曲率以及移动平均5种插值方法分别建立南极冰盖小范围区域的DEM, 通过抽取部分观测数据作为验证值对各插值方法进行了比较. 结果表明: 克里格插值方法的可靠性最好, 稳定性最高. 然后, 利用克里格插值方法, 基于ICESat测高卫星的GLA12数据建立了南极冰盖的DEM. 由于南极大陆实测数据有限, 缺乏对DEM的检核. 为了分析所建DEM的可靠性, 利用中国南极内陆冰盖考察所采集的GPS实测数据, 对所建立的DEM进行了验证分析. 结果显示, DEM在坡度较缓的南极内陆冰盖区域精度较高, 符合度在3 m以内; 距离卫星轨道越近的区域精度越高, 可达到1 m 以内. 在坡度较大, 高程变化较为显著的区域如沿海地区, 精度较低, 差距最大的点超过40 m. 相似文献
19.
Ashar Muda Lubis Toshinori Sato Nobuhiro Tomiyama Nobuhiro Isezaki Tsutomu Yamanokuchi 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2011,40(5):1079-1088
The focus of this study is investigation of land subsidence in Semarang city Indonesia with the use of Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) of ALOS–PALSAR satellite. We processed 22 ascending SAR images during January 2007 to January 2009 plus two descending SAR images acquired on 6 June 2006 and 17 June 2007. The time series analysis of interferometry was performed by using 12 pairs of interferogram relative to 21 January 2007 and 8 pairs of interferogram relative 24 January 2008. The topographic phase contribution was removed using the 3-arcsec (90 m) Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), Digital Elevation Model (DEM). We performed precision baseline estimation to vanish the fringes from baseline effect between master and slave data. In order to investigate the contribution of horizontal movement in our analysis, we constructed two interferograms of ascending orbit and descending orbit. The time series results exhibited that the area is subsiding continuously without a significant seasonal effect during January 2007 to January 2009. The land subsidence observed from InSAR data is approximately up to 8 cm/year. Three cross sections on image displacement show the extreme land subsidence occurred especially along the coastal area and lowland area where this area is considered as industrial with high-density settlements, consuming a lot of groundwater, and land is changed from agriculture and cultivation purposes to industrial estates and house. Our result also shows a consistency with historical pattern of subsidence measured by leveling data. The results highlight the potential use of InSAR measurements to provide better constraints for land subsidence in Semarang city Indonesia. 相似文献