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1.
Rate constants for the reaction of OH radicals with some branched alkyl nitrates have been measured applying a competitive technique. Methyl nitrite photolysis in synthetic air was used as OH radical source at 295±2 K and 1000 mbar total pressure. Using a rate constant of 2.53×10-12 cm3 s-1 for the reaction of OH radicals with n-butane as reference, the following rate constants were obtained (units: 10-12 cm3 s-1): isopropyl nitrate, 0.59±0.22; isobutyl nitrate, 1.63±0.20; 3-methyl-2-butyl nitrate, 1.95±0.15; 2-methyl-1-butyl nitrate, 2.50±0.15; 3-methyl-1-butyl nitrate, 2.55±0.35. These values have been combined with the literature data to recalculate the substituent factors F(X) for the different nitrate groups which can be used to predict OH rate constants for organic nitrates for which experimental data are not available.Preliminary measurements of the photolysis frequency of isopropyl nitrate have shown that for this nitrate as a model substance, OH reactions and direct photolysis are of equal importance under tropospheric conditions.  相似文献   

2.
Rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals, NO3 radicals and O3 with the C7-carbonyl compounds 4-methylenehex-5-enal [CH2=CHC(=CH2)CH2CH2CHO], (3Z)- and (3E)-4-methylhexa-3,5-dienal [CH2=CHC(CH3)=CHCH2CHO] and 4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-one, which are products of the atmospheric degradations of myrcene, Z- and E-ocimene and terpinolene, respectively, have been measured at 296 ± 2 K and atmospheric pressure of air using relative rate methods. The rate constants obtained (in cm3 molecule–1 s–1 units) were: for 4-methylenehex-5-enal, (1.55 ± 0.15) × 10–10, (4.75 ± 0.35) × 10–13 and (1.46 ± 0.12) × 10–17 for the OH radical, NO3 radical and O3 reactions, respectively; for (3Z)-4-methylhexa-3,5-dienal: (1.61 ± 0.35) × 10–10, (2.17 ± 0.30) × 10–12, and (4.13 ± 0.81) × 10–17 for the OH radical, NO3 radical and O3 reactions, respectively; for (3E)-4-methylhexa-3,5-dienal: (2.52 ± 0.65) × 10–10, (1.75 ± 0.27) × 10–12, and (5.36 ± 0.28) × 10–17 for the OH radical, NO3 radical and O3 reactions, respectively; and for 4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-one: (1.10 ± 0.19) × 10–10, (1.81 ± 0.35) × 10–12, and (6.98 ± 0.40) × 10–17 for the OH radical, NO3 radical and O3 reactions, respectively. These carbonyl compounds are all reactive in the troposphere, with daytime reaction with the OH radical and nighttime reaction with the NO3 radical being predicted to dominate as loss processes and with estimated lifetimes of about an hour or less.  相似文献   

3.
Rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with nopinone (6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-2-one) and camphenilone (3,3-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one) and for the reactions of 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene with OH and NO3 radicals and O3 have been measured at 296±2 K. The rate constants (cm3 molecule–1 s–1 units) obtained were, for reaction with the OH radical: nopinone, (1.43±0.37)×10–11; camphenilone, (5.15±1.44)×10–12; and 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene, (1.29±0.33)×10–10; for reaction with the NO3 radical: 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene, (1.05±0.38)×10–11; and for reaction with O3: 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene, (1.50±0.53)×10–16. These data are used to calculate the tropospheric lifetimes of these monoterpene atmospheric reaction products.  相似文献   

4.
The chemistry of glycolaldehyde (hydroxyacetaldehyde) relevant to the troposphere has been investigated using UV absorption spectrometry and FTIR absorption spectrometry in an environmental chamber. Quantitative UV absorption spectra have been obtained for the first time. The UV spectrum peaks at 277 nm with a maximum cross section of (5.5± 0.7)×10–20 cm2 molecule–1. Studies of the ultraviolet photolysis of glycolaldehyde ( = 285 ± 25 nm) indicated that the overall quantum yield is > 0.5 in one bar of air, with the major products being CH2OH and HCO radicals. Rate coefficients for the reactions of Cl atoms and OH radicals with glycolaldehyde have been determined to be (7.6± 1.5)×10–11 and (1.1± 0.3)×10–11 cm3 molecule–1 s–1, respectively, in good agreement with the only previous study. The lifetime of glycolaldehyde in the atmosphere is about 1.0 day for reaction with OH, and > 2.5 days for photolysis, although both wet and dry deposition should also be considered in future modeling studies.  相似文献   

5.
Rate coefficients have been measured for the reactions of hydroxyl radicals with a range of aliphatic ethers by a competitive technique. Mixtures of synthetic air containing a few ppm of nitrous acid, isobutene and an ether were photolyzed in a Teflon-bag smog chamber. From the rates of depletion of the ether and of the isobutene, and based on the value of the rate coefficient k(OH+i-C4H8)=5.26×10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, the following rate coefficients were obtained for the hydroxyl radical reactions at 750 Torr and at 294±2K in units of 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1: diethylether = 12.0±1.1, di-n-propylether = 15.3±1.6, di-n-butylether=17.1±0.9, ethyl n-butylether = 13.5±0.4, ethyl t-butyl-ether = 5.6±0.5, and di-isobutylether = 26.1±1.6. The quoted error limits correspond to 2 standard deviations but do not include any contribution from k(OH+i-C4H8) for which the error limits are estimated to be about ±10%. The results are discussed in relation to the available literature data and considered in terms of the structure-activity relation for hydroxyl radical reactions with organic molecules.  相似文献   

6.
Rate constants have been measured for the reactions of hydroxyl radicals with alkyl nitrates and with some oxygen-containing organic compounds by a competitive technique. Mixtures of synthetic air containing a few ppm of nitrous acid, ethylene and the organic substrate were photolysed in a Teflon bag smog chamber. Based on the value k HO+C2H4}=8.1×10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 the following rate constants were obtained for the hydroxyl radical reactions at 750 Torr and at 303 K in units of 10-12 cm3 molecule-1: CH3ONO2, 0.37±0.09; C2H5ONO2, 0.48±0.20; n-C3H7ONO2, 0.70±0.22; C2H5OH, 3.6±0.4; CH3COCH3, 0.26±0.08; CH3CO2 i-C3H7, 3.0±0.8; CH3CO2 n-C3H7, 2.4±0.2. The results are discussed in relation to the available literature data and the implications of the results are considered in terms of the smog reactivity of these molecules.  相似文献   

7.
A new version of an atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometer has been developed for ground based in situ atmospheric measurements of OH and total peroxy (HO2 + organic peroxy) radicals. Based on the previously developed principle of chemical conversion of OH radicals to H2SO4 in reaction with SO2 and detection of H2SO4 using an ion molecule reaction with NO3─, the new instrument is equipped with a turbulent chemical conversion reactor allowing for measurements in moderately polluted atmosphere at NO concentrations up to several ppb. Unlike other similar devices, where the primary NO3─ ions are produced using radioactive ion sources, the new instrument is equipped with a specially developed corona discharge ion source. According to laboratory measurements, the overall accuracy and detection limits are estimated to be, respectively, 25% and 2 × 105 molecule cm-3 for OH and 30% and 1 × 105 molecule cm-3 for HO2 at 10 min integration times. The detection limit for measurements of OH radicals under polluted conditions is 5 × 105 molecules cm-3 at 10 min integration times. Examples of ambient air measurements during a field campaign near Paris in July 2007 are presented demonstrating the capability of the new instrument, although with reduced performance due to the employment of non isotopic SO2.  相似文献   

8.
A high-sensitive technique to detect O(1S) atoms using vacuum ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence (VUV-LIF) spectroscopy has been applied to study the O(1S) production process from the UV photodissociation of O3, N2O, and H2O2. The quantum yields for O(1S) formation from O3 photolysis at 215 and 220 nm are determined to be (1.4 ± 0.4) × 10−4 and (5 ± 3) × 10−5, respectively. Based on thermochemical considerations, the O(1S) formation from O3 photolysis at 215 and 220 nm is attributed to a spin-forbidden process of O(1S)+O2(X3Σg −). Analysis of the Doppler profile of O(1S) produced from O3 photolysis at 193 nm also indicates that the O(1S) atoms are produced from the spin-forbidden process. In the photolysis of N2O and H2O2 at 193 nm, no discernible signal of O(1S) atoms has been detected. The upper limit values of the quantum yields for O(1S) production from N2O and H2O2 photolysis at 193 nm are estimated to be 8 × 10−5 and 3 × 10−5, respectively. Using the experimental results, the impact of the O(1S) formation from O3 photolysis on the atmospheric OH radical formation through the reaction of O(1S)+H2O has been estimated. The calculated results show that the contribution of the O(1S)+H2O reaction to the OH production rate is ∼2% of that of the O(1D)+H2O reaction at 30 km altitude in mid-latitude. Implications of the present laboratory experimental results for the terrestrial airglow of O(1S) at 557.7 nm have also been discussed.  相似文献   

9.
Kinetics and products of the gas-phase reactions of dimethylsulphide (DMS), dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and dimethylsulphone (DMSO2) with Br atoms and BrO radicals in air have beeninvestigated using on-line Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) as analytical technique at 740 ± 5 Torr total pressure and at 296 ± 3 K in a480 L reaction chamber. Using a relative rate method for determining the rate constants; the following values (expressed in cm3molecule–1 s–1) were found: kDMS+Br = (4.9 ±1.0) ×10–14, kDMSO + Br < 6 × 10–14,kDMSO 2 + Br 1 × 10–15,kDMSO + BrO = (1.0 ± 0.3) × 10–14 andkDMSO 2 + BrO 3 × 10–15 (allvalues are given with one on the experimental data). DMSO, SO2, COS, CH3SBr andCH3SO2Br were identified as the main sulphur containing products of the oxidation of DMS by Br atoms. From the reaction between DMSO and Br atoms, DMSO2and CH3SO2Br were the only sulphur containing products thatwere identified. DMSO, DMSO2 and SO2 were identified as themain sulphur containing products of the reaction between DMS and BrO.DMSO2 was found to be the only product of the reaction between DMSO and BrO. For the reactions of DMSO2 with Br and BrO no products were identified because the reactions were too slow.The implications of these results for atmospheric chemistry are discussed.  相似文献   

10.
The 1,4-hydroxycarbonyl 5-hydroxy-2-pentanone is an important product of the gas-phase reaction of OH radicals with n-pentane in the presence of NO. We have used a relative rate method with 4-methyl-2-pentanone as the reference compound to measure the rate constant for the reaction of OH radicals with 5-hydroxy-2-pentanone at 296 ± 2 K. The carbonyls were sampled by on-fiber derivatization using a Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) fiber coated with O> -(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine hydrochloride with subsequent thermal desorption of the oxime derivatives and quantification by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. For comparison, the reference compound was also analyzed following sample collection onto a Tenax adsorbent cartridge. Products of the reaction were investigated using coated-fiber SPME sampling with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis as well as by using in situ atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry. A rate constant for the reaction of OH radicals with 5-hydroxy-2-pentanone of (1.6 ± 0.4) × 10–11 cm3 molecule–1 s–1 was obtained at 296 ± 2 K. Two dicarbonyl products, of molecular weight 86 and 100, were observed and are attributed to CH3C(O)CH2CHO and CH3C(O)CH2CH2CHO, respectively. Reaction schemes leading to these products are presented.  相似文献   

11.
Using a relative rate method, rate constants have been measured for the gas-phase reactions of OH and NO3 radicals with pinonaldehyde, caronaldehyde and sabinaketone at 296 ± 2 K. The OH radical reaction rate constants obtained are (in units of 10–12 cm3 molecule–1 s–1): pinonaldehyde, 48 ± 8; caronaldehyde, 48 ± 8; and sabinaketone, 5.1 ± 1.4, and the NO3 radical reaction rate constants are (in units of 10–14 cm3 molecule–1 s–1): pinonaldehyde, 2.0 ± 0.9; caronaldehyde, 2.5 ± 1.1; and sabinaketone, 0.036 ± 0.023, where the error limits include the estimated overall uncertainties in the rate constants for the reference compounds. Upper limits to the O3 reaction rate constants were also obtained, of <2 × 10–20 cm3 molecule–1 s–1 for pinonaldehyde and caronaldehyde, and <5 × 10–20 cm3 molecule–1 s–1 for sabinaketone. These reaction rate constants are combined with estimated ambient tropospheric concentrations of OH radicals, NO3 radicals and O3 to calculate tropospheric lifetimes and dominant transformation process(es) of these and other monoterpene reaction products.  相似文献   

12.
Absolute rate coefficient measurements have been carried out for the reactions of Cl atoms with propene and a series of 3-halopropenes, at room temperature (298 ± 2) K using a newly constructed laser photolysis-resonance fluorescence (PLP-RF) system. The rate coefficients obtained (in units of cm3 molecule–1 s–1) are: propene (1.40± 0.24) ×10–10, 3-fluoropropene (4.92 ± 0.42) ×10–11, 3-chloropropene (7.47 ± 1.50) × 10–11, 3-bromopropene (1.23± 0.14) ×10–10 and 3-iodopropene (1.29± 0.15) ×10–10. In order to test this new system, the reactions of Cl atoms with acetone and isoprene have also been studied and compared with data previously reported. The rate coefficients determined at room temperature for these last two reactions are (2.93 ± 0.20) ×10–12 cm3 molecule–1 s– 1 and (3.64± 0.20)×10–10 cm3 molecule–1 s–1, respectively. The measured values were independent of pressure over the range 20–200 Torr. The influence of the different halogen atoms substituents on the reactivity of these alkenes with Cl atoms as well as the atmospheric implications of these measurements are studied and discussed for the first time in this work and compared with the reactivity with NO3 and OH radicals.  相似文献   

13.
The relative rate technique has been used to measure rate constants for the reaction of chlorine atoms with peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN), peroxypropionylnitrate (PPN), methylhydroperoxide, formic acid, acetone and butanone. Decay rates of these organic species were measured relative to one or more of the following reference compounds; ethene, ethane, chloroethane, chloromethane, and methane. Using rate constants of 9.29×10–11, 5.7×10–11, 8.04×10–12, 4.9×10–13, and 1.0×10–13 cm3 molecule–1 sec–1 for the reaction of Cl atoms with ethene, ethane, chloroethane, chloromethane, and methane respectively, the following rate constants were derived, in units of cm3 molecule–1 s–1: PAN, <7×10–15; PPN, (1.14±0.12)×10–12; HCOOH, (2.00±0.25)×10–13; CH3OOH, (5.70±0.23)×10–11; CH3COCH3, (2.37±0.12)×10–12; and CH3COC2H5, (4.13±0.57)×10–11. Quoted errors represent 2 and do not include possible systematic errors due to errors in the reference rate constants. Experiments were performed at 295±2 K and 700 torr total pressure of nitrogen or synthetic air. The results are discussed with respect to the previous literature data and to the modelling of nonmethane hydrocarbon oxidation in the atmosphere.In recent discussions with Dr. R. A. Cox of Harwell Laboratory, UKAEA, we learnt of a preliminary value for the rate constant of the reaction of Cl with acetone of (2.5±1.0)×10–12 cm3 molecule–1 sec–1 measured by R. A. Cox, M. E. Jenkin, and G. D. Hayman using molecular modulation techniques. This value is in good agreement with our results.  相似文献   

14.
Rate coefficients have been measured for the gas phasereactions of hydroxyl (OH) radicals and ozone with twounsaturated esters, allyl acetate(CH3C(O)OCH2CH=CH2) and isopropenylacetate (CH3C(O)OC(CH3)=CH2). The OHexperiments were carried out using the pulsed laserphotolysis – laser induced fluorescence technique overthe temperature range 243–372 K and the kinetic dataused to derive the following Arrhenius expressions (inunits of cm3 molecule-1 s-1): allylacetate, k 1 = (2.33 ± 0.27) ×10-12 exp[(732 ± 34)/T]; and isopropenyl acetate,k 2 = (4.52 ± 0.62) × 10-12exp[(809 ± 39)/T]. At 298 K, the rate coefficients obtained (inunits of 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1)are: k 1 = (27.1 ± 3.0) and k 2= (69.6± 9.4). The relative rate technique has been usedto determine rate coefficients for the reaction ofozone with the acetates. Using methyl vinyl ketone asthe reference compound and a value of4.8 × 10-18 cm3 molecule-1s-1 asthe rate coefficient for its reaction with O3,the following rate coefficients were derived at 298 ± 4 K (in units of10-18 cm3molecule-1 s-1): allyl acetate, (2.4 ± 0.7) andisopropenyl acetate (0.7 ± 0.2). Theresults are discussed in terms of structure-activityrelationships and used to derive atmospheric lifetimesfor the acetates.  相似文献   

15.
The gas phase reactions of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) with OH and Cl have been studied using the discharge-flow EPR method. The rate constants are found to be k 3=(7.5±1.4)×10-14 and k 4=(3.7±1.7)×10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 298 K, respectively. These results confirm that the OH+PAN reaction will be the dominant sink of PAN in the middle and upper troposphere, whereas the reaction Cl+PAN will be negligible in contrast with previous estimations.  相似文献   

16.
The absolute rate constants for the gas-phasereactions of the NO3 radical with a series ofaldehydes such as acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal,pentanal, hexanal and, heptanal were measured overthe temperature range 298–433 K, using a dischargeflow system and monitoring the NO3 radical byLaser Induced Fluorescence (LIF).The measured rate constants at 298 K for thereaction of NO3, in units of 10–14 cm3molecule–1 s–1, were as follows:acetaldehyde 0.32 ± 0.04, propanal 0.60 ± 0.06, butanal 1.46± 0.16, pentanal 1.75 ±0.06, hexanal 1.83 ± 0.36, and heptanal 2.37 ±0.42. The proposed Arrhenius expressions arek1 = (6.2 ± 7.5) × 10–11 exp[–(2826 ± 866)/T] (cm3 molecule–1s–1),k2 = (1.7 ± 1.0) × 10–11 exp[–(2250 ± 192)/T] (cm3 molecule–1s1), k3 =(7.6 ± 9.8) × 1011 exp[–(2466 ± 505)/T] (cm3 molecule–1s–1),k4 = (2.8 ± 1.4) × 10–11 exp[–(2189 ± 156)/T] (cm3 molecule–1s–1), k5 = (7.0 ± 1.8) ×10–11 exp [–(2382 ± 998)/T](cm3 molecule–1 s–1), andk6 = (7.8 ± 1.0) × 10–11 exp[–(2406 ± 481)/T](cm3 molecule–1 s–1).Tropospheric lifetimes for these aldehydes werecalculated at night and during the day for typicalNO3 and OH average concentrations and showed thatboth radicals provide an effective tropospheric sinkfor these compounds and that the night-time reactionwith the NO3 radical can be an important, if notdominant, loss process for these emitted organics andfor NO3 radicals.  相似文献   

17.
This study reports comparisonsbetween model simulations, based on current sulfurmechanisms, with the DMS, SO2 and DMSOobservational data reported by Bandy et al.(1996) in their 1994 Christmas Island field study. For both DMS and SO2, the model results werefound to be in excellent agreement with theobservations when the observations were filtered so asto establish a common meteorological environment. Thisfiltered DMS and SO2 data encompassedapproximately half of the total sampled days. Basedon these composite profiles, it was shown thatoxidation of DMS via OH was the dominant pathway withno more than 5 to 15% proceeding through Cl atoms andless than 3% through NO3. This analysis wasbased on an estimated DMS sea-to-air flux of 3.4 ×109 molecs cm-2 s-1. The dominant sourceof BL SO2 was oxidation of DMS, the overallconversion efficiency being evaluated at 0.65 ± 0.15. The major loss of SO2 was deposition to theocean's surface and scavenging by aerosol. Theresulting combined first order k value was estimated at 1.6 × 10-5 s-1. In contrast to the DMSand SO2 simulations, the model under-predictedthe observed DMSO levels by nearly a factor of 50. Although DMSO instrument measurement problems can notbe totally ruled out, the possibility of DMSO sourcesother than gas phase oxidation of DMS must beseriously considered and should be explored in futurestudies.  相似文献   

18.
The Henry's law constants, K H, of dilute aqueous formic and acetic acids were determined experimentally as a function of concentration and temperature using a new counterflow packed-column technique. K H was found to be (8.9±1.3)×103 and (4.1±0.4)×103 M atm-1 at 25°C for HCOOH and CH3COOH, respectively. The reaction enthalpies, H, were found to be –51±2 kJ mol-1 and –52±1 kJ mol-1 for formic and acetic acid, respectively. These are in good agreement with calculated thermochemical values.Whereas the K H values are in reasonably good agreement with certain other experimentally determined values, K H (HCOOH) is two to three times higher than calculated thermochemical values while K H (CH3COOH) is lower than the two calculated values.The best experimental values appear to be (11±2)×103 M atm-1 and (7±3)×103 M atm-1 for HCOOH and CH3COOH, respectively.  相似文献   

19.
The following temperature-dependent rate coefficients (k/cm3 molecule–1 s–1) of the reactions of hydroxyl radicals with aliphatic ethers have been determined over the temperature range 247–373 K by a competitive flow technique: diethyl ether,k OH=5.2×10–12 exp[(262±150)/T]; methyln-butyl ether,k OH=5.4×10–12 exp[(309±150)/T]; ethyln-butyl ether,k OH=7.3×10–12 exp[(335±150)/T]; di-n-butyl ether,k OH=5.5×10–12 exp[(502±150)/T] and di-n-pentyl ether,k OH=8.5×10–12 exp[(417±150)/T]. The data have been measured relative to the rate coefficientk(OH + 2,3-dimethylbutane)=6.2×10–12 cm3 molecule–1 s–1 independent of temperature.Previous discrepancies in the room-temperature rate coefficients for the OH reactions with ethyln-butyl ether and di-n-butyl ether, obtained in the flow and static experiments of Bennett and Kerr (J. Atmos. Chem. 8, 87–94, 1989;10, 29–38, 1990) compared with those of Wallingtonet al. (Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 20, 541–547, 1988;21, 993–1001, 1989) and of Nelsonet al. (Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 22, 1111–1126, 1990) have been resolved. The results are considered in relation to the available literature data and evaluated rate expressions are deduced where possible. The data are also discussed in terms of structure-activity relationships.  相似文献   

20.
The kinetics of the aqueous phase reactions of NO3 radicals with HCOOH/HCOO– and CH3COOH/CH3COO– have been investigated using a laser photolysis/long-path laser absorption technique. NO3 was produced via excimer laser photolysis of peroxodisulfate anions (S2O 8 2– ) at 351 nm followed by the reactions of sulfate radicals (SO 4 – ) with excess nitrate. The time-resolved detection of NO3 was achieved by long-path laser absorption at 632.8 nm. For the reactions of NO3 with formic acid (1) and formate (2) rate coefficients ofk 1=(3.3±1.0)×105 l mol–1 s–1 andk 2=(5.0±0.4)×107 l mol–1 s–1 were found atT=298 K andI=0.19 mol/l. The following Arrhenius expressions were derived:k 1(T)=(3.4±0.3)×1010 exp[–(3400±600)/T] l mol–1 s–1 andk 2(T)=(8.2±0.8)×1010 exp[–(2200±700)/T] l mol–1 s–1. The rate coefficients for the reactions of NO3 with acetic acid (3) and acetate (4) atT=298 K andI=0.19 mol/l were determined as:k 3=(1.3±0.3)×104 l mol–1 s–1 andk 4=(2.3±0.4)×106 l mol–1 s–1. The temperature dependences for these reactions are described by:k 3(T)=(4.9±0.5)×109 exp[–(3800±700)/T] l mol–1 s–1 andk 4(T)=(1.0±0.2)×1012 exp[–(3800±1200)/T] l mol–1 s–1. The differences in reactivity of the anions HCOO– and CH3COO– compared to their corresponding acids HCOOH and CH3COOH are explained by the higher reactivity of NO3 in charge transfer processes compared to H atom abstraction. From a comparison of NO3 reactions with various droplets constituents it is concluded that the reaction of NO3 with HCOO– may present a dominant loss reaction of NO3 in atmospheric droplets.  相似文献   

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