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1.
陆梁油田低阻油层成因及其识别 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对陆梁油田白垩系呼图壁河组低阻油层进行了研究，分析该区低电阻率油层的成因，认为粘土的附加导电性、束缚水饱和度高、构造幅度低及强润湿性是造成油气层电阻率低的重要原因，低阻油田的粘土矿物以伊，蒙混层、伊利石、蒙脱石、绿泥石为主，均呈薄膜状分布于砂粒周缘，膜厚2—5μm，最厚可达10μm油层具亲水性．这种含水粘膜极大地扩大了储集层中导电网络面积，它是导致白垩系呼图壁河组低阻油层成因的主要原因，由于不同含油气性储层中的烃类(石油沥青)含量姐成和性质不同，所反映的荧光和有机地化特征也不同，椐此本应用地球化学方法中氯仿沥青“A”的含量、热解气相色谱的游离烃含量和总烃含量以及饱和烃色谱特征，结合储层荧光的发光强度、发光面积及分布特征对低阻油层、油水层、含油水层及水层进行了识别，在生产中取得了很好的效果． 相似文献
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水洗作用对油藏中烃类组成的影响 总被引：17，自引：4，他引：13
通过塔木盆地塔中１０井油层和水层石炭系储集岩烃类宏观组成和分子地球化学特征研究,认识到油层和水层中储集岩含油率和烃类族组成存在着明显的差异。水洗作用对饱和烃生物标志化合物尤其是二环倍半萜影响较大,水层中倍半萜烷化合物已被消耗殆尽,三环萜烷含量降低, 伽玛蜡烷含量则相对增加;孕甾烷、升孕甾烷和重排甾烷的含量亦相对降低。水洗作用导致储集岩烃类芳烃组成中二苯并噻吩系列化合物的含量显著下降,二环和三环多环 相似文献
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首先采用色谱、色谱-质谱等分析技术研究了本区枣Ⅴ油组原油地球化学特征及断块间油藏流体连通性，然后利用岩石热解(Rock-Eval)和薄层色谱-火焰离子检测技术(TLC—FID)，结合试油及测井资料，建立了枣Ⅴ油组油干水层划分的地球化学标准，研究了流体(原油)及其性质在纵向上和平面上的变化及分布规律。研究结果表明，枣Ⅴ油组原油为低成熟原油，其源岩形成于微咸水一半咸水湖相还原环境，主要由菌藻类有机质组成，但某些藻类可能是其源岩有机质的主要贡献者；枣Ⅴ油组断块间油藏流体不连通；纵向上，储层流体非均质性强，总体而言，随深度增加枣Ⅴ油组储层含油性逐渐变差，但原油性质逐渐变好。平面上，储层流体非均质性强，不同断块含油性不同，同一断块不同部位含油性不同；不同断块原油性质不同，总体而言，从NE到SW，枣Ⅴ油组的原油性质逐渐变好。 相似文献
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受地震资料分辨率的限制和薄层干涉的影响,单一的薄油层与水层的地球物理特征难以区分。当油层较为富集时,地球物理特征会较明显。在珠江口盆地恩平凹陷,根据钻井实际资料及地震数据并结合地球物理正演模型,确定了油层的富集层段的门槛值。并在此基础上,进一步分析了油层的富集层段的地球物理属性,并采用多属性融合技术代替单一属性技术在恩平凹陷进行了盲井验证,取得了比较理想的预测效果。 相似文献
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油气聚集对石英矿物成岩演化的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
油气在砂岩储层中的聚集会对石英矿物的胶结作用产生影响。对黄骅坳陷三马探区的石英矿物的包裹体分析以及对开放孔隙中原油抽提物和包裹体中原油的生物标志物进行分析,含油级别较低的油层与水层具有相似的均一化温度分布范围,但富含油层中流体包裹体均一化温度高值分布范围比低级别油层和水层低,包裹体中的烃类组成与开放孔隙中的主要存在成熟度上的不同。分析认为石油的充注不会使石英矿物的胶结作用立刻停止,石英的次生加大作用仍在继续,但胶结作用受到一定的抑制,当石油充注到一定程度后,胶结作用将会停止,后期进入储层的成熟度较高的原油可能未被捕获。 相似文献
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对采自渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷孤南洼陷4口探井的22块古近系沙河街组碎屑储集岩标本进行了细致的磁化率-温度曲线、三轴饱和等温剩磁热退磁测试,研究不同含油级别的储集岩的热磁特征与磁性载体,结果表明:孤南洼陷沙河街组储集岩磁性矿物及其组合可以划分为3种类型:磁铁矿、针铁矿+磁黄铁矿+磁铁矿、赤铁矿+磁铁矿,岩石的磁性载体及其组合与岩石的颜色、岩性等沉积学特征密切相关,而与含油性关系不明显;在氩气环境中加热,含油标本中的磁铁矿Hopkinson峰低而宽,甚至不明显,居里温度附近曲线多呈锯齿状,冷却过程中,磁铁矿重现作用不明显,烃类有机质对碎屑储集岩中沉积成因磁铁矿的热磁行为具有一定的控制作用;烃类流体侵位,储集岩中的磁性矿物及其组合未发生明显变化,亦不存在某种演化序列或规律性,烃类流体化学重磁化不具普遍性。 相似文献
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山东沾化凹陷渤南洼陷沙四段原油的地球化学特征及油源分析 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
沙四段为沾化凹陷渤南洼陷深层的主要产油层,目前关于沙四段原油的油源问题还存在着不同的认识。通过对研究区部分原油、含油砂岩和烃源岩样品抽提物中饱和烃和芳香烃化合物的地球化学特征的对比分析,讨论了沙三段、沙四段烃源岩对沙四段油层的油源贡献问题。结果表明,渤南洼陷深层沙四段原油可划分为3种类型,第一类原油与第二类原油在地球化学
特征上存在比较明显的差别,其中第一类原油来源于沙四段膏盐层段的暗色泥岩夹层,第二类原油来源于沙四段盐层下部或沙三段的暗色泥岩,第三类原油的地球化学特征介于上述二者之间,推测为沙三段与沙四段烃源岩的混合来源。3类原油在空间上也有一定的分布规律。 相似文献
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沉积有机质激光热裂解色谱质谱探针分析技术的尝试及其前景探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
激光热裂解－色谱－质谱分析方法具有从技术层面上融合分子地球化学方法和有机岩石学方法的潜能。通过抚顺煤镜质组分和树脂体的研究实例，介绍了激光热裂解－色谱－质谱探针分析的基本原理及测试方法。抚顺煤显微组分的微区热裂解产物特征中，镜质组和树脂体热解产物的正烷烃、烷基萘和四氢化萘的总体面貌相似，但树脂体中正烷烃含量较低，而烷基四氢化萘明显较高，这可能反映显微组分形成过程中发生过低分子烃类在各显微组分之间的混合作用。除此之外，还把激光热裂解－色谱－质谱探针技术与传统的分子地球化学方法、有机岩石学方法进行比较。探讨了激光热裂解－色谱－质谱探针技术的应用前景以及尚待解决的技术问题。落射到样品表面的激光束能量（温度）和控制和激光辐射时间的，激光束斑大小、热解产物量、色谱－质谱检验灵敏度极限三者关系等，都是限制新技术应用的技术问题。 相似文献
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埋藏在地下深处的油气组份，通过断层、裂隙、可渗透地层以及地下水等多种途径向上运移至地表附近时，改变了原始地表土壤的地球化学场，在土壤中形成可辨异常。油气化探就是运用土壤烃、土壤蚀变碳酸盐（△Ｃ），土壤汞、甲烷及△Ｃ碳同位素等从土壤、岩芯、水体中检测油气运移的迹象，在地表发现异常，进而研究评价这种地球化学异常和油气的微渗漏及油气圈闭类型等关系，为寻找埋藏在地下深部的油气藏提供信息。 相似文献
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Natural bitumen is the evolutionary residue of hydrocarbon of sedimentary organic matter. Several kinds of bitumen with different occurrences, including bitumen in source rock, migration bitumen filled in fault, oil-bed bitumen and paleo-reservoir bitumen, are distributed widely in the Dabashan foreland. These kinds of bitumen represent the process of oil/gas formation, migration and accumulation in the region. Bitumen in source rock filled in fractures and stylolite and experienced deformation simultaneously together with source rock themselves. It indicated that oil/gas generation and expelling from source rock occurred under normal buried thermal conditions during prototype basin evolution stages prior to orogeny. Occurrences of bitumen in source rock indicated that paleo-reservoir formation conditions existed in the Dabashan foreland. Migration bitumen being widespread in the fault revealed that the fault was the main channel for oil/gas migration, which occurred synchronously with Jurassic foreland deformation. Oil-bed bitumen was the kind of pyrolysis bitumen that distributed in solution pores of reservoir rock in the Dabashan foreland depression, the northeastern Sichuan Basin. Geochemistry of oil-bed bitumen indicated that natural gas that accumulated in the Dabashan foreland depression formed from liquid hydrocarbon by pyrolysis process. However, paleo-reservior bitumen in the Dabashan forleland was the kind of degradation bitumen that formed from liquid hydrocarbon within the paleo-reservior by oxidation, alteration and other secondary changes due to paleo-reservior damage during tectonics in the Dabashan foreland. In combination with the tectonic evolution of the Dabashan foreland, it is proposed that the oil/gas generated, migrated and accumulated to form the paleo-reservoir during the Triassic Indosinian tectonic movement. Jurassic collision orogeny, the Yanshan tectonic movement, led to intracontinental orogeny of the Dabashan area accompanied by geofluid expelling and paleo-reservoir damage in the Dabashan foreland. The present work proposed that there is liquid hydrocarbon exploration potential in the Dabashan foreland, while there are prospects for the existence of natural gas in the Dabashan foreland depression. 相似文献
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国内外研究表明钻井岩心和海底沉积物样品中单环芳烃(BTEX)指标异常与油气藏直接相关并具有高分辨、高精度特征,是有价值的油气地球化学勘探指标;但由于较深沉积物样品的采集与检测技术成本较高,限制了BTEX指标在海域油气化探工作中的推广应用。本文利用渤海北部辽东湾海域浅海的表层沉积物,通过热解析与气相色谱技术方法对其苯系物含量的特征开展研究。数据分析结果表明,在油气藏和生油凹陷上方的苯系物含量总体高于凹陷外样品,尤其是对二甲苯和间二甲苯均表现出明显差异,表明表层沉积物中的苯系物含量对生烃凹陷具有一定的指示作用。本文证实了利用表层沉积物中BTEX含量预测含油气前景区的有效性,热解析气相色谱检测苯系物含量方便快捷,减小了采样成本和分析成本,显示该技术方法在海域油气化探领域具有良好的应用前景。通过对苯系物含量异常点的分析表明,在沿岸及张性断裂上方BTEX含量出现异常高值,显示人类活动以及断裂构造对表层沉积物中的苯系物含量有明显影响,因此实际工作中应结合地质特征和其他化探指标综合分析,以降低单一化探指标的多解性。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界长3油层油气分布特征及油藏类型分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
本文以张家河油田为研究对象,通过含油气层段小层的精细划分对比、油气水层综合解释,统计编图及试采成果分析等,完成了控油因素和油藏类型分析。 相似文献
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Eric Lehne Volker Dieckmann Rolando di Primio Andreas Fuhrmann Brian Horsfield 《Organic Geochemistry》2009,40(5):604-616
Asphaltenes extracted from crude oils are proposed to possess structural features of the related source rock kerogen. For the present study micro-scale sealed vessel pyrolysis (MSSV) and combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC–C–IRMS) were used to compare gas generation from a whole rock (type II-S kerogen) from southern Italy with that from related sulfur rich asphaltenes isolated from a low maturity heavy crude oil. The purpose of was to determine whether experimental pyrolysis of oil asphaltenes can be used to predict the timing and the chemical and isotopic composition of hydrocarbon gases generated from genetically related kerogen in the source rock during burial maturation. The results show that parameters such as (gas to oil ratio) GOR and oil and gas formation timing are very similar for these two sample types, whereas gas composition, product aromaticity and sulfur content are remarkably different. Slight differences in GOR are mainly due to differences in gas formation characteristics at very high levels of thermal alteration. Secondary gas formation from the whole rock covers a much broader temperature range under geological conditions than that from the asphaltene products. However, it is remarkable that both the onset and the maximum temperature are nearly identical under geological conditions. The observed differences in gas generation characteristics are supported by discrepancies in the carbon isotopic characteristics of the gas range compounds and indicate different precursors and/or mechanisms for gas generated from whole rock and asphaltenes. 相似文献
16.
Control Factors and Diversities of Phase State of Oil and Gas Pools in the Kuqa Petroleum System 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Based on the analysis of the hydrocarbon geochemical characteristics in the Kuqa petroleum system of the Tarim Basin, this study discusses the causes and controlling factors of the phase diversities and their differences in geochemical features. According to the characteristics and differences in oil and gas phase, the petroleum system can be divided into five categories: oil reservoir, wet gas reservoir, condensate gas-rich reservoir, condensate gas-poor reservoir and dry gas reservoir. The causes for the diversities in oil and gas phases include diversities of the sources of parent material, maturity of natural gas and the process of hydrocarbon accumulation of different hydrocarbon phases. On the whole, the Jurassic and Triassic terrestrial source rocks are the main sources for the hydrocarbon in the Kuqa Depression. The small differences in parent material may cause diversities in oil and gas amount, but the impact is small. The differences in oil and gas phase are mainly affected by maturity and the accumulation process, which closely relates with each other. Oil and gas at different thermal evolution stage can be captured in different accumulation process. 相似文献
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油气生成热模拟实验研究进展 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
作为研究油气地球化学的一种重要手段－－热模拟被愈来愈广泛地应用。介绍了不同时期油气生成模拟实验研究的状况，阐述了模拟实验已解决的和尚存在的问题，进而指出了其发展趋势和应开展的工作。 相似文献
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Nasar Khan Naveed Anjum Mansoor Ahmad Muhammad Awais Naqib Ullah 《Journal of Earth System Science》2018,127(7):98
Organic geochemical and palynofacies analyses were carried out on shale intervals of the Late Paleocene Patala Formation at Nammal Gorge Section, western Salt Range, Pakistan. The total organic carbon content and Rock-Eval pyrolysis results indicated that the formation is dominated by type II and type III kerogens. Rock-Eval \({T}_{\mathrm{max}}\) vs. hydrogen index (HI) and thermal alteration index indicated that the analysed shale intervals present in the formation are thermally mature. \(S_{1}\) and \(S_{2}\) yields showed poor source rock potential for the formation. Three palynofacies assemblages including palynofacies-1, palynofacies-2 and palynofacies-3 were identified, which are prone to dry gas, wet gas and oil generation, respectively. The palynofacies assessment revealed the presence of oil/gas and gas prone type II and type III kerogens in the formation and their deposition on proximal shelf with suboxic to anoxic conditions. The kerogen macerals are dominated by vitrinite and amorphinite with minor inertinite and liptinite. The kerogen macerals are of both marine and terrestrial origin, deposited on a shallow shelf. Overall, the dark black carbonaceous shales present within the formation act as a source rock for hydrocarbons with poor-to-moderate source rock quality, while the grey shales act as a poor source rock for hydrocarbon generation. 相似文献
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石油层上方重金属元素的射流晕分布及其地电化学研究方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
叙述了石油上方重金属元素的射流晕分布特点，形成机制，研究方法及其可能的应用，地球深部存在大量的气体，即地气，而且地球存在排气作用。在与石油层接触的地下水中，重金属(V,Ni,Cu,Pb,Zn等）离子的浓度比其它地方要高得我,铛气体以微气泡的形式向地球表面运动时，地下水中的重金属元素可以远距离运移到达地表，并在石油层边缘上方形成重金属元素的垂直分布现象，即射流晕，同时也把地球深部的信息带到地表。因此研究石油层上方重金属元素的射流晕的分布便可以得到许多与含油有关的信息，如今油气层的水平展布等。 相似文献