共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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L. N. Vasil'yev 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(1):22-29
The paper surveys the development of “space geography”–a field of knowledge applying the methods of remote sensing, the physical sciences, and mathematics in the solution of geographic problems. Early advances featured methodological improvements (use of quantitative methods in image processing), whereas future research must focus upon perfecting our knowledge of: (a) relationships underlying the use of these methods, i.e., between environmental parameters and reflectance values, (b) methods of effectively combining different types of imagery, and image products and field work, in research, and (c) appropriate quantitative indices for feature recognition. Examples of the operationalization of such concerns are demonstrated for land-use and soil mapping projects. Translated from: Izvestiya, AN SSSR, seriya geograficheskaya, 1985, No. 5, pp. 110–116. 相似文献
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A. S. Alekseyev S. T. Vas'kov V. N. Dement'yev B. K. Kozhevnikov E. G. Mikhal'tsov V. P. Pyatkin 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):307-310
The authors describe the structure and operations of a special Center for Geographic Information [digital image] Processing, now being established in support of the “Sibir” “program—a comprehensive research project on applications of remote sensing in Siberian resource development undertaken by the Siberian section of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Translations of related papers on technical aspects of image processing, also products of the program's research, will appear in subsequent installments of Mapping Sciences and Remote Sensing. Translated from: Metody kompleksnykh aerokosmicheskikh issledovaniy Sibiri, edited by L. K. Zyat'kova. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1985, pp. 57-60. 相似文献
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A paper describing activities of the Laboratory of Remote Sensing Methods at Moscow University presents a chronology of the Laboratory's efforts to improve sensor capabilities for acquiring remote sensing data and to develop more effective image processing techniques. Among the accomplishments cited are early advances in sensor system design and photochemical processing in conjunction with “Salyut” orbital station activities, multispectral imaging experiments in conjunction with high-resolution space photography from the Soyuz-12 (1973) and Soyuz-22 (1976) missions, testing of the first high-resolution Soviet (“Fragment”) scanner imagery (1984), and ongoing work in digital and applied image processing. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovsskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1987, No. 2, pp. 27-31. 相似文献
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I. K. Lur'ye 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(3):255-261
Algorithms, designed for digital image processing in standard mainframe computers and representing sequential stages in a land-use classification procedure, are used to produce maps of agricultural crop types from multispectral satellite imagery. Pixel reflectance values are first grouped according to an unsupervised “rapid classification algorithm,” or data compression procedure. Mean reflectance values of the resulting classes then go into a supervised “sequential clustering algorithm” where classes are refined according to training value and other parameter inputs. The objective is to increase the accessibility of automated image interpretation while balancing classification accuracy and processing time. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1984, No. 4, pp. 63-69. 相似文献
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A. G. Repin 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):342-351
The article provides insights derived from conceptualization of the totality of elements (subsystems) of image interpretation as part of a larger system of scientific research. Among the elements discussed in some detail in terms of their impacts on the appearance of features interpreted on remote sensing imagery include solar radiation, the atmosphere, distinctive characteristics of the surface of the area being imaged, the remote sensors employed for image recording, processing techniques, the image medium, and the “human” element (interpreter). It then describes an evolutionary process in image interpretation by which knowledge gained in early stages represents an input leading to refinement of approaches employed in later stages. A final section describes factors contributing to dynamics (“scintillation” or “flickering”) of features on imagery of the same area but recorded at different times or under different imaging conditions. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, seriya geograficheskaya, 1993, No. 3, pp. 102-109. 相似文献
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General principles are outlined for the use of a series of remote sensing images (obtained for the same area of the earth's surface for different points in time) in the detection of significant changes in land use and environmental conditions. Emphasis is placed on visual methods of interpretation, and a number of different methods for graphically analyzing the dynamics of earth surface features on photographic image products are described. A final section describes procedures for cartographically representing the dynamics of features interpreted from multitemporal images. Translated by Jay Mitchell; PlanEcon, Inc.; Washington, DC 20005 from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1987, No. 6, pp. 57-60. 相似文献
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B. B. Serapinas 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):247-255
The author outlines a method for quantitative analysis of the completeness of information presented on maps of varying scale, i.e., for determining, upon reductions in scale of an original map A, what magnitudes of loss in graphic detail will result in derivative maps B, C, D that are of equal relative completeness to the original. Empirical formulae are derived which describe intensities of selection typical of maps devoted to particular topics (stream networks, urban socioeconomic indices, etc.) and graphic methods are described which can be used to determine scale denominators at which specific reductions in the number of features can occur without losses in “completeness” or, conversely, the number of particular kinds of features that can be eliminated on maps (or portions of maps) upon reductions in scale without losses in completeness. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1985, No. 5, pp. 17–23. 相似文献
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确定图像类别数是图像分割中的重要任务,在大多数分割算法中需由用户预先指定类别数。受地物目标及其分布的多样性、复杂性和未知性等因素的限制、对彩色遥感图像而言,人为确定其类别数非常困难。为此,提出了一种基于区域和统计的可变类分割方法,融合规则划分技术和R.JMCMC算法,利用规则划分将图像域划分成若干个规则子块,并假设每个规则子块内的像素服从同一独立的多值Gaussian分布;在此基础上南贝叶斯定理构建图像分割模型;利用ReversibleJump Markov Chain Monte Carlo(RJMCMC)算法模拟该模型,实现罔像类别数的自动确定及图像粗分割;为了进一步提高图像分割精度,设计精细化操作,对Worldview-2合成及彩色遥感图像和多光谱IKONOS图像进行可变类分割,实验结果表明,提出方法不仅能自动确定图像类别数,还可以较好地实现区域分割。本文方法较好地实现彩色遥感图像的可变类分割。 相似文献
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A review of Soviet research describes methods of combining remote sensing and geodetic data in cartometric data bases—for the purposes of compiling more detailed and accurate “three-dimensional” terrain maps. The major objective is to provide, by means of photogrammetric techniques employing stereopairs or series of overlapping images, elevational data on selective key geomorphological points (along structure lines, summits of ridges, valley bottoms, etc.) which can be used to supplement (or replace) data obtained for the control points of a rectangular grid. Creation of digital models from these “geomorphological” points provides more accurate three-dimensional terrain maps. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1986, No. 6, pp. 56-64. 相似文献
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An empirical study was performed assessing the accuracy of land use change detection when using satellite image data acquired ten years apart by sensors with differing spatial resolutions. Landsat/Multi‐spectral Scanner (MSS) with Landsat/Thematic Mapper (TM) or SPOT/High Resolution Visible (HRV) multi‐spectral (XS) data were used as a multi‐data pair for detecting land use change. The primary objectives of the study were to: (1) compare standard change detection methods (e.g. multi‐date ratioing and principal components analysis) applied to image data of varying spatial resolution; (2) assess whether to transform the raster grid of the higher resolution image data to that of the lower resolution raster grid or vice‐versa in the registration process: and (3) determine if Landsat/TM or SPOT/ HRV(XS) data provides more accurate detection of land use changes when registered to historical Landsat/MSS data. Ratioing multi‐sensor, multi‐date satellite image data produced higher change detection accuracies than did principal components analysis and is useful as a land use change enhancement technique. Ratioing red and near infrared bands of a Landsat/MSS‐SPOT/HRV(XS) multi‐date pair produced substantially higher change detection accuracies (～10%) than ratioing similar bands of a Landsat/MSS ‐ Landsat/TM multi‐data pair. Using a higher‐resolution raster grid of 20 meters when registering Landsat/MSS and SPOTZHRV(XS) images produced a slightly higher change detection accuracy than when both images were registered to an 80 meter raster grid. Applying a “majority”; moving window filter whose size approximated a minimum mapping unit of 1 hectare increased change detection accuracies by 1–3% and reduced commission errors by 10–25%. 相似文献
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A. I. Sharov 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(3):210-213
The author, noting the high cost and complexity of automated methods of processing imagery of the earth's cloud cover, presents a less sophisticated, instrument-aided method yielding similar results. A procedure for analyzing cloud cover patterns based on color synthesis of two-band scanner imagery from Soviet “Meteor” and American NOAA-series weather satellites using a synthesizing projector is outlined. This method adds the interpretation key of color to those of cloud structure and form in the analysis of cloud patterns, enhances cloud-underlying surface contrasts, and compares favorably with more highly automated methods in image preparation and interpretation time. Translated by Jay Mitchell; PlanEcon, Inc.; Washington, DC 20005 from: Izvestiya vysshykh uchebnykh zavedeniy, Geodeziya i aerofotos'yemka, 1987, No. 5, pp. 95-98. 相似文献
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Yu. V. Trifonov 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):283-296
This first installment in a series of papers extracted from a Soviet “manual” of remote sensing describes the design, operation, and payloads of the “Meteor” and “Meteor-Priroda” earth observation satellites-the latter as name given to “Meteor” satellites used for economic land-use studies, instead of their original meteorological applications. Issues such as orbit parameters, spatial resolution, scan width, and telemetry are also addressed. Translated from: Priroda Zemli iz kosmosa, A.P. Tishchenko and S.V. Viktorov, eds. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1984, pp. 16-24. 相似文献
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B. A. Gorbunov 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(1):30-35
The mathematical basis for a feature classification algorithm is described which combines elements of game theory with Bayesian and suboptimal [feature classification] decision rules. Comparison of reflectance values with training area parameters, according to a sequence of diminishing a priori probabilities that the values will be assigned to that particular class results in reductions in computer time during classification. Results of the procedure are demonstrated through a pair of “before” and “after” images. Translated from: Metody kompleksnykh aerokosmicheskikh issledovaniy Sibiri, L. K. Zyat'kova, ed. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1985, pp. 75–79. 相似文献
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Diego González-Aguilera Pablo Rodríguez-Gonzálvez Javier Gómez-Lahoz 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2009,64(3):308-316
Driven by progress in sensor technology, algorithms and data processing capabilities, close range photogrammetry has found a wide range of new application fields over the past two decades. Particularly, the emergence of terrestrial laser scanner has contributed to the close range photogrammetry “popularization” through many promising new applications. Nevertheless, a central issue in many of these developments is the integration of sensor technology with reliable data processing schemes to generate highly automated photogrammetric measurements systems.This paper presents a flexible approach for the automatic co-registration of terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) and amateur digital cameras (DC) to be used effectively in practice. Particularly, the developed approach deals with two different images: a camera image acquired with a DC and a range image obtained with a TLS. To this end, an open-source tool “USAlign” has been developed for testing the different experiments. 相似文献
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Yu. F. Knizhnikov 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(2):85-92
This paper examines the use of remote sensing imagery in the study of temporal environmental change, the author outlining the principles and methods of what is proposed here as a distinct subfield of “dynamic remote sensing.” Particular emphasis is placed on the use of “multitemporal” space imagery, either actual temporal composites or a series of individual heterochronous images arranged side-by-side to facilitate comparison, in the study of meteorology, oceanography, geomorphology, and hydrology. Applications of dynamic remote sensing are less widespread in socioeconomic disciplines. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1985, No. 4, pp. 7-13. 相似文献
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A. K. Suvorov 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):301-306
A survey of the use of topologic concepts of space in map transofrmation supports the author's contention that so-called “transformed images” represent for the most part rather arbitrary distortions of conventional maps constructed in Euclidean space. This paper demonstrates how truly topologic images can be created “from scratch,” i.e., without manipulation of either the sizes or shapes of areal units on preexisting maps. Images created by quantitatively defining “graphic ratios” of areal units can thus be replicated by other cartographers with a minimum of subjectivity. Translated from: Geodeziya i kartografiya, 1984, No. 12, pp. 28-31. 相似文献
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A paper devoted to the transformation of cartographic images based on nontraditional systems of scaling (travel time, transport effort, cost, etc.) describes the results of work to develop a more effective algorithm for such transformations, i.e., one which the authors claim provides for the more accurate determination of “transformed” line lengths than possible with earlier methods. Translated from: Izvestiya AN SSSR, seriya geograficheskaya, 1987, No. 4, pp. 105-111. 相似文献
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The authors attempt to identify and standardize the cartographic symbols (“images”) used to represent a variety of specific geomorphological features. A large number of cartographic representations of landform features found on geological-geomorphological maps are classified in terms of their basic pattern/configuration and the level of complexity within each major pattern type. It is argued that the pattern or configuration of a cartographic symbol used to represent a geomorphological feature should represent the spatial structure of that feature with sufficient reliability to serve as a key to an understanding of its genesis. Translated from: Geomorfologiya, 1987, No. 2, pp. 62-66. 相似文献