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针对在隐患地质灾害体信息采集过程中,大多数危岩体处于高陡边坡顶部,传统测量方式难以直接对其进行测量的难题,该文利用无人机摄影测量技术获取高精度遥感影像,基于点云数据构建三维点云模型和空间实体模型,生成研究区高分辨率栅格影像,提取危岩体空间地理信息,数字化量测危岩体结构面产状.实验表明,获取的高精度栅格影像,弥补了研究区高分辨率遥感影像的匮乏.构建的危岩体三维空间实体模型,模型内、外精度符合岩体结构面信息解译精度要求,可以多角度地观测危岩体地质灾害及其所处环境的真实场景,量测危岩体主要参数,提取危岩体空间地理信息.基于最小二乘法平面拟合算法处理三维点云模型,准确计算出结构面产状,为地质灾害防治部门提供基础数据. 相似文献
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利用解析法摄影测量解决牙颌模型特征参数的获取问题,为口腔医学中牙颌形态学的研究分析提供了科学、实用的技术手段,并将牙颌形态学的研究及其临床应用,从定性分析水平提高到了定量分析水平。本文论述了这一方法的原理与作业步骤,阐述了“反光镜法多面立体摄影测量”过程中“虚象坐标镜面变换”的计算原理及其误差分析方法,介绍了“机助牙颌模型摄影测量系统”(TPS系统)的结构与性能,慨述了计算各类牙颌模型特征参数所用的数学模型与计算方法,简述了利用TPS系统对100例牙颌模型资料进行摄影测量、解析处理及研究分析的情况。 相似文献
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本文针对小空间尺度范围内以滑坡、崩塌为主的山区地质灾害,提出了一套基于小型无人机摄影测量的精细化隐患识别方法。首先,针对工作区开展至少两期无人机摄影测量作业,经处理后得到实景三维模型、数字正射影像(DOM)、数字表面模型(DSM)等精细化成果;其次,以两期DOM与DSM变化检测为主实现灾害体识别;然后,基于灾害体共性特征建立典型识别标志,并依此采用三维实景目视解译为主方法实现孕灾体识别;最后,通过地面核查确认或排除隐患。将该套方法应用到三峡库首秭归泄滩河左岸顺向斜坡区域,共识别出10处不同类型隐患,证明了方法的可行性。 相似文献
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针对卫星影像难以获取大坡度地质露头数据、传统分类方法无法有效利用影像信息导致地质露头剖面岩性分类精度较低等问题,本文通过无人机遥感技术获取高精度野外大坡度地质露头数据,并提出了一种多尺度混合特征网络模型。研究结果表明：无人机与贴近摄影测量技术相结合的方法在采集地质露头数据的应用中具有较强的可行性;多尺度混合特征网络模型能够有效地提取无人机多光谱影像中的光谱特征和空间特征,实现了大坡度地质露头岩性的高精度分类。以云台山地质公园某露头为例,本文模型的总体分类精度可达89.91%,Kappa系数可达0.85,相比于传统的机器学习算法SVM和MLC精度提高接近15%,相比于Inception V3和ResNet18总体分类精度提高约10%,相比于Hybrid CNN总体分类精度提高1.5%。 相似文献
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影像匹配算法模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
邱振戈 《测绘科学技术学报》2000,17(2):115-118,130
通过对数字摄影测量、心理物理学、计算机视觉领域的影像匹配理论探讨,尝试把不同的匹配研究路线揉合在一个算法模型中,从而将心理物理学、计算机视觉、数字摄影测量领域的影像匹配问题联系起来,并对数字摄影测量的影像匹配算法进行了讨论. 相似文献
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以锡林郭勒草原典型的羊草、针茅、日阴菅、隐子草为研究对象,测量4种草地光谱,利用光谱微分法对原始光谱数据进行处理,在提取草地光谱7个特征参数的基础上,采用相关性分析和主成分分析方法精选红边斜率、绿峰位置、绿峰值和红谷位置4个参数。基于所选的4个光谱特征参数,采用多层感知神经网络模型对草地种类进行识别,精度达到80.3%,同时对比7个特征参数与4个特征参数对草地种类识别精度的影响,发现草地种类识别精度从69.0%提高到80.3%。本研究可为大面积草地物种资源的遥感调查和监测提供科学依据。 相似文献
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以锡林郭勒草原典型的羊草、针茅、日阴菅、隐子草为研究对象,测量4种草地光谱,利用光谱微分法对原始光谱数据进行处理,在提取草地光谱7个特征参数的基础上,采用相关性分析和主成分分析方法精选红边斜率、绿峰位置、绿峰值和红谷位置4个参数。基于所选的4个光谱特征参数,采用多层感知神经网络模型对草地种类进行识别,精度达到80.3%,同时对比7个特征参数与4个特征参数对草地种类识别精度的影响,发现草地种类识别精度从69.0%提高到80.3%。本研究可为大面积草地物种资源的遥感调查和监测提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Digital Photogrammetry and Microscope Photographs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The feasibility of applying commercial digital photogrammetric software to the measurement of small objects photographed through an optical microscope has been examined. The objects, about 20 mm across, were photographed using a 35 mm film camera (at the lowest magnification setting of the Olympus microscope) giving photographs at a scale of 2:1. The photographs were then scanned before processing with the VirtuoZo digital photogrammetric system. Various problems needed to be overcome, some due to the limited options available with the highly automated digital system which was not designed for such measurement tasks. The unusual image scales, the uncommon pixel sizes and the unconventional and uncertain imaging geometry, all impeded immediate photogrammetric implementation. Photographic problems with the microscope were also faced, as with all microscope photogrammetry. Creating control points and independently assessing the accuracy of results at these scales were also difficult operations, but an analytical plotter was utilized for both these purposes and to verify the imaging geometry. Once such problems were overcome, image matching proceeded well and an accurate DTM could be created successfully, provided that a suitably textured object was chosen. 相似文献
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数码相机的标定参数包括相机的内方位元素和各项镜头畸变差。从摄影测量的理论出发,通过空间前方交会试验,分析并统计了相机标定的各参数对摄影测量精度的影响。 相似文献
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基于已知定向参数影像的光束法区域网平差 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
从自检校光束法区域网平差模型出发,建立了利用同一地区已知定向参数的影像解求新获取影像外方位元素并进行目标定位的数学模型。以此为基础,对来自某地区相隔两年的三期不同摄影比例尺航空影像两两组合地进行联合光束法区域网平差。结果表明,当两期影像比例尺相近时,所解求的新影像外方位元素和加密点坐标精度基本达到常规光束法区域网平差的精度;当两期影像比例尺不同时,利用已知定向参数的大比例尺影像解求出的小比例尺影像的外方位元素和加密点坐标可满足现行规范精度要求,利用已知定向参数的小比例尺影像去解求大比例尺影像的外方位元素和加密点坐标精度明显下降且不可用。本文的研究证实,就同一地区的多时相航摄影像而言,利用已知定向参数的影像进行新影像的定向方法是可行的。 相似文献
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Blending photogrammetric and Structure from Motion techniques with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) is a commonly used approach for the documentation and analysis of archaeological sites. Using the dense 3D point clouds generated from these techniques, two main photogrammetric products are created: orthophotos and Digital Surfaces Models (DSM). Depending on the UAV technology, the flight parameters, the topography and land cover of the flown area, DSMs and orthophotos are delivered with varying positional accuracies and output scales. In this paper, the positional accuracy and maximum allowable scale of these products generated by complete automation of flight mode and processing workflow are assessed. Moreover, three known International Mapping Standards (IMS) are validated using independent checkpoints, obtained by geodetic Global Navigation Satellite Systems receivers, in two Spanish study areas. The results show that accurate photogrammetric products adapted to the IMS can be successfully obtained by the automation of the photogrammetric workflow. 相似文献
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Evaluation of Information Loss in Digital Elevation Models With Digital Photogrammetric Systems 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Y. D. Huang 《The Photogrammetric Record》2000,16(95):781-791
Information loss is caused when a surface is sampled with a finite interval, such as in the production of a digital elevation model (DEM). This information loss can become the dominant part of the error in a DEM. The ability to quantify information loss enables guidance to be provided for an appropriate choice of grid interval and better accuracy assessment for the DEM. With the use of digital photogrammetric systems, evaluation of information loss has become much easier. This paper describes three methods of evaluating information loss. An example is given of the method which is most appropriate for use with a digital photogrammetric system, based on rock cliff surface data and the VirtuoZo system. 相似文献
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2017年8月8日发生的7.0级九寨沟地震诱发九寨沟熊猫海附近产生大量的滑坡体，造成道路阻塞，严重影响地震应急救援进度。为快速准确地识别滑坡分布范围，本文在深入分析滑坡遥感影像特征的基础上，引入面向对象分析方法，实现了基于无人机影像的震后滑坡体的自动识别。通过多尺度分割算法获取滑坡多层次影像对象，利用SEaTH算法自动构建每一层次特征规则集，实现基于不同层次分析的滑坡体自动识别。分析滑坡体在地形、活动断层等因子中的空间分布特征，为地震滑坡预测与危险性评价奠定基础。与人工目视解译结果相比较，基于面向对象的滑坡自动识别方法提取精度可达94.8%，Kappa系数为0.827，在电脑配置相同的情况下，自动识别方法的效率是人工目视解译效率的一倍。空间分布特征分析表明，地震滑坡的空间分布与斜坡坡度、地形起伏度呈正相关关系，与地表粗糙度存在负相关关系，研究区滑坡体分布存在明显的断层效应。 相似文献
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Smartphones can be operated in a 3G network environment at any time or location, and they also cost less than existing photogrammetric UAV systems, providing high-resolution images and 3D location and attitude data from a variety of built-in sensors. This study aims to assess the feasibility of using a smartphone as the payload for a photogrammetric UAV system. To carry out the assessment, a smartphone-based photogrammetric UAV system was developed and utilized to obtain image, location, and attitude data under both static and dynamic conditions. The accuracy of the location and attitude data obtained and sent by this system was then evaluated. The smartphone images were converted into ortho-images via image triangulation, which was carried out both with and without consideration of the interior orientation (IO) parameters determined by camera calibration. In the static experiment, when the IO parameters were taken into account, the triangulation results were less than 1.28 pixels (RMSE) for all smartphone types, an improvement of at least 47% compared with the case when IO parameters were not taken into account. In the dynamic experiment, on the other hand, the accuracy of smartphone image triangulation was not significantly improved by considering IO parameters. This was because the electronic rolling shutter within the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor built into the smartphone and the actuator for the voice coil motor (VCM)-type auto-focusing affected by the vibration and the speed of the UAV, which is likely to have a negative effect on image-based digital elevation model (DEM) generation. However, considering that these results were obtained using a single smartphone, this suggests that a smartphone is not only feasible as the payload for a photogrammetric UAV system but it may also play a useful role when installed in existing UAV systems. 相似文献
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Application of Digital Photogrammetry to Complex Topography for Geomorphological Research 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
This paper is concerned with the application of automated digital photogrammetry, using 1:3000 scale photography, to complex, natural landform surfaces, of typical interest to geomorphologists. It assesses the quality of the results obtained using a relatively cheap and readily available area based stereomatching package, in terms of precision, accuracy and external reliability. Precision is investigated with reference to the confidence that can be placed in individual matches. Accuracy is evaluated using specially collected, independent datasets obtained from an area of complex topography in Glen Affric, Scotland. Data collection was stratified to areas of different surface roughness. External reliability is judged with respect to estimates of slope, a key parameter in geomorphological investigations. The results show that, whilst the effects of grid density and vegetation correction are the most important controls upon the accuracy and the external reliability of the photogrammetric results, collection parameters associated with the stereomatching process can also exert some control, particularly in areas of complex topography. It is impossible to generalize rules for choice of optimal collection parameters without careful consideration of the surface under investigation. Given that maximum grid densities are defined by the object space pixel resolution, the paper concludes that surface quality is largely governed by traditional controls upon photogrammetric data quality (camera calibration, base:distance ratio, ground control), combined with either scanning density or digital image resolution. However, over some surfaces, careful consideration has to be given to the effect of matching parameters. 相似文献