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1.
Brian Hoyle 《GeoJournal》2001,53(2):183-197
The urban waterfront redevelopment diaspora, formerly confined to advanced countries, is starting to impact upon coastal settlements in former colonial territories. In diverse contexts ranging from postcolonialism and globalization to cultural revival and tourism development, developing countries are seeking to revive their historic port cities. This paper reports on the experience of Mombasa, Kenya, where waterfront redevelopment is a problematic element in the conservation of the historic urban core, and relates local issues to wider policies, relevant literature and experience elsewhere. 相似文献
2.
Seong-Kyu Ha 《GeoJournal》2001,53(1):39-45
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to analyze the Joint Redevelopment Project (JRP), a housing renewal program in low-income residential communities, and second, to develop a community-based approach to urban redevelopment in Korea. In urban areas of Korea, particularly in Seoul, housing renewal has systematically reduced the supply of substandard housing in the areas where low-income families have concentrated, thereby isolating and marginalizing the displaced tenants. Housing renewal or urban redevelopment projects are basically profit-oriented rather than upgrading-oriented for a community by means of community dynamics and residents' participation. Although many renewal projects have contributed to the increase of homeowners among middle-income families who had enough financial resources for the purchase of a house, there have been no programs giving sufficient consideration to tenants. In fact, most renewal projects displaced low-income residents affected by housing speculation and attracted more middle-income families into the projects.For local governments, a community-based approach to urban policy means encouraging comprehensive planning and cooperation between governments and communities. It is a holistic approach built around families and communities. We need to use a learning and enabling process in order to develop a community-based approach to redevelopment in urban areas of Korea. 相似文献
3.
城市旅游开发规划研究进展评述 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在总结国内旅游开发规划工作经验的基础上,从理论和实践两方面探讨了综合与整体规划、配套建设、滚动开发的操作模式以及当前旅游开发重点等,强调要突出旅游文化背景和旅游形象策划,并归纳了旅游开发规划需要研究的一系列问题。 相似文献
4.
在总结国内旅游开发规划工作经验的基础上,从理论和实践两方面探讨了综合与整体规划,配套建设,滚动开发的操作模式以及当前旅游开发重点等,强调要突出旅游文化背景和旅游形象策划,并归纳了旅游开发规划需要研究的一系列问题。 相似文献
5.
Nicholas Dines 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):177-188
This article examines the relationship between immigration and urban renewal in Naples during the 1990s through the conflicting representations and uses of Piazza Garibaldi, a large piazza located in front of the city's central railway station. As well as the hub of the city's public transport network, since the mid-1980s this piazza has been the multifunctional space for a number of immigrant groups. Re-envisioned as the `gateway' to the city's regenerated centro storico (historic centre) during the 1990s, the piazza became a focus of public debates on security, tourism and, in particular, immigration. I examine how these issues intersected with political discourses about a renewed sense of citizenship in redefining the piazza as a strategic but problematic public space. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and analysis of local newspaper reports, the article looks at the ways in which the piazza has been appropriated by different immigrant groups for social and economic purposes, and how, at the same time, they have been excluded from discourses about a `new' Naples. 相似文献
6.
Reinhard Wießner 《GeoJournal》1999,49(1):43-51
The aim of this paper is to analyse the main characteristics of post-socialist urban development in East Germany, especially
the differences compared to urban development in other East and Central European countries. In spite of the many similar problems
and processes in urban development, specific features of East Germany are characterised by the rapid growth of suburbia, especially
in the first phase of transition, by the proceeding activities of urban renewal and revitalisation, and by a lower level of
social polarisation and socio-spatial segregation as compared to other post-socialist countries. Important conditions for
urban development in East Germany exist in special support programmes, high subsidies and other financial transfers as well
as in engaged planning conceptions of the local authorities.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
Martin Zebracki 《GeoJournal》2013,78(2):303-317
Since the upsurge of public art in the 1980s, geographers have been critically analysing creative practices as drivers of urban development and regeneration. They have commonly framed perceptions of art in urban public space from the perspectives of its producers and planners. Yet, the fundamental purpose of public art is shaped by its publics, which comprise a multifaceted audience. Some scholars have held a brief for examining perceptions of public art through its publics, but let things go at that. This paper attempts to address this under-researched yet important field by presenting a survey of publics’ perceptions of selected public-artwork localities in Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Antwerp and Ghent. The publics’ perceptions were generally expressed in platitudes that were neither unreservedly positive nor unreservedly negative. But the distinct localities do show significant differences in publics’ perceived attractiveness of the public-artwork locality. These perceptions are further situated within publics’ cognitive, spatial, aesthetic, social and symbolic proximity to both the public artwork and its site. These empirical details provide insight into publics’ engagement with public art in particular places and thereby provide lessons for public-art-led urban planning. Moreover, this study instigates more solid qualitative research on this specific engagement. 相似文献
8.
R. Van Deusen Jr. 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):149-158
Urban designers and their design process remain largely outside the literature on public space. Either designers are cast as simple tools of capitalist social relations, producing exclusionary public spaces, or they figure as entrepreneurs that complement economic renewal schemes through beautification measures that bring business and jobs to the city. This paper analyzes both of these arguments, through an ethnographic analysis of the urban design process behind the redevelopment of a public square in Syracuse, NY. I argue that aesthetic considerations most often derive from economic and political pressures, pressures that draw upon the social contexts of urban designers within an international division of labor and their relationship to class struggle. Because public space serves such an important role in political and social life, its status as a product of urban design should therefore act as a crucial component in any discussion of rights to the city. 相似文献
9.
A geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning often requires a large amount of spatial information. Geographic information systems (GIS) are capable of managing large amounts of spatially related information, providing the ability to integrate multiple layers of information and to derive additional information. A GIS-aid to the geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning is illustrated for the urban area of Lanzhou City and its vicinity in Northwest China. This evaluation incorporates topography, surficial and bedrock geology, groundwater conditions, and historic geologic hazards. Urban land-use is categorized according to the types of land-use and projects planned, such as high-rise building, multi-storey building, low-rise building, waste disposal, and natural conservation. Multi-criteria analysis is performed to evaluate development suitability of the geo-environment for each category, according to appropriately measured and weighted factors. A suitability map for each category is developed using an algorithm that combines factors in weighted linear combinations. It is demonstrated that the GIS methodology has high functionality for geo-environmental assessment. 相似文献
10.
《Geoforum》2017
This research examines urban sculpture production to understand how a public art (called “urban sculpture” in China) scene is produced in the country, using Shanghai as a case study. Theories of Chinese urban planning are innovatively applied. The findings generate theoretical implications for “contextualizing” public art production in geographical studies. All the chief officials in charge of urban sculpture planning in Shanghai were interviewed, and documentary analyses were conducted. The article argues that urban sculptures are conceived of as both symbolic capitals and didactic tools in the cultural policies of Shanghai. Urban sculpture planning plays an important role in coordinating and manipulating development of symbolic resources to advance urban entrepreneurialism within the ideological framework of the Communist Party’s leadership. The main features of the urban sculpture planning system of China are twofold: (1) The two-tier planning structure combines a master plan at the municipal level and detailed plans for site analysis and design guidance at the district level, all collaboratively working to create an attractive city image for urban entrepreneurialism. (2) An authoritarian style of planning system controls the contents and expression of urban sculpture within the ideological framework of urban sculpture planning. 相似文献
11.
城市地质环境评价是城市规划和场地选址的基础 .以兰州市为例 ,以地理信息系统软件ARC/INFO为开发平台 ,建立了城市地质环境基础数据库 ,将城市用地类型分为高层建筑用地、多层建筑用地、低层建筑用地、垃圾填埋用地及自然保护用地 ,系统分析了各类用地与地质环境协调性评价的指标体系 ,采用层次分析法建立了评价模型 ,对不同的用地类型进行了评价 .结果表明GIS与评价模型的结合可以快捷、准确地进行城市建设用地与地质环境的协调性评价 相似文献
12.
《Geoforum》2013
Why are urban plans, land use regulations and construction codes implemented effectively in some African states but not others? This constitutes an increasingly urgent development concern with major implications for the environment and the urban poor. Rather than being explained by economic factors, bureaucratic capacity or the nature of the urban policies and regulations in place, this paper argues that divergent outcomes are largely rooted in differing political bargaining environments. Comparing Uganda and Rwanda, it presents an empirical study that analyses contrasting planning and regulation trajectories in contexts of similarly low levels of socioeconomic development and soaring rates of urban growth. It argues that the divergent outcomes can be explained in relation to the political resources and incentives confronted by governing elites, which in Rwanda impel state actors to implement plans and regulations while in Uganda incentivize overriding them in the interests of political or economic gain. In highlighting political bargaining contexts and how these change over time, the paper illustrates the critical importance of historically informed city-level political economy analysis for understanding divergent urban development outcomes. 相似文献
13.
R. A. Olu Sule Prof. Dr. 《GeoJournal》1990,22(1):81-91
Conclusion The sporadic application of ‘slum clearance’ programmes served only to exacerbate the already intransigent problem of urban
housing shortage, as the example of Lagos has demonstrated. The continued application of Western assumptions in urban development
(whereas they have since been modified in those countries) has inhibited a reassessment of issues in the Nigerian context.
Some of the issues at stake have been considered in this paper. Conventional Western concepts have not only proved inappropriate
to the realities of rapid urban growth and limited resources in Nigeria and most of tropical Africa, but have intensified
the problems still further. In the context of Maroko slum clearance exercise as contained in this paper, they must be seen
as an unsuccessful attempt to control rather than resolve the housing problems of the urban poor.
I terms of planning five procedural steps are necessary to be followed to accomplish a desirable urban renewal exercise for
the community. They are (1) to acquire land in accordance with the plan, consisting of purchase of land and the structures
on it. (2) Relocation of residents from the acquired buildings into satisfactory quarters. The relocation exercise must be
made not only mandatory on the government (local or state) undertaking renewal but made a legal requirement. (3) Site clearance
— the razing of the structures on the land may be carried out only after the quality of such structures have been determined.
This exercise also assumes that a process of data collection and analysis have been accomplished (social and physical). (4)
Site improvements and supporting facilities and services are undertaken by the agency. Site improvements include streets,
sewers, lightiing etc. Others may include parks, play ground, schools etc. (5) Land may be built upon by agency or sold to
original owners if compensations have been paid. They may also be given back to owners with loans to rebuild either through
self-help or cooperative venture. Amortization and interest on such loans should be made generous for the poor.
Since demolition of housing must precede new construction in the project area, the existing stock of housing is decreased,
forcing the displacees to seek shelter in the remaining housing in the city or erect squatter housing. This is especially
likely at the low-quality end of the housing market, since the greatest reduction in the housing stock occurs there. The condition
may remain depending on government’s degree of responsiveness. Perhaps the only way to avoid the problem of a reduced housing
stock in any urban renewal project, thus curbing the incidence of the spiral process of slums among the poor, as the Maroko
example has demonstrated in Lagos, is by building new dwelling units for relocatees before demolishing their present homes.
Such policy would merge with general attempts to relocate the poor in suburbs, seeking a reduction in the concentrations of
poverty in central cities of Nigeria. 相似文献
14.
＂两规合一＂要求在严格落实国家对基本农田保护和管控的前提下,在区级土地利用总体规划中,充分发挥基本农田的生产生态功能,优先保护具有较高粮食生产能力的耕地,并强化区域生态结构控制,因地制宜地分解落实规划指标;在镇级土地利用总体规划层面,应当充分发挥基本农田的阻隔功能,利用基本农田刚性的控制手段,阻挡建设用地无序蔓延,有效保护现状耕地,从而形成最佳的粮食生产区域和最优的生态空间。本文以上海市嘉定区为例,全面阐述了在＂两规合一＂要求下,本轮土地利用总体规划中基本农田保护区、保护指标和保护图斑的规划方案,实现了区、镇两级基本农田在功能、布局和数量的协调和统一,为大都市基本农田规划的理论和实证研究提供借鉴。 相似文献
15.
Nathaniel S. Trumbull 《GeoJournal》2014,79(4):495-511
This paper explores the issue of restructuring socialist housing estates in St. Petersburg, Russia, with an emphasis on residents’ perceptions of the wide range of economic, social, and environmental impacts of that restructuring. A new housing renewal program, “renovatsiia” (renovation) of khrushchevki, has been controversial from the very beginning and involves the demolition of existing khrushchevki and the construction of new housing on the same sites. By examining the issue within the framework of housing regeneration in the post-socialist context, the paper aims to provide insights into some of the challenges of urban renewal in the housing sector in the second largest Russian city. The paper at the same time investigates the viability of the collaborative planning model in the context of the post-socialist city. 相似文献
16.
陈佳譞 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2007,(Z1)
在我国的城市建设中,对历史遗迹、历史环境、历史地段和街区的更新和建设问题尤为突出。新旧城区的新旧建筑所涉及到的各项经济技术指标,显然不能用建设规范、技术规定中的数字来一刀切;而按照新指标建设的城市,也不会具有历史风貌。在土地资源日益稀缺的今天,保持风貌区相对较高的建筑密度既可以延续城市历史风貌,也是一种节约土地的方法。 相似文献
17.
18.
Knowledge about new technology is a main determinant of the competitiveness of cities and regions nowadays. It reduces the amount of uncertainty of companies in their daily operations. In addition, it is a basis for the establishment of new companies and the restructuring of old ones. The availability and use of knowledge has thus a major influence on the development of urban and regional economies. An amazingly small amount of research has been done on the knowledge capacity of cities to date, i.e. urban potentials to generate, store, transfer and use knowledge. This article explores therefore, the urban knowledge capacity in a theoretical and empirical sense. Attention will be given to essential urban knowledge activities, and to the comprehensive and complex nature of the phenomena involved. In addition, various planning tools aimed at knowledge-based economic growth will be considered, with a focus on differences between the actors involved, and opportunities and constraints for success. In the empirical part, the city of Delft in the Netherlands will serve as an example, particularly regarding local policies for knowledge-based growth. Delft is an interesting case given the abundant availability of new technology and the relatively low level of local new firm formation. 相似文献
19.
文章在对南京城乡规划工作进行回顾与反思的基础上,分析了当前南京城乡统筹发展面临的形势和问题,指出统筹南京全域规划工作的总体思路。最后,笔者从"全域统筹,一体发展"的大南京城乡空间格局下,提出了南京城乡规划管理工作的策略应对。 相似文献
20.
Urban life is a highly interconnected historically developed web of social relations. Taking the example of Cairo, Egypt, the construction of urban space over the last 150 years is discussed, and attention is further given to more recent urban planning objectives. The paper then takes up issues of space and social reproduction and traces them down to the microlevel of individual households in order to analyse how larger changes in the food system are shaping local food security.This article is a result of an interdisciplinary research project on the Metropolitan Food System of Cairo, Egypt, untertaken by the Institute of Cultural Geography, Freiburg University, Germany, which is funded by the German Research Society (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG). Petra Kuppinger is also grateful for the support offered through a Research Fellowship by the Anthropology Department at the American University in Cairo. 相似文献