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1.
针对似大地水准面在精化过程中不同移去-恢复高程转换模型的适用性和选取问题,基于二次曲面和EGM2008重力场模型,分别构建了RBF神经网络、多面函数和Shepard等3种类型的移去-恢复模型,结合平原和高原山区两个工程实例,通过调整高程拟合点数目进行似大地水准面拟合与精度对比。结果表明,在平原地区,EGM2008-多面函数高程模型精度略优于其他模型;在高原山区,当拟合点数较少时,基于EGM2008的移去-恢复模型精度高于基于二次曲面的移去-恢复模型,其中,EGM2008-多面函数和EGM2008-Shepard较优,而随着拟合点数目的增加,二次曲面-Shepard高程转换模型的精度优于其他模型。  相似文献   

2.
选取某地区76个已知点(大地高和正常高已知)为实验数据,以二次曲面拟合中误差值作为分区依据,研究GPS高程分区拟合方法。地势变化较小的区域采用二次曲面拟合法建立拟合模型,地势变化较大的区域采用混合拟合方法(二次曲面加权平均法)建立拟合模型,公共边界上的点采用混合拟合方法求其高程异常值。该分区方案及各分区选用的拟合方法不仅可以准确找到影响二次曲面拟合效果的区域,而且能有效削弱地形起伏对二次曲面拟合模型的影响,提高拟合精度。  相似文献   

3.
GPS测量高程为WGS84系统的大地高,通过加入高程异常求得正常高。利用测区内几个GPS水准点上的已知高程异常进行拟合,求得该测区高程异常分布的数值模型,得到其它未知点的正常高。目前,常用的拟合方法有平面拟合法、二次曲面拟合法、多面函数法等,笔者以海阳市控制网的布设,探讨了影响GPS拟合高程精度的因素,提出了提高GPS拟合高程精度的方法。  相似文献   

4.
影响由似大地水准面模型进行GPS高程转换的因素有两个:GPS点大地高的测量精度和该点内插高程异常的精度。利用模拟以及某一区域似大地水准面模型比较了反距离加权插值、线性插值、谢别德插值以及切比雪夫插值方法用于GPS点高程异常内插的精度,结果表明:对于分辨率较高的似大地水准面,切比雪夫插值具有很好的内插效果。  相似文献   

5.
针对平面拟合、二次曲面拟合和GA-BP神经网络3种模型的各自特点和适用范围,为综合各模型优点、提高高程拟合的精度与可靠性,对比分析了不同非线性组合和线性组合方法,即RBF神经网络组合、加权最小二乘支持向量机(WLSSVM)组合和最优加权组合、最优非负变权组合等对GPS高程拟合精度的影响。理论分析和算例结果表明,不同组合方法对GPS高程拟合精度的影响不同,WLSSVM组合和最优非负变权组合的拟合效果较好,可靠性较强|最优非负变权组合能较好地控制残差极值,有效减小误差区间,且转换精度较高。  相似文献   

6.
基于广义回归神经网络的GPS高程转换   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为提高GPS高程转换的精度,采用广义回归神经网络(GRNN)进行拟合。将控制点的X、Y坐标作为网络输入,高程异常作为网络输出,采用实验数据训练网络,训练完成的网络作为模型进行高程异常预测。结果表明,GRNN方法具有较高的GPS转换精度。  相似文献   

7.
由于坐标系统不同,用GPS进行高程测量时必须首先进行高程拟合确定似大地水准面。高程拟合的方法有多种,当测区面积不大时,这些方法在一定程度上都能取得好的效果,但当测区面积很大时,直接应用这些方法往往难以取得好的结果。实际操作中对于测量面积很大时,往往采用分区拟合的方法。目前分区主要有两类方法:一是根据测区的实际地形起伏情况划分;二是根据支撑点的高程异常来划分。按地形分区,简捷易行常被采用,但有时精度难保证;按支撑点划分,在地形复杂地区,其高程异常起伏不定,根据相邻点的高程异常的差值很难定出分区情况。本文提出一种新的思路,即首先依据EGM96去掉高程异常中的中长波部分,再用残余的高程异常做等值线图,根据等值线图再进行分区。由于等值线图能反映高程异常的细部结构,根据等值线图进行的分区能保证每个分区中高程变化的单调性,因而有利于高程的拟合。实例表明,该方法能取得良好的拟合效果。  相似文献   

8.
基于加权总体最小二乘法的GPS高程拟合   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
在GPS高程拟合中,针对传统最小二乘方法不能解决系数矩阵存在误差的问题,提出了一种基于加权总体最小二乘的拟合方法。对平面和二次曲面多项式建立更加合理的拟合模型,并给出了相应的迭代算法。实例计算表明,加权最小二乘方法能够得到更好的估计参数,高程异常值拟合精度也相应提高。  相似文献   

9.
线性加权回归模型的高原山地区域降水空间插值研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
在山地和高原区域,地形对降水影响比较显著。常规空间插值方法通常不考虑地形要素,插值精度有限。考虑到降水量与高程存在较强的相关关系,采用局部线性加权回归模型预测山地和高原区域的降水分布。推导了回归计算公式,并在ArcGIS 9.0中编程实现算法。选取美国德克萨斯州西北部地区进行局部线性加权回归空间插值,并与普通Kriging、倒距离加权法比较。误差分析表明:在地形复杂的地区,线性加权回归模型比传统方法有优势。  相似文献   

10.
分析在基于BP神经网络的GPS高程拟合建模中样本数据预处理的必要性,并列举了归一化、中心化、标准化3种数据预处理方法,然后结合实例,在神经网络建模中增加一个数据预处理层,分别用3种训练方法对基于不同数据预处理的模型进行训练建模,将计算结果进行对比分析,并与二次曲面模型结果进行比较,得出不同数据预处理方法对基于神经网络的GPS高程拟合建模精度的影响不同,且神经网络方法比二次曲面方法的拟合精度更高。  相似文献   

11.
????????????????????г?????????????????μ?????????-??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????С????????????????н???????г????????????????????Ч????á?  相似文献   

12.
?????????????????????????У????????????????????Щ???????ù???????????????????α仯??????????????GPS??????????????????????÷????????????????GPS?????????????????????????????  相似文献   

13.
针对小波神经网络存在的局限性,采用粒子群算法对小波神经网络进行优化,并在此基础上建立GPS高程异常值的拟合模型.为了避免粒子群算法陷入局部极小值和收敛速度慢等问题,采用惯性权重非线性递减和自适应学习因子相结合的策略对粒子群算法进行改进,从而提高模型的训练精度.以某矿区实测GPS数据为例,对所建模型的拟合性能进行验证.结...  相似文献   

14.
Digital elevation models(DEMs) can be quickly and conveniently generated using very high resolution(VHR) satellite stereo images. Previous studies have evaluated and compared DEM accuracy based on VHR satellite stereo pairs collected by different satellite sensors. However, few studies analyzed the accuracy of a DEM based on stereo image pairs from a satellite with the same orbit and different orbits for a region with significant topographic fluctuations in the plateau area. Referring to former studies, this paper had two objectives: to generate a digital elevation model(DEM) and evaluate its horizontal and vertical accuracy over a plateau area with high relief; and to study the mapping capability of multiorbit and multitemporal stereo pair images in the plateau mountainous region. To achieve these objectives, we collected the 2015 Worldview-2 stereo image pair and another three World View-2 images acquired in 2013, 2014, and 2015. First, the 2015 DEM was obtained using a strict physical model based on along-track stereo image pairs, and the reliability of the DEM was verified with field data. Then, the images obtained in 2013, 2014, and 2015 were combined into different-orbit stereo image pairs, DEMs were produced using rational function models, and the DEMs were verified using field data and the 2015 DEM as standards. The results showed that the relief degree has a particular influence on the DEM, and the precision of the DEM decreases as the topographic relief increases. Off-nadir angles can also influence DEM accuracy, with a larger angle corresponding to a lower DEM accuracy. The research also shows that the DEM obtained from four sets of experiments meets the accuracy requirement of a 1:5,000 digital elevation map, digital line graphic(DLG), and digital orthophoto map(DOM). Among these four groups of DEMs, the one based on the 2015 stereo pairs with the same satellite achieved the highest precision.  相似文献   

15.
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???Shepard???????????????????????????????Kriging????????????????п???????????????????????????????????????ε?????????????????????÷?Χ??????3????????б???????????1??????????????????????????????????????????????????2?????Kriging?????????????????????????????????????????仯???????????????????????????????????????仯С??????  相似文献   

16.
????GPS???????????ж??????BP?????????溯???????????????????????÷?Χ?????????????????????????????????С???????????????LSSVM??????????????????????LSSVM?????????????????С????????????????????С??????????С??????????в?????????????????????????????????????????????LSSVM????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????LSSVM?????????GPS???????????  相似文献   

17.
给出引力梯度数据归算的二阶径向改正公式,计算结果表明选用高精度参考重力场模型可以有效控制归算误差的影响。比较加权平均法、Shepard曲面拟合法和最小二乘配置法用于卫星重力梯度数据格网化处理的精度和适用性,采用不同噪声背景的径向引力梯度数据进行格网化处理,计算结果表明:最小二乘配置法相比加权平均法和Shepard曲面拟合法具有明显优势,其格网化精度可满足高精度重力场恢复的需要,建议在实际计算中采用最小二乘配置法进行格网化处理。  相似文献   

18.
《山地科学学报》2020,17(2):289-303
Mountainous area makes up 22% of global land, and rational land use in this area is important for sustainable development. Mentougou district has been positioned as an ecological conservation development zone of Beijing and significant land use changes have taken place since 2004. With the combination of GIS and Dinamica EGO(Environment for Geoprocessing Objects) model, the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of land use in Mentougou from 2006 to 2014 are analyzed in this paper. Considering topography has influence on the action mode of driving factors, the research area is divided into two parts based on elevation, mountainous area above 300 m, plain and shallow mountainous area below 300 m. Based on cellular automata theory, the probability of land use change is calculated by Weights of Evidence method and the spatial distribution of land use is simulated by means of two complementary spatial transition functions: Expander and Patcher. Land use pattern of Menougou in 2030 for three kinds of scenarios: trend development, rapid development and ecological protection are simulated. The comparison shows that the trend development scenario is more reasonable based on social, economic and environmental considerations and other scenarios provide a reference for improving irrational land use.  相似文献   

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