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1.
内蒙古贺兰山地区古元古代晚期的花岗岩浆事件及其地质意义: 同位素年代学的证据 总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4
位于华北克拉通西缘的贺兰山杂岩主要由孔兹岩系和变形花岗岩(正片麻岩)所组成,前者主要由夕线石榴片麻岩、石榴二长片麻岩、变粒岩和少量的大理岩及麻粒岩所组成,后者主要包括黑云斜长片麻岩、石榴子石花岗岩、斑状花岗岩和片麻状变质闪长岩.本文报道了该区变形花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果.黑云二长片麻岩和石榴子石花岗岩分别形成于2053±58Ma和2047±42Ma,斑状花岗岩和片麻状闪长岩分别在1955Ma和1920Ma侵位.大量的年代学资料表明,在华北克拉通北缘存在一条古元古代晚期的花岗杂岩带,该带中的花岗杂岩主要形成于三个阶段,第一阶段大于2.0Ga,第二阶段主要出现在2.0～1.87Ga期间,第三阶段的花岗杂岩在1.85～1.80Ga期间侵位.年代学研究还表明,古元古代晚期的花岗岩浆作用常常与变质事件紧密相关. 相似文献
2.
近年来的研究表明，华北克拉通由东部地块和西部地块于1．85Ga沿中部带碰撞形成，且碰撞前东部地块的西缘为活动陆缘，研究程度高。相比之下，东部地块的东缘大面积分布的古元古代胶辽吉造山带研究薄弱。根据新近多学科研究成果，综合揭示出胶辽吉造山带古元古代的构造—热演化和深都地质作用过程如下：早期底侵可能与深都地幔柱相关，发生于2．53～2．36Ga之间，导致2．47～2．33Ga岩墙事件、胶辽吉裂谷带的形成和双峰式火山活动。该幕底侵不仅导致地壳上都沉积格架的不同，也导致地壳内初始热结构的分异，从而决定不同空间上变质作用类型和PTt轨迹的差异。晚期底侵导致地壳下部于2．17Ga左右产生A型辽吉花岗岩、2．2Ga与2．0Ga的伟晶岩事件和顺层伸展变形。其主要的造山运动发生在1．911～1．883Ga之间，裂谷封闭、收缩变形，在该造山带南部出现高压变质。之后，1．875～1．66Ga之间，出现小断块的拆沉、环斑花岗岩、钾长花岗岩和正长岩的非造山岩浆事件、伟晶岩脉和基性岩墙群事件和榆树砬子群沉积。东都地块南缘大别—苏鲁一带1．7～1．6Ga期间应是一个重要的古元古代强烈活动陆缘带。中元古代1．6Ga以后大别—苏鲁一带经历了一系列再造事件而与东都地块主体形成显著差异。总之，胶辽吉造山带的底侵样式、碰撞过程、拆沉方式都直接制约着浅部地壳的构造—热演化特征。 相似文献
3.
华北克拉通古元古代地层划分与对比 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
华北克拉通古元古代地层分布广泛,主要集中于胶辽吉带、中部带和西部孔兹岩带三个带状区域。近年来华北克拉通古元古代地层研究取得了很大的进展,根据作者的研究和前人的大量工作,本文对华北克拉通主要的古元古代地层的组成、时代、形成的构造背景等进行了总结。发现华北克拉通古元古代底部2.47～2.35Ga间的地层普遍缺失,反映了华北克拉通地质演化历史上的一个静寂时期。～2.3Ga在华北克拉通中条山及鲁山等地发育了少量的冷口变质火山岩以及上太华岩群变质地层。大量的年代学资料表明华北克拉通以往认为时代大致始于2.5Ga的滹沱群、甘陶河群、辽河岩群、绛县群、中条群等众多地层实际年龄多集中在2.2～1.9Ga之间,而且大多数地区所划分的不同的古元古代地层在时间上是并置或叠合的,没有新老或上下关系,仅在中条山地区和五台地区的古元古代地层具有从老到新连续演化的特征。目前,古元古代早期2.4～2.3Ga的地层研究程度还不高,形成的构造背景存在岛弧和裂谷两种不同的认识,我们倾向于活动大陆边缘环境,推测在鲁山-华山-中条山-吕梁山一带存在古元古代早期的岛弧与活动大陆边缘的相互作用。2.2～1.9Ga这一阶段的地层除孔兹岩系外,通常为变质火山-沉积岩系,且火山岩基本都具有双峰式火山岩特征,表明它们应该形成于伸展环境,但对伸展的机制还存在裂谷与弧后盆地的争议,根据作者等的工作本文倾向于它们形成于陆内裂谷环境,反映了华北克拉通可能从2.2Ga开始经历了强烈的伸展活动,最终导致了原有基底的裂解。 相似文献
4.
内蒙凉城2.0Ga变质花岗岩对超高温变质作用的制约 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
内蒙凉城位于华北克拉通北缘中段,孔兹岩带的东端.本区孔兹岩系内存在着大量的古元古代变质花岗岩,彼此呈构造接触.根据野外地质特征、岩石学和矿物学特征,可将其分为三类:Ⅰ)二长花岗岩;Ⅱ)深熔花岗岩;Ⅲ)似斑状紫苏花岗岩.本文针对Ⅰ类花岗岩进行详细的锆石和岩石成因研究.结果显示该类岩体形成于大约2.0Ga左右,并记录了1.95～1.90Ga的变质作用年龄,对应的岩浆和变质锆石结晶温度(采用锆石Ti温度计)分别为856～964℃(平均912℃)和861～900℃(平均879℃),暗示该花岗岩体源区曾经历了高温熔融事件,同时也说明它们与围岩孔兹岩共同经历了古元古代的超高温变质作用.该类型岩体的岩石化学特征类似太古宙TTG或Adakite,而深熔花岗岩类(Ⅱ类)的地球化学特征则类似岛弧岩浆岩.这种差异说明凉城2.0Ga变质花岗岩的原岩非孔兹岩重融而成的S型花岗岩.锆石Lu-Hf和全岩Nd同位素组成则指示形成岩体的物质主要来自新太古代和古元古代下地壳的熔融. 相似文献
5.
吕梁运动(1.90~1.70 Ga)长久以来被认为是华北克拉通最终稳定固结的造山运动.事实上, 在古元古代末期华北克拉通以伸展-裂解构造为主, 表现为拗拉谷系发育、非造山岩浆活动(环斑花岗岩、斜长岩、辉长岩、花岗岩类及伟晶岩脉等)、大规模基性岩墙群侵位以及早期变质基底隆升或退变质构造热事件等.对已有的大量同位素年代学资料分析后证明, 这一时期的岩浆侵位与基底构造-热事件在时间上的分布具有多峰式特点, 克拉通基底隆升退变质事件滞后于岩浆侵位, 明显区别于造山带普遍记录的构造变形-变质-岩浆侵位的事件序列.古元古代末期构造格局的重新认识, 为我国克拉通在元古代超大陆中的再造模式提供了最基本的制约条件. 相似文献
6.
辽吉地区古元古代花岗岩成因及对构造演化的制约 总被引：10，自引：15，他引：10
条痕状角闪二长花岗岩和斑状花岗岩类是辽吉地区古元古代花岗岩的主要类型。这两类花岗岩在成因、构造环境上一直存在争议，这使得研究者对该区古元古代的构造演化不明确。本文着重研究了这两类花岗岩的地球化学特征条痕状二长花岗岩以角闪石、磁铁矿等暗色矿物组成的条痕状构造为野外主要识别特征，具有弱负铕异常(Eu／Eu=0．47～0．65)；tDM变化范围为2．40～2．82Ga；最新的测年资料表明它形成于2．175Ga左右。斑状花岗岩类以巨斑状和环斑状构造为主要识别特征，样品弱负铕异常(Eu／Eu=0．30～0．86)；tDM变化范围为2．42～2．57Ga；最新的测年资料表明它形成于1．875Ga左右。统计的N(tDM)-t图解分析表明，胶辽地块古元古代深部地质过程经历了两幕岩浆底板垫托作用，底侵时代的峰值分别为2．5～2．4Ga和2．2Ga左右。利用εNd(t)-t图解，结合Pearce构造图解综合分析，本文认为晚期底侵加热作用导致了以早期底侵体和太古代老地壳为主的物源的熔融，并在裂谷背景下侵位形成角闪二长花岗岩(A型花岗岩)，而斑状花岗岩类则是之后的造山运动进入后造山构造体制转换期时就位的。两幕底侵以及后期的造山运动构成了本地区在古元古代的主要构造演化过程。 相似文献
7.
华北克拉通五台地区2.2～2.1Ga花岗岩的成因与构造背景 总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0
华北克拉通中部造山带内古元古代中期(2.2~2.0Ga)岩浆活动较为广泛,对探讨华北古元古代地质演化过程具有十分重要的意义。本文选择了五台地区古元古代大洼梁、王家会和莲花山花岗岩进行了地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究。大洼梁似斑状花岗岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为2170±17Ma,王家会二长花岗质片麻岩LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄结果为2101±6Ma,3个莲花山花岗岩的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄结果分别为2117±6Ma、2110±4Ma和2143±15Ma。大洼梁花岗岩高SiO_2、富K_2O+Na_2O,低CaO,稀土元素含量较高(Eu除外),Zr、Nb、Ga和Y等高场强元素含量也较高,而Sr含量极低;同时Ga/Al比值和Zr+Nb+Y+Ce总量高,全岩Zr饱和温度高达876～968℃。该花岗岩体具有A型花岗岩的特征。王家会花岗岩和莲花山花岗岩样品也具有高硅、富碱和低镁钙特征,稀土元素具有弱到较强烈的分异,Eu负异常明显。3个花岗岩岩体微量元素都具有较高的Nb和Y值,因此具有后碰撞到板内花岗岩特征。所有花岗岩样品中锆石的εHf(t)值均远低于同期亏损地幔值,同时单阶段和两阶段模式年龄为2.4～2.6Ga和2.45～2.75Ga,明显大于花岗岩的成岩时代。这些花岗岩与五台地区新太古代晚期TTG质片麻岩具有相似的锆石Hf模式年龄。因此,结合岩石学、地球化学和同位素特征,本文倾向于认为古元古代花岗岩为新太古代TTG质片麻岩在伸展条件下部分熔融形成的。综合资料发现,华北克拉通中部带内2.2～2.0Ga岩浆事件不同地区表现有分带性。2.2～2.1Ga岩浆活动代表较早的阶段,其中部分花岗质岩石具有A型花岗岩特征,与同期的基性岩形成双峰式组合,推断其与华北克拉通古元古代中期陆内裂谷有关。 相似文献
8.
本文报道了辽东半岛古元古代胶—辽—吉活动带内辽河群变质火山岩和辽吉花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和地球化学数据。变质安山岩的锆石具典型的岩浆振荡环带结构和较高的Th/U值(0.5),锆石U-Pb年龄为(2 182±6)Ma和(2 229±22)Ma,该年龄可代表安山岩的形成年龄。辽吉花岗岩的锆石同样具有典型的岩浆振荡环带结构和较高的Th/U值(0.3),锆石U-Pb年龄为(2 199±10)Ma,代表花岗岩的侵位时代,在误差范围内与辽河群火山岩喷发时代一致,表明辽吉花岗岩并不是辽河群的基底,二者可能为同一次岩浆作用过程的产物。辽东半岛~2.2Ga岩浆事件的识别及性质,对于正确认识古元古代胶—辽—吉活动带的属性至关重要。结合前人有关辽东半岛前寒武纪岩石的研究成果,本文研究认为胶—辽—吉活动带的形成演化可能与弧-陆碰撞有关。 相似文献
9.
古华北地台早前寒武系(太古、早元古)基底出露面积广泛,或直接出露于地表,或其上覆有薄薄的新生代沉积物,其主要由太古代高级变质的变粒岩和花岗质杂岩体组成,其上零散分布有硅铝质盆地或轻度变质的变形带。根据最近对有关地质事件及同位素年龄测定的一系列研究发现,它们是四期地质事件的产物。第一期为早太古代,年龄0 3.5～3.0Ga或2.9～3.0Ga;第二期为晚太古代,发生于2.5～2.6Ga以前,即大体相当于太古—元古的界限年龄;第三期为早元代,年龄为2.5～2.6Ga到2.3～2.4或2.2～2.3Ga;第四期为早元古代晚期,年龄为1.8～1.9Ga。每一演化阶段都有自己特征的岩石类型、地质(大地构造、构造岩浆、成矿)环境、构造样式甚至矿产。第一阶段岩石以小规模残留体形式存在于大面积分布的晚太古变质地体之中,如冀东、辽东地区,在吉林、内蒙可能也有发育。主要岩石类型有麻粒岩、斜长角闪岩、黑 相似文献
10.
北阿尔金是塔里木克拉通变质基底的主要出露区之一。对该区具有侵入接触关系的正长花岗岩和花岗片麻岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年研究。正长花岗岩中的锆石多呈椭圆状,具有振荡环带结构,部分颗粒中可见老锆石残核,Th/U值较高,亏损轻稀土元素,富集重稀土元素,具有负Eu异常和正Ce异常的特点,表明该组锆石为岩浆成因。定年结果获得1903±13Ma和2506±55Ma两组年龄加权平均值,前者代表岩体的结晶年龄,后者为捕获锆石年龄,结合区域年代学资料,认为正长花岗岩岩浆侵入过程中可能捕获了太古宇米兰群的古老基底锆石。花岗片麻岩中16个测点的锆石~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb年龄集中于1802±28Ma,代表了岩体侵位时代,其余5个测点的锆石~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb年龄为1911~1951Ma,说明岩浆侵位过程中捕获了部分正长花岗岩的物质。区域地质与同位素年代学研究表明,北阿尔金地区广泛存在2.0~1.8Ga的构造-热事件。获得的花岗质岩石的1.9~1.8Ga的年龄结果,直接证实了北阿尔金存在约1.9Ga的岩浆作用,可能为古元古代Columbia超大陆汇聚事件在该地区的响应,为探讨塔里木板块前寒武纪构造-热事件演化历史提供了新资料。古元古代末期约1.8Ga的花岗片麻岩,代表了后造山伸展阶段的岩浆活动。 相似文献
11.
The Palaeoproterozoic Jiao‐Liao‐Ji Belt is located in the eastern margin of the Eastern Block of the North China Craton. In this paper, we synthesize the tectonothermal evolution and deep crustal processes in the Jiao‐Liao‐Ji Belt based on recent information. A mantle plume‐related underplating from 2.53 to 2.36 Ga is envisaged which led to the emplacement of the 2.47–2.33 Ga alkali granite plutons and mafic dyke swarms, followed by the development of the Jiao‐Liao‐Ji Rift and bi‐modal volcanism. The underplating resulted not only in different sedimentary environments in the upper crust, but also in a differentiation of the initial thermal structure in the rift. This controlled the metamorphism and style of P‐T‐t paths in the different parts of the rift. Subsequent underplating resulted in the emplacement of the A‐type Liaoji granites of ca. 2.17 Ga in the lower crust, and the formation of associated pegmatites of 2.2 and 2.0 Ga, together with the development of a bedding‐parallel extension. However, the main orogeny occurred between 1.93 and 1.88 Ga with closing of the rift, compressional deformation and high‐pressure granulite metamorphism in the southern part of the orogen. Subsequently, lithospheric blocks were possibly delaminated at ∼1.85 Ga; anorogenic magmatic rocks such as rapakivi granite, alkaline granites and syenite were intruded, and pegmatite veins and mafic dyke swarms were emplaced cross‐cutting all the earlier structural traces. We identify that the underplating styles, collision processes and delamination types in the deep lithosphere controlled the tectonothermal evolution of the crust in the Jiao‐Liao‐Ji region. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
The Proterozoic Pomovaara Granite Complex in northern Finland comprises three separate highly magnetic granite stocks. They are discordant, apparently unfoliated and according to isotope data, a significant Archaean component characterizes the source of these granites. The three stocks are aligned in an array parallel to major trans-crustal faults as interpreted from both aeromagnetic and gravity data. Their younger age of 1.8 Ga, compared to the main tectonic events at 1.9 Ga in northern Fennoscandia, indicates their post-collisional nature with respect to these events. The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) was studied together with magnetic, gravity and geological data in order to assess the emplacement mechanisms of the Pomovaara Granite Complex, and the possible tectonic control of fault systems on the ascent and emplacement of granitic magma. The orientation of magnetic fabrics within the granite stocks indicates that the direction of the original magma upwelling was from the SW, parallel to the major fault zones that controlled, at the crustal scale, the ascent of granite magmas. The predominant NW–SE orientations of the minimum magnetic axes of the magnetic ellipsoid and the elongate shapes of the stocks indicate compression normal to the deep fault trend during the crystallization of the granite magma. 相似文献
13.
Timescales and significance of high-pressure, high-temperature metamorphism and mafic dike anatexis, Snowbird tectonic zone, Canada 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
R. M. Flowers S. A. Bowring M. L. Williams 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2006,151(5):558-581
New geochronological, isotopic and geochemical data for a spectacular swarm of deep crustal migmatitic mafic dikes offer important insight into processes operative during 1.9 Ga high pressure, high temperature metamorphism along the Snowbird tectonic zone in northern Saskatchewan. High-precision U–Pb zircon dates reveal anatexis of Chipman mafic dikes at 1,896.2 ± 0.3 Ma during syntectonic and synmetamorphic intrusion at conditions of 1.0–1.2 GPa, >750°C. U–Pb zircon dates of 1,894–1,891 Ma for cross-cutting pegmatites place a lower bound on major metamorphism and deformation at the currently exposed crustal levels. The persistence of elevated temperatures for ~14 m.y. following peak conditions is implied by younger U–Pb titanite dates, and by Sm–Nd whole rock isotopic data that suggest the derivation of the pegmatites by melting of a mafic source. Limited melting of the host felsic gneiss at 1.9 Ga despite high temperature is consistent with evidence for their previous dehydration by granulite facies metamorphism in the Archean. Spatial heterogeneity in patterns of mafic dike and tonalitic gneiss anatexis can be attributed to lateral peak temperature and compositional variability. We correlate 1,896 Ma Chipman mafic dike emplacement and metamorphism with substantial 1.9 Ga mafic magmatism over a minimum along-strike extent of 1,200 km of the Snowbird tectonic zone. This suggests a significant, continent-wide period of asthenospheric upwelling that induced incipient continental rifting. Extension was subsequently terminated by hinterland contraction associated with Trans-Hudson accretion and orogenesis. Little activity in the lower crust for ca. 650 m.y. prior to Proterozoic metamorphism and mafic magmatism implies an extended interval of cratonic stability that was disrupted at 1.9 Ga. This episode of destabilization contrasts with the record of long-term stability in most preserved cratons, and is important for understanding the lithospheric characteristics and tectonic circumstances that control the destruction or survival of continents. 相似文献
14.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(5):1763-1787
The southern portion of the Sao Francisco Palaeocontinent in Brazil is denoted by Archean nuclei and Paleoproterozoic magmatic arcs that were amalgamated during Siderian to Orosirian orogenic processes(ca.2.4-2.1 Ga).New isotopic U-Pb in zircon and Sm-Nd whole rock combined with major and trace element composition analyses constrain the crystallization history of the Neoarchean Piedade block(at ca.2.6 Ga) and the Paleoproterozoic Mantiqueira Complex(ca.2.1-1.9 Ga).These therefore display quite different magmatic histories prior to their amalgamation at ca.2.05 Ga.Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopes imply a mixed mantle-crustal origin for the samples in both units.A complete Palaeoproterozoic orogenic cycle,from subduction to collision and collapse,is recorded in the Piedade Block and the Mantiqueira Complex.Rhyacian to Orosirian subduction processes(ca.2.2-2.1 Ga) led to the generation of coeval(ca.2.16 Ga)TTG suites and sanukitoids,followed by late(2.10-2.02 Ga) high-K granitoids that mark the collisional stage.The collisional accretion of the Mantiqueira Complex against the Piedade Block at 2.08-2.04 Ga is also recorded by granulite facies metamorphism in the latter terrane,along the Ponte Nova suture zone.The collisional stage was closely followed by the emplacement of within-plate tholeiites at ca.2.04 Ga and by alkaline rocks(syenites and enriched basic rocks) at ca.1.98 Ga,marking the transition to an extensional tectonic regime.The discovery of two episodes of TTG and sanukitoid magmatism,one during the Neoarchean in the Piedade Complex and another during the Rhyacian in the Mantiqueira Complex,indicates that the onset of subduction-related melting of metasomatized mantle was not restricted to Neoarchean times,as generally believed,but persisted much later into the Paleoproterozoic. 相似文献
15.
《Gondwana Research》2014,25(2):585-613
The Belomorian eclogite province was repeatedly affected by multiple deformation episodes and metamorphism under moderate to high pressure. Within the Gridino area, high pressure processes developed in a continental crust of tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) affinity that contains mafic pods and dykes, in which products of these processes are most clearly evident. New petrological, geochemical and geochronological data on mafic and felsic rocks, including PT-estimates, mineral chemistry, bulk rock chemistries, REE composition of the rocks and zircons and U–Pb and Lu–Hf geochronology presented in the paper make it possible to reproduce the magmatic and high-grade metamorphic evolution in the study area. In the framework of the extremely long-lasting geologic history recorded in the Belomorian province (3–1.7 Ga), new geochronological data enabled us to define the succession of events that includes mafic dyke emplacement between 2.87 and 2.82 Ga and eclogite facies metamorphism of the mafic dykes between ~ 2.82 and ~ 2.72 Ga (most probably in the time span of 2.79–2.73 Ga). The clockwise PT path of the Gridino association crosses the granulite- and amphibolite-facies PT fields during the time period of 2.72 Ga to 2.64 Ga. A special aspect of this work concerns the superposed subisobaric heating (thermal impact) with an increase in the temperature to granulite facies conditions at 2.4 Ga. Later amphibolite facies metamorphism occurred at 2.0–1.9 Ga. Our detailed geochronological and petrological studies reveal a complicated Mesoarchaean–Palaeoproterozoic history that involved deep subduction of the continental crust and a succession of plume-related events. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Structural Geology》2001,23(6-7):1141-1150
Emplacement of the Proterozoic Gunnison annular complex, Colorado, involved brittle failure and both subhorizontal sheeting and steeply-dipping dyking. The annular complex consists of a central diorite body (1730 Ma), surrounded by a ring of metamorphosed supracrustal rocks, in turn ringed by tonalite and granodiorite (1721 Ma). The older central diorite was emplaced as sills parallel to bedding, prior to regional deformation of the Gunnison volcanic arc, ∼1730–1710 m.y. ago. This central body was deformed during regional shortening, into an upright bowl with inward-dipping walls. The surrounding country rocks were folded and locally transposed against the central body, forming an arcuate foliation, conforming roughly to the shape of the body. This foliation and bedding acted as mechanical planes of weakness, which localized the syn-deformational emplacement of the outer ring intrusions, as multiple magma sheets parallel to steeply dipping bedding and foliation. Portions of the outer rings were also injected along concentric, inward-dipping, shear fractures generated under high magma pressure, a process similar to cone sheet emplacement in volcanic ring-dyke complexes. Multiple mechanisms were therefore involved in the emplacement of this sheeted annular plutonic complex, which otherwise superficially resembles a subvolcanic ring-dyke complex. 相似文献
17.
The Wutai greenstone belt in central North China Craton(NCC) hosts a number of Precambrian gold deposits and ore occurrences. Based on the host rock association, these can be divided into Banded Iron Formation(BIF), meta-volcano-sedimentary and meta-conglomerate types. The two former types formed during ~2.5-2.3 Ga and the third one at ~1.85 Ga. The characteristics of these Precambrian gold deposits are broadly similar with those of the orogenic gold deposits. Based on available geochronological data, here we reconstruct the major tectonic events and their relationship with gold mineralization in the Wutai-Hengshan-Fuping region during Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic as follows.(1)~2.6-2.5 Ga: widespread intrusion of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG) magmas in the Hengshan terrane and Fuping continental arc, formation of the Wutai volcanic arc in the southern margin of Hengshan terrane with granitoids emplacement, and the Hengshan-Wutai intra-oceanic arc accretion to the Fuping arc at the end of Neoarchean.(2) ~ 2.5-2.3 Ga: the subduction of Hengshan arc from north leading to persistent magmatism and orogenic gold mineralization.(3)~2.2-2.1 Ga:extension leading to the formation of graben structure in the Wutai and Fuping region, deposition of the Hutuo and Wanzi Group sediments, formation of placer gold through erosion of the orogenic gold deposits.(4)~2.2-2.0 Ga: widespread magmatism in the Wutai-Hengshan-Fuping region.(5)~1.95-1.8 Ga: regional metamorphism associated with collision of the Western and Eastern Blocks of the NCC and associated orogenic gold deposits. The multiple subduction-accretion-collision history and subsequent deep erosion has significantly affected most of the Precambrian gold deposits in the Wutai greenstone belt. 相似文献
18.
G. Bellieni E. M. Piccirillo R. Petrini V. A. V. Girardi A. B. Menezes Leal W. Teixeira L. R. Bastos Leal A. De Min P. Comin Chiaramonti M. A. F. Tanner de Oliveira 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1995,122(3):252-261
: Early Proterozoic (2.0–2.4 Ga), unmetamorphosed mafic dykes intrude Archean (3.1–2.7 Ga) terrains of the northern Sao Francisco
craton (Uaua, NE-Brazil). The dykes are composed of evolved [atomic Mg/(Mg+Fe2)<0.6] two-pyroxene quartz tholeiites, the compositional variations of which are compatible with gabbro fractionation from
different parental melts. The incompatible trace-element patterns indicate that the parental melts derived from partial melting
of chemically heterogeneous garnet peridotite sources. Geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopes imply some contamination of the Uaua
dyke magma by continental crustal components during emplacement. Sr-isotopes suggest that the “uncontaminated” dykes may be
related to time-integrated depleted mantle materials, while Nd-isotopes suggest mantle sources similar to the bulk Earth composition.
The “uncontaminated” dykes have a positive Nb-anomaly and incompatible element contents which do not support appreciable enrichment
of large ion lithophile and light rare earth elements in the source(s) throughmantle metasomatism and/or crustal components
related to dehydration of a subducting slab, and an anorogenic ensialic emplacement is inferred. The Uaua dykes are chemically
and isotopically distinct from the Early–Middle Proterozoic (1.9–1.7 Ga) unmetamorphosed dykes from W-Uruguay (Rio de La Plata
craton) which are believed to have originated from different garnet peridotite sources. This suggests that Uaua–Uruguay compositional
differences may reflect different Archean mantle differentiation and evolution of the cratonization processes. If this possibility
proves to be correct, then magma genesis from various South American cratons would be by independent cratonic processes and
their imprints on the subcratonic mantle.
Received: 22 November 1994/Accepted: 24 July 1995 相似文献
19.
一些学者提出华北克拉通在新元古代早期之前与圣弗朗西斯科克拉通（圣弗朗西斯科-刚果克拉通）相邻,但缺少证据;本文总结两个古陆地质记录,为评价这一古构造格局模型提供线索。两个古陆陆壳生长的峰期均为～2.7 Ga前;不同之处是,华北古陆经历了显著的～2.5 Ga前的陆壳生长和改造,而圣弗朗西斯科克拉通则似乎没有。华北古陆2.4～2.2 Ga期间发育少量变质火山-沉积岩系和花岗岩,～2.1 Ga前后广泛发育裂谷火山-沉积建造及侵入岩,2.0～1.9 Ga发育超高温变质作用和类似弧岩浆活动,导致两个克拉通（东、西华北克拉通）拼合形成统一的华北古陆;同一时期,圣弗朗西斯科克拉通南、北缘发育2.4～2.0 Ga岩浆作用,指示长期处于大陆边缘弧或者岛弧背景,～2.0 Ga还发育超高温变质作用。两个古陆都发育～2.0 Ga前类似大陆边缘弧特点的岩浆活动,只是圣弗朗西斯科克拉通时代稍早。1.8 Ga以来,两个古陆均发育多期岩墙群,部分基本同期,如～1.78 Ga岩墙群、～1.7 Ga岩墙群和～0.92 Ga岩墙群等;不同的是,华北古陆发育约1.3～1.2 Ga岩床/墙群,而圣弗朗西斯克拉通发育～1.5 Ga岩墙群。1.8～0.8 Ga,两个古陆上都断续发育（火山）-沉积建造：1.8～1.6 Ga以及1.4～1.2 Ga,两者的沉积建造同样以石英砂岩等碎屑岩为主,碳酸盐岩较少;1.2～1.0 Ga前,两者的记录均较少,或暂不能确定;1.0～0.8 Ga,两者均发育碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩;1.6～1.4 Ga,华北古陆发育碳酸盐岩建造,而圣弗朗西斯科克拉通则发育碎屑岩建造。华北古陆新元古界地层中碎屑锆石常显示～1.5 Ga的峰值,该期岩浆岩鲜少报道于华北古陆,但却见于圣弗朗西斯科克拉通。两个陆块都发育太古宙-古元古代条带状铁建造铁矿、古元古代石墨矿、中新元古代沉积-喷流型铅锌矿等。不过,华北古陆发育的古元古代硼矿、菱镁矿,中元古代碳酸岩型稀土矿等在圣弗朗西斯科不发育;而后者发育的绿岩带型相关金矿、镍矿、祖母绿宝石矿等,华北似乎不发育。另外,0.7～0.5 Ga,圣弗朗西斯科克拉通周边广泛发育泛非期造山带,而华北古陆并没有这一事件的明确记录;显生宙,圣弗朗西斯科克拉通相对稳定,中生代与刚果克拉通分离;但华北古陆内部经历强烈的构造-岩浆活动（峰期在中生代）。华北与圣弗朗西斯科克拉通前寒武纪是否相邻还需进一步地质对比和古地磁工作,尤其应关注约2.0～1.9 Ga岩浆-变质（造山）事件、约1.8～1.7 Ga岩浆-沉积（裂谷）事件以及约0.9 Ga岩浆-沉积（裂谷）事件。从地质记录的相似性角度来看,华北东南缘与圣弗朗西斯科南缘的地质记录相似性最大,可延续性最强,最可能相邻。 相似文献
20.
Y.-C. LIU A.-D. WANG F. ROLFO C. GROPPO X.-F. GU B. SONG 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2009,27(2):125-138
In the southeastern margin of the North China Craton, high-pressure (HP) granulite facies meta-basic rocks exposed as bands or lenses in the Precambrian metamorphic basement (e.g. Bengbu) and as xenoliths in Mesozoic intrusions (e.g. Jiagou) are characterized by the assemblage garnet + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz + rutile ± Ti-rich hornblende. Cathodoluminescence imaging and mineral inclusions reveal that most zircon from the three dated samples displays distinct core-mantle-rim structures. The cores show typical igneous zircon characteristics and give ages of 2.5–2.4 Ga, thus dating the protolith of the metabasites. The mantles formed at granulite facies conditions as evidenced by inclusions of the HP granulite mineral assemblage garnet + clinopyroxene + rutile + plagioclase + quartz ± hornblende and Ti-rich biotite and yield ages of 1839 ± 31, 1811 ± 19 and 1800 ± 15 Ma. An inclusion-free rim yields an age of 176 ± 2 Ma with the lower Th/U ratio of 0.02. The geochronological and preliminary petrological data of this study suggest that the lower crust beneath the southeastern margin of the North China Craton formed at 2.5–2.4 Ga and underwent HP granulite facies metamorphism at c. 1.8 Ga. This HT-HP metamorphic event may be ascribed to large-scale crustal heating and thickening related to mantle-derived magma underplating at the base of the lower crust, as evidenced by widespread extension, rifting and related mafic magma emplacement in the North China Craton during this period. The age of 176 ± 2 Ma most likely records the late amphibolite facies retrogression occurring during exhumation. 相似文献