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1.
L. Ye. Smirnov O. I. Kudryavtseva S. G. Miroshnichenko V. A. Gulyashchev 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(1):35-41
Efforts to monitor and map the changing water level and shoreline of a large mountain lake in Central Asia with aerial photographs are described. The essence of the work involved the mapping of the shoreline and position of river deltas from air photos from various years during the period 1949-1980, at uniform scale and at a level of accuracy permitting the quantitative (cartometric) as well as qualitative assessment of change. The sequence of work in compilation of map-diagrams for different parts of the shoreline involved the preliminary referencing of photos to a map, photo interpretation and compilation of large-scale “graphic diagrams,” preparation of a cartographic base, reduction and placement of diagrams on the base, and transformation of the image as a whole. Results of analysis of these map-diagrams are summarized. Translated from: Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, ser. 7: geologiya, geografiya, 1986, No. 2, pp. 44-48. 相似文献
2.
The authors describe the results of their experience in the use of remote sensing imagery to map the distribution of soils within the major natural zones (e.g., wooded steppe, taiga, semidesert) of the USSR. Considerable attention is devoted to instrumental-visual methods of interpretation before the focus shifts to automated interpretation and methods of map compilation, particularly general mapping at intermediate and large scales. One section assesses the relative sizes of mesorelief forms and fields in various natural zones in an effort to determine at what image scales the soil types indicated by these features will be identifiable. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: G. V. Dobrovol'skiy and V. L. Andronikov, eds., Aerokosmicheskiye metody v pochvovedenii i ikh ispol'zovaniye v sel'skom khozyaystve: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Remote Sensing Methods in Soil Science and Their Utilization in Agriculture: A Collection of Scientific Works]. Moscow: Nauka, 1990, pp. 22-34. 相似文献
3.
K. S. Lazarevich 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(2):163-171
In a critique of maps used for geomorphological research (too cluttered to be read effectively, too general in respect to contour positioning), the author describes: (a) a methodology whereby conventional hypsometric maps can be corrected through the use of air photos, (b) outlines principles for symbol generalization and selection whereby the amount of geomorphological information perceived on hypsometric maps is increased, and (c) recommends the joint use of hypsometric, topographic photo-, and general geomorphological maps as the most effective means of terrain analysis. Translated by Larry Richardson, Glendale, CA 91202 from: Geomorfologiya, 1991, No. 2, pp. 38–45. 相似文献
4.
A report on the use of air photos to monitor rangeland conditions in mountainous areas of Azerbaijan demonstrates the variety of their applications in the inventory and classification of mountain pastures, evaluation of their condition, and the assessment of prospects for expanding the livestock industry. Specific procedures are outlined for ascertaining the carrying capacity of alpine and subalpine pastures, as well as for monitoring changes in their conditions. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1988, No. 3, pp. 131-134. 相似文献
5.
Plague is a zoonotic infectious disease present in great gerbil populations in Kazakhstan. Infectious disease dynamics are influenced by the spatial distribution of the carriers (hosts) of the disease. The great gerbil, the main host in our study area, lives in burrows, which can be recognized on high resolution satellite imagery. In this study, using earth observation data at various spatial scales, we map the spatial distribution of burrows in a semi-desert landscape.The study area consists of various landscape types. To evaluate whether identification of burrows by classification is possible in these landscape types, the study area was subdivided into eight landscape units, on the basis of Landsat 7 ETM+ derived Tasselled Cap Greenness and Brightness, and SRTM derived standard deviation in elevation.In the field, 904 burrows were mapped. Using two segmented 2.5 m resolution SPOT-5 XS satellite scenes, reference object sets were created. Random Forests were built for both SPOT scenes and used to classify the images. Additionally, a stratified classification was carried out, by building separate Random Forests per landscape unit.Burrows were successfully classified in all landscape units. In the ‘steppe on floodplain’ areas, classification worked best: producer's and user's accuracy in those areas reached 88% and 100%, respectively. In the ‘floodplain’ areas with a more heterogeneous vegetation cover, classification worked least well; there, accuracies were 86 and 58% respectively. Stratified classification improved the results in all landscape units where comparison was possible (four), increasing kappa coefficients by 13, 10, 9 and 1%, respectively.In this study, an innovative stratification method using high- and medium resolution imagery was applied in order to map host distribution on a large spatial scale. The burrow maps we developed will help to detect changes in the distribution of great gerbil populations and, moreover, serve as a unique empirical data set which can be used as input for epidemiological plague models. This is an important step in understanding the dynamics of plague. 相似文献
6.
A program for monitoring changes in the shoreline zone caused by the creation of manmade reservoirs in the western USSR is described. More specifically, multilevel remote sensing imagery, ranging from 1:1,000,000-scale Landsat imagery to large-scale air photos, is employed in the study of shifts in shoreline positions, elevation of the water table, and changes in vegetation associations and soil types resulting from waterlogging produced by the filling of reservoirs. A map depicting changes in these characteristics both before and ten years after the filling of a reservoir is included. Translated from: Izvestiya Vsesoyuznogo Geograficheskogo Obshchestva, 1987, No. 4, pp. 351-356. 相似文献
7.
V. I. Sukhikh 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):302-309
This paper provides a broad overview of current Soviet applications of remote sensing in the performance of forest inventories and related valuational studies, and in the production of derivative thematic maps—in particular, the photostatistical method of forest inventory based on interactive computer-assisted interpretation of satellite imagery and large-scale air photos. The ultimate future objective is the formation of a unified remote sensing-geographic information system for forest management and inventory purposes that will encompass the entire forested area of the country. Advances in the use of satellite imagery in the monitoring of forest fires, insect infestations, and rangeland deterioration have also been made since the late 1970s. Translated from: Geodeziya i kartografiya, 1986, No. 4, pp. 30–36. 相似文献
8.
The authors describe how remote sensing imagery can be employed in the identification of different types of chernozem soils in a predominantly agricultural zone (forest steppe), where natural vegetation (normally one of the best vegetation indicators) has been largely displaced by farm fields. A multi-stage methodology is outlined whereby small-scale imagery is used to delineate large regions of similar bioclimatic-geologic characteristics, from which areas of similar soil formation conditions are distinguished. Multispectral and multitemporal space imagery then is employed to detect less salient ecological-soil differences that can affect phototone and image texture. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: G. V. Dobrovol'skiy and V. L. Andronikov, eds., Aerokosmicheskiye metody v pochvovedenii i ikh ispol'zovaniye v sel'skom khozyaystve: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Remote Sensing Methods in Soil Science and Their Utilization in Agriculture: A Collection of Scientific Works]. Moscow: Nauka, 1990, pp 103–109. 相似文献
9.
Aerial photographic surveys of the White Sea have proven to be an effective means for studying the character of bottom relief and bottom sediments in shallow areas along its coast, particularly when film sensitive to visible radiation in the yellow-green range of the spectrum is used. More specifically, the article discusses methods of aerial photographic surveying, keys for the interpretation of different types of bottom sediments, methods of mapping underwater vegetation from air photos, and the potential of radar imagery for the indirect interpretation of bottom features. Sample interpretation maps from the White Sea are included. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from Izvestiya Vsesoyuznogo Geograficheskogo Obshchestva, 1988, No. 4, pp. 314-321. 相似文献
10.
A. M. Berlyant 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(3):175-188
The history of the joint use of maps and air photos/space imagery in geographic problem solving is examined, as are general problems which must be addressed before more complete consolidation of map use and image interpretation methods will be possible. The relatively new field of geoiconics, encompassing image theory, processing, and interpretation, is proposed as a branch of knowledge promoting the integration of cartography and remote sensing rather than a megafield that will ultimately replace them. Translated from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1985, No. 4, pp. 11-22. 相似文献
11.
A. M. Veshtort S. I. Kashkevich S. B. Kostyukevich V. V. Krasnoproshin S. G. Sinyakovich 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):284-290
The design and functioning of a geographic information system established for the purpose of objectively delineating the boundaries of major physical geographic regions in the USSR is described. The basic components include an information input block for data collection and preliminary image processing; a recognition block for feature classification and analysis; a data base management system providing for repeated revision, addition, and use of spectral information; and a block for displaying results of processing in various forms. Applications of the system are demonstrated in the mapping of physical regions in a steppe and semi-desert area of the southern USSR. Translated from: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, seriya geograficheskaya, 1988, No. 2, pp. 89-94. 相似文献
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13.
本文介绍了应用彩红外航片对城市居民生活条件进行调查和分析,其基本方法是:首先通过直接和间接判读标志,对居民物质生活条件和精神生活条件进行解译,然后从方便度和舒适度两项评价指标入手,选取八项评价因子,进行定量的综合评价和空间分析,最后提出改善实验区居民生活条件的建议。 相似文献
14.
M. N. Tandon 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1983,11(2):53-58
A study was undertaken to find out the possibility of using the available aerial photos on scale 1 : 50 000 for selection of areas suitable for industrial plantation. Micro relief or terrain & vegetation density classes were interpreted on air photos and a PI map was prepared. The PI map was then overlaid on land facet & soil facet maps and the result shows that PI map is a useful tool for planning of raw material supply to the forest based industry. The growth data is to be obtained from field sample plots laid out in each stratum. 相似文献
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16.
单片定位的精度一致性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在单张航片定位(数字纠正)中,由于受多种因素的影响,会造成不同像片之间或同一片上不同图斑点的定位精度不一致。本文对影响单片定位精度的诸因素进行分析,最终明确单片数字纠正中的正确方法。 相似文献
17.
Abstract19. Formulae.—In Nos. 6, vol. i, and 9, vol. ii, pp. 259 and 156, there has been described a new method for dealing with long geodesics on the earth's surface. There the so-called “inverse” problem has claimed first attention: given the latitudes and longitudes of the extremities of a geodesic, to find its length and terminal azimuths. It remains to discuss the “direct” problem : a geodesic of given length starts on a given azimuth from a station of known latitude and longitude; to find the latitude and longitude of its extremity and the azimuth thereat. The solution of this direct problem demands a certain recasting of the formulae previously given. In order of working the several expressions now assume the forms below. 相似文献
18.
本文介绍了国内外超小比例尺彩红外高空摄影像片应用现状,并对它的光谱分辨率、空间分辨率、综合分辨率、专题表达能力、成本等进行了较深入的分析,以探讨其应用于环境与资源调查的技术经济性能。研究表明,超小比例尺彩红外高空摄影像片的应用有着广阔的前景。 相似文献
19.
川藏公路中段地质灾害现象的航空遥感研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
川藏公路巴塘至林芝段位于我国青藏高原东南部,该地区是现今地壳运动十分强烈的地区之一,地形起伏强烈,气候变化多样,因此地质灾害十分发育,川藏公路就穿过这样一个复杂的地区。为查明公路沿线的地质灾害分布情况,90年代初,地矿部航空物探遥感中心沿川藏公路进行了彩色红外航空摄影,比例尺为1∶6万。通过彩色红外航片的解译及野外实地观测,圈定出滑坡、泥石流及崩塌等灾害现象,并对这些灾害的强度、活动性及其对公路的影响进行分析,最后对灾害成因及治理方法提出了建议。 相似文献
20.
《测量评论》2013,45(30):480-481
AbstractThe condition which must be satisfied for conformal projection from the spheroid to the plane is that <mml:math display='block'><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>y</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mi>f</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>ω</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mo>…</mml:mo><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mo>…</mml:mo><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mtext>1</mml:mtext><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math> where x and y are the map coordinates; f is any function; ω the longitude; Ψ a variable which is a function of the latitude only; and i = √(?-1). 相似文献